On October 9, 2025, the price of regular gasoline was highest in California, at around **** U.S. dollars per gallon. This was some *** dollars above the national average of **** U.S. dollars. California's high motor fuel prices are largely determined by it being the U.S. state with the highest gasoline tax. Tax impact on pump prices As of January 2024, California's gasoline tax reached **** U.S. cents per gallon, far exceeding rates in other states. This tax burden plays a crucial role in shaping retail prices, with federal and state taxes being one of the strongest determinants of what consumers pay at the pump. The revenue generated from these taxes is typically reinvested in road infrastructure, demonstrating the direct link between fuel costs and transportation development. Winter months see lowest prices While taxes significantly influence gasoline prices, crude oil costs remain the primary factor, accounting for ** percent of the retail price in February 2025. The volatility of crude oil prices directly impacts pump prices, as seen in the fluctuations over recent years. Conventional motor fuel prices, including gasoline and diesel, are generally lowest in the winter months. This is due to generally lower demand during those months, as well as the winter fuel blend being less expensive to produce than the summer alternative.

The Atlas of the Biosphere is a product of the Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment (SAGE), part of the Gaylord Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies at the University of Wisconsin - Madison. The goal is to provide more information about the environment, and human interactions with the environment, than any other source.

The Atlas provides maps of an ever-growing number of environmental variables, under the following categories:

Human Impacts (Humans and the environment from a socio-economic perspective; i.e., Population, Life Expectancy, Literacy Rates);

Land Use (How humans are using the land; i.e., Croplands, Pastures, Urban Lands);

Ecosystems (The natural ecosystems of the world; i.e., Potential Vegetation, Temperature, Soil Texture); and

Water Resources (Water in the biosphere; i.e., Runoff, Precipitation, Lakes and Wetlands).

Map coverages are global and regional in spatial extent. Users can download map images (jpg) and data (a GIS grid of the data in ESRI ArcView Format), and can view metadata online.

A ten year road map to reduce Tonga's vulnerability to oil price shocks and achieve an increase in quality access to modern energy services in an environmentally sustainable manner.

The dataset contains gas and diesel prices for all stations in Mexico and map locations. To see how we extract info, check Jupyter Notebook.

The data was extracted from datos.gob.mx and its provided by CRE (Comisión Reguladora de Energía).

https://storage.googleapis.com/kagglesdsdata/datasets/2106875/3500593/cre.JPG?X-Goog-Algorithm=GOOG4-RSA-SHA256&X-Goog-Credential=databundle-worker-v2%40kaggle-161607.iam.gserviceaccount.com%2F20220420%2Fauto%2Fstorage%2Fgoog4_request&X-Goog-Date=20220420T200736Z&X-Goog-Expires=345599&X-Goog-SignedHeaders=host&X-Goog-Signature=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" alt="Comisión reguladora de energía.">

Info about data:

https://datos.gob.mx/busca/dataset/estaciones-de-servicio-gasolineras-y-precios-finales-de-gasolina-y-diesel

The dataset consist in two XML file format, first contains attributes of gas stations services and second file contains prices for all gas stations services.

List of service stations, XML File https://bit.ly/2V1Z3sm

List prices of gas and diesel for station, XML file https://bit.ly/2JNcTha

License info:

https://datos.gob.mx/libreusomx

Amplify Energy has been written three times before and the previous write-ups and related comments give a good overview of the history of the Company and the quality of its asset base. DO EM GO’s write up in October 2020 was particularly well timed and the stock is up over 8X since that time, however the enterprise value is only 20% higher. Ray Palmer wrote it up in April of 2022 and the stock is up 12% since then but the enterprise value is 20% lower. The muted change in enterprise value has occurred as the Company has paid down over $100MM of debt while extending its reserve to production ratio. I believe the stock is cheaper and more derisked now than it has ever been (less than 1X debt/EBITDA) and on the cusp of major catalysts over the next 3-6 months that will uncover the tremendous value of Amplify’s assets. This write-up will focus specifically on two items which we believe haven’t been fully flushed out and create a path to significant cash flow inflection and share price gains which I expect to be above and beyond what has been discussed so far: 1) clarity on the enormous value of Beta and 2) specific actions planned by management to realize the massive undervaluation of its asset base. COMPANY OVERVIEW Amplify’s assets are mature properties that are generally past the higher decline stages typically characterized by newer production. Its production decline rate is only ~6% per year for the next decade, translating to a less capital-intensive business relative to most E&P companies, especially those in the unconventional/shale business that can have corporate decline rates of 25%-35%+. Amplify is more resilient against commodity price volatility and provides for higher FCF. This FCF is highly predictable with 85%-90% hedged for natural gas until year end 2025 and 45%-50% in 2026. The oil hedge position in 70-75% for 2024, 45%-50% in 2025 and 10-15% in 2026. A screenshot of a map Description automatically generated As the slide below shows, the Company is quite cheap based on its current proved, producing assets even with fairly draconian long term commodity price assumptions. The PV 10 analysis is very sensitive to long term strip prices, which for oil prices is currently in the mid $60s, however, I am of the opinion that long term prices will trend higher not lower in the long term. This undervaluation, however, is even more severe when one considers that the Beta PV10 is dinged for decommissioning liabilities that may be delayed by decades as discussed later. Based on a FCF valuation, the Company has guided to $20-$40 million of FCF in 2024 after $33-$40 million of growth expenditures. FCF yield to equity at midpoint is 12% with fully loaded capex and 27%, excluding Beta related growth capex. Amplify is one of the longest reserve lives and highest free cash flow yielding energy Company in my universe based on the just the existing asset base. A screenshot of a screen Description automatically generated THE BETA OPPORTUNITY The following slide gives an overview of the Beta asset: A map of oil and gas waters Description automatically generated Beta is a world-class oilfield initially discovered and developed by Shell in the 1980’s drilling low angle wells through the massive, highly permeable, stacked sandstones. The last significant drilling program in the asset consisted of 7 wells drilled by Amplify’s predecessor company. Three of these wells were drilled horizontally targeting the D-Sand and delivered 1st year average production of approximately 350 gross Bopd per well. The current development plan is designed to sidetrack out of existing, shut-in wells and horizontally target the D-Sand, utilizing the latest in rotary steerable and mapping well drilling technology to optimally place wells in areas with the highest remaining oil saturation. The Beta field has the potential to be a large growth asset for decades as there are still significant resources remaining to be recovered. The original oil in place estimates of the field range from 600 million to 1 billion barrels of oil and, with only approximately 100 million barrels recovered to date, the implied recovery factor is only between 11 to 16%. There are many analogue fields in the southern California basin with very similar reservoir properties that have recovered between 30 to 40% of the original oil in place. Implication being that there is 70 million to 260 million barrels of recoverable oil in place with the midpoint of estimates being 165 million barrels. These analogous fields generally have much tighter well spacing compared to the Beta field, which presents the opportunity for significant infill drilling. The key for faster drilling is to get your website indexed instantly by Google. BETA ECONOMICS AND VALUE The Company plans to increase production from Beta starting this year and 66% of its $50-$60 million 2024 capex budget is allocated to the Beta development and one time Beta facility upgrade. The remainder of the budget,...

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Seismic Survey market size will be USD 25,640.0 million in 2025. It will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.60% from 2025 to 2033.

North America held the major market share for more than 37% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 9486.80 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.1% from 2025 to 2033.
Europe accounted for a market share of over 29% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 7435.60 million.
APAC held a market share of around 24% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 6153.60 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.3% from 2025 to 2033.
South America has a market share of more than 4% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 974.32 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.3% from 2025 to 2033.
Middle East had a market share of around 4% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD 1025.60 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.9% from 2025 to 2033.
Africa had a market share of around 2.2% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD 564.08 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.9% from 2025 to 2033.
Software is the fastest growing segment of the Seismic Survey industry

Market Dynamics of Seismic Survey Market

Key Drivers for Seismic Survey Market

Increasing Oil & Gas Exploration Is Expected To Boost Market Growth

Seismic surveys use advanced technologies such as 3D and 4D imaging, ocean-bottom nodes, and AI-powered data analytics to map underground rock formations. These techniques help oil and gas companies minimize exploration risks, optimize drilling activities, and enhance reservoir management. The ability to gather high-resolution subsurface data allows operators to make informed decisions, reducing the likelihood of dry wells and improving overall exploration success rates. As a result, seismic surveys have become an essential tool for the energy sector in maximizing hydrocarbon recovery while maintaining cost efficiency. Governments worldwide are granting new exploration licenses and offering incentives to energy companies to boost domestic oil and gas production, further driving the demand for seismic surveys. In February 2024, Brazil's Petrobras and India's Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) signed a memorandum of understanding to cooperate in exploration, production, oil and gas sales, decarbonization, and biofuels development.

https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/petrobras-indias-ongc-agree-cooperate-exploration-production-2025-02-12/

Rising Offshore Exploration Activities To Boost Market Growth

Deepwater and ultra-deepwater exploration require imaging techniques such as 3D and 4D seismic surveys, ocean-bottom seismic nodes, and advanced data processing algorithms. These technologies provide high-resolution subsurface maps that help geologists and engineers locate hydrocarbon reservoirs while minimizing drilling uncertainties. By leveraging seismic surveys, offshore operators can optimize well placement, reduce dry well occurrences, and enhance reservoir management, ultimately improving the profitability of exploration and production activities. Several key offshore regions, including the Gulf of Mexico, North Sea, South China Sea, and offshore West Africa, are witnessing increased exploration investments. Governments and energy companies are offering new offshore licensing rounds, encouraging exploration in frontier areas. Additionally, technological advancements in floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) units and subsea infrastructure are making deepwater and ultra-deepwater exploration more feasible.

Restraint Factor for the Seismic Survey Market

Complex Integration with Legacy Systems, Will Limit Market Growth

Seismic surveys are capital-intensive operations that require substantial financial investments in specialized equipment, skilled labor, and advanced data processing technologies. The high cost of acquiring and maintaining seismic vessels, airgun arrays, geophones, and ocean-bottom nodes makes offshore and onshore seismic exploration an expensive endeavor. Additionally, deploying sophisticated 3D and 4D seismic imaging systems, which provide high-resolution subsurface data, further adds to ...

In the third quarter of 2025, Bermuda had the highest household electricity prices worldwide, followed by Ireland, Italy, and Germany. At the time, Irish households were charged around 0.44 U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour, while in Italy, the price stood at 0.42 U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour. By comparison, in Russia, residents paid almost 10 times less. What is behind electricity prices? Electricity prices vary widely across the world and sometimes even within a country itself, depending on factors like infrastructure, geography, and politically determined taxes and levies. For example, in Denmark, Belgium, and Sweden, taxes constitute a significant portion of residential end-user electricity prices. Reliance on fossil fuel imports Meanwhile, thanks to their great crude oil and natural gas production output, countries like Iran, Qatar, and Russia enjoy some of the cheapest electricity prices in the world. Here, the average household pays less than 0.1 U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour. In contrast, countries heavily reliant on fossil fuel imports for electricity generation are more vulnerable to market price fluctuations.

Ocean circulation beneath ice shelves and associated rates of melting and freezing are influenced strongly by water column thickness and depth. The shape of the cavity beneath the Amery Ice Shelf is important for our understanding of ice shelf stability and freshwater input to the ocean and their dependence on climate. New seismic surveys of the centre region of the Amery Ice Shelf and ice-draft data taken at the grounding line has provided a considerable amount of new water-column thickness and bathymetry data. The data is adjusted in the unknown region south of 71 degrees 35 minutes S by comparing the complex error between simulated tides against in situ GPS observations. A finite element, hydrodynamic ocean tide model is used to simulate the 4 major constituents (S2, M2, K1 and O1). The new data differs from a previous bathymetry map in a number of places. Significantly, there is channel that leads from the Prydz bay depression into the deepest part of the AIS cavity in the south through a series of depressions. This technique has particular application when the water column beneath ice shelves is inaccessible and in situ GPS data is available.