As of 2025, the ************************ was the oldest existing stock exchange, having been in operation for *** years. The youngest major exchange at this time was the **************, which has been in operation for ** years. Note these values refer to stock market operators, meaning historical exchanges in places like as the Amsterdam or Paris are counted from the founding of the Euronext, not from when the original stock exchange was founded in that city.

The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is the largest stock exchange in the world, with an equity market capitalization of almost ** trillion U.S. dollars as of November 2025. The following largest three exchanges were the NASDAQ, PINK Exchange, and the Frankfurt Exchange. What is a stock exchange? A stock exchange is a marketplace where stockbrokers, traders, buyers, and sellers can trade in equities products. The largest exchanges have thousands of listed companies. These companies sell shares of their business, giving the general public the opportunity to invest in them. The oldest stock exchange worldwide is the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, founded in the late sixteenth century. Other functions of a stock exchange Since these are publicly traded companies, every firm listed on a stock exchange has had an initial public offering (IPO). The largest IPOs can raise billions of dollars in equity for the firm involved. Related to stock exchanges are derivatives exchanges, where stock options, futures contracts, and other derivatives can be traded.

As of December 2024, the Shanghai Stock Exchange had the largest domestic market capitalization among stock exchanges in the Asia Pacific region, amounting to approximately *** trillion U.S. dollars. Second in the ranking was the Shanghai Stock Exchange Group, followed by the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. Stock exchanges in Asia PacificThe major stock exchanges in the Asia-Pacific region are the Tokyo Stock Exchange in Japan, the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange in Mainland China, the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in Hong Kong, and the Bombay Stock Exchange in India, which is also the oldest stock exchange in Asia. Also, five out of the ten largest stock exchange operators in the world are located in Asia.What is market capitalization?Market capitalization, also commonly referred to as market cap, is a measure of the total market value of outstanding shares of a company on the stock market. It indicates a company’s relative size and value while taking various determinants such as risk and the market’s perception into consideration. There are large-cap (>** billion), mid-cap (* to ** billion) and small-cap (*** million to * billion) companies depending on their market capitalization.

Context:

The provided dataset is extracted from yahoo finance using pandas and yahoo finance library in python. This deals with stock market index of the world best economies. The code generated data from Jan 01, 2003 to Jun 30, 2023 that’s more than 20 years. There are 18 CSV files, dataset is generated for 16 different stock market indices comprising of 7 different countries. Below is the list of countries along with number of indices extracted through yahoo finance library, while two CSV files deals with annualized return and compound annual growth rate (CAGR) has been computed from the extracted data.

Number of Countries & Index:

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F15657145%2F90ce8a986761636e3edbb49464b304d8%2FNumber%20of%20Index.JPG?generation=1688490342207096&alt=media" alt="">

Content:

Unit of analysis: Stock Market Index Analysis

This dataset is useful for research purposes, particularly for conducting comparative analyses involving capital market performance and could be used along with other economic indicators.

There are 18 distinct CSV files associated with this dataset. First 16 CSV files deals with number of indices and last two CSV file deals with annualized return of each year and CAGR of each index. If data in any column is blank, it portrays that index was launch in later years, for instance: Bse500 (India), this index launch in 2007, so earlier values are blank, similarly China_Top300 index launch in year 2021 so early fields are blank too.

The extraction process involves applying different criteria, like in 16 CSV files all columns are included, Adj Close is used to calculate annualized return. The algorithm extracts data based on index name (code given by the yahoo finance) according start and end date.

Annualized return and CAGR has been calculated and illustrated in below image along with machine readable file (CSV) attached to that.

To extract the data provided in the attachment, various criteria were applied:

1. Content Filtering: The data was filtered based on several attributes, including the index name, start and end date. This filtering process ensured that only relevant data meeting the specified criteria.

2. Collaborative Filtering: Another filtering technique used was collaborative filtering using yahoo finance, which relies on index similarity. This approach involves finding indices that are similar to other index or extended dataset scope to other countries or economies. By leveraging this method, the algorithm identifies and extracts data based on similarities between indices.

In the last two CSV files, one belongs to annualized return, that was calculated based on the Adj close column and new DataFrame created to store its outcome. Below is the image of annualized returns of all index (if unreadable, machine-readable or CSV format is attached with the dataset).

Annualized Return:

As far as annualised rate of return is concerned, most of the time India stock market indices leading, followed by USA, Canada and Japan stock market indices.

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F15657145%2F37645bd90623ea79f3708a958013c098%2FAnnualized%20Return.JPG?generation=1688525901452892&alt=media" alt="">

Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR):

The best performing index based on compound growth is Sensex (India) that comprises of top 30 companies is 15.60%, followed by Nifty500 (India) that is 11.34% and Nasdaq (USA) all is 10.60%.

The worst performing index is China top300, however this is launch in 2021 (post pandemic), so would not possible to examine at that stage (due to less data availability). Furthermore, UK and Russia indices are also top 5 in the worst order.

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F15657145%2F58ae33f60a8800749f802b46ec1e07e7%2FCAGR.JPG?generation=1688490409606631&alt=media" alt="">

Geography: Stock Market Index of the World Top Economies

Time period: Jan 01, 2003 – June 30, 2023

Variables: Stock Market Index Title, Open, High, Low, Close, Adj Close, Volume, Year, Month, Day, Yearly_Return and CAGR

File Type: CSV file

Inspiration:

• Time series prediction model
• Investment opportunities in world best economies
• Comparative Analysis of past data with other stock market indices or other indices

Disclaimer:

This is not a financial advice; due diligence is required in each investment decision.

As of May 2025, the pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca was the leading company listed on the London Exchange (LSE), with a market capitalization of 159 billion British pounds. This made them the largest of all companies listed on the LSE. Seen as the heart of the global financial community, the London Stock Exchange is the second-largest stock market in Europe and ranks eighth globally. Key information The London Stock Exchange (LSE) is among the largest stock market operators globally and ranks 11th in terms of the oldest stock exchanges in existence, with 224 years of operation as of 2025. Performance after Covid The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound effect on the global economy, causing considerable volatility on the stock market. The London Stock Exchange (LSE) saw a notable decline in the market capitalization value of its listed companies, reaching its lowest value in March 2020 at approximately three trillion British pounds in correlation with a surge in the average daily number of trades, which peaked at over two billion. Following this initial reaction, the LSE observed a decrease in the average daily active traders, alongside a gradual recovery in the market capitalization of the listed companies.

Market Capitalization: MSE: excl Non Malawi Registered Old Mutual Shares data was reported at 1,416,446.920 MWK mn in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1,434,953.370 MWK mn for Sep 2018. Market Capitalization: MSE: excl Non Malawi Registered Old Mutual Shares data is updated monthly, averaging 225,170.475 MWK mn from Jan 2004 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 170 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,434,953.370 MWK mn in Sep 2018 and a record low of 10,259.680 MWK mn in Jan 2004. Market Capitalization: MSE: excl Non Malawi Registered Old Mutual Shares data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Malawi Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malawi – Table MW.Z002: Malawi Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization.

China's main stock market index, the SHANGHAI, fell to 3898 points on December 2, 2025, losing 0.42% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has declined 1.98%, though it remains 15.36% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from China. China Shanghai Composite Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

India's main stock market index, the SENSEX, fell to 85138 points on December 2, 2025, losing 0.59% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 1.38% and is up 5.31% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from India. BSE SENSEX Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Segro PLC was the biggest real estate investment trust (REIT) trading on the London Stock Exchange as of March 2025. A real estate investment trust (REIT) is a company that owns, and in most cases operates, income-producing real estate. REITs invest in many types of commercial real estate: offices, rental apartments, industrial warehouses, as well as hospitals, hotels, and retail properties. Market cap of REITS As of March 31, 2025, Segro PLC was ranked at the high end of the scale, with approximately ****billion British pounds in market capitalization. Segro PLC operates in eight European countries and specializes in big box and urban warehousing for retailers, logistics and transport companies, manufacturers, wholesalers. The London Stock Exchange (LSE) LSE is one of the oldest stock exchanges in the world, listing approximately ***** companies with an aggregate market capitalization of approximately *** trillion British pounds in 2024.

Ireland Market Capitalization: Irish Stock Exchange: Equity: Main Securities Market data was reported at 104,494.470 EUR mn in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 110,891.130 EUR mn for Sep 2018. Ireland Market Capitalization: Irish Stock Exchange: Equity: Main Securities Market data is updated monthly, averaging 72,786.020 EUR mn from Dec 2000 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 215 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 127,503.090 EUR mn in May 2007 and a record low of 27,771.470 EUR mn in Feb 2009. Ireland Market Capitalization: Irish Stock Exchange: Equity: Main Securities Market data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Irish Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.Z002: Irish Stock Exchange: Market Capitalization. The Irish Stock Exchange (ISE) renamed this securities market with effect from May 2010. The old name was Official List and it has been changed to Main Securities Market (MSM).

The number of domestic companies listed on the Nasdaq and on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) has seen some fluctuations since 2018. As of the end of 2023, the NYSE had a total of ***** listed domestic and international companies, while the figure for the Nasdaq was much higher, standing at *****. Despite this, the NYSE has a higher market capitalization than the Nasdaq. What are the top listed companies? The NYSE has been a home for stable and long-lasting firms, also known as “blue-chip” companies. For example, Berkshire Hathaway, established in 1839, is the largest company traded on the NYSE. On the other hand, the Nasdaq has been known for listing major tech companies. For instance, Apple is the largest company listed on the Nasdaq. As of 2024, both companies were among the biggest companies in the world in terms of market capitalization. Which stock exchange has the most companies worldwide? Although the NYSE and the Nasdaq are the world’s largest two stock market operators by market capitalization, the Japan Exchange Group (JPX) is the biggest stock exchange in the world based on the number of companies. The JPX was created in 2013 through the merger of the Tokyo Stock Exchange and the Osaka Securities Exchange and is also one of the largest stock exchanges in the world based on total market capitalization.

About this dataset

India's National Stock Exchange (NSE) has a total market capitalization of more than US$3.4 trillion, making it the world's 10th-largest stock exchange as of August 2021, with a trading volume of ₹8,998,811 crore (US$1.2 trillion) and more 2000 total listings.

NSE's flagship index, the NIFTY 50, is a 50 stock index is used extensively by investors in India and around the world as a barometer of the Indian capital market.

This dataset contains data of all company stocks listed in the NSE, allowing anyone to analyze and make educated choices about their investments, while also contributing to their countries economy.

How to use this dataset

• Create a time series regression model to predict NIFTY-50 value and/or stock prices.
• Explore the most the returns, components and volatility of the stocks.
• Identify high and low performance stocks among the list.

Highlighted Notebooks

• Your kernel can be featured here!
• Related Dataset: S&P 500 Stocks - daily updated
• More datasets

Acknowledgements

License

CC0: Public Domain

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From a regional perspective, Asia Pacific dominates the global rolling stock market, accounting for the largest share in 2024. This leadership position is attributed to rapid urbanization, significant government investments in rail infrastructure, and the presence of major rolling stock manufacturers in countries such as China, Japan, and India. North America and Europe also represent substantial markets, driven by ongoing infrastructure modernization projects and the adoption of advanced technologies. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are emerging as promising regions, with governments prioritizing rail development to support economic diversification and regional connectivity. The regional outlook remains positive, with all major markets expected to witness healthy growth rates throughout the forecast period.

Ireland Turnover: Irish Stock Exchange: Number of Deals: Equity: Main Securities Market data was reported at 626,024.000 Unit in Nov 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 665,796.000 Unit for Oct 2018. Ireland Turnover: Irish Stock Exchange: Number of Deals: Equity: Main Securities Market data is updated monthly, averaging 239,480.000 Unit from Mar 2006 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 153 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 723,594.000 Unit in Mar 2018 and a record low of 55,425.000 Unit in Jul 2006. Ireland Turnover: Irish Stock Exchange: Number of Deals: Equity: Main Securities Market data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Irish Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.Z003: Irish Stock Exchange: Turnover. The Irish Stock Exchange (ISE) renamed this securities market with effect from May 2010. The old name was Official List and it has been changed to Main Securities Market (MSM).

Graph and download economic data for CBOE Volatility Index: VIX (VIXCLS) from 1990-01-02 to 2025-12-01 about VIX, volatility, stock market, and USA.

Pakistan's main stock market index, the KSE 100, fell to 167838 points on December 2, 2025, losing 0.13% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 3.09% and is up 60.52% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Pakistan. Pakistan Stock Market (KSE100) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

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There have been ups and downs in the history of the Dow Jones Industrial Average index (DJIA). Some years brought as much as ** percent of decrease in its value. Great Recession, however, took the largest toll on the Dow. In 1931, the index lost ***** percent of its value.

Index history

Dow Jones Industrial Average index (DJIA) is one of the most important stock market indices worldwide. It was created in 1896 by Charles Dow and Edward Jones. DJIA is the second oldest U.S. stock index after the Dow Jones Transportation Average, which was established in 1984.

Index components

DJIA reflects the performance of thirty large U.S. publicly traded companies. When the index was created, it was primarily composed of industrial companies, hence the index name. With time, the economic situation in the U.S. has changed and apart from industrial companies, which played a huge role in the market in the **** and the beginning of the **** century, also companies from other leading industries were incorporated into the index. At present, the DJIA index is composed of most renowned U.S. corporations, such as Coca Cola, Microsoft or Walt Disney.

Ireland ISEQ Equity: Irish Stock Exchange: Value Index: ESM data was reported at 2,578.140 30Dec2008=1000 in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 2,529.400 30Dec2008=1000 for May 2018. Ireland ISEQ Equity: Irish Stock Exchange: Value Index: ESM data is updated monthly, averaging 1,898.720 30Dec2008=1000 from Apr 2008 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 123 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,048.580 30Dec2008=1000 in Apr 2008 and a record low of 896.180 30Dec2008=1000 in Feb 2009. Ireland ISEQ Equity: Irish Stock Exchange: Value Index: ESM data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Irish Stock Exchange. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.Z001: Irish Stock Exchange: Index. The Irish Stock Exchange (ISE) renamed this securities market with effect from May 2010. The old name was Irish Enterprise Exchange (IEX) and it has been changed to Enterprise Securities Market (ESM).

The FIFO (First In, First Out) Register market plays a pivotal role in various industries, including retail, logistics, and inventory management. As companies strive for efficiency and accuracy, FIFO registers help maintain a systematic approach to inventory control by ensuring that the oldest stock is sold or used