Scientific basis and normative data for single-leg balance assessment in athletic populations

Differential analyses on the HS-EBP dimension scores from a normative sample of Spanish physiotherapists.

Bibliometric data in CSV format and R code for analysis of resilience capacities

One-way ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni test to compare the means of the total scores of each of the 6 categories (clusters) concerning the % of time spent on daily practice activities, and weekly working hours.

This paper is concerned with linear time-invariant (LTI) sampled-data systems (by which we mean sampled-data systems with LTI generalised plants and LTI controllers) and studies their H 2 norms from the viewpoint of impulse responses and generalised H 2 norms from the viewpoint of the induced norms from L 2 to L ∞. A new definition of the H 2 norm of LTI sampled-data systems is first introduced through a sort of intermediate standpoint of those for the existing two definitions. We then establish unified treatment of the three definitions of the H 2 norm through a matrix function G(τ) defined on the sampling interval [0, h). This paper next considers the generalised H 2 norms, in which two types of the L ∞ norm of the output are considered as the temporal supremum magnitude under the spatial 2-norm and ∞-norm of a vector-valued function. We further give unified treatment of the generalised H 2 norms through another matrix function F(θ) which is also defined on [0, h). Through a close connection between G(τ) and F(θ), some theoretical relationships between the H 2 and generalised H 2 norms are provided. Furthermore, appropriate extensions associated with the treatment of G(τ) and F(θ) to the closed interval [0, h] are discussed to facilitate numerical computations and comparisons of the H 2 and generalised H 2 norms. Through theoretical and numerical studies, it is shown that the two generalised H 2 norms coincide with neither of the three H 2 norms of LTI sampled-data systems even though all the five definitions coincide with each other when single-output continuous-time LTI systems are considered as a special class of LTI sampled-data systems. To summarise, this paper clarifies that the five control performance measures are mutually related with each other but they are also intrinsically different from each other.

Reliability indicators of HS-EBP questionnaire dimensions and % explained variance for each factor.

Clusters detected using the HS-EBP dimension scores (total sum and 1–10 scale).

Descriptive statistics of factor scores of the HS-EBP questionnaire from the Spanish physiotherapist sample.

Handgrip strength is an important biomarker of healthy ageing and a powerful predictor of future morbidity and mortality both in younger and older populations. Therefore, the measurement of handgrip strength is increasingly used as a simple but efficient screening tool for health vulnerability. This study presents normative reference values for handgrip strength in Germany for use in research and clinical practice. It is the first study to provide normative data across the life course that is stratified by sex, age, and body height. The study used a nationally representative sample of test participants ages 17–90. It was based on pooled data from five waves of the German Socio-Economic Panel (2006–2014) and involved a total of 11,790 persons living in Germany (providing 25,285 observations). Handgrip strength was measured with a Smedley dynamometer. Results showed that peak mean values of handgrip strength are reached in men’s and women’s 30s and 40s after which handgrip strength declines in linear fashion with age. Following published recommendations, the study used a cut-off at 2 SD below the sex-specific peak mean value across the life course to define a ‘weak grip’. Less than 10% of women and men aged 65–69 were classified as weak according to this definition, shares increasing to about half of the population aged 80–90. Based on survival analysis that linked handgrip strength to a relevant outcome, however, a ‘critically weak grip’ that warrants further examination was estimated to commence already at 1 SD below the group-specific mean value.

Bhatia, Lim and Yamazaki obtained results on the norm minimality of the Kubo-Ando Heinz means of positive semidefinite matrices. Namely, they proved that |||A♯αB+A♯1−αB|||≤|||AαB1−α+A1−αBα|||,for α∈(0,1), in the case of the Schatten 1-norm or 2-norm. In this article, we refine these results via the matrix function in the definition of the Rényi divergence. We show that four different types of inequalities hold, under certain conditions, for Schatten 1- and 2-norms.

As a green solvent, temperature-dependent properties of ionic liquids (ILs) are important for their application. The large number of ILs makes experimental measurements of temperature-dependent properties nearly impossible to complete, which drives the development of models for filling in the data gaps. In this work, f(T,I)-QSPR models for refractive index (nD), heat capacity (Cp), surface tension (γ), and thermal conductivity (λ) are developed based on norm indices (Is) and prescreened extensive data sets. Importantly, leave-one-ion-out cross-validation (LOIO-CV) is employed to assess the stability of the QSPR models, ensuring the robust prediction of ILs with new cations and anions. The superiority of the four models is also confirmed by various evaluation means, including external validation, Y-random analysis, and the comparison with results from the literature. Given the satisfactory accuracy, these models will be useful for the rapid screening of IL properties data for the design of environmentally friendly ILs.

Abtract: The objective of this study was to present the theoretical and normative perspectives used to define youth and youth, to retrieve Brazilian research on rural youth, identifying the definition criteria used and the results of the investigations. Methodologically it is a bibliographical research. The results showed that there are several studies on the subject in Brazil, which use different ways of defining rural youth. The focus of Brazilian research is on the problem of rural succession and high rural-urban migration, as well as the search for actions to solve it.

Parameter estimates including marginal means of z-scores/raw means for latent classes.

Means (M), standard deviations (SD), item difficulties (Pi), corrected item-total correlations (rit), and group differences for the F-SozU K-6 items.