This dataset contains two tables on the percent of household overcrowding (> 1.0 persons per room) and severe overcrowding (> 1.5 persons per room) for California, its regions, counties, and cities/towns. Data is from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) and U.S. Census American Community Survey (ACS). The table is part of a series of indicators in the Healthy Communities Data and Indicators Project (HCI) of the Office of Health Equity: Healthy Communities Data and Indicators Project of the Office of Health Equity. Residential crowding has been linked to an increased risk of infection from communicable diseases, a higher prevalence of respiratory ailments, and greater vulnerability to homelessness among the poor. Residential crowding reflects demographic and socioeconomic conditions. Older-adult immigrant and recent immigrant communities, families with low income and renter-occupied households are more likely to experience household crowding. A form of residential overcrowding known as "doubling up"—co-residence with family members or friends for economic reasons—is the most commonly reported prior living situation for families and individuals before the onset of homelessness. More information about the data table and a data dictionary can be found in the About/Attachments section.The household crowding table is part of a series of indicators in the Healthy Communities Data and Indicators Project (HCI) of the Office of Health Equity. The goal of HCI is to enhance public health by providing data, a standardized set of statistical measures, and tools that a broad array of sectors can use for planning healthy communities and evaluating the impact of plans, projects, policy, and environmental changes on community health. The creation of healthy social, economic, and physical environments that promote healthy behaviors and healthy outcomes requires coordination and collaboration across multiple sectors, including transportation, housing, education, agriculture and others. Statistical metrics, or indicators, are needed to help local, regional, and state public health and partner agencies assess community environments and plan for healthy communities that optimize public health. More information on HCI can be found here: https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OHE/CDPH%20Document%20Library/Accessible%202%20CDPH_Healthy_Community_Indicators1pager5-16-12.pdf
The format of the household overcrowding tables is based on the standardized data format for all HCI indicators. As a result, this data table contains certain variables used in the HCI project (e.g., indicator ID, and indicator definition). Some of these variables may contain the same value for all observations.

This metric provides a measure of whether a household's accommodation is overcrowded or under occupied. It is calculated by summing households with one room too few and households with two or more rooms too few, as a percentage of all households. The ages of the household members and their relationships to each other are used to derive the number of rooms/bedrooms they require, based on a standard formula. The number of rooms/bedrooms required is subtracted from the number of rooms/bedrooms in the household's accommodation to obtain the occupancy rating. An occupancy rating of -1 implies that a household has one fewer room/bedroom than required, whereas +1 implies that they have one more room/bedroom than the standard requirement. Statistical Disclosure Control: In order to protect against disclosure of personal information from the Census, there has been swapping of records in the Census database between different geographic areas, and so some counts will be affected. In the main, the greatest effects will be at the lowest geographies, since the record swapping is targeted towards those households with unusual characteristics in small areas.Data is Powered by LG Inform Plus .

Table shows the percentage of households that are defined as overcrowded - defined by the 'bedroom standard'. 'Overcrowded includes Basic Overcrowded and Severely Overcrowded. This includes households with at least 1 bedroom too few. 'Bedroom standard' is used as an indicator of occupation density. A standard number of bedrooms is allocated to each household in accordance with its age/sex/marital status composition and the relationship of the members to one another. A separate bedroom is allocated to each married or cohabiting couple, any other person aged 21 or over, each pair of adolescents aged 10 - 20 of the same sex, and each pair of children under 10. Any unpaired person aged 10 - 20 is paired, if possible with a child under 10 of the same sex, or, if that is not possible, he or she is given a separate bedroom, as is any unpaired child under 10. This standard is then compared with the actual number of bedrooms (including bed-sitters) available for the sole use of the household, and differences are tabulated. Bedrooms converted to other uses are not counted as available unless they have been denoted as bedrooms by the informants; bedrooms not actually in use are counted unless uninhabitable. Please note, unfortunately the Department for Communities and Local Government, who sponsored a question relating to the number of bedrooms in a household no longer take part in the Integrated Household Survey, and therefore the question will not be included again. This means that annual overcrowding data at borough level will not be available in the future.

In 2023, 15 percent of households had less than one room for every three people in the household. By contrast, 85 percent had at least one room for every three people.

The share of people born outside of Denmark living in overcrowded households increased by more than 15 percentage points from 2015 to 2019, when 33.1 percent lived in overcrowded households. However, the share fell to 24 percent by 2022. By comparison, the rate among the Danish-born population also increased between 2012 and 2022, but was significantly lower, standing at 13 percent in 2022.

This layer identifies the areas in the city by census tract with households where the number of people living in a housing unit is considered overcrowded, typically more than 1 1/2 persons per room.

This indicator is defined as the percentage of the population living in an overcrowded household (excluding the single-person households). A person is considered as living in an overcrowded household if the household does not have at its disposal a minimum of rooms equal to: - one room for the household; - one room by couple in the household; - one room for each single person aged 18 and more; - one room by pair of single people of the same sex between 12 and 17 years of age; - one room for each single person between 12 and 17 years of age and not included in the previous category; - one room by pair of children under 12 years of age. The indicator is presented by age group.

Household characteristics by occupancy rating (bedrooms), for households with usual residents, England and Wales, Census 2021. Data are available at a national, country, region, local authority district level.

Number of households which are overcrowded Source: Census 2001 Publisher: Neighbourhood Statistics Geographies: Output Area (OA), Lower Layer Super Output Area (LSOA), Middle Layer Super Output Area (MSOA), Ward, Local Authority District (LAD), Government Office Region (GOR), National Geographic coverage: England Time coverage: 2001 Type of data: Survey (census)

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In Sweden, there were nearly ******* Swedish-born people who lived in overcrowded households in 2022. Comparably, over ******* people from Asia and ****** people from other European countries lived in overcrowded households.

This statistic shows the share of urban households living in overcrowded rental accommodation in selected African countries in 2017. In South Africa, **** percent of urban households were living in overcrowding accommodation, whereas the same was true for ** percent of urban households in Uganda.

This indicator is defined as the percentage of the population living in an overcrowded household (excluding the single-person households). A person is considered as living in an overcrowded household if the household does not have at its disposal a minimum of rooms equal to: - one room for the household; - one room by couple in the household; - one room for each single person aged 18 and more; - one room by pair of single people of the same sex between 12 and 17 years of age; - one room for each single person between 12 and 17 years of age and not included in the previous category; - one room by pair of children under 12 years of age. The indicator is presented by sex.

This statistic illustrates the share of households living in overcrowded housing in France in 2013, according to income per consumption unit. At that time, about ** percent of households with incomes below the first decile lived in overcrowded housing.

This metric provides a measure of whether a household's accommodation is overcrowded or under occupied, by age, for Birmingham. This occupancy rating is calculated by comparing the number of bedrooms the household requires to the number of available bedrooms.An occupancy rating of -1 implies that a household has one fewer bedroom than required, whereas +1 implies that they have one more bedroom than the standard requirement.CoverageThis dataset is focused on the data for Birmingham at city level. About the 2021 CensusThe Census takes place every 10 years and gives us a picture of all the people and households in England and Wales.Protecting personal dataThe ONS sometimes need to make changes to data if it is possible to identify individuals. This is known as statistical disclosure control. In Census 2021, they: Swapped records (targeted record swapping), for example, if a household was likely to be identified in datasets because it has unusual characteristics, they swapped the record with a similar one from a nearby small area. Very unusual households could be swapped with one in a nearby local authority. Added small changes to some counts (cell key perturbation), for example, we might change a count of four to a three or a five. This might make small differences between tables depending on how the data are broken down when they applied perturbation.

For more geographies, aggregations or topics see the link in the Reference below. Or, to create a custom dataset with multiple variables use the ONS Create a custom dataset tool.

This metric provides a measure of whether a household's accommodation is overcrowded or under occupied, by age, for Birmingham. This occupancy rating is calculated by comparing the number of bedrooms the household requires to the number of available bedrooms.An occupancy rating of -1 implies that a household has one fewer bedroom than required, whereas +1 implies that they have one more bedroom than the standard requirement.CoverageThis dataset is focused on the data for Birmingham at 2021 constituency level. About the 2021 CensusThe Census takes place every 10 years and gives us a picture of all the people and households in England and Wales.Protecting personal dataThe ONS sometimes need to make changes to data if it is possible to identify individuals. This is known as statistical disclosure control. In Census 2021, they:Swapped records (targeted record swapping), for example, if a household was likely to be identified in datasets because it has unusual characteristics, they swapped the record with a similar one from a nearby small area. Very unusual households could be swapped with one in a nearby local authority.Added small changes to some counts (cell key perturbation), for example, we might change a count of four to a three or a five. This might make small differences between tables depending on how the data are broken down when they applied perturbation.For more geographies, aggregations or topics see the link in the Reference below. Or, to create a custom dataset with multiple variables use the ONS Create a custom dataset tool.

Poland - Overcrowding rate (without single-person households): From 18 to 64 years was 35.20% in December of 2024, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Poland - Overcrowding rate (without single-person households): From 18 to 64 years - last updated from the EUROSTAT on November of 2025. Historically, Poland - Overcrowding rate (without single-person households): From 18 to 64 years reached a record high of 48.80% in December of 2010 and a record low of 35.20% in December of 2024.

The overcrowding rate for households with dependent children in Germany stood at approximately 17.30 percent in 2024. Between 2005 and 2024, the overcrowding rate rose by around nine percentage points, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend.

Finland - Overcrowding rate (without single-person households): Males was 4.80% in December of 2024, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Finland - Overcrowding rate (without single-person households): Males - last updated from the EUROSTAT on November of 2025. Historically, Finland - Overcrowding rate (without single-person households): Males reached a record high of 5.10% in December of 2022 and a record low of 3.40% in December of 2010.

In 2024, the overcrowding rate for households with dependent children in Poland was approximately 42.10 percent. Between 2005 and 2024, the figure dropped by around 22.80 percentage points, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory.