In 2022, the share of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia's prison system was 31.8 percent. In the Northern Territory, Indigenous people made up 87 percent of the prisoner population that year.

Sources: [17], [18], [22], [36], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51].

At the 2021 Australian census, 278,043 people in New South Wales were Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander. New South Wales is Australia’s most populated state, also housing Australia’s largest city, Sydney. By comparison, Australia’s second largest state, Victoria, was home to around 66 thousand Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

There are around 800,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia, which represents just over three percent of the Australian population. Indigenous people are often referred to as Australia's first people or the traditional custodians of the land in recognition of their ancestors inhabiting Australia more than 60,000 years ago. Australia's Indigenous peoples are represented by two distinct groups. Aboriginal people come from the Australian mainland. Torres Strait Islander people inhabit the group of Islands between the northern tip of Queensland and Papua New Guinea and represent less than 40,000 people.

Closing the gap

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples experience significantly poorer health and wellbeing outcomes when compared to their non-Indigenous Australian counterparts. The average life expectancy of Indigenous Australians is around eight years shorter than that of the non-Indigenous population. In education, Indigenous Australians are also underrepresented, but attendance rates are improving and in 2019, full-time Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students numbered well over 200,000 people.

BackgroundThe Indigenous population of Australia suffers considerable disadvantage across a wide range of socio-economic indicators, and is therefore the focus of many policy initiatives attempting to ‘close the gap’ between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. Unfortunately, past population estimates have proved unreliable as denominators for these indicators. The aim of the paper is to contribute more robust estimates for the Northern Territory Indigenous population for the period 1966–2011, and hence estimate one of the most important of socio-economic indicators, life expectancy at birth.MethodA consistent time series of population estimates from 1966 to 2011, based off the more reliable 2011 official population estimates, was created by a mix of reverse and forward cohort survival. Adjustments were made to ensure sensible sex ratios and consistency with recent birth registrations. Standard life table methods were employed to estimate life expectancy. Drawing on an approach from probabilistic forecasting, confidence intervals surrounding population numbers and life expectancies were estimated.ResultsThe Northern Territory Indigenous population in 1966 numbered between 23,800 and 26,100, compared to between 66,100 and 73,200 in 2011. In 1966–71 Indigenous life expectancy at birth lay between 49.1 and 56.9 years for males and between 49.7 and 57.9 years for females, whilst by 2006–11 it had increased to between 60.5 and 66.2 years for males and between 65.4 and 70.8 for females. Over the last 40 years the gap with all-Australian life expectancy has not narrowed, fluctuating at about 17 years for both males and females. Whilst considerable progress has been made in closing the gap in under-five mortality, at most other ages the mortality rate differential has increased.ConclusionsA huge public health challenge remains. Efforts need to be redoubled to reduce the large gap in life expectancy between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians.

In 2021 in Australia, 58.5 percent of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people living in the Northern Territory used an Australian Indigenous language at home. In contrast, only 0.6 percent of Indigenous people living in Tasmania spoke an Australian Indigenous language at home.

The report provides statistics on all cancers and each cancer site or site group for the entire NT population; for males and females; and for Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations. Equivalent summary statistics for the total Australian population are included for comparison. To allow comparison within the NT population and with the wider Australian population, the incidence and mortality rates are age-adjusted because the age distribution of the NT population is much younger than the total Australian population. Statistical modelling analysis is used to investigate trends of cancer incidence and mortality over time.

LGA based data for Selected Person Characteristics by Indigenous Status by Sex, in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Profile (ATSIP), 2016 Census. Count of persons. The dataset includes …Show full descriptionLGA based data for Selected Person Characteristics by Indigenous Status by Sex, in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Profile (ATSIP), 2016 Census. Count of persons. The dataset includes the following characteristics: age bracket, location on census night, language spoken at home, English proficiency, Religion, age bracket of those attending an educational institution, highest year level of schooling complete and type of usual residence. I01 is also broken up into 3 sections (I01a – I01c), this section contains ' Visitor from Different SA2 in Northern Territory Indigenous status not stated Persons’ - ' Highest year of school completed Year 10 or equivalent Non-Indigenous Males’. The data is by LGA 2016 boundaries. Periodicity: 5-Yearly. Note: There are small random adjustments made to all cell values to protect the confidentiality of data. These adjustments may cause the sum of rows or columns to differ by small amounts from table totals. For more information visit the data source: http://www.abs.gov.au/census. Copyright attribution: Government of the Commonwealth of Australia - Australian Bureau of Statistics, (2017): ; accessed from AURIN on 12/16/2021. Licence type: Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia (CC BY 2.5 AU)

SA4 based data for Selected Person Characteristics by Indigenous Status by Sex, in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Profile (ATSIP), 2016 Census. Count of persons. The dataset includes …Show full descriptionSA4 based data for Selected Person Characteristics by Indigenous Status by Sex, in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Profile (ATSIP), 2016 Census. Count of persons. The dataset includes the following characteristics: age bracket, location on census night, language spoken at home, English proficiency, Religion, age bracket of those attending an educational institution, highest year level of schooling complete and type of usual residence. I01 is also broken up into 3 sections (I01a – I01c), this section contains ' Visitor from Different SA2 in Northern Territory Indigenous status not stated Persons’ - ' Highest year of school completed Year 10 or equivalent Non-Indigenous Males’. The data is by SA4 2016 boundaries. Periodicity: 5-Yearly. Note: There are small random adjustments made to all cell values to protect the confidentiality of data. These adjustments may cause the sum of rows or columns to differ by small amounts from table totals. For more information visit the data source: http://www.abs.gov.au/census. Copyright attribution: Government of the Commonwealth of Australia - Australian Bureau of Statistics, (2017): ; accessed from AURIN on 12/3/2020. Licence type: Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia (CC BY 2.5 AU)

Here we provide a catalogue of variants called after sequencing the exomes of 50 Aboriginal individuals from the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia and compare these to 72 previously published exomes from a Western Australian (WA) population of Martu origin. Sequence data for both NT and WA samples were processed using an ‘intersect-then-combine’ (ITC) approach, using GATK and SAMtools to call variants. The data is provided as 2 VCF files, one for the WA population and one for the NT population.

In financial year 2023, the number of Indigenous people who received assistance from a homelessness agency in the Northern Territory, Australia was around 7.8 thousand. This represented an increase from financial year 2014, when about 5.2 thousand Indigenous people received services from a homelessness agency in the territory.

SA2 based data for Selected Person Characteristics by Indigenous Status by Sex, in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Profile (ATSIP), 2016 Census. Count of persons. The dataset includes …Show full descriptionSA2 based data for Selected Person Characteristics by Indigenous Status by Sex, in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Profile (ATSIP), 2016 Census. Count of persons. The dataset includes the following characteristics: age bracket, location on census night, language spoken at home, English proficiency, Religion, age bracket of those attending an educational institution, highest year level of schooling complete and type of usual residence. I01 is also broken up into 3 sections (I01a – I01c), this section contains 'Total persons Aboriginal and or Torres Strait Islander Males’ - 'Visitor from Different SA2 in Northern Territory Indigenous status not stated Females’. The data is by SA2 2016 boundaries. Periodicity: 5-Yearly. Note: There are small random adjustments made to all cell values to protect the confidentiality of data. These adjustments may cause the sum of rows or columns to differ by small amounts from table totals. For more information visit the data source: http://www.abs.gov.au/census. Copyright attribution: Government of the Commonwealth of Australia - Australian Bureau of Statistics, (2017): ; accessed from AURIN on 12/3/2020. Licence type: Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia (CC BY 2.5 AU)

In 2021, 24.3 percent of First Nations people aged 20 to 64 living in the Australian Capital Territory of Australia had a Bachelor degree in Australia. The national average for all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders was 9.8 percent. Just four percent of First Nations people living in the Northern Territory had a bachelor degree as of 2021.

Australia uses the Montreal Process framework of criteria and indicators for reporting progress towards sustainable forest management. This includes reporting on the area of Australia's forest over …Show full descriptionAustralia uses the Montreal Process framework of criteria and indicators for reporting progress towards sustainable forest management. This includes reporting on the area of Australia's forest over which Indigenous people have use and rights, as recognised through formal and informal management regimes. The term Indigenous is used to refer to Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Consultation with Indigenous stakeholders under the National Indigenous Forestry Strategy indicated a need for a dataset describing the variety of management arrangements for forest on Indigenous land. A new national spatial dataset of forested and non-forested land that is owned or managed by Australia's Indigenous communities, or over which Indigenous people have use and right, was therefore compiled in the National Forest Inventory from information supplied by Australian, state and territory governments and other statutory authorities with Indigenous land management interests. This dataset was then intersected with Australia's 2011 forest cover, to create a spatial dataset which was used to describe and map Australia's Indigenous forest estate. Four nationally consistent categories were created to represent the range of types of access, use and management that Indigenous people have in regards to land: Indigenous owned and managed; Indigenous managed; Indigenous co-managed; and Other special rights. These categories were used for reporting in Australia's State of the Forests Report 2013 the area of Australia's forest over which Indigenous people have use and rights. A total of 41 million hectares of forest were identified across these four Indigenous management categories. About three-quarters of this Indigenous forest estate is in Queensland and the Northern Territory. The spatial data underlying these area figures were then published as the Australia's Indigenous forest estate (2013) dataset. This dataset is a significant advance in describing Indigenous use of forest land and involvement in natural resource management. For the first time, a comprehensive national description of the forest areas over which Indigenous people have ownership, management or special rights is available.

Abstract

This dataset and its metadata statement were supplied to the Bioregional Assessment Programme by a third party and are presented here as originally supplied.

This database contains current and historical names for roads, parks, cemeteries, features (mountains / streams / waterholes etc), localities (suburbs and localities), Aboriginal Communities together with the origin of the name, gazettal information and location.

Purpose

As an anno-text layer for addition to mapping production. To provide current and historical names for roads, parks, cemeteries, features (mountains / streams / waterholes etc), localities (suburbs and localities), Aboriginal Communities together with the origin of the name, gazettal information and location.

Dataset History

Derived through the Northern Territory Government, Department of Lands, Planning and the Environment www.ntlis.nt.gov.au., as follows; Place Names Register contains all place names approved by a Minister (or Administrator) since 1945 when the original Nomeclature Ordince was passed. Original data extracted from National Mapping's Master Names file; data is being updated by the checking of all current and historical map sheets / plans.

Dataset Citation

SA Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources (2015) Major Aboriginal Communities - PED. Bioregional Assessment Source Dataset. Viewed 12 October 2016, http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/9bcd3f0f-5dec-4403-9d6c-79f405b3b6cb.

In 2021, over 35 thousand Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people living in the Northern Territory in Australia used an Australian Indigenous language at home. In contrast, less than 200 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people living in Tasmania used an Australian Indigenous language at home.

The inalienable Aboriginal freehold lands data set represents boundary and attribute information for land parcels, granted to incorporated Aboriginal groups through the Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act of 1976, which are greater than 40 hectares. Aboriginal land is private property owned under special freehold title. It is inalienable, meaning it cannot be bought, acquired, or forfeited. The inalienable Aboriginal freehold is granted as a communal title (where land is held collectively by a group, rather than by individuals), and is the strongest form of title in Australia. This title gives Aboriginal groups the power to control the direction and pace of development on their land. The data set only includes Aboriginal lands that are officially registered.

This dataset presents the footprint of the percentage of adults who saw three or more health professionals for the same condition in the preceding 12 months. The data spans the years of 2014-2017 and is aggregated to 2015 Department of Health Primary Health Network (PHN) areas, based on the 2011 Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS).

The data is sourced from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2016-17 Patient Experience Survey, collected between 1 July 2016 and 30 June 2017. It also includes data from previous Patient Experience Surveys conducted in 2013-14, 2014-15 and 2015-16. The Patient Experience Survey is conducted annually by the ABS and collects information from a representative sample of the Australian population. The Patient Experience Survey is one of several components of the Multipurpose Household Survey, as a supplement to the monthly Labour Force Survey. The Patient Experience Survey collects data on persons aged 15 years and over, who are referred to as adults for this data collection.

For further information about this dataset, visit the data source:Australian Institute of Health and Welfare - Patient experiences in Australia Data Tables.

Please note:

• AURIN has spatially enabled the original data using the Department of Health - PHN Areas.

• Percentages are calculated based on counts that have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to avoid the release of confidential data.

• As an indication of the accuracy of estimates, 95% confidence intervals were produced. These were calculated by the ABS using standard error estimates of the proportion.

• Some of the patient experience measures for 2016-17 have age-standardised rates presented. Age-standardised rates are hypothetical rates that would have been observed if the populations studied had the same age distribution as the standard population.

• Crude rates are provided for all years. They should be used for understanding the patterns of actual service use or level of experience in a particular PHN.

• The Patient Experience Survey excludes persons aged less than 15 years, persons living in non-private dwellings and the Indigenous Community Strata (encompassing discrete Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities).

• Data for Northern Territory should be interpreted with caution as the Patient Experience Survey excluded the Indigenous Community Strata, which comprises around 25% of the estimated resident population of the Northern Territory living in private dwellings.

• NP - Not available for publication. The estimate is considered to be unreliable. Values assigned to NP in the original data have been set to null.

Auto-ethnographic research at land defence encampments on Wet'suwet'en land in Northern British Columbia, Canada. Research included media analysis, historical research, and participant observation from 2018-2022. Indigenous peoples are developing novel social mechanisms to deal with rapid change and emerging conflicts, including land resettlement, language revitalization and traditional skill-building. However, we know little about the processes and contexts from which these strategies arise. This project will use a case study from the Northwest Coast of North America to evaluate how Indigenous communities socially and culturally adapt to conflicts over sovereignty, land use and access. This research aims to document the new social networks that emerge in these contexts and how they contribute to Indigenous resiliency. To understand the opportunities and consequences of emerging networks, this project will (1) document the socio-cultural norms that emerge amidst Indigenous resettlement of traditional territories; (2) identify types of social networks that develop; (3) evaluate connections between these new networks and gender, race, and economic factors. The ultimate objective is to trace community networks and evaluate their impacts on Indigenous resilience, an issue with broad implications for Arctic Indigenous communities.

After a century of fire suppression and accumulating fuel loads in North American forests, prescribed burns are increasingly used to prevent conditions leading to catastrophic megafire. There is widespread evidence that prescribed fire was used by Indigenous communities to manage natural and cultural resources tribes for thousands of years. Wildlife habitat is an example of an ecological response that was actively managed with prescribed burns by Indigenous American peoples and is an important factor in western U.S. forest management planning, restoration and climate resilience efforts. We analyzed the effects of modern prescribed burns informed by traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) on the predicted change in elk winter habitat in Karuk aboriginal territory in Northern California between 2013 and 2018 using species distribution and simultaneous autoregressive modeling techniques. Burn types most closely resembling Karuk traditional practices, specifically those incorporating multiple-year broadcast burns, had significant positive effects on elk winter habitat suitability. Conversely, concentrated burns focused solely on reducing fuel loads had significant negative effects on elk winter habitat suitability. However, areas where these fuel-reduction burns were combined with multiple years of broadcast burns featured the highest increases in habitat. Our results suggest that transitioning to prescribed burns that more closely follow Karuk TEK will promote elk habitat in the region. This would be best achieved through continuing to work closely with Indigenous representatives to plan and implement cultural fire prescriptions on a landscape-scale, a trend we posit would benefit environmental management efforts across the globe. Methods The methods used for collecting this dataset are described in detail in the associated manuscript. Some processing of environmetal rasters has been done to standardize projections and cell sizes.

BackgroundSkin sores caused by Group A streptococcus (GAS) infection are a major public health problem in remote Aboriginal communities. Skin sores are often associated with scabies, which is evident in scabies intervention programs where a significant reduction of skin sores is seen after focusing solely on scabies control. Our study quantifies the strength of association between skin sores and scabies among Aboriginal children from the East Arnhem region in the Northern Territory.Methods and resultsPre-existing datasets from three published studies, which were conducted as part of the East Arnhem Healthy Skin Project (EAHSP), were analysed. Aboriginal children were followed from birth up to 4.5 years of age. Self-controlled case series design was used to determine the risks, within individuals, of developing skin sores when infected with scabies versus when there was no scabies infection. Participants were 11.9 times more likely to develop skin sores when infected with scabies compared with times when no scabies infection was evident (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) 11.9; 95% CI 10.3–13.7; p1 year (IRR 0.8; 95% CI 0.7–0.9).ConclusionThe association between scabies and skin sores is highly significant and indicates a causal relationship. The public health importance of scabies in northern Australia is underappreciated and a concerted approach is required to recognise and eliminate scabies as an important precursor of skin sores.