The NZDUSD increased 0.0011 or 0.20% to 0.5749 on Wednesday March 26 from 0.5738 in the previous trading session. New Zealand Dollar - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on March of 2025.

Prices for GBPNZD British Pound Sterling New Zealand Dollar including live quotes, historical charts and news. GBPNZD British Pound Sterling New Zealand Dollar was last updated by Trading Economics this March 27 of 2025.

This database documents the short-term and long-term fluctuations in the Earth's regional (New Zealand) magnetic field captured by magnetic observatories.

Magnetic Observatories record variations with time of the earth’s magnetic field at a fixed point. A magnetic field is completely described by three components, these are usually HDZ or XYZ, where H is the horizontal magnetic field strength, D is the declination or angle between the direction of the magnetic field and true north, Z is the vertical magnetic strength, and X and Y are the magnetic field strengths in the true north and east directions. It is also common to record F, the total magnetic field strength, on a separate instrument, although that can be calculated from HDZ or XYZ.

New Zealand operates magnetic observatories in Canterbury (the Eyrewell Geomagnetic Observatory that succeeded the Christchurch and Amberley observatories and is now located at West Melton) and Scott Base in Antarctica, and supports the Apia observatory in Samoa.

Eyrewell (EYR), Scott Base (SBA) and Apia (API) geomagnetic observatories are important contributors to the ~120 station INTERMAGNET global network that monitors the Earth’s magnetic field. All observatories follow INTERMAGNET requirements and standards.

The continuous part of the data collection is run by an automated system that is recording data every second. Manual measurements are conducted by a local observer for 1 hour once every week. EYR also relies on data recorded at a joined GeoNet site located at Summerhill (Canterbury).

Raw 1-second data in miniseed format is archived for all three observatories plus for the Summerhill site.

Preliminary 1-second and 1-minute data are submitted to INTERMAGNET in a standardized file format every hour.

Definitive 1-minute data for EYR, SBA and API is being submitted to INTERMAGNET annually. Before INTERMAGNET definitive data are being published an international multi-step reviewing process is being applied to ensure international standards are being met.

K-index values are calculated from data recorded at EYR and its predecessor Amberley (AML).

Historic paper records are being stored, with some of them being scanned into digital images.

NZ：合法权益指数力量：0=弱 至 12=强在12-01-2017达12.000NA，相较于12-01-2016的12.000NA保持不变。NZ：合法权益指数力量：0=弱 至 12=强数据按年更新，12-01-2013至12-01-2017期间平均值为12.000NA，共5份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于12-01-2017，达12.000NA，而历史最低值则出现于12-01-2017，为12.000NA。CEIC提供的NZ：合法权益指数力量：0=弱 至 12=强数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于World Bank，数据归类于全球数据库的新西兰 – 表 NZ.世行.WDI：营商环境。

The National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) for New Zealand provides probabilistic estimates of the strength of earthquake shaking that can be expected according to a user-defined time period and probability, e.g. the peak ground acceleration (PGA) that has a 10% chance of happening in any 50 year time window. Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) uses the location, recurrence behaviour, and predicted ground motions of earthquake sources to estimate the hazard at a site, or across a grid of sites as shown in the map below for Class C (shallow soil) site conditions. The NSHM is an algorithm that draws upon several component models to calculate its results. It uses a fault model that combines New Zealand’s active fault database, which includes 536 fault sources, and the 170 year historical earthquake catalogue. The background model is comprised of a multi-layered background seismicity grid DOI: https://doi.org/10.21420/MX74-Q807 Site as: GNS Science. (2020). National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) for New Zealand. GNS Science. https://doi.org/10.21420/MX74-Q807

Collection of data in xls workbook: Calcimetry Grain Size Poroperm and MICP SEM Strength Thin Sections XRD XRF with a visualisation form. Based on Mudstone Database.https://data.gns.cri.nz/metadata/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/1a549a7a-4280-4211-b87d-3a06a0a23d19 Superceded by online map and associated database. Registration for PBE+ required for the new database

Percent change in counts for 14 garden bird counts for the past 10 years (2011-21) and 5 years (2016-21) at four spatial scales: national, regional (R), territorial authority (T) and urban-rural (U) area as defined by Statistics NZ 2018 spatial layers. Median and 80% confidence intervals (10% and 90% quantiles) are provided, along with the trend size and strength of evidence categories (see NZGBS 2021 trend analysis methods report for categorisation criteria). Citation: Hayman E, Brandt AJ, MacLeod CJ, Howard S, Gormley AM, Spurr EB. 2021. State of NZ Garden Birds 2021 | Te Ahua o nga Manu o te Kari i Aotearoa. Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, Lincoln. ISSN 2744-5267.

The thirteenth of 20 years of International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) surveys in New Zealand by Professor Philip Gendall, Department of Marketing, Massey University.A verbose rundown on topics covered follows.Questions on national consciousness and national identity. Identification with the town, the city, the region, the nation and with the respective continent; most important characteristics for national identity; identification with one’s own nation and national pride (scale); perceived pride in the democracy of the country, the political influence of the country in the world, the economic achievement, the social security system, the scientific achievements, the achievements in sports, the achievements in arts or literature, the armed forces, the history and equal rights of all social groups in society.Preference for protective duty to support the national economy; attitude to the right of international institutions to enforce solutions to be accepted nationally; attitude to enforcing national interests regardless of evoking conflicts with other countries; rejection of acquisition of land by foreigners in one’s country; preference for national films in national television stations; damage done by large international companies to the local business; attitude to free trade; attitude to follow the decisions of international organisations even if the local government does not agree with them; international organisations take away too much power from the country.Availability of worldwide information as a benefit of the internet; importance of sharing national customs and traditions to achieve full nationality; attitude to government support of national minorities to preserve their customs and habits; preference for assimilation of minorities or retention of their identity; hostility to foreigners and prejudices against immigrants (scale); attitude to a reduction of immigration of foreigners; respondents citizenship; citizenship of parents at birth of respondent; birthplace or citizenship of parents should allow naturalization of children; same rights for citizens and legal immigrants; attitude towards stronger measures regarding illegal immigrants; languages spoken at home; perceived ethnic affiliation and strength of this feeling.Demography: Sex; age; marital status; steady life-partner; years in school, current employment status; current employment status of spouse; hours worked weekly; occupation of respondent and spouse (ISCO-88); respondent and spouse working for private, public sector or self-employed; supervisor function; union membership; household size; family income; respondents earnings; household composition; self-placement on a left-right continuum; party preference; vote last election; religious denomination; frequency of church attendance; self-placement on a top-bottom scale; region; town size, rural or urban region; ethnicity or nationality. Additionally encoded: Mode of data collection.

This data set in SPSS format was obtained by Dr Tanja Sobko from parent perceptions survey of pre-school children's connectedness to nature and their strengths and difficulties. The data consist of 25 items from the SDQ inventory and 20 items of the Connectedness to Nature Index for Parents of Preschool Children. Analyses were conducted by Prof Gavin Brown, the University of Auckland.

This is the AMOS input file for measuring the relationship of the parent responses to the Connectedness to Nature Index factors upon the parent responses to the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).

This dataset measures the strength of extreme wind at 30 sites across Aotearoa New Zealand from 1980 to 2022. For individual sites, we provide data for the highest maximum wind gust, average maximum wind gust, and the number of days with wind gusts extreme for a location. The average of the daily maximum wind gust provides information on windiness, while the maximum wind gust provides information on the strength of extreme wind events. The number of days with a maximum wind gust that exceeds the 99th percentile daily maximum wind gust speed, which measures how often extreme wind events (measured as a gust that is extreme for that location) occur for a site.

Variables: site: NIWA climate site. statistic: Highest max gust is maximum wind speed recorded, average max gust is monthly average calculated from highest 10min daily average, days above p99 is number of days above the 99th percentile calculated for all available daily data for each site. month: Month representing data value. A month needed 100% of daily values to be calculated. year: Year representing data value. data_value: Calculated wind speed per given month and statistic. lat: Approx. latitude location of NIWA climate stations to represent a site. lon: Approx. longitude location of NIWA climate stations to represent a site. unit: Unit of data value (recorded wind speed or days above 99th percentile).

The Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) describes the long-term oscillation of the Pacific Ocean. The Pacific climate oscillation causes climate fluctuations that can influence New Zealand’s climate. For example, it can affect the strength and frequency of El Niño and La Niña events. In New Zealand, the positive phase of the IPO is linked to stronger west to southwest winds and more rain to the west. Such climate phases can impact on our environment, industries, and recreational activities. The IPO is similar, and nearly equivalent, to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The PDO is a predictor of the impact of the climate oscillation in the northern Pacific. This dataset relates to the "Inter-decadal Pacific oscillation" measure on the Environmental Indicators, Te taiao Aotearoa website.

A variety of parameters used to construct Lotka/Volterra-style competition models for mixed inoculation in vitro data of Serratia spp. The data includes both initial and optimised data obtained using the gauseR package for R, including the growth rates, self-limitation strength, and competition coefficients.

Data used in Peralta et al. 'Strength of niche processes for species interactions is lower for generalists and exotic species' J Animal Ecology 2020

This dataset measures the strength of extreme wind at 30 sites across Aotearoa New Zealand from 1980 to 2022. For individual sites we present the trends for the annual average of the daily maximum wind gust, and the annual maximum wind gust.

The annual average of the daily maximum wind gust provides information on windiness, while the annual maximum wind gust provides information on the strength of extreme wind events.

Variables: site: NIWA climate site. statistic: Highest max gust is maximum wind speed recorded, average max gust is monthly average calculated from highest 10min daily average, days above p99 is number of days above the 99th percentile calculated for all available daily data for each site. lat: Approx. lattitude location of NIWA climate stations to represent a site. lon: Approx. longitude location of NIWA climate stations to represent a site. p value: probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the result actually observed slope, conf_low, conf_high, conf_level: Sen slope statistic to describe rate of change and relevant 90% and 66% confidence intervals. z: Z score method: Trend method used n: Number of data points included in trend calculation. note: additional note s, var_s, tau: Mann-Kendall test statistics. alternative: trend_likelihood: Likelihood of trend direction adapted from IPCC criteria. period_start: The start of the period the trend represents period_end: The end of the period the trend represents unit: Unit of data value (recorded wind speed).

Monthly average peak UV index values at Invercargill, Lauder (Otago region), Christchurch, Paraparaumu (Wellington region), and Leigh (Auckland region). The strength of UV light is expressed as a solar UV index, starting from 0 (no UV) to 11+ (extreme). Exposure to the sun's ultraviolet (UV) light helps our bodies make vitamin D, which we need for healthy bones and muscles. However, too much exposure to UV light can cause skin cancer. New Zealand has naturally high UV levels, and monitoring UV levels helps us understand the occurrence of skin cancer. Ozone in the upper atmosphere absorbs some of the sun’s UV light, protecting us from harmful levels. The amount of UV radiation reaching the ground varies in relation to changes in the atmospheric ozone concentrations. The Antarctic ozone hole lies well to the south of New Zealand and does not have a large effect on New Zealand’s ozone concentrations. More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.

In New Zealand, the estimated sales amount across various store categories provides key insights into the market's dynamics. Apparel, as a prominent category, generates significant sales, totaling $46.26B, which is 63.38% of the region's total sales in this sector. Food & Drink follows with robust sales figures, achieving $15.14B in sales and comprising 20.75% of the region's total. Unknown contributes a considerable amount to the regional market, with sales of $4.57B, accounting for 6.26% of the total sales in New Zealand. This breakdown highlights the varying economic impacts of different categories within the region, showcasing the diversity and strengths of each sector.

Extreme wind annual statistics for 30 regionally representative sites. The number of days with a maximum gust in the 99th percentile provides information on the frequency of extreme wind events. Percentiles are obtained from all available daily maximum wind gust data. On average, the 99th percentile daily maximum wind gust will be exceeded on approximately 3.6 days per year. Therefore, annual counts higher than this indicate more days than usual with very strong wind gusts recorded; annual counts lower than 3.6 indicate fewer strong wind gust days than usual. By using a percentile threshold we can identify events that are extreme for a particular location. Some places are naturally subject to stronger winds than others, so vegetation can become ‘wind-hardened’ and may have a higher tolerance to high wind gusts (eg a 100 km/hr wind gust may be damaging at one location, but not at another). Using a relative threshold accounts for these differences and better captures extreme wind gust occurrences. The highest maximum gust per year and the average annual highest maximum wind gust both provide information on the magnitude of extreme wind events. Steady wind can be an important resource, but strong gusts can damage property, topple trees, and disrupt transportation, communications, and electricity. Extreme wind events can occur with frontal weather systems, around strong convective storms such as thunderstorms, and with ex-tropical cyclones. Projections indicate climate change may alter the occurrence of extreme wind events, with the strength of extreme winds expected to increase over the southern half of the North Island and the South Island, especially east of the Southern Alps, and decrease from Northland to Bay of Plenty. Monitoring can help us gauge the potential of, and prepare for, such events. More information on this dataset and how it relates to our environmental reporting indicators and topics can be found in the attached data quality pdf.

The ecology of subtidal rhodolith beds has been investigated for the first time in New Zealand, characterising two rhodolith species, Lithothamnion crispatum and Sporolithon durum, examining the structure and physical characteristics of beds at two locations and documenting their associated biodiversity. Site and characteristics: Field work was conducted in the Bay of Islands, at Kahuwhera Bay and Te Miko Reef, in February and September 2010. The rhodolith beds were mapped using a combination of techniques and the physical characteristics of the habitats were assessed and compared with adjacent areas outside the rhodolith beds.The rhodolith beds differed significantly in terms of water motion, sediment characteristics and light levels, with Te Miko Reef having characteristics regarded as typical of rhodolith assemblages, and Kahuwhera Bay being atypical with respect to sediments and water clarity. The Te Miko Reef bed was in clear water and rhodoliths were clearly visible sitting on top of the substrate in a more or less single layer over rhodolith- and shell-derived gravel, whereas at Kahuwhera Bay there were fine sediments suspended in the water column and covering rhodoliths and associated biota, and live rhodoliths were in a more or less single layer overlaying grey to blackened rhodoliths in a darkly coloured rhodolith/sediment sublayer. The two rhodolith beds differed in current direction and strength with no clear tidal signal or direction of water motion at Kahuwhera Bay and tidally driven water movement at Te Miko Reef with a dominant northwest flow.Citation: Nelson, W.A.; Neill, K.; Barr, N.; D'Archino, R.; Miller, S.; Stewart, R. (2012). Data from: Rhodolith Beds in Northern New Zealand: Characterisation of Associated Biodiversity. Southwestern Pacific OBIS, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington, New Zealand, 684 records.Online: http://nzobisipt.niwa.co.nz/resource.do?r=rhodolithhabitats Released on June 20, 2015.Bibliographic Citation: Nelson, W.A.; Neill, K.; Barr, N.; D'Archino, R.; Miller, S.; Stewart, R. (2012) .Rhodolith Beds in Northern New Zealand: Characterisation of Associated Biodiversity and Vulnerability to Environmental Stressors New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report No. 99. ISSN 1179-6480 (online). ISBN 978-0-478-40077-9 (online)
_Item Page Created: 2016-06-09 02:26 Item Page Last Modified: 2025-03-01 16:59Owner: mackayk_NIWARhodolith_habitatsNo data edit dates availableFields: id,modified,language,license,rightsHolder,institutionCode,collectionCode,datasetName,basisOfRecord,occurrenceID,catalogNumber,occurrenceStatus,samplingProtocol,eventDate,year,month,fieldNumber,waterBody,country,county,locality,minimumDepthInMeters,maximumDepthInMeters,decimalLatitude,decimalLongitude,geodeticDatum,coordinateUncertaintyInMeters,footprintWKT,scientificName,kingdom,phylum,class,order_,family,genus,subgenus,specificEpithet,infraspecificEpithet,scientificNameAuthorship,FID

Detailed information about foundation requirements is available on the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE)website.Technical category information is provided on behalf of the Ministry for Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE) and was the best information available at the time of publication on Canterbury Maps in 2017. A technical category (1, 2 or 3) was assigned to residential properties on flat land in parts of Christchurch City, and Selwyn and Waimakariri districts by MBIE following the 2010/11 earthquakes. The technical categories were established to provide guidance on appropriate geotechnical assessments and foundation solutions for house repairs and reconstruction during the earthquake recovery. The technical categories were intended to have a limited life and were not intended to be updated over time. Details of any work done on an individual property since 2010 to reduce the liquefaction susceptibility of the land, or investigations that show the land meets the definition of another technical category, should be provided to prospective buyers, insurance companies or Christchurch City Council, Waimakariri District Council or Selwyn District Council.Published in the gazetted Land Use Recovery Plan 6/12/2013 https://cera.govt.nz/recovery-strategy/built-environment/land-use-recovery-planTechnical Category 1 (TC 1)Land that was classified Technical Category 1 (TC1) was suitable for homes to be repaired or rebuilt after the 2010/11 Canterbury earthquakes.TC1 land generally did not experience liquefaction-related land damage or settlement during the 2010/11 Canterbury earthquakes. Land damage from liquefaction is unlikely on TC1 land during significant future earthquakes. Standard foundations for concrete slabs or timber floors are considered adequate to address liquefaction hazard for house repairs and rebuilds on TC1 land, but normal consenting requirements still apply (e.g. to confirm suitable ground bearing strength and assess all other hazards).Technical Category 2 (TC 2)Land that was classified Technical Category 2 (TC2) was suitable for homes to be repaired or rebuilt after the 2010/11 Canterbury earthquakes. TC2 land may have experienced liquefaction-related land damage and settlement during the 2010/11 Canterbury earthquakes. Land damage from liquefaction is possible on TC2 land in future significant earthquakes. While TC2 land is considered suitable for residential construction, stronger foundations are required for house repairs and rebuilds. This may include standard timber piled foundations for houses with lightweight cladding and roofing and suspended timber floors or enhanced concrete foundations.Technical Category 3 (TC 3)TC3 land experienced liquefaction-related land damage and settlement during the 2010/11 Canterbury earthquakes. Land damage from liquefaction is possible on TC3 land in future significant earthquakes. While TC3 land is considered suitable for residential construction, site-specific geotechnical investigation and specific engineering foundation design are required for house repairs and rebuilds.There are no one-size-fits-all foundation solution for repairs or rebuilds on TC3 land. Site-specific geotechnical investigations will identify the best foundation for the repair or rebuild to reduce the risk of property damage or injury in future earthquakes. This may include deep foundation piles or ground improvement work.N/A - Port Hills & Banks PeninsulaProperties in parts of the Port Hills and Banks Peninsula have not been given a Technical Category. This is because properties in the hill areas have always required a site-specific foundation design and are not generally subject to liquefaction or lateral spread.Normal consenting procedures will apply in these areas.N/A - Rural & UnmappedProperties in rural areas or beyond the extent of land damage mapping, and properties in parts of the Port Hills and Banks Peninsula have not been given a Technical Category.Normal consenting procedures will apply in these areas.N/A - Urban NonresidentialTechnical Category not applicable means that non-residential properties in urban areas, properties in rural areas or beyond the extent of land damage mapping, and properties in the Port Hills and Banks Peninsula have not been given a Technical Category.Normal consenting procedures will apply in these areas.Red Zone (Port Hills)Red Zone (Port Hills) are areas where the threat to life from cliff collapse or rocks rolling downhill was considered unacceptable following the 2010/11 Canterbury earthquakes. The areas were defined by the Canterbury Earthquake Recovery Authority (CERA). The Crown offered to purchase properties in these areas from the owners, and the properties that were sold to the Crown are now administered by Land Information New Zealand (LINZ) and/or Christchurch City Council. You can find more information on the LINZ website LINZ website. Some properties were not sold to the Crown and in some cases the owners have subsequently installed mitigation works to reduce the cliff collapse or rockfall risk to an acceptable level. Details of any work done to reduce the cliff collapse or rockfall risk to individual properties should be provided to prospective buyers and insurers.Red Zone (Port Hills) areas within Christchurch City are now part of Christchurch City Council’s slope instability hazard management areas. You can find more information on these management areas in Chapter 5 of the Christchurch District Plan, and find more information on Port Hills slope stability on the Christchurch City Council website.Red Zone Christchurch & WaimakariThe Red Zone (Flat Land) areas are where the Crown offered to purchase properties from the owners after 2010/11 Canterbury earthquakes. The Government considered that making the land suitable to build on again and repairing roads and underground services in these areas would be very expensive and take a very long time. It gave property owners in these areas the option to sell their properties to the Crown so that they could resettle more quickly. The areas were defined by the Canterbury Earthquake Recovery Authority (CERA) and the properties that were sold to the Crown are now administered by Land Information New Zealand (LINZ). You can find more information on the LINZ website. Red zone flat land areas within Christchurch City are now part of Christchurch City Council’s Specific Purpose (Flat Land) Recovery Zone. You can find more information on this zone on the Christchurch District Plan.CCC Liquefaction & CERA InformationIn 2019 Christchurch City Council completed a liquefaction hazard study , encompassing the Christchurch urban area, which uses the extensive information about ground conditions gathered since the 2010/11 Canterbury earthquakes and follows the most recent national liquefaction guidance. This includes an updated liquefaction vulnerability map, and an online tool which helps to visualise an area’s vulnerability to liquefaction under different conditions. For details visit the CCC liquefaction information website. You can find out more information about the inherited responsibilities of the Canterbury Earthquake Recovery Authority (CERA) on the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet website.