The Upper Wetlands Boundary/Upper Wetlands Limit data is composed of two wetlands limit lines mapped in two separate NJDEP mapping programs. Those arcs identified as the Upper Wetlands Boundary (UWB) were delineated under the Wetlands Act of 1970 (N.J.S.A. 13:9A-1 et seq). The intent of this act was to regulate development in tidal wetlands of the state. The initial task outlined in the legislation was to identify and map where those tidal wetlands existed in the state. The tidal wetlands delineations were based on the presence of 25 common tidal marsh species, as well as the extent of tidally flowed bare ground. Areas delineated in the original program extend from Trenton on the Delaware River, south around the Cape May Peninsula, and then north to Perth Amboy on the Arthur Kill. UWB delineations under this program were officially promulgated, and the original UWB arcs form a legal regulatory boundary line. While tidally influenced areas do exist north of Perth Amboy, these areas were not mapped in this program due to funding constraints. In 1987, New Jersey passed the Freshwater Wetlands Protection Act (N.J.S.A. 13:9B-1). As part of the requirements of that act, the NJDEP was required to map all non-tidal wetlands of the state, as they existed on 1986 photo basemaps in a separate freshwater wetlands (FWW) mapping program. As tidal areas of the state were already under tidal wetlands regulations, they were to be excluded from the FWW regulations and from the FWW mapping program. Since the UWB, where it existed, was the regulatory boundary for the tidal wetlands program, it was incorporated into the FWW maps to identify the lower, or seaward, limit of the areas under FWW jurisdiction and mapping. All areas below the UWB were excluded from the FWW program; all areas above the UWB were to be mapped. Where the UWB had not been delineated, a functionally similar line was delineated from the 1986 products used in the FWW mapping to separate tidal from non-tidal areas. As with the UWB, areas below, or seawards, of this line were not mapped under the FWW program. However, since this new line was not delineated through the same procedures as the original UWB, and is not a promulgated regulatory line, it is not to be considered analogous to the UWB. To distinguish this new line from the original UWB, it has been given a new name, the Upper Wetlands Limit (UWL). The data layer also includes another type of coded line. To clarify the UWB delineation along the Atlantic coast barrier island area, the land/water interface as delineated in a 1986 land use/ land cover mapping project was also included. These arcs are identified as COASTLINE in the data set. These arcs do represent any delineations based on vegetation or other parameters associated with the UWB or UWL. Both of these lines were digitized as part of the FWW mapping program, and the UWB/UWL data layer has been extracted from the FWW maps, as described in the Process Steps.

Please note that this file is large, ~150 MB, and may take a substantial amount of time to download especially on slower internet connections.Shapefile (NJ State Plane NAD 1983) download: Click "Open" or Click hereThis data was created by combining two separate data sets, the land use/land cover layer from the Integrated Terrain Unit Maps (ITUM) for this county and the freshwater wetlands (FWW) layer generated under the New Jersey Freshwater Wetlands Mapping Program. The Arc/INFO LULC coverage has been converted to an ArcView shapefile for distribution. The ITUM land use/land cover was photo interpreted from 1986 color infrared (CIR) 1:58000 aerial photos, and delineated using a modified Anderson et al. 1976, classification system to 1:24000 rectified photo-basemaps. These basemaps complied with National Map Accuracy Standards (NMAS) as individual quadrangles but were not produced from a sophisticated aero-triangulation photogrammetric solution. Minimum mapping unit = 2.5 acres. The ITUM land use/land cover was integrated with three other sources (soils, USGS floodprone areas, and 1906 Atlas Sheet Geology) based on coincident features. The four data layers have subsequently been split out into four separate themes for distribution and use. Beginning in 1998, the NJDEP does not support the data as a single integrated ITUM theme but rather as four separate themes. Freshwater wetlands delineations were made on 1986 orthophoto quarterquad basemaps (1:12000) by photo interpretation of 1986 CIR photos. The classification system used was a modified Cowardin system (Cowardin, et al., 1979). All freshwater wetland polygons greater than 1 acre in area and all linear freshwater wetland features greater than 10 feet in width were mapped. The 1986 quarterquad basemaps meet NMAS and are orthophotos.

This data set represents the extent, approximate location and type of wetlands and deepwater habitats in the conterminous United States. These data delineate the areal extent of wetlands and surface waters as defined by Cowardin et al. (1979).

Certain wetland habitats are excluded from the National mapping program because of the limitations of aerial imagery as the primary data source used to detect wetlands. These habitats include seagrasses or submerged aquatic vegetation that are found in the intertidal and subtidal zones of estuaries and near shore coastal waters. Some deepwater reef communities (coral or tuberficid worm reefs) have also been excluded from the inventory. These habitats, because of their depth, go undetected by aerial imagery.

By policy, the Service also excludes certain types of "farmed wetlands" as may be defined by the Food Security Act or that do not coincide with the Cowardin et al. definition. Contact the Service's Regional Wetland Coordinator for additional information on what types of farmed wetlands are included on wetland maps.

This data is hosted at, and may be downloaded or accessed from PASDA, the Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access Geospatial Data Clearinghouse http://www.pasda.psu.edu/uci/DataSummary.aspx?dataset=1455

This data set was generated through the 2020 LU/LC update mapping effort. This is a subset where TYPE20 = WETLANDS of the complete data layer. The 2020 update is the seventh in a series of land use mapping efforts that was begun in 1986. Revisions and additions to the initial baseline layer were done in subsequent years from imagery captured in 1995/97, 2002, 2007, 2012, 2015 and now, 2020. This present 2020 update was created by comparing the 2015 LU/LC layer from NJDEP's Geographic Information Systems (GIS) database to 2020 color infrared (CIR) imagery and delineating and coding areas of change. Work for this data set was done by Aerial Information Systems, Inc., Redlands, CA, under direction of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Bureau of Geographic Information System (BGIS). LU/LC changes were captured by adding new line work and attribute data for the 2020 land use directly to the base data layer. All 2015 LU/LC polygons and 2015 LU/LC coding remains in this data set, so change analysis for the period 2015-2020 can be undertaken from this one layer. The mapping was done by USGS HUC8 basins, 13 of which cover portions of New Jersey. This statewide layer is composed of the final data sets generated for each HUC8 basin. Initial QA/QC was done on each HUC8 data set as it was produced with final QA/QC and basin-to-basin edgematching done on this statewide layer. The classification system used was a modified Anderson et al., classification system. Minimum mapping unit (MMU) is 1 acre for changes to non-water and non-wetland polygons. Changes to these two categories were mapped using .25 acres as the MMU. This data set, edition 20241101, is a statewide layer that includes updated land use/land cover data for all HUC8 basins in New Jersey. The polygon delineations and associated land use code assignments are considered the final versions for this mapping effort. Note, this edition includes additional attributes from the National Hydrography Database (NHD) that are specific to the waterbodies mapped in this layer, and several attributes containing impervious surface estimates for each polygon. Evaluating the NHD codes facilitates extracting the water features mapped in this layer and using them to update the New Jersey portion of the NHD. Similarly, impervious surface (IS) amounts generated from two independent projects, one of which was just completed by NOAA, have been incorporated into this base land use layer. While the NHD and IS attributes will enhance the use of this base layer in several types of analyses, this present layer can be used for doing all primary land use analyses without having those attributes evaluated. Further, evaluating these extra attributes will result in few, if any, changes to the polygon delineations and standard land use coding that are the primary features of this layer. As such, the layer is being provided in its present edition for general use. The basic land use features and codes, however, as mapped in this version of the data set will serve as the base 2020 LU/LC update. As stated in this metadata record's Use Constraints section, NJDEP makes no representations of any kind, including, but not limited to, the warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular use, nor are any such warranties to be implied with respect to the digital data layers furnished hereunder. NJDEP assumes no responsibility to maintain them in any manner or form. By downloading this data, user agrees to the data use constraints listed within this metadata record.

The wetlands polygons included in this data set are extracted from the Land Use 2002 layer. Displayed are all polygons that have a TYPE02 code of 'WETLANDS'. While these wetland delineations are not regulatory lines, they represent important resource data in identifying potential wetland areas. These wetland data have a somewhat involved delineation history. Non-tidal wetlands were first mapped in a separate effort under the Freshwater Wetlands Mapping Program (FWW), based on 1986 photography. Although the original FWW maps were produced as a separate data set, they were incorporated into a state wide composite land use/land cover (LU/LC) data set also being initially mapped from the 1986 photography. The FWW delineations were integrated into the LU/LC data layer in their entirety as originally delineated, with all line work and coding intact. The tidal wetlands were being mapped as part the LU/LC mapping effort itself. This integrated data set, including the FWW delineations, and the remaining land use/land cover delineations for areas outside of the FWW polygons, which included tidal wetland areas, became the initial 1986 LU/LC layer for the NJDEP. Beginning in 1995, NJDEP acquired new aerial imagery, and began updating the initial integrated LU/LC layer from 1986 based on this newer imagery. The 1986 layer was examined with the new imagery, and areas of change delineated, with any new line work and land use codes needed to map the changes added to the base data set. This updated LU/LC layer is identified as Land Use 1995 in this application. Included in the change analysis were any non-tidal wetland polygons mapped in the original FWW mapping effort, as well as any tidal wetland polygons mapped in the 1986 LU/LC mapping effort. More recently, new photography was acquired in the spring of 2002, and this photography was used in a second land use update project. The Land Use 1995 layer was examined over the 2002 imagery, and an updated layer based on the 2002 imagery was created, available in this application as 'Land Use 2002'. The layer displayed here is the selection of all wetlands, both tidal and non-tidal, as included in that 2002 land use layer. As with all original wetland delineations delineations, this data set is intended to serve as a resource for analysis rather than regulatory delineations. The NJDEP may change the line work of any wetlands polygon based on more in depth analysis and field inspection for regulatory purposes.

The wetlands polygons included in this data set are extracted from the Land Use 2007 layer. Displayed are all polygons that have a TYPE07 code of 'WETLANDS'. While these wetland delineations are not regulatory lines, they represent important resource data in identifying potential wetland areas. The 2007 LU/LC data set is the fourth in a series of land use mapping efforts that was begun in 1986. Revisions and additions to the initial baseline layer were done in subsequent years from imagery captured in 1995/97, 2002 and 2007. This present 2007 update was created by comparing the 2002 LU/LC layer from NJ DEP's Geographical Information Systems (GIS) database to 2007 color infrared (CIR) imagery and delineating and coding areas of change. Work for this data set was done by Aerial Information Systems, Inc., Redlands, CA, under direction of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Bureau of Geographic Information System (BGIS). LU/LC changes were captured by adding new line work and attribute data for the 2007 land use directly to the base data layer. All 2002 LU/LC polygons and attribute fields remain in this data set, so change analysis for the period 2002-2007 can be undertaken from this one layer. The classification system used was a modified Anderson et al., classification system. An impervious surface (IS) code was also assigned to each LU/LC polygon based on the percentage of impervious surface within each polygon as of 2007. Minimum mapping unit (MMU) is 1 acre. ADVISORY: This metadata file contains information for the 2007Land Use/Land Cover (LU/LC) data sets, which were mapped by Watershed Management Area (WMA). There are additional reference documents listed in this file under Supplemental Information which should also be examined by users of these data sets. As stated in this metadata record's Use Constraints section, NJDEP makes no representations of any kind, including, but not limited to, the warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular use, nor are any such warranties to be implied with respect to the digital data layers furnished hereunder. NJDEP assumes no responsibility to maintain them in any manner or form. By downloading this data, user agrees to the data use constraints listed within this metadata record.

New_Jersey_1971_78_Digitized_Shoreline.zip features a digitized historic shoreline for the New Jersey coastline (Point Pleasant, NJ to Longport, NJ) from 1971 to 1978. Imagery of the New Jersey coastline was acquired from the New Jersey Geographic Information Network (NJGIN) as two images: “1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap” (1971-78) and the “1977 Tidelands Basemaps” (1977-78). These images are available as a web mapping service (WMS) through the NJGIN website (https://njgin.state.nj.us/NJ_NJGINExplorer/jviewer.jsp?pg=wms_instruct). To reduce digitizing error, the imagery was acquired on a hard drive from the NJGIN via personal communication. Using ArcMap 10.3.1, the "1970 NJDEP Wetlands Basemap" was used to delineate and digitize historical foreshore, backshore, mainland, and island shoreline positions, with the “1977 Tidelands Basemaps” being used to fill in missing shorelines and clarify areas of uncertainty from the 1970s imagery. These shorelines were digitized for use in long-term shoreline and wetland analyses for Hurricane Sandy wetland physical change assessment.

Hurricane Sandy, which made landfall on October 29, 2012, near Brigantine, New Jersey, had a significant impact on coastal New Jersey, including the large areas of emergent wetlands at Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) and the Barnegat Bay region. In response to Hurricane Sandy, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has undertaken several projects to assess the impacts of the storm and provide data and scientific analysis to support recovery and restoration efforts. As part of these efforts, the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP) sponsored Coastal National Elevation Database (CoNED) Applications Project in collaboration with the USGS National Geospatial Program (NGP), and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) developed a three-dimensional (3D) 1-meter topobathymetric elevation models (TBDEMs) for the New Jersey/Delaware sub-region including the Delaware Estuary and adjacent coastline. The integrated elevation data are extending the USGS 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) Elevation Dataset within the Hurricane Sandy impact zone to enable the widespread creation of flood, hurricane, and sea-level rise inundation hazard maps. More information on the USGS CoNED project is available at http://topotools.cr.usgs.gov/coned/index.php. The CoNED Applications Project team is also developing new applications for pre- and post-Hurricane Sandy regional lidar datasets for mapping the spatial extent of coastal wetlands. These new methods have been developed to derive detailed land/water polygons for an area in coastal New Jersey, which is dominated by a complex configuration of emergent wetlands and open water. Using pre- and post-Hurricane Sandy lidar data, repeatable geospatial methods were used to map the land/water spatial configuration at a regional scale to complement wetland mapping that uses traditional methods such as photointerpretation and image classification.

In New Jersey, the Legislature decided to incorporate the EPA Priority Wetland List into the Freshwater Wetlands Protection Act and Rules to ensure that the State program complied and is consistent with the federal program. As a result, the New Jersey Freshwater Wetlands Act prohibited the use of certain general permits within areas on this list. Wetlands are identified as EPA priority based on the following factors: 1. Unique habitat for fauna of flora; 2. Unusual or regionally rare wetland types; 3. Ecologically important and under threat of development; 4. Important to surface water systems; 5. critical to protect water supplies; and 6. Valuable for and provide flood "storage capacity. All priority areas are listed by specific geographic area. Specific geographic areas include particular wetland areas with a defined geographic boundary (e.g., Great Piece Meadows) or a particular wetland system with defined boundaries (e.g., wetlands of the Passaic River Basin). Note on dates: Original 1989; Updated 03/1994; Digitized 01/01/2014 to 06/01/2014

These are two land cover datasets derived from Landsat Thematic Mapper and Operational Land Imager (spatial resolution 30-m)Path 014 and Rows 032 and 033 surface reflectance data collected on July 14, 2011 and July 19, 2013, before and after Hurricane Sandy made landfall near Brigantine, New Jersey on October 29, 2012. The two land cover data sets provide a means of evaluating the effect of Hurricane Sandy of data sets collected at times that represent or approach peak vegetation growth. The most accurate results of the land cover classification are based on twelve classes, some of which occur adjacent to the marshes but not on the New Jersey intracoastal marshes. Twelve classes were used in the supervised maximum likelihood classification of the intracoastal marshes, three classes (forested wetlands, unconsolidated beach sediment and urban development areas) which occur only adjacent to the marshes, were masked out on the land cover maps. The twelve classes are based on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP) and the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection 2007 Land Use/Land Cover Data Set classes that could be identified on the Landsat TM surface reflectance bands 3-5 and Landsat OLI surface reflectance bands 4-6, and field work in 2014 and 2015. There is considerable confusion between classes due to the variation in the species and density of cover of vegetation, variation in the composition and density of the vegetation, variation in the composition and amount of the marsh substrate detected by the sensor, and the variation in tidal stage which strongly influences the surface reflectance of the pixel (Kearney et al. 2009). However, the identification of high marsh appears to be accurate based on field work validation. The high marsh contains one-to-three-meter-wide areas of low marsh that border the bays and lagoons and tidal creeks in the marshes, but that are too small to resolve with the Landsat sensors. Kearney, M.S., Stutzer, D.S., Turpie, K., and Stevenson, J.C. (2009) Spectral properties of marsh vegetation under inundation. Journal of Coastal Research 25: 1177-1186.

The Paterson, New Jersey EnviroAtlas Meter-Scale Urban Land Cover (MULC) data comprises approximately 66 km2 around the city of Paterson. The land cover data were generated from United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP) four band (red, green, blue, and near infrared) aerial photography at 1 m pixel size. Imagery was collected in July 2010. Five land cover classes were mapped: water, impervious surfaces, soil and barren land, trees and forest, and grass and herbaceous non-woody vegetation. An accuracy assessment of 500 completely random and 64 stratified random reference points yielded an overall user's accuracy (MAX) of 86.9% and an overall fuzzy user's accuracy (RIGHT) of 92.5%. For more information on our accuracy assessment see the overview section. This dataset was produced by the US EPA to support research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas. EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas) allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the contiguous United States. The dataset is available as downloadable data (https://edg.epa.gov/data/Public/ORD/EnviroAtlas) or as an EnviroAtlas map service. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this dataset can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).

Hurricane Sandy directly hit the Atlantic shoreline of New Jersey during several astronomical high tide cycles in late October, 2012. The eastern seaboard areas are subject to sea level rise and increased severity and frequency of storm events, prompting habitat and land use planning changes. Wetland Aquatic Research Center (WARC) has conducted detailed mapping of marine and estuarine wetlands and deepwater habitats, including beaches and tide flats, and upland land use/land cover, using specially-acquired aerial imagery flown at 1-meter resolution.These efforts will assist the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) continuing endeavors to map the barrier islands adhering to Coastal Barrier Resources Act (CBRA) guidelines. Mapped areas consist of selected federal lands including, National Park Service areas, USFWS National Wildlife Refuges, and selected CBRA Units, including barrier islands and marshes in New York and New Jersey. These vital wetland areas are important for migratory waterfowl and neotropical bird habitats, wildlife food chain support and nurseries for shellfish and finfish populations. Coastal wetlands also play an important function as storm surge buffers. This project includes mapping of dominant estuarine wetland plant species useful for wetland functional analysis and wildlife evaluation and management concerns. It also aims to integrate with and offer updated databases pertinent to: USFWS NWR and NWI programs, NOAA tide flats and beaches data, FEMA flood zone data, Natural Heritage Endangered and Threated Species, watershed management, and state and local land use planning.

Data input files for the paper by EA Ury et al. Managing the global wetland methane-climate feedback: A review of potential options (2024) Global Change BiologyWetland methane emissions from Zhang et al. (2017) and global sulfate deposition map from Rubin et al (2023) were shared with permission from the authors. Historical climate data from WorldClim 2.1 is available from: https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html (Fick and Hijmans 2017). Future climate data is available from the World Climate Research Program through its Working Group on Coupled Modelling at https://www.worldclim.org/data/cmip6/cmip6climate.html (Eyring et al. 2016). Klöppen-Geiger climate zone maps is available on Figshare at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6395666.v1 (Beck et al. 2023a-b) The global wetland map is available from https://zenodo.org/records/7293597 (Fluet-Chouinard et al. 2022, 2023).CitationsBeck, H.E., McVicar, T.R., Vergopolan, N., Berg, A., Lutsko, N. J., Dufour, A., Zeng, Z., Jiang, X., van Dijk, A. I. J. M., & Miralles, D. G. (2023a). High-resolution (1 km) Köppen-Geiger maps for 1901-2099 based on constrained CMIP6 projections. Scientific Data, 10(1), 724. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02549-6Beck, H.E., McVicar, T.R., Vergopolan, N., Berg, A., Lutsko, N. J., Dufour, A., Zeng, Z., Jiang, X., van Dijk, A. I. J. M., & Miralles, D. G. (2023b) High-resolution (1 km) Köppen-Geiger maps for 1901–2099 based on constrained CMIP6 projections. Figshare. Collection https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6395666.v1Eyring, V., Bony, S., Meehl, G.A., Senior, C.A., Stevens, B., Stouffer, R.J., & Taylor, K.E. (2016) Geoscientific Model Development, 9, 1937–1958, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1937-2016Fick, S.E. & Hijmans, R.J. (2017). WorldClim 2: new 1‐km spatial resolution climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology, 37(12), 4302-4315. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5086Fluet-Chouinard, E., Stocker, B.D., Zhang, Z., Malhotra, A., Melton, J.R., Poulter, B., … McIntyre, P.B. G. (2022). Global wetland loss reconstruction over 1700-2020. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7293597Fluet-Chouinard, E., Stocker, B.D., Zhang, Z., Malhotra, A., Melton, J.R., Poulter, B., Kaplan, J.O., Goldewijk, K.K., Siebert, S., Minayeva, T. & Hugelius, G. (2023). Extensive global wetland loss over the past three centuries. Nature, 614(7947), 281-286. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05572-6Rubin, H.J., Fu J.S., Dentener, F., Li, R., Huang, K. & Fu, H. (2023). Global nitrogen and sulfur deposition mapping using a measurement–model fusion approach. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 23(12), 7091–7102. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7091-2023Zhang, Z., Zimmermann, N.E., Stenke, A., Li, X., Hodson, E.L., Zhu, G., … Poulter, B. (2017). Emerging role of wetland methane emissions in driving 21st century climate change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(36), 9647–9652. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1618765114

Hurricane Sandy directly hit the Atlantic shoreline of New Jersey during several astronomical high tide cycles in late October, 2012. The eastern seaboard areas are subject to sea level rise and increased severity and frequency of storm events, prompting habitat and land use planning changes. Wetland Aquatic Research Center (WARC) has conducted detailed mapping of marine and estuarine wetlands and deepwater habitats, including beaches and tide flats, and upland land use/land cover, using specially-acquired aerial imagery flown at 1-meter resolution.These efforts will assist the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) continuing endeavors to map the barrier islands adhering to Coastal Barrier Resources Act (CBRA) guidelines. Mapped areas consist of selected federal lands including, National Park Service areas, USFWS National Wildlife Refuges, and selected CBRA Units, including barrier islands and marshes in New York and New Jersey. These vital wetland areas are important for migratory waterfowl and neotropical bird habitats, wildlife food chain support and nurseries for shellfish and finfish populations. Coastal wetlands also play an important function as storm surge buffers. This project includes mapping of dominant estuarine wetland plant species useful for wetland functional analysis and wildlife evaluation and management concerns. It also aims to integrate with and offer updated databases pertinent to: USFWS NWR and NWI programs, NOAA tide flats and beaches data, FEMA flood zone data, Natural Heritage Endangered and Threated Species, watershed management, and state and local land use planning.

description: Historical shoreline surveys were conducted by the National Ocean Service (NOS), dating back to the early 1800s. The maps resulting from these surveys, often called t-sheets, provide a reference of historical shoreline position that can be compared to modern data to identify shoreline change. The t-sheets are stored at the National Archives and many have been scanned by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and are available on the NOAA Shoreline Web site (http://www.shoreline.noaa.gov/data/datasheets/t-sheets.html). While some scanned t-sheets were georeferenced and digitized by NOAA, still others remain as non-georeferenced raster files (http://nosimagery.noaa.gov/images/shoreline_surveys/survey_scans/NOAA_Shoreline_Survey_Scans.html). New_Jersey_1839_75_Digitized_Shoreline.zip features a digitized historic shoreline for the New Jersey coastline from 1839 to 1875. The data were scanned by NOAA, but were not georeferenced. The t-sheets included in this data release are: T-121 (1839), T-119 Part 1 (1841), T-1084 (1868), T-1166 (1870), T-1333 (1871), T-1315a (1872), T-1371 (1874), T-1407 (1875). Digital files were georeferenced, corrected to a modern datum, and shorelines digitized to provide a vector polyline depicting the historical shoreline position. All shorelines, including the foreshore, backshore, mainland and island shorelines were delineated and digitized for each survey using ArcMap 10.3.1. These shorelines were digitized for use in long-term shoreline and wetland analyses for Hurricane Sandy wetland physical change assessment.; abstract: Historical shoreline surveys were conducted by the National Ocean Service (NOS), dating back to the early 1800s. The maps resulting from these surveys, often called t-sheets, provide a reference of historical shoreline position that can be compared to modern data to identify shoreline change. The t-sheets are stored at the National Archives and many have been scanned by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and are available on the NOAA Shoreline Web site (http://www.shoreline.noaa.gov/data/datasheets/t-sheets.html). While some scanned t-sheets were georeferenced and digitized by NOAA, still others remain as non-georeferenced raster files (http://nosimagery.noaa.gov/images/shoreline_surveys/survey_scans/NOAA_Shoreline_Survey_Scans.html). New_Jersey_1839_75_Digitized_Shoreline.zip features a digitized historic shoreline for the New Jersey coastline from 1839 to 1875. The data were scanned by NOAA, but were not georeferenced. The t-sheets included in this data release are: T-121 (1839), T-119 Part 1 (1841), T-1084 (1868), T-1166 (1870), T-1333 (1871), T-1315a (1872), T-1371 (1874), T-1407 (1875). Digital files were georeferenced, corrected to a modern datum, and shorelines digitized to provide a vector polyline depicting the historical shoreline position. All shorelines, including the foreshore, backshore, mainland and island shorelines were delineated and digitized for each survey using ArcMap 10.3.1. These shorelines were digitized for use in long-term shoreline and wetland analyses for Hurricane Sandy wetland physical change assessment.

description: Assessing the physical change to shorelines and wetlands is critical in determining the resiliency of wetland systems that protect adjacent habitat and communities. The wetland and back-barrier shorelines of New Jersey changed as a result of wave action and storm surge that occurred during Hurricane Sandy, which made landfall on October 29, 2012. The impact of Hurricane Sandy will be assessed and placed in its historical context to understand the future vulnerability of wetland systems. Making these assessments will rely on data extracted from current and historical resources such as maps, aerial photographs, satellite imagery, and lidar elevation data, which document physical changes over time. This USGS Data Series publication includes several open-ocean shorelines, back-island shorelines, back-island shoreline points, sand area polygons, and sand lines for the undeveloped areas of New Jersey that were extracted from orthoimagery (ortho aerial photography) dated from March 9, 1991 to July 30, 2013. This data-set consists of lines that comprise the inland extent of the main body of sand (beach/dune/overwash area) found in the orthoimagery taken on the date specified in the filename and in the "Date_" field in the feature attribute table. They are based on the sand area polygons, nj_sandpo_*.shp, that are included in this Data Series publication and can be accessed via the Data Download page. Orthoimagery of New Jersey were acquired in digital format from U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and New Jersey Geographic Information Network (NJGIN). The following list provides additional details about the orthoimagery used. The sand lines are organized by area with all dates for each area compiled into one data-set (shapefile) named nj_sandln_

This data set contains boundary layers for the Supawna Meadows National Wildlife Refuge in New Jersey.

National Wildlife Refuges are federal lands managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). The primary source for boundary information is the USFWS Realty program (status maps, legal surveys). An effort by the USFWS Region 5 (northeast states - ME,NH,VT, MA, RI, CT, NY, PA, NJ, MD, DE, WV, VA) Realty Division, Cartography and Spatial Data Services Branch has resulted in digital refuge boundaries for all refuges in the northeast at a scale of 1:24,000.

The purpose of this data is to serve as a spatial reference of refuge boundaries for other data layers in GIS and mapping applications. It is specifically not intended to be used as a land survey or representation of land for conveyance or tax purposes.

Status maps were registered to geographic coordinates, boundaries were digitized and labeled. Digital files were updated using survey and collateral data, then stepped through 3 levels of quality-control review for spatial and thematic accuracy.

Refuge boundaries define areas that are approved by U.S. Congress for acquisition into the National Wildlife Refuge System, or are currently owned by USFWS. Arcs are coded with an item "boundary" with the type of boundary line; polygons are coded with an item "status" that describes their ownership status.

[Summary provided by U.S. Fish

Hurricane Sandy directly hit the Atlantic shoreline of New Jersey during several astronomical high tide cycles in late October, 2012. The eastern seaboard areas are subject to sea level rise and increased severity and frequency of storm events, prompting habitat and land use planning changes. Wetland Aquatic Research Center (WARC) has conducted detailed mapping of marine and estuarine wetlands and deepwater habitats, including beaches and tide flats, and upland land use/land cover, using specially-acquired aerial imagery flown at 1-meter resolution.These efforts will assist the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) continuing endeavors to map the barrier islands adhering to Coastal Barrier Resources Act (CBRA) guidelines. Mapped areas consist of selected federal lands including, National Park Service areas, USFWS National Wildlife Refuges, and selected CBRA Units, including barrier islands and marshes in New York and New Jersey. These vital wetland areas are important ...

This data set contains boundary layers for the Brigantine Division of the E.B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge in New Jersey.

National Wildlife Refuges are federal lands managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). The primary source for boundary information is the USFWS Realty program (status maps, legal surveys). An effort by the USFWS Region 5 (northeast states - ME,NH,VT, MA, RI, CT, NY, PA, NJ, MD, DE, WV, VA) Realty Division, Cartography and Spatial Data Services Branch has resulted in digital refuge boundaries for all refuges in the northeast at a scale of 1:24,000.

The purpose of this data is to serve as a spatial reference of refuge boundaries for other data layers in GIS and mapping applications. It is specifically not intended to be used as a land survey or representation of land for conveyance or tax purposes.

Status maps were registered to geographic coordinates, boundaries were digitized and labeled. Digital files were updated using survey and collateral data, then stepped through 3 levels of quality-control review for spatial and thematic accuracy.

[Summary provided by U.S. Fish

Descriptive information about each surface elevation table (SET), including data owner, installation info, coordinates, surveyed relative elevations, and other notes. These are important secondary data that support the data layer “Surface Elevation Table Data”.