Scores from the 2022 global Ocean Health Index (OHI) assessment and accompanying data and models. The global Ocean Health Index assesses ocean health for 220 coastal countries and territories and has been conducted yearly since 2012. The Index describes how well we are sustainably managing 10 goals which represent the full suite of benefits that people want and need from the ocean. These goals include: artisanal fishing opportunity, biodiversity, carbon storage, clean waters, coastal livelihoods and economies, coastal protection, food provision, natural products, sense of place, and tourism and recreation. Each goal is given a score ranging from 0 to 100, and the full suite of goal scores are then averaged to obtain an overall index score for each region. Please see http://oceanhealthindex.org/ for additional resources and information.

This project (WAMSI Node 4.2.1b) aimed to develop an index for assessing the health of the Swan Estuary, based on fish assemblage characteristics.

The index incorporates a suite of metrics, each of which measures a different aspect of the fish community, e.g. species diversity and composition, use of the Estuary as a nursery habitat, and the trophic structure (the feeding relationships between species) of the estuarine fish community.The study incorporated and utilized historical data from 1977-2004, plus current sampling (2007-2009), to establish reference conditions for multiple fish community metrics, against which the recent, current and future status of the estuary is assessed.

Data is available as two Excel spreadsheets: Establishing_reference_and_scoring_seine_Metrics.xls Establishing_reference_and_scoring_gill_Metrics.xls

The gill net and seine net files contain, respectively, for each offshore and nearshore historical fish sample collected between 1976 and 2009: (i) the raw values calculated for each of the selected fish metrics comprising the offshore and nearshore health indices; (ii) the corresponding metric scores (i.e. scored in comparison to the appropriate reference conditions I derived for each metric); and (iii) the final health index scores for each historical sample.

The historical studies used in the project are all detailed in the final report.

Exposure to sewage contaminated recreational waters may cause gastrointestinal illnesses in swimmers. The State of Hawaii Department of Health (HIDOH) Clean Water Branch (CWB) monitors the waters of Hawaii's beaches for concentrations of Enterococcus, which acts as an indicator of pathogens. The CWB also uses Clostridium perfringens as a secondary tracer of sewage contamination. Results of this monitoring are evaluated using a decision rule to determine whether a beach is safe ("Compliant") or not safe (on "Alert") for swimming and other water contact activities. If a beach is found to be on "Alert" due to elevated indicator bacteria levels, the CWB issues public warnings and alerts and determines whether resampling of the area is necessary.

Under the U.S. BEACH Act, the State of Hawaii receives an annual grant to implement its beach monitoring program. This requires the State to conduct a monitoring and notification program that is consistent with performance criteria published by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 2002. In March 2010, the EPA approved amendments to the Hawaii Administrative Rules (HAR), Chapter 11-54, Water Quality Standards (CWB QAPrgP, HIDOH 2011, Appendix D), which revised the previous State Enterococcus criteria of a geometric mean (GM) of 7 colony-forming units (CFU) per 100 mL and a single sample maximum (SSM) of 100 CFU/100 mL to meet current EPA guidelines. The State of Hawaii now uses the EPA recommended Enterococcus GM and SSM for recreational waters consistent in the 1986 Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Bacteria. The criterion lists the GM and SSM for marine waters as 35 CFU/100 mL and 104 CFU/100 mL, respectively.

The CWB utilizes Clostridium perfringens as a secondary tracer in addition to the Enterococcus indicator to help distinguish between sewage and non-sewage sources of elevated Enterococcus levels in marine coastal waters. The reliability of Enterococcus as an indicator organism in tropical environments has been questioned. This issue was formally documented in the report, Tropical Water Quality Indicator Workshop (Fujioka and Byappanahalli, 2003).

One of the limitations of all available and EPA-approved test methods is that the sample must be incubated for about 24 hours. As a result, the public finds out today when they shouldn't have gone in the water yesterday. As a result, warning signs on the beach may or may not be reflective of actual water quality because they are based on tests performed one or more days ago. acknowledgement=The Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS) is funded through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as a Regional Association within the U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS). PacIOOS is coordinated by the University of Hawaii School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST). cdm_data_type=Point comment=Some sampling sites have been discontinued and therefore do not contain recent measurements in this dataset. Conventions=CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3 date_metadata_modified=2021-04-01 defaultDataQuery=&time>=now-3months defaultGraphQuery=longitude,latitude,enterococcus&time>=now-3months&.draw=markers Easternmost_Easting=-154.8167 featureType=Point geospatial_bounds=POLYGON ((18.914389 -159.777417, 22.225417 -159.777417, 22.225417 -154.816667, 18.914389 -154.816667, 18.914389 -159.777417)) geospatial_bounds_crs=EPSG:4326 geospatial_lat_max=22.22542 geospatial_lat_min=18.91439 geospatial_lat_resolution=0.0 geospatial_lat_units=degrees_north geospatial_lon_max=-154.8167 geospatial_lon_min=-159.7774 geospatial_lon_resolution=0.0 geospatial_lon_units=degrees_east geospatial_vertical_max=-0.3 geospatial_vertical_min=-0.3 geospatial_vertical_positive=up geospatial_vertical_resolution=0.0 geospatial_vertical_units=meters history=2013-03-29T00:00:00Z PacIOOS begins ingest from U.S. Water Quality Portal (WQP) and Hawaii Clean Water Branch (CWB) into PacIOOS ERDDAP data server. infoUrl=http://www.beachapedia.org/State_of_the_Beach/State_Reports/HI/Water_Quality institution=State of Hawaii Clean Water Branch (CWB) instrument=In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Chemical Meters/Analyzers > > > Autoanalyzer, In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Chemical Meters/Analyzers > > > pH Meters, In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Conductivity Sensors, In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Photon/Optical Detectors > > > Turbidity Meters, In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Samplers > Bottles/Flasks/Jars, In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Temperature/Humidity Sensors > > > Temperature Sensors instrument_vocabulary=GCMD Instrument Keywords ISO_Topic_Categories=climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere, environment, health, oceans keywords_vocabulary=GCMD Science Keywords locations=Continent > North America > United States Of America > Hawaii, Ocean > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands locations_vocabulary=GCMD Location Keywords metadata_link=https://www.pacioos.hawaii.edu/metadata/cwb_water_quality.html naming_authority=org.pacioos Northernmost_Northing=22.22542 platform=In Situ Land-based Platforms > Ocean Platform/Ocean Stations > Coastal Stations platform_vocabulary=GCMD Platform Keywords processing_level=Quality control measures described in the State of Hawaii Beach Monitoring Quality Assurance Project Plan (CWBMONQAPP002). program=State of Hawaii Clean Water Branch (CWB) project=State of Hawaii Beach Monitoring Quality Assurance references=https://www.pacioos.hawaii.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Beach_Monitoring_QAPP_CWBMONQAPP002_120507.pdf; https://health.hawaii.gov/cwb/files/2017/05/Hawaii-Beach-Monitoring-Program-170508.pdf source=in situ measurements and water samples sourceUrl=(source database) Southernmost_Northing=18.91439 standard_name_vocabulary=CF Standard Name Table v39 subsetVariables=location_id, location_name time_coverage_start=1973-06-04T21:00:00Z Westernmost_Easting=-159.7774

Average concentration of total suspended solids from the 9 Integrated Marine Observing System National Reference Stations. Source: Australian Ocean Data Network, see https://portal.aodn.org.au/

Data used by the Department of Environment and Energy to produce Graph (b) of Figure MAR31 in the Marine theme of the 2016 State of the Environment Report, available at

https://soe.environment.gov.au/theme/marine-environment/topic/2016/state-and-trends-indicators-marine-ecosystem-health-physical#figure-MAR31a

Data for parts a), b), c) and d) all on data.gov.au

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) Observed Climate Change Impacts Database contains observed responses to climate change across a wide range of systems as well as regions. These data were taken from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report and Rosenzweig et al. (2008). It consists of responses in the the physical, terrestrial biological systems and marine-ecosystems. The observations that were selected include data that demonstrate a statistically significant trend in change in either direction in systems related to temperature or other climate change variable, and the is for at least 20 years between 1970 and 2004, although study periods may extend earlier or later. For each observation, the data series is described in terms of system, region, longitude and latitude, dates and duration, statistical significance, type of impact, and whether or not land use was identified as a driving factor. System changes are taken from ~80 studies (of which ~75 are new since the IPCC Third Assessment Report) containing more than 29,500 data series. Observations in the database are characterized as a "change consistent with warming" or a "change not consistent with warming", based on information from the underlying studies.

Average SECCHI disk depths (water clarity) from the 9 Integrated Marine Observing System National Reference Stations. Source: Australian Ocean Data Network, see https://portal.aodn.org.au/

Data used by the Department of Environment and Energy to produce Graph (c) of Figure MAR31 in the Marine theme of the 2016 State of the Environment Report, available at

https://soe.environment.gov.au/theme/marine-environment/topic/2016/state-and-trends-indicators-marine-ecosystem-health-physical#figure-MAR31a

Data for parts a), b), c) and d) all on data.gov.au

This dataset contains the results of replicate experiments which measured the total hydrocarbon content (THC) in water accommodated fractions (WAFs) of three fuels; Special Antarctic Blend diesel, Marine Gas oil and intermediate fuel oil IFO 180.

Data for Marine regions Coral Sea,North, Northwest, Southwest, South East, Temperate East to produce six graphs in the Marine Chapter of the SoE 2016 State of the Environment Report. Data derived …Show full descriptionData for Marine regions Coral Sea,North, Northwest, Southwest, South East, Temperate East to produce six graphs in the Marine Chapter of the SoE 2016 State of the Environment Report. Data derived from publicly available IMOS data accessible here https://portal.aodn.org.au/ Data used to produce MAR32 in SoE2016. See; https://soe.environment.gov.au/theme/marine-environment/topic/2016/state-and-trends-indicators-marine-ecosystem-health-physical#figure-MAR32

Seasonally detrended Secchi disk depths at Port Hacking (no significant trend; P = 0.44), 2009–14 Source: Australian Ocean Data Network, see https://portal.aodn.org.au/

Data used by the Department of Environment and Energy to produce graph (d) of Figure MAR31 in the Marine theme of the 2016 State of the Environment Report, available at

https://soe.environment.gov.au/theme/marine-environment/topic/2016/state-and-trends-indicators-marine-ecosystem-health-physical#figure-MAR31a

Data for parts a), b), c) and d) all on data.gov.au

Time series of the abundance of harmful algae pseudo-nitzchia spp. (top) and dinophysis spp. from 2009 - 2015 as recorded at the nine IMOS reference stations around Australia.\r Created for the Marine chapter of the State of the Environment report 2016 using IMOS and CSIRO data.\r For complete metadata, see http://catalogue.aodn.org.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/metadata.show?uuid=ca3d67e9-96d6-4b67-a2e9-fc4e8b144e37\r \r Data used for Figure MAR34; see\r https://soe.environment.gov.au/theme/marine-environment/topic/2016/state-and-trends-indicators-marine-ecosystem-health-ecologial#figure-marine-environment-MAR34b

The dataset presents the potential combined effects of sea-based pressures on marine species and habitats estimated using the method for assessment of cumulative effects, for the entire suite of pressures and a selected set of marine species groups and habitats by an index (Halpern et al. 2008).

The spatial assessment of combined effects of multiple pressures informs of the risks of human activities on the marine ecosystem health. The methodology builds on the spatial layers of pressures and ecosystem components and on an estimate of ecosystem sensitivity through an expert questionnaire.

The raster dataset consists of a division of the Europe's seas in 10km and 100 km grid cells, which values represents the combined effects index values for pressures caused by sea-based human activities. The relative values indicate areas where the pressures potentially affect the marine ecosystem.

This dataset underpins the findings and cartographic representations published in the report "Marine Messages" (EEA, 2020).

This dataset contains the underway data collected during the Aurora Australis Voyage 8 2000-01. This voyage went to Casey and Macquarie Island, leaving from and returning to Hobart. Underway (meteorological, fluorometer and thermosalinograph) data are available online via the Australian Antarctic Division Data Centre web page (or via the Related URL given below). For further information, see the Marine Science Support Data Quality Report at the Related URL below.

Raw GPS and ship motion data collected during the Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition 2016/2017.

Waves in the Southern Ocean are the biggest on the planet. They exert extreme stresses on the coastline of the Sub-Antarctic Islands, which affects coastal morphology and the delicate natural environment that the coastline offers. In Antarctic waters, the sea ice cover reflects a large proportion of the wave energy, creating a complicated sea state close to the ice edge. The remaining proportion of the wave energy penetrates deep into the ice-covered ocean and breaks the ice into relatively small floes. Then, the waves herd the floes and cause them to collide and raft.

There is a lack of field data in the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Oceans. Thus, wave models are not well calibrated and perform poorly in these regions. Uncertainties relate to the difficulties to model the strong interactions between waves and currents (the Antarctic Circumpolar and tidal currents) and between waves and ice (reflected waves modify the incident field and ice floes affect transmission into the ice-covered ocean). Drawbacks in wave modelling undermine our understanding and ability to protect this delicate ocean and coastal environment.

By installing a Wave and Surface Current Monitoring System (WaMoS II, a marine X-Band radar) on the research vessel Akademic Thresnikov and using the meteo-station and GPS on-board, this project has produced a large database of winds, waves and surface currents. Dara were collected during the Antarctic Circmumnavigaion Expedition, which took place from Dec. 2016 to Mar. 2017. The instrumentation operated in any weather and visibility conditions, and at night, monitoring the ocean continuously over the entire Circumnavigation.

Records can support

1. the assessment of metocean conditions in the Southern Oceans; and

2. calibration and validation of wave and global circulation models.

Data - AAS_4434_ACE_GPS contains basic metereological conditions acquired form the ship’s meteo-station, gepgraphical coordinates (latitude, longitude and altitude) from the ship’s GPS and ship motion data from the ship’s Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). These data are stored as time series with a sampling frequency of 1Hz.