In 2023, over eight million Israelis traveled internationally by air. This accounted for about 89 percent of all outbound travel of citizens from the country. In comparison, only 877,000 crossed land borders and about 148,000 traveled by sea.

As of 2024, the population of Israel reached about 9.8 million permanent residents in total. About 7.7 million were registered as Jews or other non-Arab populations. Furthermore, some 2.1 million Arabs lived in the country.

In 2023, border authorities registered over nine million international departures of Israeli citizens. This was a moderate increase from the previous year, and the highest rate since 2019. During the observed period, the number of departures consistently increased, until a sharp down turn in 2020 during the coronavirus pandemic. The number of departures fell to about 1.5 million that year. Flights most preferred way to travel Flying remains the This spending reached over 2.3 billion U.S. dollars in 2023. New destinations after the Abraham Accords The Abraham Accords, signed in 2020 between Israel and the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain, led not only to the normalization of diplomatic relations between the countries, but also to the launch of direct flights between Tel Aviv and Dubai. Israelis are eagerly exploring these new destinations following marketing campaigns and due to their luxury offerings.

Israel's population is aging steadily, with the median age projected to rise from 29 years in 2020 to 32 years by 2050. This demographic shift reflects global trends of increasing life expectancy and declining birth rates, though Israel maintained a relatively young population compared to many developed nations. The country's unique religious and cultural makeup contributed to regional variations in age distribution, presenting both opportunities and challenges for policymakers. Which region has the oldest population? As of 2023, over a quarter of Israelis were under the age of 14 years. The largest age group in the country being four-year olds and below. Interestingly, significant regional differences existed within the country when it came to age distribution and aging. While the median age in the Jerusalem district was below 24, Tel Aviv was the oldest region with an average age of over 34 years, highlighting significant demographic variations across different areas. How does religion influence demographics? Religious affiliation played a role in Israel's age structure and demographics. Muslims are the youngest religious group with a median age of 24 years, while Christians of Arab ethnicity are the oldest, at 35 years. Jews, the largest religious-ethnic group, had a median age of almost 32 years, but within the Jewish demographic, age and fertility varied greatly between people based on religiosity. These differences play a significant role in the country's population and future growth patterns.

In 2023, border authorities in Israel registered about 1.1 million Israelis aged 65 and older travelling overseas. This amounted to almost 12 percent of all travelers that year. Additionally, approximately 1.7 million middle-aged adults aged 40 to 49 visited abroad. Overall, the number of international departures in 2023 neared pre-coronavirus pandemic levels.

As of October 2023, the total number of Japanese residents living in Israel and the Gaza Strip amounted to approximately 1.27 thousand people, the highest number of the past decade. Over the course of the observed period, the Japanese population size has been on a general upward trend in the region.The statistic, which is based on the information gathered by Japanese diplomatic missions abroad, does not include descendants of Japanese emigrants (nikkeijin) who do not hold Japanese citizenship. People with multiple citizenship are counted.

In 2022, the average number of people per household in the city of Bnei Brak in Israel was 4.37. This city topped the list of people per household among large cities in Israel (200,000 or more people). In comparison, the national average number of people per household was 3.19, which put Bnei Brak, a city with a predominantly Orthodox Jewish population. The city of Tel Aviv-Yafo ends the list with an average of 2.21 persons per household.

In 2024, more than 24,500 people migrated from Europe to Israel. It was the continent with the highest number of individuals immigrating to Israel, followed by America and Oceania with over 4,300 people. In contrast, 363 immigrants in Israel arrived from the African continent. As of 2023, the Russian Federation was the country of origin for the majority of immigrants to Israel.

Jerusalem was the largest city in Israel with over one million inhabitants as of the end of 2024. It was followed by Tel Aviv with almost half a million residents. Haifa was the third-largest city in the country, with just under 300,000 inhabitants.

In 2023, over 46,000 new immigrants arrived in Israel from over 50 countries. Among all incoming immigrants that year, over 70 percent previously resided in Russia, six percent in former USSR countries, and five percent arrived from Ukraine. Jewish diaspora immigration to Israel increased recently due to the influx of Russian and Ukrainian citizens fleeing their countries following Russia's invasion of Ukraine.

At the end of 2023, the population of Israel reached almost 9.7 million permanent residents. Jewish residents formed the largest religious group, with just over 7.15 million people. The Muslim population in the country, formed the largest religious minority at over 1.7 million individuals. Conversely, the smallest religious group was that of the Druze with about 151,000 people.

In 2024, the number of Jewish immigrants that entered Israel, and naturalized under the Law of Return, reached just over 29,000 people. This figure was down from the previous year, with about 42,700 new migrants. Jewish immigration into Israel increased significantly in 2022 due to the influx of Russian and Ukrainian citizens escaping war following Russia's invasion of Ukraine. This event is reminiscent of a major wave of Jewish immigration between the early 1990s and early 2000s following the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Since the terrorist organization Hamas launched its attacks on Israeli soil on October 7, 2023, around 1,200 Israelis died, and 5,431 were injured. Through retaliation attacks by the Israeli armed forces against Hamas in Gaza, 47,540 Palestinians were killed, and 111,618 were injured. As of January 2025, the number of Palestinian deaths in the West Bank was 1,004, due to the on going conflict. Information on the data situation Data on the number of fatalities and injuries are based on the UNOCHA (United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs) reporting by both parties to the conflict. The respective data sources were named for the purpose of transparency. It must be stated that in the case of wars and other conflicts, objective data collection is almost impossible, and reports are based on estimates. At the same time, it needs to be noted that some parties to the conflict may use numbers and data selectively for their own agenda. Hamas attacks on Israel on October 7th, 2023 Before October 2023, there had been four wars between Israel and Hamas. The current conflict is already the deadliest, and the death toll is certain to rise. The new escalation of violence in the Middle East started after the militant Palestinian group Hamas attacked Israel in the early hours of October 7, 2023. An estimated 2,200 rockets were fired by Hamas from Gaza toward Israeli targets, hitting civilian buildings and military facilities. Hamas fighters entered the Israeli territory, killing around 1,200 of Israeli citizens. In the weeks that followed, the Israeli military conducted an aerial bombardment and launched a ground offensive in Gaza. Humanitarian pauses allowed aid to get into Gaza, but fighting has continued since a weeklong cease-fire ended on December 1, 2023. Operation Iron Swords and the humanitarian situation of Gaza Initially, Israel reacted to the Hamas attacks with further isolation of the Gaza Strip, cutting off the supply of electricity, fuel, and drinking water. As of November 6, 2023, water supply to parts of the Gaza Strip has been resumed. The Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) summoned the Palestinians to evacuate the northern part of the Gaza Strip towards the south of Gaza in the direction of the Egyptian border. This affects around 1.93 million people out of the 2.06 million inhabitants of Gaza. According to the UN, over one million people are internally displaced inside the Gaza Strip. Some trucks with relief supplies could infrequently enter the territory via the Rafah border from Egypt. This Israeli military operation is one of the longest-lasting in Gaza, and over 6,000 bombs were already dropped by the IDF.

Israel's employment landscape in 2023 reveals education as a leading sector, employing over 540,000 people. This prominence in education aligns with the country's projected growth in student enrollment, expected to double by 2060. The health and social work sector follows closely, employing just over 500,000 Israelis, reflecting the nation's expansive healthcare system and mandatory insurance policy. Labor force participation and unemployment trends The strong employment figures in education and healthcare are part of a broader trend in Israel's labor market. In 2023, labor force participation reached approximately 67 percent for men and 60 percent for women aged 15 and older. Concurrently, the country experienced a decrease in unemployment, reaching its lowest rate in recent years. This positive trend extended to youth unemployment, which also declined by 0.7 percentage points compared to the previous year. High-tech sector hiring slows While education and healthcare dominate employment figures, Israel's important technology industry continues to grow, albeit at a slower pace. In 2023, the sector added about 10,000 workers, reaching nearly 400,000 employees. However, this represented a significant drop in new hiring compared to the previous year. Factors such as a slowing of global venture capital markets and a controversial government-led judicial reform impacted the industry's expansion.

In 2021, the Central district recorded the highest number of unemployed people among the districts of Israel, with 50,300 people. Tel Aviv district followed, with 36,100 unemployed residents. On the other hand, Israeli settlements in the West Bank, recorded the lowest number of unemployed population, 8,100 people.

As of 2023, the Central district was the most populated region in Israel, with some 2.4 million inhabitants. The Northern and Tel Aviv districts followed, with approximately 1.6 million and 1.5 million people, respectively. On the other hand, Israeli localities in the West Bank, recorded the lowest number of permanent residents that year of 504,700 people.

The total population in Israel was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total one million people (+10.06 percent). After the tenth consecutive increasing year, the total population is estimated to reach 10.93 million people and therefore a new peak in 2029. Notably, the total population was continuously increasing over the past years.This indicator describes the total population in the country at hand. This total population of the country consists of all persons falling within the scope of the census.Find more key insights for the total population in countries like Lebanon, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia.

In 2024, some 4,800 people aged 35 to 44 years immigrated to Israel. This was the highest, compared to the other age groups moving to the country. Immigrants between the ages of 45 and 54 years followed, with over 4,150 people. In contrast, among people aged 75 or older, the number of immigrants was the lowest, with just over 1,200 people.

As of January 14, 2025, the UN estimated that around 1.9 million refugees are currently sheltered in school buildings operated by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA). Around 90 percent of Gaza's total population has been displaced due to the ongoing conflict. This was caused by attacks of radical Islamic Hamas' attacks on Israeli territory and the consequent counterstrikes of the Israeli military. Hamas attacks on Israel on October 7, 2023 The radical Islamic Palestinian terror organization Hamas attacked Israel in the early hours of October 7, 2023, on Sabbath - the Jewish day of rest. This strategic attack from Gaza was directed towards Israeli civilians and armed forces. An estimated 2,200 rockets were fired by Hamas from Gaza toward Israeli targets, hitting civilian buildings and military facilities. Hamas fighters entered the Israeli territory, killing around 1,200 of Israeli citizens. In the weeks that followed, the Israeli military conducted an aerial bombardment and launched a ground offensive in Gaza. Humanitarian pauses allowed aid to get into Gaza, but fighting has continued since a weeklong cease-fire ended on December 1, 2023. The attacks resulted in a massive escalation of the Middle Eastern conflict, which pushed a political solution further away. The number of civilian casualties in Gaza and Israel is rising each day the conflict continues. Humanitarian situation in Gaza Following Hamas' attacks on Israel, the Israeli military responded with airstrikes against positions of Hamas in the Gaza Strip and cut the region's supply. The Israeli military warned parts of Gaza about their air strikes and urged the population to leave their houses and seek refuge in the centers. Israel isolated the Gaza Strip from the outside world and stopped the supply of electricity, food, and fuel. On October 13, 2023, Israel prompted the Palestinian population of Gaza to vacate the region of northern Gaza. Around one million of the 2.06 million Gazans dwelled in northern Gaza in high density. About half of the Gazan population is underaged. Since the terrorist organization Hamas launched its attacks on Israeli soil on October 7, 2023, around 1,200 Israelis have died, and 5,431 have been injured. Through retaliation attacks by the Israeli armed forces against Hamas in Gaza, over 47 thousand Palestinians have died, and around 99 thousand have been injured. There were 1,004 confirmed Palestinians killed in the Westbank through the ongoing conflict. Hamas's attack on Israel was the deadliest so far.

In 2023, the Central district recorded the highest number of employed people among the districts of Israel, with some 1.2 million workers. Tel Aviv district followed, with over roughly 780,000 employed residents. On the other hand, Judea and Samaria, a mostly rural district, recorded the lowest number of working residents (almost 189,000 people).