There were over 7.55 million arrests for all offenses in the United States in 2023. This figure is a decrease from 1990 levels, when the number of arrests was over 14.1 million. Arrest rate in the U.S. Along with the declining number of arrests, the arrest rate for all offenses in the United States has also decreased since 1990, from 5691.6 arrests per 100,000 of the population down to 2232.1 per 100,000 in 2023. Additionally, South Dakota had the highest arrest rate in the country in 2023 while Massachusetts had the lowest. High numbers of arrests and unsolved crimes A high number of arrests does not necessarily correlate to a high number of solved cases, and in the U.S., many cases remain unsolved. The crime clearance rate, or rate of closed cases, was less than half for violent crimes in the U.S., and less than 20 percent for property crimes.

In 2023, murder and manslaughter charges had the highest crime clearance rate in the United States, with 57.8 percent of all cases being cleared by arrest or so-called exceptional means. Motor vehicle theft cases had the lowest crime clearance rate, at 8.2 percent. What is crime clearance? Within the U.S. criminal justice system, criminal cases can be cleared (or closed) one of two ways. The first is through arrest, which means that at least one person has either been arrested, charged with an offense, or turned over to the court for prosecution. The second way a case can be closed is through what is called exceptional means, where law enforcement must have either identified the offender, gathered enough evidence to arrest, charge, and prosecute someone, identified the offender’s exact location, or come up against a circumstance outside the control of law enforcement that keeps them from arresting and prosecuting the offender. Crime in the United States Despite what many people may believe, crime in the United States has been on the decline. Particularly in regard to violent crime, the violent crime rate has almost halved since 1990, meaning that the U.S. is safer than it was almost 30 years ago. However, due to the FBI's recent transition to a new crime reporting system in which law enforcement agencies voluntarily report crime data, it is possible that figures do not accurately reflect the total amount of crime in the country.

In 2023, 8,842 murderers in the United States were white, while 6,405 were Black. A further 461 murderers were of another race, including American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. However, not all law enforcement agencies submitted homicide data to the FBI in 2023, meaning there may be more murder offenders of each race than depicted. While the majority of circumstances behind murders in the U.S. are unknown, narcotics, robberies, and gang killings are most commonly identified.

In 2023, the District of Columbia had the highest reported violent crime rate in the United States, with 1,150.9 violent crimes per 100,000 of the population. Maine had the lowest reported violent crime rate, with 102.5 offenses per 100,000 of the population. Life in the District The District of Columbia has seen a fluctuating population over the past few decades. Its population decreased throughout the 1990s, when its crime rate was at its peak, but has been steadily recovering since then. While unemployment in the District has also been falling, it still has had a high poverty rate in recent years. The gentrification of certain areas within Washington, D.C. over the past few years has made the contrast between rich and poor even greater and is also pushing crime out into the Maryland and Virginia suburbs around the District. Law enforcement in the U.S. Crime in the U.S. is trending downwards compared to years past, despite Americans feeling that crime is a problem in their country. In addition, the number of full-time law enforcement officers in the U.S. has increased recently, who, in keeping with the lower rate of crime, have also made fewer arrests than in years past.

Number, percentage and rate (per 100,000 population) of persons accused of homicide, by racialized identity group (total, by racialized identity group; racialized identity group; South Asian; Chinese; Black; Filipino; Arab; Latin American; Southeast Asian; West Asian; Korean; Japanese; other racialized identity group; multiple racialized identity; racialized identity, but racialized identity group is unknown; rest of the population; unknown racialized identity group), gender (all genders; male; female; gender unknown) and region (Canada; Atlantic region; Quebec; Ontario; Prairies region; British Columbia; territories), 2019 to 2024.

In 2023, there were 14,327 murder offenders in the United States who were male, in comparison to 1,898 who were female. However, there were also 5,279 murder offenders where their gender was unknown. Homicides in the U.S. Murder and non-negligent manslaughter in the United States is defined as the willful killing of another human being. Justifiable homicides, or cases where a felon is killed by an officer in the line of duty or a felon is killed during a felony by a private citizen, are not included in murder counts by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). The total number of murders varies from state to state in the U.S., with more populous states having higher numbers of murders. Murder offenders and victims Most murder offenders in the United States are between the ages of 17 and 39, with the number of offenders declining steadily after age 40. Additionally, the highest rate of death by homicide was found among males between the ages of 15 and 24. The highest rate of death by homicide for females was for girls under the age of one.

For a comprehensive guide to this data and other UCR data, please see my book at ucrbook.comVersion 15 release notes:Adds 2021 data.Version 14 release notes:Adds 2020 data. Please note that the FBI has retired UCR data ending in 2020 data so this will be the last Arrests by Age, Sex, and Race data they release. Version 13 release notes:Changes R files from .rda to .rds.Fixes bug where the number_of_months_reported variable incorrectly was the largest of the number of months reported for a specific crime variable. For example, if theft was reported Jan-June and robbery was reported July-December in an agency, in total there were 12 months reported. But since each crime (and let's assume no other crime was reported more than 6 months of the year) only was reported 6 months, the number_of_months_reported variable was incorrectly set at 6 months. Now it is the total number of months reported of any crime. So it would be set to 12 months in this example. Thank you to Nick Eubank for alerting me to this issue.Adds rows even when a agency reported zero arrests that month; all arrest values are set to zero for these rows.Version 12 release notes:Adds 2019 data.Version 11 release notes:Changes release notes description, does not change data.Version 10 release notes:The data now has the following age categories (which were previously aggregated into larger groups to reduce file size): under 10, 10-12, 13-14, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, over 64. These categories are available for female, male, and total (female+male) arrests. The previous aggregated categories (under 15, 40-49, and over 49 have been removed from the data). Version 9 release notes:For each offense, adds a variable indicating the number of months that offense was reported - these variables are labeled as "num_months_[crime]" where [crime] is the offense name. These variables are generated by the number of times one or more arrests were reported per month for that crime. For example, if there was at least one arrest for assault in January, February, March, and August (and no other months), there would be four months reported for assault. Please note that this does not differentiate between an agency not reporting that month and actually having zero arrests. The variable "number_of_months_reported" is still in the data and is the number of months that any offense was reported. So if any agency reports murder arrests every month but no other crimes, the murder number of months variable and the "number_of_months_reported" variable will both be 12 while every other offense number of month variable will be 0. Adds data for 2017 and 2018.Version 8 release notes:Adds annual data in R format.Changes project name to avoid confusing this data for the ones done by NACJD.Fixes bug where bookmaking was excluded as an arrest category. Changed the number of categories to include more offenses per category to have fewer total files. Added a "total_race" file for each category - this file has total arrests by race for each crime and a breakdown of juvenile/adult by race. Version 7 release notes: Adds 1974-1979 dataAdds monthly data (only totals by sex and race, not by age-categories). All data now from FBI, not NACJD. Changes some column names so all columns are <=32 characters to be usable in Stata.Changes how number of months reported is calculated. Now it is the number of unique months with arrest data reported - months of data from the monthly header file (i.e. juvenile disposition data) are not considered in this calculation. Version 6 release notes: Fix bug where juvenile female columns had the same value as juvenile male columns.Version 5 release notes: Removes support for SPSS and Excel data.Changes the crimes that are stored in each file. There are more files now with fewer crimes per file. The files and their included crimes have been updated below.Adds in agencies that report 0 months of the year.Adds a column that indicates the number of months reported. This is generated summing up the number of unique months an agency reports data for. Note that this indicates the number of months an agency reported arrests for ANY crime. They may not necessarily report every crime every month. Agencies that did not report a crime with have a value of NA for every arrest column for that crime.Removes data on runaways.Version 4 release notes: Changes column names from "p

In 2023, the state with the highest crime rate in the United States per 100,000 inhabitants was New Mexico. That year, the crime rate was ******** crimes per 100,000 people. In comparison, New Hampshire had the lowest crime rate at ****** crimes per 100,000 people. Crime rate The crime rate in the United States has generally decreased over time. There are several factors attributed to the decrease in the crime rate across the United States. An increase in the number of police officers and an increase in income are some of the reasons for a decrease in the crime rate. Unfortunately, people of color have been disproportionately affected by crime rates, as they are more likely to be arrested for a crime versus a white person. Crime rates regionally The District of Columbia had the highest rate of reported violent crimes in the United States in 2023 per 100,000 inhabitants. The most common crime clearance type in metropolitan counties in the United States in 2020 was murder and non-negligent manslaughter. The second most dangerous city in the country in 2020 was Detroit. Detroit has faced severe levels of economic and demographic declines in the past years. Not only has the population decreased, the city has filed for bankruptcy. Despite the median household income increasing, the city still struggles financially.

Police recorded crime figures by Police Force Area and Community Safety Partnership areas (which equate in the majority of instances, to local authorities).

3,013 murderers in the United States in 2023 were individuals between the ages of 20 and 24. In the same year, there were seven murderer offenders aged between one and four years. Murder rate in the United States Despite some feeling that violent crime in the United States is on the rise, perhaps due to sensationalized media coverage, the murder and nonnegligent manslaughter rate has declined steeply since 1990. The murder rate has risen some since 2014, but it is nowhere near its peak in 1991. Murder victims in the U.S. The vast majority of murders in the U.S. were committed with firearms, including handguns, rifles, shotguns, and other unidentified guns or firearms. This is generally attributed to the high rate of gun ownership in the United States, which makes guns more accessible than in other countries.

How many criminal homicides were there in the U.S.? In 2023, there were 19,252 reported cases of murder or non-negligent manslaughter in the United States, a decrease from 21,781 cases reported in the previous year. This figure has also decreased in comparison to 1991, when there were 24,700 reported murder and non-negligent manslaughter cases. Murder vs. Manslaughter While it is can be easy to confuse the two terms, murder and nonnegligent manslaughter are two different crimes. While there is some variation from state to state, murder is usually seen as having some planning or forethought involved in the crime, while manslaughter is considered to be a “crime of passion,” with the absence of forethought. Courts tend to differentiate between the states of mind of the accused when bringing manslaughter or murder charges against them. The victims In the United States, there were far more male murder victims than female murder victims, and Black victims made up a large proportion of the total number of victims. Additionally, many murders in the U.S. are perpetrated by either an acquaintance of the victim or a stranger.

Adult criminal courts, charges and cases by offence, age and sex of accused and type of decision, Canada, provinces, territories, ten jurisdictions and eight jurisdictions, five years of data.

In 2023, there were over 1.8 million assaults in the United States where personal weapons, such as hands, fists, or feet, were used. There were a further 149,766 assault offenses where handguns were used. What are firearms? Firearms are portable weapons used to shoot bullets. There are several different types of firearms, which include rifles, shotguns, machine guns, and pistols. Gun laws in the United States vary from state to state, where some states have stricter laws than others. Each state has their own constitution, which allows them to have their own interpretation of the Second Amendment of the Constitution. Gun culture in the United States is a large part of certain regions, where they share similar attitudes and beliefs about firearms and their right to own them. Aggravated Assault Aggravated assault is an intended action to cause serious bodily harm to someone else. In 2023, New Mexico had the highest rate of aggravated assault in the U.S., with Alaska, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Louisiana rounding out the top five. In contrast, the reported violent crime rate has decreased significantly since 1990, meaning that the U.S. is safer now than it was thirty years ago.

In 2024, the number of arrests for murder or manslaughter amounted to about *** cases in South Korea. In the past ten years, the figure of related arrests has decreased from almost *** such cases to below ***.

In 2023, the clearance rate for robberies in the South of the United States stood at 24.5 percent. The clearance rate for robberies was highest in the Northeast, at 38.3 percent. Crime clearance is when an arrest is made in a case, or it is cleared by exceptional means.

In 2023, there were around *** million fraud crimes recorded in China. This made fraud the most common crime committed. The number of fraud crimes showed constant fluctuations in recent years, while theft crimes decreased considerably. Crime situation in China According to governmental statistics, the total number of crimes committed in China has decreased over the past years, amounting to **** million cases in 2022, the lowest number in the last ten years. However, the number of arrests of criminal suspects in China reached a high in 2019 with over **** million arrests, receding only recently due to the coronavirus pandemic. ************************* were the top three types of crimes in China. The country has a lower murder rate compared to many other countries in the world. City safety in China Generally speaking, the crime rate is associated with population density. In regions with higher population densities, there are also more theft and robbery crimes committed. Even though some Chinese cities have the highest population densities in the world, the crime rate of these regions are still low when compared to global rates. Cities in China are also widely covered with closed-circuit television cameras, which have contributed positively to the reduction of crimes as well as to the crime detection rate.

In 2023, there were 214 murders in Germany, and 490 attempted murders resulting in 704 murder cases in that year, compared with 662 cases in the previous year. Between 2000 and 2012, there was a net decrease of 300 murder cases a year in Germany, but in recent years that trend has been reversed, with 2018 showing the largest year-on-year increase in this time period.

In 2024/25, the arrest rate for people in England and Wales varied by self-identified ethnicity. People who identified as Black or Black British had an arrest rate of 19 per 1,000 population, compared with ten for people who identified as White, and nine who identified as Asian or Asian British.

In 2023, there were 299 murder victims in Germany. This was an increase compared to the previous year, with 264 victims. The data only includes completed criminal acts.

The number of criminal offenses recorded in Germany fluctuated during the specified period. In 2023, around 5.94 million crimes were registered, compared to 6.33 million in 2015. The data are based on police criminal statistics, which are compiled by the Federal Criminal Police Office (Bundeskriminalamt). The statistics include all criminal offenses known to the police, as well as attempts to commit a crime. Not included are minor breaches of the law, crimes against the state and traffic offenses.