In 2021, California reported some 6.49 million Medicare beneficiaries and therefore was the U.S. state with the highest number of beneficiaries. Medicare is a U.S. publicly funded health insurance program that covers those that are aged 65 years and older and those that have certain disabilities. This statistic depicts the leading 10 U.S. states based on their number of Medicare beneficiaries in 2021.

This statistic shows the enrollment figures in the Medicare program from 1966 to 2023, by type of beneficiary. In 2011, there were over ** million who benefited from Medicare due to their age, while a further *** million benefited on grounds of disability. By 2024, while the number of Medicare beneficiaries due to age have grown to **** million, the number of enrollees due to disability have gradually decreased and was also *** million in 2024.

With 26 percent, Maine had the highest percentage of Medicare beneficiaries among its total population in 2021. This statistic depicts the top 10 U.S. states based on Medicare beneficiaries as a percentage of the total population in the calendar year 2021.

In 2021, there were 6,266 Medicare hospital facilities, highest number in the provided time interval. The number of hospital facilities has slowly been decreasing since 2005 when there were 6,180 hospitals but increased in 2020 and 2021. This statistic represents the number of Medicare hospital facilities in the U.S. from 1967 to 2021.

The Medicare Home Health Agency tables provide use and payment data for home health agencies. The tables include use and expenditure data from home health Part A (Hospital Insurance) and Part B (Medical Insurance) claims.

For additional information on enrollment, providers, and Medicare use and payment, visit the CMS Program Statistics page.

These data do not exist in a machine-readable format, so the view data and API options are not available. Please use the download function to access the data.

Below is the list of tables:

MDCR HHA 1. Medicare Home Health Agencies: Utilization and Program Payments for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Type of Entitlement, Yearly Trend MDCR HHA 2. Medicare Home Health Agencies: Utilization and Program Payments for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Demographic Characteristics and Medicare-Medicaid Enrollment Status MDCR HHA 3. Medicare Home Health Agencies: Utilization and Program Payments for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Area of Residence MDCR HHA 4. Medicare Home Health Agencies: Persons with Utilization and Total Service Visits for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, Type of Agency and Type of Service Visit MDCR HHA 5. Medicare Home Health Agencies: Persons with Utilization and Total Service Visits for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Type of Control and Type of Service Visit MDCR HHA 6. Medicare Home Health Agencies: Persons with Utilization, Total Service Visits, and Program Payments for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Number of Service Visits and Number of Episodes

Context

This dataset contains Hospital General Information from the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. This is the BigQuery COVID-19 public dataset. This data contains a list of all hospitals that have been registered with Medicare. This list includes addresses, phone numbers, hospital types and quality of care information. The quality of care data is provided for over 4,000 Medicare-certified hospitals, including over 130 Veterans Administration (VA) medical centers, across the country. You can use this data to find hospitals and compare the quality of their care

Querying BigQuery tables

You can use the BigQuery Python client library to query tables in this dataset in Kernels. Note that methods available in Kernels are limited to querying data. Tables are at bigquery-public-data.cms_medicare.hospital_general_info.

Sample Query

How do the hospitals in Mountain View, CA compare to the average hospital in the US? With the hospital compare data you can quickly understand how hospitals in one geographic location compare to another location. In this example query we compare Google’s home in Mountain View, California, to the average hospital in the United States. You can also modify the query to learn how the hospitals in your city compare to the US national average.

“#standardSQL SELECT MTV_AVG_HOSPITAL_RATING, US_AVG_HOSPITAL_RATING FROM ( SELECT ROUND(AVG(CAST(hospital_overall_rating AS int64)),2) AS MTV_AVG_HOSPITAL_RATING FROM bigquery-public-data.cms_medicare.hospital_general_info WHERE city = 'MOUNTAIN VIEW' AND state = 'CA' AND hospital_overall_rating <> 'Not Available') MTV JOIN ( SELECT ROUND(AVG(CAST(hospital_overall_rating AS int64)),2) AS US_AVG_HOSPITAL_RATING FROM bigquery-public-data.cms_medicare.hospital_general_info WHERE hospital_overall_rating <> 'Not Available') ON 1 = 1”

What are the most common diseases treated at hospitals that do well in the category of patient readmissions? For hospitals that achieved “Above the national average” in the category of patient readmissions, it might be interesting to review the types of diagnoses that are treated at those inpatient facilities. While this query won’t provide the granular detail that went into the readmission calculation, it gives us a quick glimpse into the top disease related groups (DRG)
, or classification of inpatient stays that are found at those hospitals. By joining the general hospital information to the inpatient charge data, also provided by CMS, you could quickly identify DRGs that may warrant additional research. You can also modify the query to review the top diagnosis related groups for hospital metrics you might be interested in. “#standardSQL SELECT drg_definition, SUM(total_discharges) total_discharge_per_drg FROM bigquery-public-data.cms_medicare.hospital_general_info gi INNER JOIN bigquery-public-data.cms_medicare.inpatient_charges_2015 ic ON gi.provider_id = ic.provider_id WHERE readmission_national_comparison = 'Above the national average' GROUP BY drg_definition ORDER BY total_discharge_per_drg DESC LIMIT 10;”

NCHS has linked data from various surveys with Medicare program enrollment and health care utilization and expenditure data from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Linkage of the NCHS survey participants with the CMS Medicare data provides the opportunity to study changes in health status, health care utilization and costs, and prescription drug use among Medicare enrollees. Medicare is the federal health insurance program for people who are 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities, and people with End-Stage Renal Disease.

The Medicare Home Health Agency tables provide use and payment data for home health agencies. The tables include use and expenditure data from home health Part A (Hospital Insurance) and Part B (Medical Insurance) claims. For additional information on enrollment, providers, and Medicare use and payment, visit the CMS Program Statistics page. Below is the list of tables: MDCR HHA 1. Medicare Home Health Agencies: Utilization and Program Payments for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Type of Entitlement, Yearly Trend MDCR HHA 2. Medicare Home Health Agencies: Utilization and Program Payments for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Demographic Characteristics and Medicare-Medicaid Enrollment Status MDCR HHA 3. Medicare Home Health Agencies: Utilization and Program Payments for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Area of Residence MDCR HHA 4. Medicare Home Health Agencies: Persons with Utilization and Total Service Visits for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, Type of Agency and Type of Service Visit MDCR HHA 5. Medicare Home Health Agencies: Persons with Utilization and Total Service Visits for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Type of Control and Type of Service Visit MDCR HHA 6. Medicare Home Health Agencies: Persons with Utilization, Total Service Visits, and Program Payments for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Number of Service Visits and Number of Episodes

The CMS Program Statistics - Medicare Part D tables provide use and Part D drug costs by type of Part D plan (stand-alone prescription drug plan and Medicare Advantage prescription drug plan). For additional information on enrollment, providers, and Medicare use and payment, visit the CMS Program Statistics page. Below is the list of tables: MDCR UTLZN D 1. Medicare Part D Utilization: Average Annual Prescription Drug Fills by Type of Plan, Low Income Subsidy (LIS) Eligibility, and Generic Dispensing Rate, Yearly Trend MDCR UTLZN D 2. Medicare Part D Utilization: Average Annual Gross Drug Costs Per Part D Enrollee, by Type of Plan, Low Income Subsidy (LIS) Eligibility, and Brand/Generic Drug Classification, Yearly Trend MDCR UTLZN D 3. Medicare Part D Utilization: Average Annual Gross Drug Costs Per Part D Enrollee, by Type of Plan, Low Income Subsidy (LIS) Eligibility, and Brand/Generic Drug Classification, Yearly Trend MDCR UTLZN D 4. Medicare Part D Utilization: Average Annual Prescription Drug Fills and Average Annual Gross Drug Cost Per Part D Enrollee, by Type of Plan and Demographic Characteristics MDCR UTLZN D 5. Medicare Part D Utilization: Average Annual Prescription Drug Fills and Average Annual Gross Drug Cost Per Part D Utilizer, by Type of Plan and Demographic Characteristics MDCR UTLZN D 6. Medicare Part D Utilization: Average Annual Prescription Drug Fills and Average Annual Gross Drug Cost Per Part D Enrollee, by Type of Plan, by Area of Residence MDCR UTLZN D 7. Medicare Part D Utilization: Average Annual Prescription Drug Fills and Average Annual Gross Drug Cost Per Part D Utilizer, by Type of Plan, by Area of Residence MDCR UTLZN D 8. Medicare Part D Utilization: Number of Part D Utilizers and Average Annual Prescription Drug Fills by Type of Part D Plan, Low Income Subsidy (LIS) Eligibility, and Part D Coverage Phase, Yearly Trend MDCR UTLZN D 9. Medicare Part D Utilization: Number of Part D Utilizers and Drug Costs by Type of Part D Plan, Low Income Subsidy (LIS) Eligibility, and Part D Coverage Phase, Yearly Trend MDCR UTLZN D 10. Medicare Part D Utilization: Number of Part D Utilizers, Average Annual Prescription Drug Events (Fills) and Average Annual Gross Drug Cost Per Part D Utilizer, by Part D Coverage Phase and Demographic Characteristics MDCR UTLZN D 11. Medicare Part D Utilization: Number of Part D Utilizers, Average Annual Prescription Drug Fills and Average Annual Gross Drug Cost Per Part D Utilizer, by Part D Coverage Phase and Area of Residence

The CMS Program Statistics - Medicare Part A & Part B - All Types of Service tables provide use and payment data by type of coverage and type of service. For additional information on enrollment, providers, and Medicare use and payment, visit the CMS Program Statistics page. Below is the list of tables: MDCR SUMMARY AB 1. Medicare Part A and Part B Summary: Utilization, Program Payments, and Cost Sharing for All Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Type of Coverage and Type of Service, Yearly Trend MDCR SUMMARY AB 2. Medicare Part A and Part B Summary: Utilization, Program Payments, and Cost Sharing for Aged Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Type of Coverage and Type of Service, Yearly Trend MDCR SUMMARY AB 3. Medicare Part A and Part B Summary: Utilization, Program Payments, and Cost Sharing for Disabled Original Medicare Beneficiaries by Type of Coverage and Type of Service, Yearly Trend MDCR SUMMARY AB 4. Medicare Part A and Part B Summary: Utilization, Program Payments, and Cost Sharing for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Type of Coverage, Demographic Characteristics, and Medicare-Medicaid Enrollment Status MDCR SUMMARY AB 5. Medicare Part A and Part B Summary: Utilization, Program Payments, and Cost Sharing for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Type of Coverage and by Area of Residence MDCR SUMMARY AB 6. Medicare Part A and Part B Summary: Utilization and Program Payments for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Type of Entitlement, Amount of Program Payments, Type of Coverage, and Type of Service

The CMS Program Statistics - Medicare Providers summary tables provide data on institutional (i.e., hospitals, skilled nursing facilities, home health agencies, hospices, etc.) and non-institutional (i.e., physicians, nonphysicians, specialists, and suppliers) providers. For additional information on enrollment, providers, and Medicare use and payment, visit the CMS Program Statistics page. Below is the list of tables: MDCR PROVIDERS 1. Medicare Providers: Number of Medicare Certified Institutional Providers, Yearly Trend MDCR PROVIDERS 2. Medicare Providers: Number of Medicare Certified Inpatient Hospital and Skilled Nursing Facility Beds and Beds Per 1,000 Enrollees, Yearly Trend MDCR PROVIDERS 3. Medicare Providers: Number of Medicare Certified Facilities, by Type of Control, Yearly Trend MDCR PROVIDERS 4. Medicare Providers: Number of Skilled Nursing Facilities and Medicare Certified Hospitals, and Number of Beds, by State, Territories, Possessions and Other Areas MDCR PROVIDERS 5. Medicare Providers: Number of Medicare Certified Providers, by Type of Provider, by State, Territories, Possessions, and Other Areas MDCR PROVIDERS 6. Medicare Providers: Number of Medicare Non-Institutional Providers by Specialty, Yearly Trend MDCR PROVIDERS 7. Medicare Providers: Number of Medicare Non-Institutional Providers, by State, Territories, Possessions, and Other Areas, Yearly Trend

The CMS Program Statistics - Medicare Total Enrollment tables provide data on characteristics of the Medicare-covered populations.

For additional information on enrollment, providers, and Medicare use and payment, visit the CMS Program Statistics page.

These data do not exist in a machine-readable format, so the view data and API options are not available. Please use the download function to access the data.

Below is the list of tables:

MDCR ENROLL AB 1. Total Medicare Enrollment: Total, Original Medicare, and Medicare Advantage and Other Health Plan Enrollment, Yearly Trend MDCR ENROLL AB 2. Total Medicare Enrollment: Total, Original Medicare, Medicare Advantage and Other Health Plan Enrollment, and Resident Population, by Area of Residence MDCR ENROLL AB 3. Total Medicare Enrollment: Part A and/or Part B Total, Aged, and Disabled Enrollees, Yearly Trend MDCR ENROLL AB 4. Total Medicare Enrollment: Part A and/or Part B Enrollees, by Age Group, Yearly Trend MDCR ENROLL AB 5. Total Medicare Enrollment: Part A and/or Part B Enrollees, by Demographic Characteristics MDCR ENROLL AB 6. Total Medicare Enrollment: Part A and/or Part B Enrollees, by Type of Entitlement and Demographic Characteristics MDCR ENROLL AB 7. Total Medicare Enrollment: Part A and/or Part B Total, Aged, and Disabled Enrollees, by Area of Residence MDCR ENROLL AB 8. Total Medicare Enrollment: Part A and/or Part B Enrollees, by Type of Entitlement and Area of Residence

This statistic depicts Medicare's total trust fund assets at year-end from 1970 to 2024. At year-end 1970, Medicare trust fund assets stood at some 2.7 billion U.S. dollars. Fifty plus years later, this figure stood at approximately 407.9 billion U.S. dollars.

The Medicare Monthly Enrollment data provides current monthly information on the number of Medicare beneficiaries with hospital/medical coverage and prescription drug coverage, available for several geographic areas including national, state/territory, and county. The hospital/medical coverage data can be broken down further by health care delivery (Original Medicare versus Medicare Advantage and Other Health Plans) and the prescription drug coverage data can be examined by those enrolled in stand-alone Prescription Drug Plans and those enrolled in Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug plans. The dataset provides monthly and yearly enrollee trends.

Context

In the United States, Medicare is a single-payer, national social insurance program administered by the U.S. federal government since 1966. It provides health insurance for Americans aged 65 and older who have worked and paid into the system through the payroll tax. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicare_(United_States)

Content

This public dataset was created by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. The data summarizes the utilization and payments for procedures, services, and prescription drugs provided to Medicare beneficiaries by specific inpatient and outpatient hospitals, physicians, and other suppliers. The dataset includes the following data.

Common inpatient and outpatient services All physician and other supplier procedures and services All Part D prescriptions. Providers determine what they will charge for items, services, and procedures provided to patients and these charges are the amount that providers bill for an item, service, or procedure.

Fork this kernel to get started.

Acknowledgements

https://bigquery.cloud.google.com/dataset/bigquery-public-data:medicare

https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/public-data/medicare

Dataset Source: Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services. This dataset is publicly available for anyone to use under the following terms provided by the Dataset Source - http://www.data.gov/privacy-policy#data_policy — and is provided "AS IS" without any warranty, express or implied, from Google. Google disclaims all liability for any damages, direct or indirect, resulting from the use of the dataset.

Banner Photo by @rawpixel from Unplash.

Inspiration

What is the total number of medications prescribed in each state?

What is the most prescribed medication in each state?

What is the average cost for inpatient and outpatient treatment in each city and state?

Which are the most common inpatient diagnostic conditions in the United States?

Which cities have the most number of cases for each diagnostic condition?

What are the average payments for these conditions in these cities and how do they compare to the national average?

The Medicare Telehealth Trends dataset provides information about people with Medicare who used telehealth services between January 1, 2020 and June 30, 2024. The data were used to generate the Medicare Telehealth Trends Report.

The CMS Program Statistics - Medicare Newly Enrolled tables provide data on characteristics of the newly enrolled Medicare population. For additional information on enrollment, providers, and Medicare use and payment, visit the CMS Program Statistics page. Below is the list of tables: MDCR ENROLL AB 21. Medicare Newly Enrolled Beneficiaries: Total, Aged, and Disabled Enrollees, Yearly Trend MDCR ENROLL AB 22. Medicare Newly Enrolled Beneficiaries: Total Enrollees by Month of Enrollment, Yearly Trend MDCR ENROLL AB 23. Medicare Newly Enrolled Beneficiaries: Total Enrollees, by Demographic Characteristics MDCR ENROLL AB 24. Medicare Newly Enrolled Beneficiaries: Total, Aged, and Disabled Enrollees, by Area of Residence MDCR ENROLL AB 25. Medicare Newly Enrolled Beneficiaries: Total, Aged, and Disabled Original Medicare Enrollees MDCR ENROLL AB 26. Medicare Newly Enrolled Beneficiaries: Original Medicare Enrollees by Month of Enrollment, Yearly Trend MDCR ENROLL AB 27. Medicare Newly Enrolled Beneficiaries: Original Medicare Enrollees, by Demographic Characteristics MDCR ENROLL AB 28. Medicare Newly Enrolled Beneficiaries: Total, Aged, and Disabled Original Medicare Enrollees, by Area of Residence MDCR ENROLL AB 29. Medicare Newly Enrolled Beneficiaries: Total, Aged, and Disabled Medicare Advantage and Other Health Plan Enrollees, Yearly Trend MDCR ENROLL AB 30. Medicare Newly Enrolled Beneficiaries: Medicare Advantage and Other Health Plan Enrollees, by Month of Enrollment, Yearly Trend MDCR ENROLL AB 31. Medicare Newly Enrolled Beneficiaries: Medicare Advantage and Other Health Plan Enrollees, by Demographic Characteristics MDCR ENROLL AB 32. Medicare Newly Enrolled Beneficiaries: Total, Aged, and Disabled Medicare Advantage and Other Health Plan Enrollees, by Area of Residence

The Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) - Survey File Microdata Public Use File (PUF) dataset provides information on topics such as Medicare beneficiaries' access to care, health status, other information regarding beneficiaries’ knowledge of, attitudes toward, and satisfaction with their health care, as well as demographic data and information on all types of health insurance coverage.Resources for Using and Understanding the DataThis dataset is based on information from the MCBS and administrative data. The MCBS is a continuous, multi-purpose longitudinal survey covering a representative national sample of the Medicare population, including the population of beneficiaries aged 65 and over and beneficiaries aged 64 and below with certain disabling conditions. The MCBS collects this information in three data collection periods, or rounds, per year. Disclosure protections have been applied to the file, including de-identification and other methods. As a result, the MCBS Survey File Microdata file does not require a Data Use Agreement (DUA). In contrast, the MCBS Limited Data Set (LDS) releases contain beneficiary-level protected health information (PHI) and therefore require a DUA. The MCBS - Survey File Microdata file is not intended to replace the more detailed LDS files but, rather, it makes available a general-use publicly-available alternative that provides the highest degree of protection to the Medicare beneficiaries’ PHI. The main benefits of using the MCBS - Survey File Microdata file are:Increased data access for researchers of the MCBS through a free file download that is consistent with other U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) public-use survey files.Enhanced potential for policy-relevant analyses, by attracting new researchers and policymakers. Accessing the MCBS LDS can be a significant deterrent due to the associated costs and time but the MCBS - Survey File Microdata file mitigates these barriers to encourage broader utilization. A link to the more detailed MCBS LDS files is provided in the Resources section on this page. MCBS LDS data are also presented in the MCBS Chartbook linked in the Visualization section on this page.

The CMS Program Statistics - Medicare Part A & Part B - All Types of Service tables provide use and payment data by type of coverage and type of service.

For additional information on enrollment, providers, and Medicare use and payment, visit the CMS Program Statistics page.

These data do not exist in a machine-readable format, so the view data and API options are not available. Please use the download function to access the data.

Below is the list of tables:

MDCR SUMMARY AB 1. Medicare Part A and Part B Summary: Utilization, Program Payments, and Cost Sharing for All Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Type of Coverage and Type of Service, Yearly Trend MDCR SUMMARY AB 2. Medicare Part A and Part B Summary: Utilization, Program Payments, and Cost Sharing for Aged Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Type of Coverage and Type of Service, Yearly Trend MDCR SUMMARY AB 3. Medicare Part A and Part B Summary: Utilization, Program Payments, and Cost Sharing for Disabled Original Medicare Beneficiaries by Type of Coverage and Type of Service, Yearly Trend MDCR SUMMARY AB 4. Medicare Part A and Part B Summary: Utilization, Program Payments, and Cost Sharing for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Type of Coverage, Demographic Characteristics, and Medicare-Medicaid Enrollment Status MDCR SUMMARY AB 5. Medicare Part A and Part B Summary: Utilization, Program Payments, and Cost Sharing for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Type of Coverage and by Area of Residence MDCR SUMMARY AB 6. Medicare Part A and Part B Summary: Utilization and Program Payments for Original Medicare Beneficiaries, by Type of Entitlement, Amount of Program Payments, Type of Coverage, and Type of Service

The CMS Program Statistics - Medicare Part D tables provide use and Part D drug costs by type of Part D plan (stand-alone prescription drug plan and Medicare Advantage prescription drug plan).

For additional information on enrollment, providers, and Medicare use and payment, visit the CMS Program Statistics page.

These data do not exist in a machine-readable format, so the view data and API options are not available. Please use the download function to access the data.

Below is the list of tables:

MDCR UTLZN D 1. Medicare Part D Utilization: Average Annual Prescription Drug Fills by Type of Plan, Low Income Subsidy (LIS) Eligibility, and Generic Dispensing Rate, Yearly Trend MDCR UTLZN D 2. Medicare Part D Utilization: Average Annual Gross Drug Costs Per Part D Enrollee, by Type of Plan, Low Income Subsidy (LIS) Eligibility, and Brand/Generic Drug Classification, Yearly Trend MDCR UTLZN D 3. Medicare Part D Utilization: Average Annual Gross Drug Costs Per Part D Enrollee, by Type of Plan, Low Income Subsidy (LIS) Eligibility, and Brand/Generic Drug Classification, Yearly Trend MDCR UTLZN D 4. Medicare Part D Utilization: Average Annual Prescription Drug Fills and Average Annual Gross Drug Cost Per Part D Enrollee, by Type of Plan and Demographic Characteristics MDCR UTLZN D 5. Medicare Part D Utilization: Average Annual Prescription Drug Fills and Average Annual Gross Drug Cost Per Part D Utilizer, by Type of Plan and Demographic Characteristics MDCR UTLZN D 6. Medicare Part D Utilization: Average Annual Prescription Drug Fills and Average Annual Gross Drug Cost Per Part D Enrollee, by Type of Plan, by Area of Residence MDCR UTLZN D 7. Medicare Part D Utilization: Average Annual Prescription Drug Fills and Average Annual Gross Drug Cost Per Part D Utilizer, by Type of Plan, by Area of Residence MDCR UTLZN D 8. Medicare Part D Utilization: Number of Part D Utilizers and Average Annual Prescription Drug Fills by Type of Part D Plan, Low Income Subsidy (LIS) Eligibility, and Part D Coverage Phase, Yearly Trend MDCR UTLZN D 9. Medicare Part D Utilization: Number of Part D Utilizers and Drug Costs by Type of Part D Plan, Low Income Subsidy (LIS) Eligibility, and Part D Coverage Phase, Yearly Trend MDCR UTLZN D 10. Medicare Part D Utilization: Number of Part D Utilizers, Average Annual Prescription Drug Events (Fills) and Average Annual Gross Drug Cost Per Part D Utilizer, by Part D Coverage Phase and Demographic Characteristics MDCR UTLZN D 11. Medicare Part D Utilization: Number of Part D Utilizers, Average Annual Prescription Drug Fills and Average Annual Gross Drug Cost Per Part D Utilizer, by Part D Coverage Phase and Area of Residence