Overview over all prescription drugs dispensed from pharmacies in Norway. Drugs used in hospitals, nursing homes and for animals are also included

Abstract The Norwegian Endurance Athlete ECG Database contains 12-lead ECG recordings from 28 elite athletes from various sports in Norway. All recordings are 10 seconds resting ECGs recorded with a General Electric (GE) MAC VUE 360 electrocardiograph. All ECGs are interpreted with both the GE Marquette SL12 algorithm (version 23 (v243)) and one cardiologist with training in interpretation of athlete's ECG. The data was collected at the University of Oslo in February and March 2020.

Background Athletes often have increased thickness in the left ventricular wall and extended chambers in both the left and right ventricle compared to untrained people at the same age [1]. These changes occur as a result of the heart adapting to large amounts of exercise. These changes can be seen on an echocardiogram, but the changes also give electrical manifestations that can be observed on an electrocardiogram (ECG). Even if these changes are considered healthy, they can be confused with pathological changes that are related to sudden cardiac death (SCD) [2]. In addition, studies show that the incidence of SCD is higher in athletes than in non-athletes of the same age [3,4]. Current measures and procedures for detecting athletes with an increased risk of SCD are characterized by low accuracy and low precision. This emphasizes that ECG interpretation of athletes is an area that requires increased focus.

Methods Twenty-eight healthy athletes were recruited for this study. 19 (68%) of the participants were men and 9 (32%) were women. Participant's ages ranged from 20 to 43 years (Mean = 25 years, standard deviation = 4.7 years). The distribution among sports was 24 rowers (86%), 2 kayakers (7%) and 2 cyclists (7%). The average amount of training hours for 2017 was 822 hours with a standard deviation of 117 hours, in 2018 the average amount of training was 820 hours with a standard deviation of 113 hours and in 2019 the average amount of training was 798 hours with a standard deviation of 171 hours.

The study protocol and consent form were approved by the Norwegian Centre for Research Data (application ID: 389013) and the University of Oslo, and the ethical considerations were approved by the Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research Ethics (application ID: 51205). All participants were informed and gave written consent before the test was initiated, they also agreed to have their ECG shared in an open database after the project was finished. The test subjects were lying horizontally on a bed, relaxing, while electrodes were attached to perform a 12-lead ECG recording. The recordings were performed as a standard 10 seconds resting ECG. The device used was a GE MAC VUE 360. The device's built-in interpretation algorithm, Marquette 12SL (version 23 (v243)), performed automatic interpretation of all ECGs.

All ECG recordings were examined by a cardiologist, with specialization in athletes' hearts, after the recordings were completed. The cardiologist interpreted the ECGs according to the international criteria for ECG interpretation of athletes.

Data Description Each of the 28 waveform files consists of 12 arrays, representing the twelve leads. The ECGs were obtained using a General Electric (GE) MAC VUE 360 electrocardiograph and interpreted using the built-in ECGs are GE Marquette SL12 algorithm (version 23 (v243)) and a cardiologist with training in interpretation of athlete's ECG.

The waveform files are stored in .dat -files with a corresponding .hea file containing all the metadata. This file formats are compatible with the Python WaveForm DataBase (WFDB) package and this makes it easy to import the data.

All ECG waveforms are sampled and stored with a sampling frequency of 500Hz and a length of 5000 samples (10 seconds). The header file contains information about the total amount of leads, samples per lead and additional information about each lead. The last two lines in the header file contains the diagnose given by the Marquette SL12 (SL12) algorithm and the cardiologist (C). ``` ath_001 12 500 5000 ath_001.dat 16 50000/mV 16 0 10251 49595 0 I ath_001.dat 16 50000/mV 16 0 -1096 35223 0 II ath_001.dat 16 50000/mV 16 0 -10267 60826 0 III ath_001.dat 16 50000/mV 16 0 -3724 3505 0 AVR ath_001.dat 16 50000/mV 16 0 9391 26379 0 AVL ath_001.dat 16 50000/mV 16 0 -5395 57481 0 AVF ath_001.dat 16 50000/mV 16 0 13580 61759 0 V1 ath_001.dat 16 50000/mV 16 0 11410 33501 0 V2 ath_001.dat 16 50000/mV 16 0 14721 52508 0 V3 ath_001.dat 16 50000/mV 16 0 16103 51083 0 V4 ath_001.dat 16 50000/mV 16 0 6662 44197 0 V5 ath_001.dat 16 50000/mV 16 0 -3806 11333 0 V6

SL12: sinus bradycardia with marked sinus arrhythmia, Right Axis Deviation, Borderline ECG C: Sinus arrhythmia, Normal ECG ```

Usage Notes The intended use of this database is for the development of better algorithms designed to make better diagnostics for athletes based on ECG. One of the unique features of this database is that the ECGs are annotated by both a trained cardiologist and by a state-of-the-art ECG software (GE Marquette SL12).

To get started in Python you can use this code to import the ECG-signals and metadata ``` import wfdb import numpy as np import os

directory = "./your/directory/" ECGs = [] for ecgfilename in sorted(os.listdir(directory )): if ecgfilename.endswith(".dat"): ecg = wfdb.rdsamp(directory + ecgfilename.split(".")[0]) ECGs.append(ecg) ECGs = np.asarray(ECGs) ``` The numpy array (ECGs) now contains all ECG signals and metadata.

Despite the fact that the measurements were taken from top-trained athletes it is not confirmed whether they had athletic remodeling of the heart or not. No echocardiographic or other examinations were performed to investigate the structure of the heart.

Release Notes 1.0.0 Initial release of the dataset.

Ethics The authors declare no ethics concerns.

Acknowledgements I will thank Professor Emeritus Knut Gjessdal for providing his medical expertise and interpreting all of the ECGs. This work was done at the University of Oslo and I will thank Professor Ørjan Grrøttem Martinsen for providing appropriate facilities for ECG measurements.

Other data providers sharing occurence data via the Norwegian Species Map Service. These providers allow Nbic to share their data as they do not provide their own IPT servide. Providers: Following databases/datasets from the Norwegian Environment Agency (http://www.miljodirektoratet.no/): Predator database, water species database, naturedatabase and salmon registry. From Sustain.no (http://www.miljolare.no/en/) following databases/datasets: Alien species, plants, butterflies, earthworms, snails, water species, garden birds, coastal species, ponds species and steam species.

The registry contains information on bills from health services, which have been reimbursed to patients by the state.

Data from the Norwegian breeding bird monitoring scheme from 2006 up until today. The project is carried out in cooperation between BirdLife Norway, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) and the Norwegian Environment Agency, and is the most important project for monitoring population trends for Norwegian bird species on land.

This study contains election and census data for 732 Norwegian communes in the period 1949-1961. Election returns are available for the elections of 1949, 1953, 1957, and 1961. In addition, data from the censuses of 1950 and 1960 are presented, including information on demography, education, modernization, the economy, and occupational structure, and contextual information about clusters of neighboring communes. Data are provided on the total number of registered voters and the total number of votes cast for the Norwegian Communist Party, the Norwegian Labour Party, the Liberal Party (Venstre), the Christian People's Party, the Agrarian Party (the Centre Party), the Conservative Party (Hoyre), and other political parties. Additional variables provide information on age and educational levels for males and females, the total number of economically active population employed in agriculture, forestry, fisheries, manufacturing, and construction, the total value of industrial production, and the total number of private households and occupied housing units.

The Norway Data Center Market report segments the industry into Hotspot (Oslo, Vestland, Rest of Norway), Data Center Size (Large, Massive, Medium, Mega, Small), Tier Type (Tier 1 and 2, Tier 3, Tier 4), and Absorption (Non-Utilized, Utilized). This report provides historical market data and future forecasts for five years.

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Norway Registered Unemployment: Construction data was reported at 5,384.000 Person in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5,539.000 Person for Sep 2018. Norway Registered Unemployment: Construction data is updated monthly, averaging 7,630.500 Person from Dec 2000 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 214 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14,053.000 Person in Feb 2010 and a record low of 2,841.000 Person in Sep 2007. Norway Registered Unemployment: Construction data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by The Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Norway – Table NO.G021: Registered Unemployment: Norwegian Labour and Welfare Organization: by Profession and Region .

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