The dataset deposited include 83 in-depth interviews that were conducted with refugees across the UK: Glasgow, Cardiff, Manchester and London. Detailed migration histories were collected from 83 refugees living in the UK and explored issues including arrival to the UK, experiences of the dispersal process, opinions and experiences of place, integration and citizenship.

There are 81 word files of individual interviews and one word file which contains the transcripts of a joint interview with two different individuals.

Since 2000 the UK has operated compulsory dispersal, a policy designed to ‘spread the burden’ of housing asylum seekers who require accommodation across the UK and discourage long-term settlement in London and the South East. To enhance understanding of refugee integration in the UK, this research focuses on the onward migration decisions of those who were dispersed and later granted refugee or humanitarian protection status. To date, much of the dispersal literature has critiqued the policy and focused on the negative outcomes for individuals removed from their networks. This project fills a knowledge gap surrounding the onward migration decisions and integration outcomes of refugees who were dispersed as asylum seekers in the UK. In this two-year (2012-2014), ESRC-funded project, we mapped the geography of onward migration amongst refugees dispersed across the UK as asylum seekers. We then explored the main factors that influence refugees' decision to stay in a town or city or move on and considered how this affects the process of integration. And finally we examined policy implications for different levels of governance, service providers and the voluntary sector, in terms of the long-term impact of UK dispersal policy upon refugee onward migration and integration.

This table contains data on immigration and emigration including administrative corrections by sex, country of origin and country of birth. The data are available per month and per year.

CBS is moving to a new classification of the population by origin. From now on, it is more decisive where someone was born, in addition to where someone's parents were born. The word "migration background" is no longer used. The main classification Western/non-Western is replaced by a classification based on continents and common immigration countries. This classification is gradually introduced in tables and publications with population by origin.

Data available from: January 2022.

Status of figures: The figures up to 2023 are final. Figures from 2024 onwards are provisional. Interim adjustments from previous months are possible.

Changes as of 28 June 2024: The final figures for 2023 and provisional figures for May 2024 have been added.

Changes as of 17 November 2023: None, this is a new table. This table is the successor of Immi- and emigration; per month, migration background, gender; 1995-2023. See paragraph 3. The following changes have been made to the discontinued table: - The tab ‘Migration background’ has been replaced by ‘Country of origin’; - The countries of origin Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Turkey are allotted to continent Asia (was Europe); - The tab ‘Generation’ has been replaced by ‘Country of birth’.

When will there be new figures? For the time being, only data from 2022 onwards is available in the table. The periods 1996 to 2021 will be added to the table at a later date. At the end of each month, the provisional figures for the previous month shall be published. Interim adjustments from previous months are possible. In the third quarter of each year, the provisional figures for the previous year shall be replaced by final figures.

The United States had the highest net migration levels of the G7 countries between 2000 and 2025. This is unsurprising as it also is the country with the highest population of the seven. Moreover, net migration to the United States decreased from 2016 and onwards, following the beginning of the Trump administration. Germany's net migration peaked in 2015 and 2022 after a high number of refugees immigrated to the country, but has been decreasing since. In terms of net migration per 1,000 inhabitants, the U.S. had the highest ratio in 2025.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Onward population by age cohorts (Children: Under 18 years; Working population: 18-64 years; Senior population: 65 years or more). It lists the population in each age cohort group along with its percentage relative to the total population of Onward. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population distribution across children, working population and senior population for dependency ratio, housing requirements, ageing, migration patterns etc.

Key observations

The largest age group was 18 to 64 years with a poulation of 83 (53.55% of the total population). Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Age cohorts:

• Under 18 years
• 18 to 64 years
• 65 years and over

Variables / Data Columns

• Age Group: This column displays the age cohort for the Onward population analysis. Total expected values are 3 groups ( Children, Working Population and Senior Population).
• Population: The population for the age cohort in Onward is shown in the following column.
• Percent of Total Population: The population as a percent of total population of the Onward is shown in the following column.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Onward Population by Age. You can refer the same here

In social demography the migrants’ point of view regarding their migratory intentions is commonly studied using stated preferences, since it is viewed as one of the most reliable predictors of future behaviour. Recently scholars have begun to examine differences between various pre-move thoughts instead of considering just one simple act in the migration decision-making process. Examples include desires and expectations to move or considerations and plans to move. However, few of the studies so far have addressed the central question of the factors intervening in the migration decision-making process of staying, returning or moving to another country altogether. Despite much excellent work on residential and international migration intentions, the subject of return or onward migration intentions has attracted little attention. Furthermore, the process of migration decision-making as such is understudied. Finally, existing studies generally considered the migrant population as a whole or focused on one specific type of migrant and did not compare different types of migrants. Yet, without an understanding of those dimensions we are left with an inadequate analysis of the current migration patterns and its drivers. This study will contribute to the literature by examining the case of recent German immigrants living in Switzerland. It adopts a comparative approach by focusing on the decision-making process regarding different types of migrants as well as varying migratory projects, i.e. the intention to stay in Switzerland, to return to Germany or to move to another country. New survey data will be collected to allow a close and in-depth analysis of the factors that determine their mobility intentions and plans. Moreover, we will gain new empirical insights into the process of decision-making and the existence of different types of migrants in today’s legal context of free movement of persons; this being new evidence that will finally allow us to theoretically refine the conceptual framework of the migration decision-making process of different migratory projects and subgroups and to better understand current migration patterns within EU/EFTA-countries.

In 2024, approximately 948,000 million people migrated to the United Kingdom, while 517,000 people migrated from the UK, resulting in a net migration figure of 431,000. There have consistently been more people migrating to the United Kingdom than leaving it since 1993 when the net migration figure was negative 1,000. Although migration from the European Union has declined since the Brexit vote of 2016, migration from non-EU countries accelerated rapidly from 2021 onwards. In the year to June 2023, 968,000 people from non-EU countries migrated to the UK, compared with 129,000 from EU member states. Immigration and the 2024 election Since late 2022, immigration, along with the economy and healthcare, has consistently been seen by UK voters as one of the top issues facing the country. Despite a pledge to deter irregular migration via small boats, and controversial plans to send asylum applicants to Rwanda while their claims are being processed, Rishi Sunak's Conservative government lost the trust of the public on this issue. On the eve of the last election, 20 percent of Britons thought the Labour Party would be the best party to handle immigration, compared with 13 percent who thought the Conservatives would handle it better. Sunak and the Conservatives went on to lose this election, suffering their worst defeat in modern elections. Historical context of migration The first humans who arrived in the British Isles, were followed by acts of conquest and settlement from Romans, Anglo-Saxons, Danes, and Normans. In the early modern period, there were also significant waves of migration from people fleeing religious or political persecution, such as the French Huguenots. More recently, large numbers of people also left Britain. Between 1820 and 1957, for example, around 4.5 million people migrated from Britain to America. After World War Two, immigration from Britain's colonies and former colonies was encouraged to meet labour demands. A key group that migrated from the Caribbean between the late 1940s and early 1970s became known as the Windrush generation, named after one of the ships that brought the arrivals to Britain.

This is a primer review of international migration theory and international migration from Bangladesh. We first present a review of the theory of international migration. Regarding international migration from Bangladesh, we note that by the middle of 2020, about 7.4 million people of Bangladesh origin were staying overseas, the sixth-largest worldwide and second-largest in South Asia. Yet there are concerns about illegal human trafficking and smuggling of undocumented workers. Recently there has been the COVID-19 pandemic, starting from the end of 2019 to date. Bangladesh international migration ground realities are often uncertain and challenging, with new situations emerging now and then in many different host countries. In summary, we argue that recent models of migration theory (circular, onward and return migration models) have successfully incorporated issues of international migration from large source countries, such as Bangladesh.

1. Most migratory songbirds travel between their breeding areas and wintering grounds through a series of nocturnal flights. The timing of their departures defines the potential flight duration and thus the distance covered during a migratory night. Yet, migratory songbirds show substantial variation in their nocturnal departure timing.
2. With this study we aim to assess whether the respective challenges of the migration route, namely its distance and nature, help to explain this variation.
3. At a stopover site, we caught Northern Wheatears (Oenanthe oenanthe) of two subspecies that differ in distance and nature of their onward migration route in spring, but not in autumn. We determined the start of their nocturnal migratory restlessness during short-term captivity, and radio-tracked their nocturnal departure timing after release in both migration seasons.
4. Northern Wheatears started their nocturnal migratory restlessness earlier when facing a long remaining migration distance and an extended sea barrier in spring. Individual departure directions generally affected the nocturnal departure timing with early departures being directed towards the respective migratory destination. In spring, this pattern was predominantly found in birds carrying relatively large fuel stores, but was absent in lean birds. At the same time, birds facing a short remaining migration distance and no extended sea barrier strongly reacted to relatively large fuel stores by an early start of nocturnal migratory behavior (migratory restlessness and departure timing), whereas this reaction was not found in birds facing a long remaining migration distance and sea barrier.
5. These results suggest that the basic diel schedule of birds’ migratory activity is adapted to the onward migration route. Further they suggest that birds adjust their behavioral response, i.e. start of nocturnal migratory behavior, to fuel stores in relation to their impending migratory challenges. This is a substantial step in understanding variation of nocturnal departure timing and its adjustments in migratory songbirds. Further, it emphasizes the importance of interpreting birds’ nocturnal migratory behavior in the respective ecological context.

Instream structures like culverts and dams can impede upstream fish migration, acting as environmental filters that only allow onward migration of individuals that can successfully pass them. Cognition and learning ability may be an important factor in determining if a fish can successfully traverse such structures. This study investigated the effect of repeated exposure on passage performance of juvenile Galaxias maculatus through an experimental raceway. Over five consecutive days, individual fish were subjected to the same high-speed (0.45-0.5 m s^-1) conditions within the raceway, and performance on each day was recorded. The proportion of fish successfully passing the barrier increased significantly from 40% on Day 1 to 63% on Day 5. Time-to-event analysis further revealed that by Day 5, fish successfully passed the barrier at a significantly faster rate compared to Day 1. However, repeated exposure did not significantly improve approach or entry rates into the raceway. Fish length influenced approach rates, but not entry or passage rates. These findings suggest that cognition and spatial memory play a role in improving passage performance through velocity barriers, but other factors such as attraction flows may also play an important role in successful passage outcomes.

External migrations from 2002 onwards by year, 5 year old age groups, municipality, nationality (country group)

Influenza A viruses (IAV) circulate endemically among many wild aquatic bird populations that seasonally migrate between wintering grounds in southern latitudes to breeding ranges along the perimeter of the circumpolar arctic. Arctic and subarctic zones are hypothesized to serve as ecologic drivers of the intercontinental movement and reassortment of IAVs due to high densities of disparate populations of long distance migratory and native bird species present during breeding seasons. Iceland is a staging ground that connects the East Atlantic and North Atlantic American flyways, providing a unique study system for characterizing viral flow between eastern and western hemispheres. Using Bayesian phylodynamic analyses, we sought to evaluate the viral connectivity of Iceland to proximal regions and how inter-species transmission and reassortment dynamics in this region influence the geographic spread of low and highly pathogenic IAVs. Findings demonstrate that IAV movement in the arctic and subarctic follows seabird migration around the perimeter of the circumpolar north, favoring short-distance flights between proximal regions rather than long distance flights over the polar interior. Iceland connects virus movement between mainland Europe and North America, particularly due to the westward migration of wild birds from mainland Europe to Northeastern Canada and Greenland. Though virus diffusion rates were similar among avian taxonomic groups in Iceland, gulls act as recipients and not sources of IAVs to other avian hosts prior to onward migration. These data identify patterns of virus movement in northern latitudes and inform future surveillance strategies related to seasonal and emergent IAVs with pandemic potential. Methods Field sample collection From May 2010 through February 2018, we obtained IAV isolates from various species of seabirds, shorebirds, and waterfowl as well as environmental sampling of avian fecal material from locations throughout Iceland (capture and swab data can be found here: https://doi.org/10.5066/XX (Dusek et al. 202X)). Live sampled birds were captured using a 18m x 12m cannon-propelled capture net, noose pole, or hand capture. Birds found dead or moribund were also sampled. Hunter-harvested waterfowl and fisheries-bycatch seabirds were sampled as available. All birds were identified to species and, for live birds, individually marked with metal bands. Age characteristics were determined and age was documented for each bird according to the following schemes adapted from U.S. Geological Survey year classification codes: hatched in same calendar year as sampling (1CY), hatched previous calendar year (2CY), hatched previous calendar year or older, exact age unknown (2CY+), hatched three calendar years prior to sampling (3CY), hatched four calendar years prior to sampling (4CY), hatched more than four calendar years prior to sampling (4CY+), or unknown if age could not be determined (U) (Olsen KM, 2004; Prater, Marchant, & Vuorinen, 1977; USGS, 2020). Due to species specific differences, not all aging categories could be applied to all species sampled. All live birds were immediately released following completion of sampling. To sample for IAV, a single polyester-tipped swab was used to swab the cloaca only (2010-2013) or to first swab the oral cavity then the cloaca (2014-2017). Opportunistic environmental sampling of fecal material was also conducted using a direct swabbing method (2018). Each swab sample was immediately placed in individual cryovials containing 1.25 ml viral transport media (Docherty & Slota, 1988). Vials were held on ice for up to 5 hours prior to being stored in liquid nitrogen or liquid nitrogen vapor. Samples were shipped on dry ice from Iceland to Madison, Wisconsin, USA by private courier with dry ice replenishment during shipping. Once received in the laboratory, samples were stored at -80o C until analysis. Virus extraction, RT-PCR, virus isolation Viral RNA was extracted from swab samples using the MagMAXTM-96 AI/ND Viral RNA Isolation Kit (Ambion, Austin, TX) following the manufacturer’s procedures. Real-time RT-PCR was performed using previously published procedures, primers, and probes (Spackman et al., 2002) designed to detect the IAV matrix gene. RT-PCR assays utilized reagents provided in the Qiagen OneStep® RT-PCR kit. Virus isolation was performed in embryonating chicken egg culture on all swab samples exhibiting positive Ct values from RT-PCR analysis (Woolcock, 2008), with a primary cut off value of 45 on primary screen and 22 on secondary screen. All virus isolates were screened for the presence of H5 and H7 IAV subtypes using primers and probes specific for those subtypes (Spackman et al., 2002). Egg-grown virus isolates were sequenced using multiple standard methods including Sanger, Roche 454, and Illumina (HiSeq 2000 and MiSeq) sequencing (Dusek et al., 2014; Guan et al., 2019; Hall et al., 2014). Datasets for phylodynamic analyses Global dataset: The PB2 segment was selected as the basis for phylodynamic analysis. Advantages of focusing on PB2 - the largest internal segment of the IAV genome - include maximizing the number of nucleotides in the analysis (>2000 nts) and investigating transmission dynamics without targeting a specific subtype. All available avian and marine mammal IAV PB2 genes sequenced between 2009 and 2019 globally were downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Influenza Virus Resource database (NCBI IVR) (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/FLU/FLU.html) on February 12, 2020, resulting in 13,469 sequences. Duplicate sequences (based on collection date, location, and nucleotide content) and sequences with less than 75% unambiguous bases were removed, and all vaccine derivative and laboratory-synthesized recombinant sequences were excluded. Sequences in the dataset were only included if isolation dates, location, and host species were available, resulting in 7,245 remaining sequences. Downsampling of taxa: The downsampling strategy aimed to reduce the number of sequence taxa for computation and mitigate sampling bias while maintaining the genetic diversity in the dataset. Four variables were considered important for explaining genetic diversity in the IAV sequence dataset: geographic region, host taxa, sampling year, and hemagglutinin (HA) subtype. Geographic regions included North America, Europe, Iceland, Asia, Africa, and South America (Australia and Antarctica were removed due to insufficient sequence counts). HA subtypes included H1, H2, H3, H4, H6, H8, H10, H11, H12, H13, H14, H15, H16, and pooled H5/7/9. H5, H7, and H9 were combined, as these were over-represented in the global dataset. Host categories included Anseriformes, Charadriiformes, Galliformes, and Other, which comprised all other avian taxa and marine mammals. To inform the downsampling strategy and evaluate if any of the four variables were correlated, a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was performed (JMP Pro v.14.0.0 (JMP Version 14.0.0, 1989-2019)). The MCA uses categorical data as input, which for this study included the sampling metadata associated with each sequence (region, host taxa, year, and HA subtype). Through representation of the variables in two-dimensional Euclidean space, significant clustering of HA subtypes with host taxa was detected (Supplementary Fig. 1), indicative of host-specific subtypes that are a well-known feature of influenza. These findings confirmed by previously published data on species-specificity of HA subtypes (Byrd-Leotis, Cummings, & Steinhauer, 2017; Long, Mistry, Haslam, & Barclay, 2019; Verhagen et al., 2015) led us to downsample the dataset stratifying taxa by two non-overlapping variables: geographic region and HA subtype. Data were downsampled to maintain 21-75 taxa per geographic region category and 6-30 per HA subtype category, resulting in a total of 301 sequences (outgroup). This step was performed to mitigate sampling bias resulting in over-representation of species or viral strains, while accounting for genetic diversity in the dataset. Next, to ensure relative evenness of geographic state groupings for discrete trait analyses, virus sequences from Iceland (n=93) were downsampled by stratifying taxa by HA subtype and maintaining 1-15 sequences per category, resulting in 63 sequences (ingroup). These 63 sequences were used for global and local discrete trait analyses and reflected the composition of diverse subtypes by host for the full Iceland sequence dataset. The resulting dataset reflected the underlying composition of host-specific subtypes present in this localized system. To assist with rooting and time-calibration of the tree, historical avian sequences from NCBI IVR were downloaded for the years 1979-2008. These were downsampled by year to ensure one sequence per year, resulting in 30 historic sequences. The total downsampled dataset, including the outgroup (n=301), ingroup (n=63), and historic sequences (n=30) resulted in a total of 394 sequences. Europe-Iceland-North America Datasets: To elucidate viral dynamics between significant source regions and Iceland and within-Iceland phylodynamics, a second analysis was performed at a restricted scale to Europe, Iceland, and North America. The cleaned global dataset described above (n=7245) was downsampled to include significant source regions of North America (n=3222) and Europe (n=407), totaling 3629 sequences. To identify at lower spatial resolution the source/sink locations relevant to Iceland, a K-means cluster analysis was performed (JMP Pro v.14.0.0 (JMP Version 14.0.0, 1989-2019)) using latitude/longitude coordinates for each of the 3629 sequences (obtained by extracting sampling location from the strain name of each sequence and searching in www.geonames.org). A total of 20 intraregional clusters resulted in highest support. Identified clusters with <50 sequences were combined with geographically proximal

In 2015 a team of researchers based in Greece, Italy, Turkey and Malta undertook interviews with refugees and migrants as well as stakeholders and observed events of the so-called ‘migration crisis’ as they unfolded.

The dataset deposited here includes information on semi-structured interviews with a total of 500 refugees and migrants, 440 of whom had crossed the Mediterranean by boat in 2015 to Greece (215 interviews), Italy (205 interviews) and Malta (20 interviews) together with a further 60 respondents who had moved to Turkey and were considering making the onward journey to Europe. These countries reflected the key locations of the crisis.

The initial analysis of the dataset has meant that it has been coded to record who was on the move, the journeys that they made and the routes that they took. This enables an examination of the relationship between micro-level characteristics and the geographies of migration that were recorded.

Specifically the dataset here includes:

1. Methodological note - a description of the project, the approach to the fieldwork and the analysis undertaken

2. Individuals - data on the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the interviewees.

3. Routes - data on the routes taken by our interviewees and the duration taken to travel along them.

4. Journeys - data setting out the individual stops and journeys recorded from each interviewee, travel method between them and duration of travel. This has been prepared for insertion into GIS Mapping software.

   In the first six months of 2015 more than 100,000 migrants crossed the Mediterranean, arriving at the shores of southern Europe in search of protection or a better life. In the same period more than 1,800 people lost their lives, drowning as overloaded and often unseaworthy boats sank into the sea. Although the crisis is in many ways nothing new, these scenes have captured the public and media imagination and have challenged the ability of European States to respond appropriately. Recent months have seen increasingly heated discussions at the national and EU level about whether rescues at sea are a vital humanitarian intervention or simply encourage others to attempt the crossing, and whether those who arrive can be dealt with through mandatory or voluntary relocation quotas. Many of these discussions are underpinned by assumptions about why it is that migrants make the journey to Europe in the first place.

In this context the research aims to better understand the dynamics of migration in the Mediterranean region by providing the first large-scale, systematic and comparative study of the backgrounds, experiences, aspirations and routes of migrants in four European countries (Italy, Greece, Malta and Turkey) gathered from 550 migrants who have recently arrived and 100 stakeholders. The research pushes the theoretical and conceptual boundaries of migration studies, encouraging critical reflexive dialogue and practice by opening new and inclusive spaces for questioning and challenging established ways of categorising and thinking about with the Mediterranean migration crisis. In so doing it will create opportunities for increased policy dialogue and academic collaboration between the case study countries - and across the EU more generally - around the evidence gathered.

The research is underpinned by a number of urgent research questions which inform the collection and analysis of the data: 1. What are the underlying factors shaping migration from countries of origin and how do the characteristics and backgrounds of migrants shape the response to structural issues? 2. What are the opportunity structures that shape, inform or constrain migrant journeys to Europe? 3. What are the differences between the Central Mediterranean (principally from Libya to Italy and Malta) and Eastern (Turkey to Greece) Mediterranean routes? 4. To what extent are migrant journeys to Europe, or particular countries within Europe, shaped or even determined by non-state actors (agents, facilitators and civil society)? 5. What are the impacts of policies intended to deter or prevent migrants from crossing the Mediterranean?

The research will be delivered by a team of leading UK migration scholars from the Universities of Coventry, Oxford, Birmingham and Sussex working in collaboration with academic partners in the case study countries and supported by experts from international, governmental and non-governmental organisations. The team has established relationships with local civil society organisations that will facilitate access to research participants and provide advice and information on policy or other developments which could impact on the delivery of the project.

The research will benefit a wide range of academic, governmental, international and civil society organisations and inform the development of strategic, political and policy responses to the migration crisis in the Mediterranean. This impact will be secured through...

Since 2015, the inflow of foreign nationals in Spain has been greater than the number of people migrating out of the country. Having peaked in 2021, the number of foreign national leaving Spain reached approximately 481,700 in 2023, in contrast to roughly 1,098,000 that moved into the country. This change in tendency resulted in a positive net migration rate from 2015 onwards.

In 2023, India witnessed a negative net migration of 486 thousand people. Fluctuations in the migrant population was seen over the years from 2016 onward in the country. A negative net migration rate indicates that more people are leaving a region than are moving in.

This dataset provides the components of change within the official population estimates for the local authorities in Wales. These estimates are consistent with the results of Census 2011 and show the contributions that natural change (births less deaths); different elements of migration and other smaller adjustments make to the changing population estimates in each local authority over the period since 1991. It should be noted that there are some definitional changes for mid-2020 (particularly affecting the migration components) compared to mid-2019 populations estimates data and it is advised that users read the Quality and Methodology Information section on the Office for National Statistics website. Internal migration estimates for mid-2023 have been produced using a different method to previous years, following a change to the variables available in the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) data. This has resulted in Wales level data for internal inward and internal outward migration being unavailable for mid-2023. This material is Crown Copyright and may be re-used (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The OECD International Migration database presents data showcasing flows and stocks of the total immigrant population and immigrant labour force, together with data on acquisition of nationality. This database contains annual data from 1980 onwards.

Main Topics:

The database covers:

• international and population migration
• immigration and immigrants
• emigration and emigrants
• asylum seekers by nationality
• nationalities
• educational attainment
• employment and unemployment

From 2008 onwards, the migration balance in the Netherlands was positive, meaning that more people settled in the Netherlands than leaving for newer pastures. In 2022, the migration balance was 223,800. In 2022, the number of people in the Netherlands with a migration background (defined as someone who has at least one parent born abroad) was over 4.4 million.

 Regions of origin 

In 2020, the largest group of immigrants in the Netherlands came from other European countries, followed by migrants from Asian countries and the Americas. Over 1.4 million immigrants in the Netherlands were either born in another European country themselves or had a parent coming from here one. The Polish were especially well-represented, with over 25,000 immigrants in 2020.  

Attitudes towards immigration  

In a 2017 survey, respondents were asked how they feel about immigration from other EU countries. 70 percent stated to be fairly or very positive about this. By comparison, only five percent of the respondents answered to feel very negative about EU migration. Respondents were less positive about migration from non-EU countries, but the share of people feeling fairly or very positive about this still reached 45 percent.

External migration from 2002 onwards by year, 5 year old age groups, country of origin/destination, nationality (dichotome)

This dataset provides the percentage of the population in Wales in each of several broad age bands since Census 1871 by sex. Data for individual local authorities are also included from 2001 onwards. It should be noted that for mid-2020 there are some definitional changes (particularly affecting the migration components) compared with mid-2019 population estimates data, and it is advised users read the Quality and Methodology Information section on the Office for National Statistics website. For Wales, the mid-2021 population estimates are the first population estimates to be based on Census 2021. Internal migration estimates for mid-2023 have been produced using a different method to previous years, following a change to the variables available in the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) data. This material is Crown Copyright and may be re-used (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence.

IntroductionHealth care providers are increasingly required to provide care to patients from diverse cultural backgrounds. A culturally competent approach could be used to address gaps in the health care of migrants, whether they are refugees, asylum seekers, or undocumented migrants. From June 2021 onward, there are estimated to be 4,300 asylum seekers in Lithuania who crossed the Belarusian border. Furthermore, ~65 thousand Ukrainians registered within 6 months of the beginning of the war on 24 February 2022.AimTo determine the cultural competence of Lithuanian nurses using the Nurse Cultural Competence Scale (NCCS) questionnaire.MethodsA quantitative study evaluating the cultural competency of nursing professionals will be conducted using the Lithuanian version of the Nurse Cultural Competence Scale (NCCS). The study will be conducted in Lithuanian municipalities and will involve primary, secondary, and tertiary health care providers.DiscussionThis study will provide data that can guide the development and evaluation of interventions designed to reduce health disparities among migrants, including the need to identify the appropriate type of cultural competency training for nurses. In addition to the results of this study, it may provide an indication of other cultural competency required for nurses. This includes consideration of religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, household classifications on the basis of urban vs. rural areas, language spoken, and country of origin.