In 2023/24, health spending in the United Kingdom was ***** British pounds per capita, ranging from ***** pounds per capita in London, to ***** pounds per capita in East England.

This statistic displays the annual public healthcare spending in the United Kingdom from 2000 to 2023. The total public healthcare spending increased over the period concerned to approximately ***** British pounds per capita in 2022, the highest in the provided time interval, before slightly falling to ***** British pounds in 2023.

In the financial year 2021/22, there was a slight increase in health spending per head in every country in the UK compared to the previous year. That year, Scotland spent 3,490 British pounds per head on health, the highest amount compared to the other countries in the UK. This statistic displays the annual health expenditure per head in the United Kingdom from 2012/13 to 2021/22, by country.

Healthcare spending in the United Kingdom (UK) as a share of the gross domestic product (GDP) has increased since 1990, when it was 5.1 percent. By 2023, healthcare expenditure in the UK amounted 10.9 percent of the GDP. Health expenditure in the UK compared to Europe  In comparison to other European countries in 2022, the UK ranked fifth highest in terms of healthcare spending as a share of the GDP. Top of the list was Germany, which spent 12.7 percent of its GDP on healthcare in this year. This was followed by France and Austria, which spent 11.9 percent and 11.4 percent on health, respectively. Performance of the NHS in the UK  Individuals in the UK still regard the NHS as a world class health service and remain happy with the high level of care provided by the organization. Although waiting times have been getting worse in the A&E department over the years. The NHS has been falling behind the target that 95 percent of patients should be seen within four hours of arrival. As a result, the primary reasons for dissatisfaction with the NHS among the public are the length of time required to get a GP or hospital appointment and the lack of staff.   

The majority of healthcare expenditure in the United Kingdom is publicly funded through the National Health Service, amounting to 239.4 billion British pounds in 2023. This statistic shows the public or government-financed healthcare expenditure in the United Kingdom from 1997 to 2023.

Among OECD member countries, the United States had the highest percentage of gross domestic product spent on health care as of 2023. The U.S. spent nearly ** percent of its GDP on health care services. Germany, France and Japan followed the U.S. with distinctly smaller percentages. The United States had both significantly higher private and public spending on health compared with other developed countries. Why compare OECD countries?OECD stands for Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. It is an economic organization consisting of ** members, mostly high-income countries and committed to democratic principles and market economy. This makes OECD statistics more comparable than statistics of developed and undeveloped countries. Health economics is an important matter for the OECD, even more since increasing health costs and an aging population have become an issue for many developed countries. Health costs in the U.S.  A higher GDP share spent on health care does not automatically lead to a better functioning health system. In the case of the U.S., high spending is mainly because of higher costs and prices, not due to higher utilization. For example, physicians’ salaries are much higher in the U.S. than in other comparable countries. A doctor in the U.S. earns almost twice as much as the average physician in Germany. Pharmaceutical spending per capita is also distinctly higher in the United States. Furthermore, the U.S. also spends more on health administrative costs compare to other wealthy countries.

Crude rate of cost of admissions for alcohol-related conditions (Broad definition) per head of population.

Rationale Alcohol misuse across the UK is a significant public health problem with major health, social, and economic consequences. This indicator aims to highlight the impact of alcohol-related conditions on inpatient hospital services in England. High costs of alcohol-related admissions are indicative of poor population health and high alcohol consumption. This indicator highlights the resource implications of alcohol-related conditions and supports the arguments for local health promotion initiatives. Publication of this indicator will allow national and local cost estimates to be updated and consistently monitored going forward. This measure accounts for just one aspect of the cost of alcohol to society, but there are others such as primary care, crime, ambulatory services, and specialist treatment services as well as broader costs such as unemployment and loss of productivity.

The Government has said that everyone has a role to play in reducing the harmful use of alcohol. This indicator is one of the key contributions by the Government (and the Department of Health and Social Care) to promote measurable, evidence-based prevention activities at a local level, and supports the national ambitions to reduce harm set out in the Government's Alcohol Strategy. This ambition is part of the monitoring arrangements for the Responsibility Deal Alcohol Network. Alcohol-related admissions can be reduced through local interventions to reduce alcohol misuse and harm.

References: (1) PHE (2020) The Burden of Disease in England compared with 22 peer countries https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/global-burden-of-disease-for-england-international-comparisons/the-burden-of-disease-in-england-compared-with-22-peer-countries-executive-summary

Definition of numerator The total cost (£s) of alcohol-related admissions (Broad). Admissions to hospital where the primary diagnosis is an alcohol-related condition, or a secondary diagnosis is an alcohol-related external cause.

More specifically, hospital admissions records are identified where the admission is a finished episode [epistat = 3]; the admission is an ordinary admission, day case or maternity [classpat = 1, 2 or 5]; it is an admission episode [epiorder = 1]; the sex of the patient is valid [sex = 1 or 2]; there is a valid age at start of episode [startage between 0 and 150 or between 7001 and 7007]; the region of residence is one of the English regions, no fixed abode or unknown [resgor <= K or U or Y]; the episode end date [epiend] falls within the financial year, and an alcohol-attributable ICD10 code appears in the primary diagnosis field [diag_01] or an alcohol-related external cause code appears in any diagnosis field [diag_nn].

For each episode identified, an alcohol-attributable fraction is applied to the primary diagnosis field or an alcohol-attributable external cause code appears in one of the secondary codes based on the diagnostic codes, age group, and sex of the patient. Where there is more than one alcohol-related ICD10 code among the 20 possible diagnostic codes, the code with the largest alcohol-attributable fraction is selected; in the event of there being two or more codes with the same alcohol-attributable fraction within the same episode, the one from the lowest diagnostic position is selected. For a detailed list of all alcohol-attributable diseases, including ICD 10 codes and relative risks, see ‘Alcohol-attributable fractions for England: an update’ (2). Alcohol-related hospital admission episodes were extracted from HES according to the Broad definition and admissions flagged as either elective or non-elective based on the admission method field.

The cost of each admission episode was calculated using the National Cost Collection (published by NHS England) main schedule dataset for the corresponding financial year applied to elective and non-elective admission episodes. The healthcare resource group (HRG) was identified using the HES field SUSHRG [SUS Generated HRG], which is the SUS PbR derived HRG code at episode level. Healthcare Resource Groups (HRGs) are standard groupings of clinically similar treatments which use common levels of healthcare resource. The elective admissions were assigned an average of the elective and day-case costs. The non-electives were assigned an average of the non-elective long stay and non-elective short stay costs. Where the HRG was not available or did not match the National Reference Costs look-up table, an average elective or non-elective cost was imputed. This may result in the cost of these admissions being underestimated. For each record, the AAF was multiplied by the reference cost and the resulting values were aggregated by the required output geographies to provide numerators for the cost per capita indicator.

References: (2) PHE (2020) Alcohol-attributable fractions for England: an update https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/alcohol-attributable-fractions-for-england-an-update

Definition of denominator Mid-year population estimates.

Caveats Not all alcohol-related conditions require inpatient services, so this indicator is only one measure of the alcohol-related health problems in each local area. However, inpatient admissions are easily monitored, and this indicator provides local authorities with a routine method of monitoring the health impacts of alcohol in their local populations.

The Healthcare Resource Group cost assigned to each hospital admission is for the initial admission episode only and doesn’t include costs related to alcohol in any subsequent episodes in the hospital spell. Where the HRG was not available or did not match the National Reference Costs look-up table, an average elective or non-elective cost was imputed. This may result in the cost of these admissions being underestimated. It must be noted that the numerator is based on the financial year and the denominator on calendar mid-year population estimates, e.g., 2019/20 admission rates are constructed from admission counts for the 2019/20 financial year and mid-year population estimates for the 2020 calendar year. Data for England includes records with geography 'No fixed abode'. Alcohol-attributable fractions were not available for children. Conditions where low levels of alcohol consumption are protective (have a negative alcohol-attributable fraction) are not included in the calculation of the indicator. This does not include attendance at Accident and Emergency departments. Hospital Episode Statistics overall is well completed. However, year-on-year variations exist due to poor completion from a proportion of trusts.

Analysis has revealed significant differences across the country in the coding of cancer patients in the Hospital Episode Statistics. In particular, in some areas, regular attenders at hospital for treatments like chemotherapy and radiotherapy are being incorrectly recorded as ordinary or day-case admissions. Since cancer admissions form part of the overarching alcohol-related admission national indicators, the inconsistent recording across the country for cancer patients has some implication for these headline measures.

Cancer admissions make up approximately a quarter of the total number of alcohol-related admissions. Analysis suggests that, although most Local Authorities would remain within the same RAG group compared with the England average if cancer admissions were removed, the ranking of Local Authorities within RAG groups would be altered. We are continuing to monitor the impact of this issue and to consider ways of improving the consistency between areas. The COVID-19 pandemic had a large impact on hospital activity with a reduction in admissions in 2020 to 2021. Because of this, NHS Digital has been unable to analyse coverage (measured as the difference between expected and actual records submitted by NHS Trusts) in the normal way. There may have been issues around coverage in some areas which were not identified as a result.

BackgroundAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis which typically begins in early adulthood and impacts on healthcare resource utilisation and the ability to work. Previous studies examining the cost of AS have relied on patient-reported questionnaires based on recall. This study uses a combination of patient-reported and linked-routine data to examine the cost of AS in Wales, UK.MethodsParticipants in an existing AS cohort study (n = 570) completed questionnaires regarding work status, out-of-pocket expenses, visits to health professionals and disease severity. Participants gave consent for their data to be linked to routine primary and secondary care clinical datasets. Health resource costs were calculated using a bottom-up micro-costing approach. Human capital costs methods were used to estimate work productivity loss costs, particularly relating to work and early retirement. Regression analyses were used to account for age, gender, disease activity.ResultsThe total cost of AS in the UK is estimated at £19016 per patient per year, calculated to include GP attendance, administration costs and hospital costs derived from routine data records, plus patient-reported non-NHS costs, out-of-pocket AS-related expenses, early retirement, absenteeism, presenteeism and unpaid assistance costs. The majority of the cost (>80%) was as a result of work-related costs.ConclusionThe major cost of AS is as a result of loss of working hours, early retirement and unpaid carer’s time. Therefore, much of AS costs are hidden and not easy to quantify. Functional impairment is the main factor associated with increased cost of AS. Interventions which keep people in work to retirement age and reduce functional impairment would have the greatest impact on reducing costs of AS. The combination of patient-reported and linked routine data significantly enhanced the health economic analysis and this methodology that can be applied to other chronic conditions.

NHS Payments to General Practice, England 2022/23 provides information on NHS payments to individual providers of general practice services in England. Figures are given for the main payment categories - which include Global Sum, Balance of PMS expenditure, Quality Outcomes Framework (QOF) and Local Incentive Schemes. It is not a record of the amount of money available for direct patient care, nor the total invested in patient care through general practice. Instead, it constitutes the majority of actual monies paid to practices for all activities and costs during the 2022/23 financial year. Payments relating to Primary Care Networks (PCNs) are included covering eight categories PCN Participation, PCN Leadership, PCN Support, PCN Workforce, PCN Care Home Premium, PCN Extended Hours Access, PCN Investment and Impact Fund and PCN Enhanced Access. The pandemic affected the way General Practice operated between 2020/21 and 2022/23 and placed additional responsibilities on GP practices for which they received additional payments. The report for 2022/23 includes three additional categories for COVID-19 related payments, COVID-19 Support and Expansion, COVID-19 Immunisation and Long Covid.

The UK artificial organs and bionic implants market is experiencing steady growth, driven by an aging population, increasing prevalence of chronic diseases necessitating organ replacement or augmentation, and advancements in medical technology. While precise market sizing for the UK specifically is unavailable in the provided data, we can extrapolate from the global CAGR of 2.00% and the global market size (XX million) to derive a reasonable estimate. Considering the UK's robust healthcare system and high per capita healthcare expenditure, the UK market likely represents a significant portion of the European market. Assuming the UK comprises approximately 10-15% of the European market (a conservative estimate given its size and economic strength), and projecting this proportion onto the global market, we can infer a sizeable market value for the UK. Growth is further fueled by increasing government investments in healthcare infrastructure and technological innovations leading to improved implant efficacy and longevity. Key segments within the UK market, mirroring global trends, are likely dominated by artificial organs (particularly cardiac implants and cochlear implants) and orthopedic bionics. However, the growth in ear bionics and cardiac bionics segments are anticipated to contribute significantly to the market growth during the forecast period. Challenges remain, including high procedural costs, regulatory hurdles for new technologies, and ethical considerations surrounding artificial organ implantation. Despite these challenges, the long-term outlook for the UK artificial organs and bionic implants market remains positive. The continued focus on technological advancements, such as improved biocompatibility and minimally invasive surgical techniques, will likely accelerate market expansion. Furthermore, increasing public awareness regarding the benefits of bionic implants and artificial organs and growing acceptance of these technologies will drive market growth in the coming years. This growth will be further boosted by collaborations between healthcare providers, research institutions, and manufacturers leading to the development and commercialization of innovative products and services. The market's future trajectory will depend significantly on the continued investment in research and development, government support, and the ongoing evolution of treatment paradigms within the UK healthcare sector. Recent developments include: November 2022: NHS announced that brain-controlled bionic arms that mimic real hand movements will be offered to amputees on the NHS. The newly available bionic arms controlled by electrical brain signals have multi-grip capabilities, enabling a greater range of movements to make day-to-day tasks easier., April 2022: Oticon Medical's parent company, Demant, decided to discontinue its hearing implants business and, therefore, has negotiated an agreement with the intention to sell Oticon Medical to Cochlear.. Key drivers for this market are: Increased Incidence of Disabilities, Organ Failures and Scarcity of Donor Organs, Technological Advancements in the Artificial Organ and Bionics. Potential restraints include: Increased Incidence of Disabilities, Organ Failures and Scarcity of Donor Organs, Technological Advancements in the Artificial Organ and Bionics. Notable trends are: Artificial Heart Segment is Estimated to Witness a Healthy Growth Over the Forecast Period.

The global blood bank market, valued at $32.03 billion in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by a rising global population, increasing prevalence of chronic diseases requiring blood transfusions (e.g., cancer, thalassemia), and advancements in blood storage and processing technologies. The increasing demand for safe and readily available blood products, particularly in developing nations, is a significant growth catalyst. Furthermore, growing awareness regarding blood donation and government initiatives promoting blood donation campaigns are contributing to market expansion. Technological advancements such as automated blood component separation systems and improved blood screening techniques enhance efficiency and safety, further fueling market growth. However, challenges remain, including the limited availability of volunteer donors in certain regions, stringent regulatory frameworks governing blood collection and processing, and the potential risk of blood-borne diseases. Segmentation reveals that hospitals are the largest consumers of blood products, followed by laboratories and blood centers. Whole blood currently holds the largest market share among blood product types, though the demand for specialized components like platelets and plasma is growing rapidly due to their critical roles in various medical treatments. The market's geographic distribution reflects varying healthcare infrastructure and donation rates across regions. North America, particularly the United States, dominates the market due to advanced healthcare facilities and high per capita blood donation rates. Europe follows as a significant market, while Asia-Pacific is expected to witness rapid growth in the coming years driven by rising disposable income and increasing healthcare expenditure. Competition among key players, including both large national blood banks and smaller regional players, is intense, marked by investments in R&D, strategic partnerships, and expansion into new markets. The forecast period (2025-2033) anticipates a sustained CAGR of 6.5%, reflecting the continued demand for blood products and ongoing efforts to improve blood bank infrastructure and processes globally. This growth will likely be influenced by factors such as technological innovations, expanding healthcare infrastructure, and evolving public health initiatives.

In 2022, the average expenditure by the Italian National Health Service (Servizio Sanitario Nazionale, SSN) per patient affected by at least one chronic disease was approximately 679 euros. This statistic highlights differences in this figure according to the number of chronic diseases a patient was suffering from. The amount of money spent by the SSN per chronic disease patient increased together with the number of diseases, peaking at over three thousand euros per capita per year for people affected by eight diseases. For individuals who suffered from nine diseases, however, the average cost per capita decreased to 1,654 thousand euros. These figures take into account all the public healthcare services offered to chronic disease patients, including the costs of prescription drugs covered by public health insurance.

In 2022, the average expenditure by the Italian National Health Service (Servizio Sanitario Nazionale, SSN) per patient affected by at least one chronic disease was approximately 697 euros. This statistic zooms into the elderly segment of the population and highlights age differences in this figure. The age group of 80-84 years was the one were the most money was invested per capita on chronic diseases patients, with 1,226 euros per year. These figures take into account all the public healthcare services offered to chronic disease patients, including the costs of prescription drugs covered by public health insurance.

In 2022, the average expenditure by the Italian National Health Service (Servizio Sanitario Nazionale, SSN) per patient affected by at least one chronic disease stood at approximately 679 euros. This statistic highlights gender differences in this figure. The SSN spent more money per capita on men than on women. The average cost for men affected by at least one chronic disease amounted to 690 euros per year, while for women this figure was equal to 668 euros. These figures take into account all the public healthcare services offered to chronic disease patients, including the costs of prescription drugs covered by public health insurance.