The health expenditure as a share of gross domestic product in Nigeria increased by 0.2 percentage points (+4.9 percent) in 2022. With 4.27 percent, the share thereby reached its highest value in the observed period. Estimates of current health expenditures include healthcare goods and services consumed each year. This indicator does not include capital health expenditures such as buildings, machinery, IT, and stocks of vaccines for emergency or outbreaks. Level of current health expenditure is expressed as a percentage of GDP.Find more statistics on other topics about Nigeria with key insights such as infant mortality rate, death rate, and total life expectancy at birth.

By 2021, the expenditure in Nigeria on healthcare is projected to increase overall. The government's spending on healthcare is forecasted to reach 1,478 billion Nigerian Naira. In 2019, this figure amounted to 1,191 billion Nigerian Naira. On the other hand, private spending on health is projected to add up to 4,284 billion Naira by 2021, representing the main source of expenditure on health in Nigeria.

Nigeria NG: Current Health Expenditure: % of GDP data was reported at 3.565 % in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.331 % for 2014. Nigeria NG: Current Health Expenditure: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 3.461 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2015, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.453 % in 2003 and a record low of 2.143 % in 2002. Nigeria NG: Current Health Expenditure: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nigeria – Table NG.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Level of current health expenditure expressed as a percentage of GDP. Estimates of current health expenditures include healthcare goods and services consumed during each year. This indicator does not include capital health expenditures such as buildings, machinery, IT and stocks of vaccines for emergency or outbreaks.; ; World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database).; Weighted average;

By 2021, the expenditure in Nigeria on healthcare is projected to increase overall. The spending on private healthcare is forecasted to reach 4,284 billion Nigerian Naira. In 2019, this figure amounted to 3,709 billion Nigerian Naira. On the other hand, Nigerian government's spending on health is projected to add up to 1,477 billion Naira by 2021, also showing an increase compared to the previous years.

Nigeria NG: Domestic Private Health Expenditure: % of Current Health Expenditure data was reported at 73.729 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 74.393 % for 2014. Nigeria NG: Domestic Private Health Expenditure: % of Current Health Expenditure data is updated yearly, averaging 76.836 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2015, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 84.515 % in 2003 and a record low of 73.146 % in 2013. Nigeria NG: Domestic Private Health Expenditure: % of Current Health Expenditure data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nigeria – Table NG.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Share of current health expenditures funded from domestic private sources. Domestic private sources include funds from households, corporations and non-profit organizations. Such expenditures can be either prepaid to voluntary health insurance or paid directly to healthcare providers.; ; World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database).; Weighted average;

Nigeria NG: Proportion of Population Spending More Than 10% of Household Consumption or Income on Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: % data was reported at 24.770 % in 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 14.514 % for 2003. Nigeria NG: Proportion of Population Spending More Than 10% of Household Consumption or Income on Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: % data is updated yearly, averaging 19.642 % from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2009, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 24.770 % in 2009 and a record low of 14.514 % in 2003. Nigeria NG: Proportion of Population Spending More Than 10% of Household Consumption or Income on Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: % data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nigeria – Table NG.World Bank: Poverty. Proportion of population spending more than 10% of household consumption or income on out-of-pocket health care expenditure, expressed as a percentage of a total population of a country; ; Wagstaff et al. Progress on catastrophic health spending: results for 133 countries. A retrospective observational study, Lancet Global Health 2017.; Weighted Average;

4.1 (%) in 2021. Level of current health expenditure expressed as a percentage of GDP. Estimates of current health expenditures include healthcare goods and services consumed during each year. This indicator does not include capital health expenditures such as buildings, machinery, IT and stocks of vaccines for emergency or outbreaks.

Paired T-Test and Correlation between Total Health Budget and the Estimated Annual (Aggregated/Crude) Health Expenditure in Nigeria from 2010 to 2023.

Nigeria NG: Number of People Spending More Than 25% of Household Consumption or Income on Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure data was reported at 13,800,000.000 Person in 2009. This records an increase from the previous number of 5,058,000.000 Person for 2003. Nigeria NG: Number of People Spending More Than 25% of Household Consumption or Income on Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure data is updated yearly, averaging 9,429,000.000 Person from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2009, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13,800,000.000 Person in 2009 and a record low of 5,058,000.000 Person in 2003. Nigeria NG: Number of People Spending More Than 25% of Household Consumption or Income on Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nigeria – Table NG.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Number of people spending more than 25% of household consumption or income on out-of-pocket health care expenditure; ; Wagstaff et al. Progress on catastrophic health spending: results for 133 countries. A retrospective observational study, Lancet Global Health 2017.; Sum;

As of 2021, individuals in Nigeria directed slightly over ** percent of their out-of-pocket spending towards healthcare. This increased from the preceding year. In 2005, the share stood at ** percent.

Correlation analysis between Total Healthcare Budget and the Health Budget per 100,000 Population in Nigeria from 2010 to 2023 [57].

Forecast: Current Health Expenditure in Nigeria 2024 - 2028 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

The current healthcare spending per capita in Ghana was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 20.5 U.S. dollars (+22.15 percent). After the fourth consecutive increasing year, the spending is estimated to reach 113.05 U.S. dollars and therefore a new peak in 2029. Depicted here is the average per capita spending, in a given country or region, with regards to healthcare. The spending refers to the average current spending of both governments and consumers per inhabitant.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).Find more key insights for the current healthcare spending per capita in countries like Ivory Coast and Nigeria.

Nigeria NG: Current Health Expenditure Per Capita: Current Price data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for 2014. Nigeria NG: Current Health Expenditure Per Capita: Current Price data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2015, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 USD mn in 2014 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in 2000. Nigeria NG: Current Health Expenditure Per Capita: Current Price data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nigeria – Table NG.World Bank: Health Statistics. Current expenditures on health per capita in current US dollars. Estimates of current health expenditures include healthcare goods and services consumed during each year.; ; World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database).; Weighted Average;

The Nigeria medical device market is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of XX% during the forecast period of 2025-2033. In 2023, the market was valued at USD 1.98 billion and is projected to reach USD XX billion by the end of the forecast period. The growth of the market is attributed to the rising prevalence of chronic diseases, increasing healthcare expenditure, and technological advancements in the healthcare industry. Additionally, government initiatives to improve healthcare infrastructure and access to medical devices are expected to contribute to the market's expansion. The Nigeria medical device market is segmented based on product type, end-user, and region. By product type, the market is divided into orthopedic devices, cardiovascular devices, diagnostic imaging, IVD, MIS, wound management, diabetes care, ophthalmic, dental, nephrology, general surgery, and others. Among these segments, orthopedic devices and cardiovascular devices are expected to hold a significant share of the market due to the high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and cardiovascular diseases in Nigeria. By end-user, the market is categorized into hospitals and ASCs, clinics, and others. Hospitals and ASCs are expected to account for the majority of the market share as they are the primary users of medical devices. The market is also segmented by region into North, South, East, and West Nigeria. The South region is expected to hold the largest market share due to the presence of major healthcare facilities and a higher concentration of the population. Notable trends are: Demand for Portable Devices Will Increase with a Shift toward Homecare Settings, thus Driving the Market Growth.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a deadly, disabling and often costly syndrome world-wide. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of data describing its economic impact in sub Saharan Africa; a region in which the number of relatively younger cases will inevitably rise.Methods: Heath economic data were extracted from a prospective HF registry in a tertiary hospital situated in Abeokuta, southwest Nigeria. Outpatient and inpatient costs were computed from a representative cohort of 239 HF cases including personnel, diagnostic and treatment resources used for their management over a 12-month period. Indirect costs were also calculated. The annual cost per person was then calculated.Results: Mean age of the cohort was 58.0±15.1 years and 53.1% were men. The total computed cost of care of HF in Abeokuta was 76, 288,845 Nigerian Naira (US$508, 595) translating to 319,200 Naira (US$2,128 US Dollars) per patient per year. The total cost of in-patient care (46% of total health care expenditure) was estimated as 34,996,477 Naira (about 301,230 US dollars). This comprised of 17,899,977 Naira- 50.9% ($US114,600) and 17,806,500 naira −49.1%($US118,710) for direct and in-direct costs respectively. Out-patient cost was estimated as 41,292,368 Naira ($US 275,282). The relatively high cost of outpatient care was largely due to cost of transportation for monthly follow up visits. Payments were mostly made through out-of-pocket spending.Conclusion: The economic burden of HF in Nigeria is particularly high considering, the relatively young age of affected cases, a minimum wage of 18,000 Naira ($US120) per month and considerable component of out-of-pocket spending for those affected. Health reforms designed to mitigate the individual to societal burden imposed by the syndrome are required.

Nigeria aims to enhance its healthcare quality index score of 84th out of 110 countries and its Sustainable Development Goals Index ranking of 146th out of 166. Due to increased population, disease burden, and patient awareness, healthcare demand is rising, putting pressure on funding and quality assurance. The Nigerian healthcare financing and its impacts are complex; this study gives insights into the trends. This questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey (conducted from June to August 2023) and 2010–2023 health budget analysis examined healthcare finance patterns and user attitudes (utilisation, preference and quality perceptions) in Nigeria. Data from government health budgets and a stratified random sample of 2,212 from nine states, obtained from the socioculturally diverse 237 million population, were analysed with a focus on trends, proportions, frequency distributions, and tests of association. Results show that the average rating of healthcare experiences did not vary significantly over the last decade. Healthcare system quality was rated mainly poor or very poor; structure (74.09%), services (61.66%), and cost (60.89%). While 87.36% used government healthcare facilities, 85.00% paid out-of-pocket, and 72.60% of them were dissatisfied with the value for money. Despite a preference for government facilities (71.43%), respondents cited high costs (62.75%), poor funding (85.65%), inadequate staffing (90.73%), and lack of essential medicines (88.47%) as major challenges. The budget analysis reveals an average government healthcare fund allocation of $7.12 compared with an estimated expenditure of $82.75 per person annually. Nigeria allocates only an average of 0.37% of GDP and 4.61% of the national budget to healthcare, comprising a maximum of 13.56% of total health expenditure. This study emphasises the urgent need for policy reforms and implementations to improve Nigeria’s healthcare financing and service quality. Targeted interventions are essential to address systemic challenges and meet population needs while aligning with international health services and best standards.

Abstract

In order to develop various methods of comparable data collection on health and health system responsiveness WHO started a scientific survey study in 2000-2001. This study has used a common survey instrument in nationally representative populations with modular structure for assessing health of indviduals in various domains, health system responsiveness, household health care expenditures, and additional modules in other areas such as adult mortality and health state valuations.

The health module of the survey instrument was based on selected domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and was developed after a rigorous scientific review of various existing assessment instruments. The responsiveness module has been the result of ongoing work over the last 2 years that has involved international consultations with experts and key informants and has been informed by the scientific literature and pilot studies.

Questions on household expenditure and proportionate expenditure on health have been borrowed from existing surveys. The survey instrument has been developed in multiple languages using cognitive interviews and cultural applicability tests, stringent psychometric tests for reliability (i.e. test-retest reliability to demonstrate the stability of application) and most importantly, utilizing novel psychometric techniques for cross-population comparability.

The study was carried out in 61 countries completing 71 surveys because two different modes were intentionally used for comparison purposes in 10 countries. Surveys were conducted in different modes of in- person household 90 minute interviews in 14 countries; brief face-to-face interviews in 27 countries and computerized telephone interviews in 2 countries; and postal surveys in 28 countries. All samples were selected from nationally representative sampling frames with a known probability so as to make estimates based on general population parameters.

The survey study tested novel techniques to control the reporting bias between different groups of people in different cultures or demographic groups ( i.e. differential item functioning) so as to produce comparable estimates across cultures and groups. To achieve comparability, the selfreports of individuals of their own health were calibrated against well-known performance tests (i.e. self-report vision was measured against standard Snellen's visual acuity test) or against short descriptions in vignettes that marked known anchor points of difficulty (e.g. people with different levels of mobility such as a paraplegic person or an athlete who runs 4 km each day) so as to adjust the responses for comparability . The same method was also used for self-reports of individuals assessing responsiveness of their health systems where vignettes on different responsiveness domains describing different levels of responsiveness were used to calibrate the individual responses.

This data are useful in their own right to standardize indicators for different domains of health (such as cognition, mobility, self care, affect, usual activities, pain, social participation, etc.) but also provide a better measurement basis for assessing health of the populations in a comparable manner. The data from the surveys can be fed into composite measures such as "Healthy Life Expectancy" and improve the empirical data input for health information systems in different regions of the world. Data from the surveys were also useful to improve the measurement of the responsiveness of different health systems to the legitimate expectations of the population.

Geographic coverage

Ibadan South West (urban), Ibadan North West (urban), Iseyin (semi-urban), Ido (rural), Ogo Oluwa (rural)

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sample was not nationally representative and only covered the south western part of Nigeria (Oyo State). This region is composed of 33 local government areas (LGAs). Two rural, one semi-urban, and two urban LGAs were randomly selected. The pooled population of the selected LGAs was similar to the national population in terms of age and sex distribution, literacy rate, proportion unemployed, and in terms of the broad cadres among those employed.

The regions sampled were the following: Region 1: Ibadan South West (urban) Region 2: Ibadan North West (urban) Region 3: Iseyin (semi-urban) Region 4: Ido (rural) Region 5: Ogo Oluwa (rural)

The total sample was 5,000. More females (61.4%) than males (38.6%) were interviewed.

Agreement to participate was excellent both the household level and at the respondent level even though, on many occasions, interviewers had to go to the farm or other places of work to interview selected respondents.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Cleaning operations

Data Coding At each site the data was coded by investigators to indicate the respondent status and the selection of the modules for each respondent within the survey design. After the interview was edited by the supervisor and considered adequate it was entered locally.

Data Entry Program A data entry program was developed in WHO specifically for the survey study and provided to the sites. It was developed using a database program called the I-Shell (short for Interview Shell), a tool designed for easy development of computerized questionnaires and data entry (34). This program allows for easy data cleaning and processing.

The data entry program checked for inconsistencies and validated the entries in each field by checking for valid response categories and range checks. For example, the program didn’t accept an age greater than 120. For almost all of the variables there existed a range or a list of possible values that the program checked for.

In addition, the data was entered twice to capture other data entry errors. The data entry program was able to warn the user whenever a value that did not match the first entry was entered at the second data entry. In this case the program asked the user to resolve the conflict by choosing either the 1st or the 2nd data entry value to be able to continue. After the second data entry was completed successfully, the data entry program placed a mark in the database in order to enable the checking of whether this process had been completed for each and every case.

Data Transfer The data entry program was capable of exporting the data that was entered into one compressed database file which could be easily sent to WHO using email attachments or a file transfer program onto a secure server no matter how many cases were in the file. The sites were allowed the use of as many computers and as many data entry personnel as they wanted. Each computer used for this purpose produced one file and they were merged once they were delivered to WHO with the help of other programs that were built for automating the process. The sites sent the data periodically as they collected it enabling the checking procedures and preliminary analyses in the early stages of the data collection.

Data quality checks Once the data was received it was analyzed for missing information, invalid responses and representativeness. Inconsistencies were also noted and reported back to sites.

Data Cleaning and Feedback After receipt of cleaned data from sites, another program was run to check for missing information, incorrect information (e.g. wrong use of center codes), duplicated data, etc. The output of this program was fed back to sites regularly. Mainly, this consisted of cases with duplicate IDs, duplicate cases (where the data for two respondents with different IDs were identical), wrong country codes, missing age, sex, education and some other important variables.

Nigeria NG: Increase in Poverty Gap at $3.20: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: USD data was reported at 7.515 USD in 2012. This records an increase from the previous number of 6.662 USD for 2010. Nigeria NG: Increase in Poverty Gap at $3.20: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: USD data is updated yearly, averaging 6.662 USD from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2012, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.515 USD in 2012 and a record low of 5.609 USD in 2003. Nigeria NG: Increase in Poverty Gap at $3.20: Poverty Line Due To Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure: 2011 PPP: USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Nigeria – Table NG.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Increase in poverty gap at $3.20 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line due to out-of-pocket health care expenditure, expressed in US dollars (2011 PPP). The poverty gap increase due to out-of-pocket health spending is one way to measure how much out-of-pocket health spending pushes people below or further below the poverty line (the difference in the poverty gap due to out-of-pocket health spending being included or excluded from the measure of household welfare). This difference corresponds to the total out-of-pocket health spending for households that are already below the poverty line, to the amount that exceeds the shortfall between the poverty line and total consumption for households that are impoverished by out-of-pocket health spending and to zero for households whose consumption is above the poverty line after accounting for out-of-pocket health spending.; ; World Health Organization and World Bank. 2019. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2019.; Weighted average;

In Nigeria, out-of-pocket spending occupied the largest share of the expenditure on health in 2021, at over ** percent. Government transfers, external aid, and social health insurance contributions followed, in that order.