In 2023, the total population of Osaka Prefecture in Japan amounted to approximately **** million people. This marked a moderate decline of the population compared to around **** million people in 2010.

With approximately ** million inhabitants, Tokyo Prefecture was the largest prefecture based on population size in Japan as of 2023. The smallest prefecture in this regard was Tottori Prefecture, which in the same year counted about ******* residents. Rural depopulation Like many industrial economies, Japan is facing the problem of depopulating rural areas. While the birth rate continues to decline, many young people decide to migrate from small towns and villages to large cities like Tokyo or Osaka for higher education and employment. The population of Tokyo Prefecture has shown substantial growth over the past decades and consists largely of working age citizens. Smaller communities are trying to counteract the depopulation process with initiatives meant to invite younger workers and tourists back. Migration to Japan Japan is often described as a very homogenous society, with a low share of foreign residents. Despite the declining birthrate and many businesses experiencing a labor shortage, companies have been hesitant to employ foreign workers, in part due to the strict immigration laws. The Japanese Government has tried to ease immigration restrictions and encourage foreigners to work in Japan. The largest share of foreign workers in Japan, however, is residing in the county with a permanent residence or as the family member of a Japanese national.

In 2023, the population in Kyoto amounted to around **** million people, slightly less than in the previous year. Unlike other major Japanese cities like Tokyo or Osaka, Kyoto's population numbers did not seem to be affected by the war years during the 1940s. The prefecture's population listed a continuous growth from **** million people in 1920 to **** million inhabitants in 2010.

The Japan condominiums and apartments market, valued at approximately ¥20 trillion (assuming a market size of "XX" represents a significant figure in the Japanese real estate sector, and ¥20 trillion is a plausible estimate given the scale of the Japanese economy) in 2025, exhibits a steady Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 4.60%. This growth is fueled by several key drivers. Firstly, Japan's urban population continues to concentrate in major cities like Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagoya, increasing demand for compact yet modern housing solutions offered by condominiums and apartments. Secondly, a robust economy and increasing disposable incomes are enabling more individuals to afford higher-quality housing, fueling market expansion. Furthermore, government initiatives aimed at improving urban infrastructure and promoting sustainable housing developments are also positively influencing market growth. However, challenges remain, including the high cost of land in major cities, potentially limiting supply and pushing prices upward. Stringent building codes and environmental regulations, while important for sustainability, also add to development costs. The market is segmented by type, with condominiums and apartments representing the primary categories, each catering to different consumer preferences and budgetary considerations. The competitive landscape includes both large-scale developers like Sekisui House Limited and Sumitomo Forestry's Co Ltd, and smaller, specialized builders focusing on niche markets. The forecast period of 2025-2033 projects continued growth, albeit at a rate influenced by macroeconomic factors like interest rates and economic volatility. While the CAGR of 4.60% provides a baseline, fluctuations around this figure are anticipated. The consistent demand for housing in Japan's urban centers, combined with ongoing investment in infrastructure development, suggests that the market will remain resilient in the long term. However, developers must adapt to changing consumer preferences—emphasizing sustainable designs, smart home technologies, and flexible living spaces—to maintain competitiveness and capitalize on the growth potential. A deeper understanding of regional variations within Japan, particularly concerning population density and economic conditions, will be crucial for targeting specific market segments effectively. Recent developments include: Dec 2022: Nippon House Holdings Co. Ltd launched the "Japanese House/Hinoki House" series with 15 types of exterior design., Oct 2022: Asahi Kasei Homes concluded an agreement to acquire 100% ownership of Focus Plumbing LLC, Focus Framing, Door & Trim LLC, Focus Electric LLC, Focus Concrete LLC, and Focus Fire Protection LLC (collectively referred to as "Focus Companies"), a Nevada-based residential plumbing, framing, electric, concrete, and fire protection group, on October 14, 2022 (US Eastern time), through a US subsidiary, and completed the acquisition.. Notable trends are: Japan’s Shrinking Population is Producing a Surplus of Housing.

大阪府の非水洗化人口の統計データです。最新の2022年の数値「97,602人」を含む1999～2022年までの推移グラフや人口が近い神奈川県(神奈川県)と愛知県(愛知県)との比較表などの情報を無料で公開しています。csv形式でのダウンロードも可能でEXCELでも開けますので、研究や分析レポートにお役立て下さい。

In 2022, roughly ** percent of Bhutan's population resided in urban areas. Comparatively, approximately ** percent of Sri Lanka's population lived in urban areas in 2022.

Urbanization in the APAC region

The Asia-Pacific region is currently experiencing a significant trend towards urbanization, with a growing number of individuals relocating from rural areas to urban centers in pursuit of improved economic prospects. From 2015 to 2020, there was an increase in the urban population throughout Asia. The projection for the region indicates a continuation of urbanization, although at a decelerated rate. As of 2021, a third of the entire population of India resided in urban areas. The data shows a notable upsurge in urbanization in India over the past ten years, indicating a shift of the populace from rural to urban centers in search of employment opportunities and livelihood.

 Population of megacities in APAC 

The APAC region is home to some of the world's most populous megacities. According to recent data, in 2023, the annual metropolitan population growth rate of China surpassed that of other megacities in the APAC region. In contrast to other cities, the three megacities in Japan, namely Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagoya, exhibited the lowest annual population growth rates. That same year, the APAC region was home to ** megacities, more than ten of which were in China. India, Japan, and Pakistan also had more than once megacity each as of January 2023.

大阪府の下水道排水区域人口の統計データです。最新の2022年の数値「8,481,790人」を含む1976～2022年までの推移グラフや人口が近い神奈川県(神奈川県)と愛知県(愛知県)との比較表などの情報を無料で公開しています。csv形式でのダウンロードも可能でEXCELでも開けますので、研究や分析レポートにお役立て下さい。

大阪府の下水道によるトイレ水洗化人口の統計データです。最新の2022年の数値「8,279,519人」を含む1976～2022年までの推移グラフや人口が近い神奈川県(神奈川県)と愛知県(愛知県)との比較表などの情報を無料で公開しています。csv形式でのダウンロードも可能でEXCELでも開けますので、研究や分析レポートにお役立て下さい。

大阪府のごみ計画収集人口の統計データです。最新の2022年の数値「8,810,995人」を含む1999～2022年までの推移グラフや人口が近い神奈川県(神奈川県)と愛知県(愛知県)との比較表などの情報を無料で公開しています。csv形式でのダウンロードも可能でEXCELでも開けますので、研究や分析レポートにお役立て下さい。

大阪府の１５歳以上人口（就業構造基本調査）の統計データです。最新の2022年の数値「7,766(千人)」を含む1977～2022年までの推移グラフや人口が近い神奈川県(神奈川県)と愛知県(愛知県)との比較表などの情報を無料で公開しています。csv形式でのダウンロードも可能でEXCELでも開けますので、研究や分析レポートにお役立て下さい。

In the fiscal year 2022, investments in public roads for construction and maintenance amounted to approximately **** trillion Japanese yen, up from **** trillion yen in the previous fiscal year. Construction expenditures exceeded maintenance expenses in that year. According to the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT), the Ministry’s yearly expenditures on public infrastructure will increase by roughly 40 percent until around fiscal 2044 compared to 2018 to counter infrastructure deterioration.
What causes infrastructure deterioration? The most relevant factors causing distress for materials used in road construction, e.g., asphalt, concrete, steel, are the building quality, temperature and humidity, load, as well as accidents and other damages. Each of those stress factors is relevant for Japan.Inspections have shown that rapidly built structures are prone to damage in particular. Furthermore, as Japan has pronounced seasonal weather, the fluctuation of temperature and humidity may have a stronger effect. Moreover, water and other chemical substances in the environment trigger corrosion of steel, often affecting the soundness of bridges, for example. Even if structures are well-built and structurally sound, the load takes its toll on the integrity over time. The term fatigue refers to structural damage caused by a cyclical load that is well below static strength. In other words, even if roads are designed for a certain number of vehicles of a certain weight, they will eventually wear out. For this reason, Japan declared some roads as essential logistical roads (which include all arterial roads), where trailers are allowed to transport ** ft international marine shipping containers (up to ** tons) without a permit for special vehicles otherwise required.Finally, accidents and other damages may impair the functionality of the infrastructure. These hazards are noteworthy for a country like Japan, where earthquakes, tsunamis, and landslides happen from time to time. Although proactive design can mitigate natural disasters, their hardly predictable forces usually have an impact to some degree. Naturally, the age of the structure exacerbates these stress factors. Japan: The country of rapidly aging infrastructure Maintaining an integral part of Japan’s road infrastructure will become a challenge. The Japanese road infrastructure has experienced a fast expansion since the 1950s, paralleling the economy’s rapid-growth period (and partly fueling it). By March 2033, 63 percent of road bridges and 42 percent of tunnels are expected to be 50 years old or more. Cyclical road maintenance inspections hint at the possible extent of infrastructure deterioration if no countermeasures are taken.To judge the maintenance level of public roads, the government moreover calculates a maintenance rate. It takes not only into consideration the structural qualities required by legal standards but also the actual degree of congestion. The public sector aims to mitigate congestion, since it costs time and fatigues the road (and the people). The road sections with the highest congestion in Japan are typically those on urban expressways of Tokyo and Osaka.Against the backdrop of infrastructure deterioration, the Japanese population is aging rapidly and shrinking. While the economy and life expectancy have continued to grow since the 1950s, birth rates have sharply fallen since then, resulting in the current-day demographic. This demographic structure will impact rural depopulating areas in particular, where there is a shortage of civil engineers already today.