Citation: Manley, W.F., Parrish, E.G., and Lestak, L.R., 2009, High-Resolution Orthorectified Imagery and Digital Elevation Models for Study of Environmental Change at Niwot Ridge and Green Lakes Valley, Colorado: Niwot Ridge LTER, INSTAAR, University of Colorado at Boulder, digital media. This image is a mosaic of orthorectified aerial photography from 1985 for the Niwot Ridge Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project area at 0.8 m resolution. The image also covers the Green Lakes Valley portion of the Boulder Creek Critical Zone Observatory (CZO). The mosaic has the qualities of a photograph and the functionality of a map layer for use in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) or remote sensing software. The mosaic is derived from approx. 1:58,000 scale, color infrared (CIR) photographs acquired by the United States Geological Survery (USGS) National High Altitude Photography Program (NHAP). The aerial photos were obtained as 1800 dpi digital scans from the USGS EROS Data Center (EDC) and then fully orthorectified in a Leica Photogrammetry Suite (LPS) bundle blockfile using an air-photo camera model, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and known focal length and fiducial coordinates from a calibration report. Individual photo frames were mosaiced with cutlines and clipped to the Niwot project extent area. The photography was registered to 2008 orthocorrected Denver Region Council of Governments (DRCOG) aerial photography. Horizontal accuracy is 1 m (RMSE, relative to the 2008 reference imagery, based on 9 independent check points). The mosaic covers an area of 98 km2 and is available in GeoTIFF format, in a UTM zone 13 projection and NAD83 horizontal datum, with FGDC-compliant metadata. The mosaic is available through an unrestricted public license, and can be obtained by request (see Distributor contact information below). Other datasets available in this series includes orthorectified aerial photograph mosaics (for 1953, 1972, 1990, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006 and 2008), digital elevation models (DEM's), and accessory map layers. Together, the DEM's and imagery will be of interest to students, research scientists, and others for observation and analysis of natural features and ecosystems. NOTE: This EML metadata file does not contain important geospatial data processing information. Before using any NWT LTER geospatial data read the arcgis metadata XML file in either ISO or FGDC compliant format, using ArcGIS software (ArcCatalog > description), or by viewing the .xml file provided with the geospatial dataset.

The ESA Orthorectified Map-oriented (Level 1) Products collection is composed of MOS-1/1B MESSR (Multi-spectral Electronic Self-Scanning Radiometer) data products generated as part of the MOS Bulk Processing Campaign using the MOS Processor v3.02. The products are available in GeoTIFF format and disseminated within EO-SIP packaging. Please refer to the MOS Product Format Specification for further details. The collection consists of data products of the following type: MES_GEC_1P: Geocoded Ellipsoid GCP Corrected Level 1 MOS-1/1B MESSR products which are the default products generated by the MOS MESSR processor in all cases (where possible), with usage of the latest set of Landsat improved GCP (Ground Control Points). These are orthorectified map-oriented products, corresponding to the old MOS-1/1B MES_ORT_1P products with geolocation improvements. MESSR Instrument Characteristics Band Wavelength Range (nm) Spatial Resolution (m) Swath Width (km) 1 (VIS) 510 – 690 50 100 2 (VIS) 610 – 690 50 100 3 (NIR) 720 – 800 50 100 4 (NIR) 800 – 1100 50 100

These data are orthorectified radar intensity images (ORI) derived from interferometric synthetic aperture radar (ifsar) data. An ORI is a high-resolution image derived from ifsar which has geometric distortions removed. Unlike optical imagery, ifsar can be collected in cloudy conditions. The USGS performs minimal quality assurance and no reprocessing of the ORI data. USGS distributes the ORI data as received from the contractors, partners or contributing entities.

Habitat maps of the main Hawaiian Islands were created by visual interpretation of aerial photos and hyperspectral imagery using the Habitat Digitizer extension. Aerial photographs are valuable tools for natural resource managers and researchers since they provide an excellent record of the location and extent of habitats. However, spatial distortions in aerial photographs due to such factors as camera angle, lens characteristics, and relief displacement must be accounted for during analysis to prevent incorrect measurements of area, distance, and other spatial parameters. These distortions of scale within an image can be removed through orthorectification. During orthorectification, digital scans of aerial photos are subjected to algorithms that eliminate each source of spatial distortion. The result is a georeferenced digital mosaic of several photographs with uniform scale throughout the mosaic. Features near land are generally georeferenced with greater accuracy while the accuracy of features away from land is generally not as good. Where no land is in the original photographic frame only kinematic GPS locations and image tie points were used to georeference the images. After an orthorectified mosaic is created, photointerpreters can accurately and reliably delineate boundaries of features in the imagery as they appear on the computer monitor using a software interface such as the Habitat Digitizer.

Habitat maps of the main Hawaiian Islands were created by visual interpretation of aerial photos and hyperspectral imagery using the Habitat Digitizer extension. Aerial photographs are valuable tools for natural resource managers and researchers since they provide an excellent record of the location and extent of habitats. However, spatial distortions in aerial photographs due to such factors as camera angle, lens characteristics, and relief displacement must be accounted for during analysis to prevent incorrect measurements of area, distance, and other spatial parameters. These distortions of scale within an image can be removed through orthorectification. During orthorectification, digital scans of aerial photos are subjected to algorithms that eliminate each source of spatial distortion. The result is a georeferenced digital mosaic of several photographs with uniform scale throughout the mosaic. Features near land are generally georeferenced with greater accuracy while the accuracy of features away from land is generally not as good. Where no land is in the original photographic frame only kinematic GPS locations and image tie points were used to georeference the images. After an orthorectified mosaic is created, photointerpreters can accurately and reliably delineate boundaries of features in the imagery as they appear on the computer monitor using a software interface such as the Habitat Digitizer.

This data set contains Level-1B imagery taken from the Digital Mapping System (DMS) over Greenland and Antarctica. The data were collected as part of Operation IceBridge funded aircraft survey campaigns.

Habitat maps of the main Hawaiian Islands were created by visual interpretation of aerial photos and hyperspectral imagery using the Habitat Digitizer extension. Aerial photographs are valuable tools for natural resource managers and researchers since they provide an excellent record of the location and extent of habitats. However, spatial distortions in aerial photographs due to such factors as camera angle, lens characteristics, and relief displacement must be accounted for during analysis to prevent incorrect measurements of area, distance, and other spatial parameters. These distortions of scale within an image can be removed through orthorectification. During orthorectification, digital scans of aerial photos are subjected to algorithms that eliminate each source of spatial distortion. The result is a georeferenced digital mosaic of several photographs with uniform scale throughout the mosaic. Features near land are generally georeferenced with greater accuracy while the accuracy of features away from land is generally not as good. Where no land is in the original photographic frame only kinematic GPS locations and image tie points were used to georeference the images. After an orthorectified mosaic is created, photointerpreters can accurately and reliably delineate boundaries of features in the imagery as they appear on the computer monitor using a software interface such as the Habitat Digitizer.

This collection is a legacy product that is no longer supported. It may not meet current government standards. This inventory presents chronologically the satellite images acquired, orthorectified and published over time by Natural Resources Canada. It is composed of imagery from the Landsat7 (1999-2003) and RADARSAT-1 (2001-2002) satellites, as well as the CanImage by-product and the control points used to process the images. Landsat7 Orthorectified Imagery: The orthoimage dataset is a complete set of cloud-free (less than 10%) orthoimages covering the Canadian landmass and created with the most accurate control data available at the time of creation. RADARSAT-1 Orthorectified Imagery: The 5 RADARSAT-1 images (processed and distributed by RADARSAT International (RSI) complete the landsat 7 orthoimagery coverage. They are stored as raster data produced from SAR Standard 7 (S7) beam mode with a pixel size of 15 m. They have been produced in accordance with NAD83 (North American Datum of 1983) using the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projection. RADARSAT-1 orthoimagery were produced with the 1:250 000 Canadian Digital Elevation Data (CDED) and photogrammetric control points generated from the Aerial Survey Data Base (ASDB). CanImage -Landsat7 Orthoimages of Canada,1:50 000: CanImage is a raster image containing information from Landsat7 orthoimages that have been resampled and based on the National Topographic System (NTS) at the 1:50 000 scale in the UTM projection. The product is distributed in datasets in GeoTIFF format. The resolution of this product is 15 metres. Landsat7 Imagery Control Points: the control points were used for the geometric correction of Landsat7 satellite imagery. They can also be used to correct vector data and for simultaneously displaying data from several sources prepared at different scales or resolutions.

This image is a mosaic of orthorectified aerial photography from 1946 for the Niwot Ridge Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project area at 0.3 m resolution. The image also covers the Green Lakes Valley portion of the Boulder Creek Critical Zone Observatory (CZO). The 1938 companion mosaic covers the eastern portion of the Niwot LTER project area and was produced with maximum overlap of the 1946 mosaic. The mosaic has the qualities of a photograph and the functionality of a map layer for use in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) or remote sensing software. The mosaic is derived from approx. 1:20,000 scale, black and white (grayscale) photographs acquired by the United States Forest Service (USFS). The aerial photos were obtained as 1800 dpi digital scans from the Colorado Aerial Photo Service and then fully orthorectified in a Leica Photogrammetry Suite (LPS) bundle blockfile using an air-photo camera model, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), known focal length, and hand-measured fiducial coordinates. Individual photo frames were mosaiced with cutlines, then adjusted with additional geocorrection in ArcMap using a 2nd order polynomial warp, and clipped to the Niwot project extent area. The photography was registered to 2008 orthocorrected Denver Region Council of Governments (DRCOG) aerial photography. Horizontal accuracy is 1.8 m (RMSE, relative to the 2008 reference imagery, based on 6 independent check points). The mosaic covers an area of 63 km2 and is available in GeoTIFF format, in a UTM zone 13 projection and NAD83 horizontal datum, with FGDC-compliant metadata. The mosaic is available through an unrestricted public license, and can be obtained by request (see Distributor contact information below). Other datasets available in this series includes orthorectified aerial photograph mosaics (for 1938, 1953, 1972, 1985, 1990, 1999, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2008), digital elevation models (DEM's), and accessory map layers. Together, the DEM's and imagery will be of interest to students, research scientists, and others for observation and analysis of natural features and ecosystems. NOTE: This EML metadata file does not contain important geospatial data processing information. Before using any NWT LTER geospatial data read the arcgis metadata XML file in either ISO or FGDC compliant format, using ArcGIS software (ArcCatalog > description), or by viewing the .xml file provided with the geospatial dataset.

This collection contains 226 2023 15.24-centimeter RGB (red, green, blue) orthorectified images of an area along Lanes Creek in Caribou County, Idaho. These data were acquired July 4, 2023-July 11, 2023. These data are sourced from the Idaho Department of Fish and Game via the Idaho Lidar Consortium.These data are part of a larger collection of data products which include includes classified LAS 1.4 files, orthorectified color imagery with 0.5 foot pixel size in TIFF and SID formats, DEM surface data in TIFF format with a 1.5 foot cell size, one-foot contours, planimetric vector data, and DTM surface in DWG format, and Technical Project Report and Metadata including methodology, accuracy, and results, covering an area of approximately 25.5 square miles.For data acquisition details see the Technical Project Report.Individual image tiles can be downloaded using the Idaho Imagery Explorer.These data can be bulk downloaded from a web accessible folder.

White balanced 8 bit RGB images orthorectified and output onto a fixed, uniform spatial grid using nearest neighbor resampling to a 10 cm spatial resolution.

Citation: Manley, W.F., Parrish, E.G., and Lestak, L.R., 2009, High-Resolution Orthorectified Imagery and Digital Elevation Models for Study of Environmental Change at Niwot Ridge and Green Lakes Valley, Colorado: Niwot Ridge LTER, INSTAAR, University of Colorado at Boulder, digital media. This image is a mosaic of orthorectified aerial photography from 1946 for the Niwot Ridge Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project area at 0.3 m resolution. The image also covers the Green Lakes Valley portion of the Boulder Creek Critical Zone Observatory (CZO). The 1938 companion mosaic covers the eastern portion of the Niwot LTER project area and was produced with maximum overlap of the 1946 mosaic. The mosaic has the qualities of a photograph and the functionality of a map layer for use in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) or remote sensing software. The mosaic is derived from approx. 1:20,000 scale, black and white (grayscale) photographs acquired by the United States Forest Service (USFS). The aerial photos were obtained as 1800 dpi digital scans from the Colorado Aerial Photo Service and then fully orthorectified in a Leica Photogrammetry Suite (LPS) bundle blockfile using an air-photo camera model, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), known focal length, and hand-measured fiducial coordinates. Individual photo frames were mosaiced with cutlines, then adjusted with additional geocorrection in ArcMap using a 2nd order polynomial warp, and clipped to the Niwot project extent area. The photography was registered to 2008 orthocorrected Denver Region Council of Governments (DRCOG) aerial photography. Horizontal accuracy is 1.8 m (RMSE, relative to the 2008 reference imagery, based on 6 independent check points). The mosaic covers an area of 63 km2 and is available in GeoTIFF format, in a UTM zone 13 projection and NAD83 horizontal datum, with FGDC-compliant metadata. The mosaic is available through an unrestricted public license, and can be obtained by request (see Distributor contact information below). Other datasets available in this series includes orthorectified aerial photograph mosaics (for 1938, 1953, 1972, 1985, 1990, 1999, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2008), digital elevation models (DEM's), and accessory map layers. Together, the DEM's and imagery will be of interest to students, research scientists, and others for observation and analysis of natural features and ecosystems. NOTE: This EML metadata file does not contain important geospatial data processing information. Before using any NWT LTER geospatial data read the arcgis metadata XML file in either ISO or FGDC compliant format, using ArcGIS software (ArcCatalog > description), or by viewing the .xml file provided with the geospatial dataset.

This collections contains 22 2019 1-foot natural color digital orthorectified images of the northern portion of the City of McCall Impact Area. The northern portion of the Impact Area in north of the City of McCall and includes the northern parts of Payette Lake and Ponderosa State Park. These data were acquired on October 25, 2019. These data are sourced from the City of McCall GIS Department.No geospatial standards-based metadata accompanied the delivery of these data. However, data acquisition details can be found in a Technical Project Report.Individual image tiles can be downloaded using the Idaho Aerial Imagery Explorer.These data can be bulk downloaded from a web accessible folder. Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since these data were collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of the limitations of these data as described in the lineage or elsewhere.

Orthorectified surface bidirectional reflectance (0-1 unitless, scaled by 10,000) computed from the NEON Imaging Spectrometer (NIS). Major corrections include: calibration, atmospheric correction, topographic correction, Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) correction, and orthorectification. Data are mosaicked into 1 km by 1 km tiles.

Directional reflectance data (without the BRDF and topographic corrections applied) are available under the "Spectrometer orthorectified surface directional reflectance - mosaic" data product (DP3.30006.001).

This data set contains imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP). The NAIP program is administered by USDA FSA and has been established to support two main FSA strategic goals centered on agricultural production. These are, increase stewardship of America's natural resources while enhancing the environment, and to ensure commodities are procured and distributed effectively and efficiently to increase food security. The NAIP program supports these goals by acquiring and providing ortho imagery that has been collected during the agricultural growing season in the U.S. The NAIP ortho imagery is tailored to meet FSA requirements and is a fundamental tool used to support FSA farm and conservation programs. Ortho imagery provides an effective, intuitive means of communication about farm program administration between FSA and stakeholders.New technology and innovation is identified by fostering and maintaining a relationship with vendors and government partners, and by keeping pace with the broader geospatial community. As a result of these efforts the NAIP program provides three main products: DOQQ tiles, Compressed County Mosaics (CCM), and Seamline shape files The Contract specifications for NAIP imagery have changed over time reflecting agency requirements and improving technologies. These changes include image resolution, horizontal accuracy, coverage area, and number of bands. In general, flying seasons are established by FSA and are targeted for peak crop growing conditions. The NAIP acquisition cycle is based on a minimum 3 year refresh of base ortho imagery. The tiling format of the NAIP imagery is based on a 3.75' x 3.75' quarter quadrangle with a 300 pixel buffer on all four sides. NAIP quarter quads are formatted to the UTM coordinate system using the North American Datum of 1983. NAIP imagery may contain as much as 10% cloud cover per tile.Individual image tiles can be downloaded using the Idaho Aerial Imagery Explorer.These data can be bulk downloaded from a web accessible folder.Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since these data were collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of the limitations of these data as described in the lineage or elsewhere.

Citation: Manley, W.F., Parrish, E.G., and Lestak, L.R., 2009, High-Resolution Orthorectified Imagery and Digital Elevation Models for Study of Environmental Change at Niwot Ridge and Green Lakes Valley, Colorado: Niwot Ridge LTER, INSTAAR, University of Colorado at Boulder, digital media. This image is a mosaic of orthorectified aerial photography from 1972 for the Niwot Ridge Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project area at 0.8 m resolution. The image also covers the Green Lakes Valley portion of the Boulder Creek Critical Zone Observatory (CZO). The mosaic has the qualities of a photograph and the functionality of a map layer for use in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) or remote sensing software. The mosaic is derived from approx. 1:55,000 scale, color infrared (CIR) photographs acquired by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The aerial photos were obtained as 1800 dpi digital scans from the USGS EROS Data Center (EDC) and then fully orthorectified in a Leica Photogrammetry Suite (LPS) bundle blockfile using an air-photo camera model, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), estimated focal length, and hand-measured fiducial coordinates. Individual photo frames were mosaiced with cutlines and clipped to the Niwot project extent area. The photography was registered to 2008 orthocorrected Denver Region Council of Governments (DRCOG) aerial photography. Horizontal accuracy is 1.7 m (RMSE, relative to the 2008 reference imagery, based on 9 independent check points). The mosaic covers an area of 77 km2 and is available in GeoTIFF format, in a UTM zone 13 projection and NAD83 horizontal datum, with FGDC-compliant metadata. The mosaic is available through an unrestricted public license, and can be obtained by request (see Distributor contact information below). Other datasets available in this series includes orthorectified aerial photograph mosaics (for 1953, 1985, 1990, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006 and 2008), digital elevation models (DEM's), and accessory map layers. Together, the DEM's and imagery will be of interest to students, research scientists, and others for observation and analysis of natural features and ecosystems. NOTE: This EML metadata file does not contain important geospatial data processing information. Before using any NWT LTER geospatial data read the arcgis metadata XML file in either ISO or FGDC compliant format, using ArcGIS software (ArcCatalog > description), or by viewing the .xml file provided with the geospatial dataset.

Pocatello, Idaho historical orthomosaic for 1963 was created by collecting, scanning, merging and georectifying historic photography of Pocatello. The total spatial error is less than 1 meter. These historical orthomosaic images were derived using SfM (Structure-from-motion photogrammetry). SfM uses a series of overlapping images aligned to form a 3D representation. Classification resulted in raster and vector data with discrete classes grouped into objects located in the urban corridor of Pocatello. High-resolution aerial photography of the Pocatello area was provided by Valley Air Photos and the Idaho State Historical Society for 1963. All images were transferred from a traditional 9x9 photograph and scanned at a 1210 dpi resolution. (Date: 09/04/1963, Scale: 1:12,000, Total GSD [GSD = photo scale x scanning resolution]: 52, Scanned resolution: 11432x11241 1210 dpi). The general workflow for processing was as follows: Image collection, image pre-processing combined with gps positioning and differential correction. Photo alignment, point cloud generation, point cloud meshing, orthomosaic and DSM (Digital Surface Models) output. Photos were aligned using Agisoft Photoscan. Focal lengths for data sets were 152mm. GPS points were collected for ground truthing. Photo alignment, dense cloud, and mesh generation using ground control points, resulted in orthomosaics and DSMs (Digital Surface Models) for time periods. Orthomosaics were produced at a fine scale spatial resolution: .25m resolution in all cases except the final year at .5m due to differences in scale of the original imagery. Each orthomosaic and DEM was outputted at .5 m and 1 m resolution respectively, in order to maintain continuity between data sets. See Brock Lipple Thesis, 2015 for more information about the scanning and merging process.Data are sourced from: https://data.nkn.uidaho.edu/dataset/pocatello-idaho-historic-orthoimagery-1963-1-meter-resolution Please cite as: Delparte, D., & Lipple, B. (2016). Pocatello, Idaho Historic Orthoimagery for 1963 (~1 meter resolution) [Data set]. University of Idaho. https://doi.org/10.7923/G4SF2T3PIndividual image tiles can be downloaded using the Idaho Aerial Imagery Explorer.These data can be bulk downloaded from a web accessible folder.Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since these data were collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of the limitations of these data as described in the lineage or elsewhere.

Digital orthoimagery serves a variety of purposes, from interim maps to field references for earth science investigations and analysis.Individual image tiles can be downloaded using the Idaho Aerial Imagery Explorer.These data can be bulk downloaded from a web accessible folder.Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since these data were collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of the limitations of these data as described in the lineage or elsewhere.

Habitat maps of the main Hawaiian Islands were created by visual interpretation of aerial photos and hyperspectral imagery using the Habitat Digitizer extension. Aerial photographs are valuable tools for natural resource managers and researchers since they provide an excellent record of the location and extent of habitats. However, spatial distortions in aerial photographs due to such factors as camera angle, lens characteristics, and relief displacement must be accounted for during analysis to prevent incorrect measurements of area, distance, and other spatial parameters. These distortions of scale within an image can be removed through orthorectification. During orthorectification, digital scans of aerial photos are subjected to algorithms that eliminate each source of spatial distortion. The result is a georeferenced digital mosaic of several photographs with uniform scale throughout the mosaic. Features near land are generally georeferenced with greater accuracy while the accuracy of features away from land is generally not as good. Where no land is in the original photographic frame only kinematic GPS locations and image tie points were used to georeference the images. After an orthorectified mosaic is created, photointerpreters can accurately and reliably delineate boundaries of features in the imagery as they appear on the computer monitor using a software interface such as the Habitat Digitizer.

Katahdin Woods and Waters National Monument was established on August 24, 2016. The monument spans mountains and forest lands in north central Maine. High-resolution aerial imagery was collected on October 5, 2019 with a Phase One iXU-R 180 RGB camera co-mounted with a Phase One iXU-RS 160 Achromatic camera. Images from the two cameras are merged to create 4-band imagery that can be displayed as either true-color (RGB) or color-infrared (CIR). The imagery has a resolution of approximately 0.15 meter/pixel (6 inches).