In 2020, Hong Kong had the most expensive residential property market worldwide, with an average property price of 1.25 million U.S. dollars. The government of Hong Kong provide public housing for lower-income residents and almost 45 percent of the Hong Kong population lived in public permanent housing in 2018.

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Description:

A simple yet challenging project, to predict the housing price based on certain factors like house area, bedrooms, furnished, nearness to mainroad, etc. The dataset is small yet, it's complexity arises due to the fact that it has strong multicollinearity. Can you overcome these obstacles & build a decent predictive model?

Acknowledgement:

Harrison, D. and Rubinfeld, D.L. (1978) Hedonic prices and the demand for clean air. J. Environ. Economics and Management 5, 81–102. Belsley D.A., Kuh, E. and Welsch, R.E. (1980) Regression Diagnostics. Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity. New York: Wiley.

Objective:

• Understand the Dataset & cleanup (if required).
• Build Regression models to predict the sales w.r.t a single & multiple feature.
• Also evaluate the models & compare thier respective scores like R2, RMSE, etc.

Innsbruck was the most expensive Austrian city to buy an apartment in, with average values of 7,700 euros per square meter in the first quarter of 2025. The price of an apartment in Graz was significantly lower at 4,590 euros per square meter.

House Price Prediction Dataset.

The dataset contains 2000 rows of house-related data, representing various features that could influence house prices. Below, we discuss key aspects of the dataset, which include its structure, the choice of features, and potential use cases for analysis.

1. Dataset Features

The dataset is designed to capture essential attributes for predicting house prices, including:

Area: Square footage of the house, which is generally one of the most important predictors of price. Bedrooms & Bathrooms: The number of rooms in a house significantly affects its value. Homes with more rooms tend to be priced higher. Floors: The number of floors in a house could indicate a larger, more luxurious home, potentially raising its price. Year Built: The age of the house can affect its condition and value. Newly built houses are generally more expensive than older ones. Location: Houses in desirable locations such as downtown or urban areas tend to be priced higher than those in suburban or rural areas. Condition: The current condition of the house is critical, as well-maintained houses (in 'Excellent' or 'Good' condition) will attract higher prices compared to houses in 'Fair' or 'Poor' condition. Garage: Availability of a garage can increase the price due to added convenience and space. Price: The target variable, representing the sale price of the house, used to train machine learning models to predict house prices based on the other features.

2. Feature Distributions

Area Distribution: The area of the houses in the dataset ranges from 500 to 5000 square feet, which allows analysis across different types of homes, from smaller apartments to larger luxury houses. Bedrooms and Bathrooms: The number of bedrooms varies from 1 to 5, and bathrooms from 1 to 4. This variance enables analysis of homes with different sizes and layouts. Floors: Houses in the dataset have between 1 and 3 floors. This feature could be useful for identifying the influence of multi-level homes on house prices. Year Built: The dataset contains houses built from 1900 to 2023, giving a wide range of house ages to analyze the effects of new vs. older construction. Location: There is a mix of urban, suburban, downtown, and rural locations. Urban and downtown homes may command higher prices due to proximity to amenities. Condition: Houses are labeled as 'Excellent', 'Good', 'Fair', or 'Poor'. This feature helps model the price differences based on the current state of the house. Price Distribution: Prices range between $50,000 and $1,000,000, offering a broad spectrum of property values. This range makes the dataset appropriate for predicting a wide variety of housing prices, from affordable homes to luxury properties.

3. Correlation Between Features

A key area of interest is the relationship between various features and house price: Area and Price: Typically, a strong positive correlation is expected between the size of the house (Area) and its price. Larger homes are likely to be more expensive. Location and Price: Location is another major factor. Houses in urban or downtown areas may show a higher price on average compared to suburban and rural locations. Condition and Price: The condition of the house should show a positive correlation with price. Houses in better condition should be priced higher, as they require less maintenance and repair. Year Built and Price: Newer houses might command a higher price due to better construction standards, modern amenities, and less wear-and-tear, but some older homes in good condition may retain historical value. Garage and Price: A house with a garage may be more expensive than one without, as it provides extra storage or parking space.

4. Potential Use Cases

The dataset is well-suited for various machine learning and data analysis applications, including:

House Price Prediction: Using regression techniques, this dataset can be used to build a model to predict house prices based on the available features. Feature Importance Analysis: By using techniques such as feature importance ranking, data scientists can determine which features (e.g., location, area, or condition) have the greatest impact on house prices. Clustering: Clustering techniques like k-means could help identify patterns in the data, such as grouping houses into segments based on their characteristics (e.g., luxury homes, affordable homes). Market Segmentation: The dataset can be used to perform segmentation by location, price range, or house type to analyze trends in specific sub-markets, like luxury vs. affordable housing. Time-Based Analysis: By studying how house prices vary with the year built or the age of the house, analysts can derive insights into the trends of older vs. newer homes.

5. Limitations and ...

Graph and download economic data for Median Sales Price of Houses Sold for the United States (MSPUS) from Q1 1963 to Q2 2025 about sales, median, housing, and USA.

In 2019, Hong Kong had the most expensive residential property market worldwide, with an average price per square foot of 1,987 U.S. dollars.

Hong Kong

Hong Kong, an autonomous special administrative region of China, has one of the least affordable housing markets in the world. A region with an estimated 7.49 million people, it has become increasingly difficult to purchase a home in Hong Kong. The spoken languages in Hong Kong are Cantonese, Mandarin, and English.

Hong Kong housing market

The housing market in Hong Kong has seen an increase in prices in the past couple years. There are two types of housing unit offers in Hong Kong, private and public. The number of public rental housing units has been consistently rising since 2008. Nearly half of the public rental apartments in Hong Kong as of March 2018 were between 30 and 39.9 square meters. Not only has the number of public rental housing units increased since 2008, so have the private ones. However, there are more private housing units than public ones in Hong Kong. Additionally, the Home Ownership Scheme exists in Hong Kong. It is a government sponsored program that subsidizes public housing in Hong Kong. First created in the late 1970s, it was instituted with two targets in mind. The first was to persuade the richer tenants of these apartments to leave so families in greater need could live there. The second was to allow these families to become home owners, since they did not have enough money to buy in the private sector. Under this program, the government sells apartments to qualified low-income tenants at prices below the market value.

The Canadian housing market, particularly in major urban centers, has experienced a prolonged period of rapid price appreciation, driven by factors such as low interest rates, strong population growth, and limited supply. According to the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC), the national average house price rose by more than 50% between 2020 and 2022, with prices in some major cities, such as Toronto and Vancouver, increasing by even more. This rapid price growth has made it increasingly difficult for many Canadians to afford a home, especially in the country's most desirable markets. However, the Canadian housing market is starting to show signs of cooling in 2023, as rising interest rates and stricter mortgage lending rules from the government begin to take effect. The CMHC predicts that the national average house price will decline by 7.6% in 2023, with prices in some markets, such as Toronto and Vancouver, expected to fall by even more. This cooling is expected to continue in 2024, with the CMHC predicting a further decline in the national average house price of 3.2%. The long-term outlook for the Canadian housing market is more uncertain, but the CMHC expects that prices will continue to rise, albeit at a more moderate pace. The Canadian housing market is one of the most expensive in the world, with prices in major cities like Toronto and Vancouver soaring to record highs in recent years. This has led to a growing concern about affordability, as many Canadians are being priced out of the market. Key drivers for this market are: Increasing Adoption of Remote and Hybrid Work Model. Potential restraints include: Lack of Privacy. Notable trends are: Pandemic Accelerated Luxury Home Sales in Major Canadian Markets.

Prices & Characteristics of Spanish Homes

Uncovering Market Trends in Spain

By [source]

About this dataset

This dataset provides a wealth of information about the current Spanish housing market for potential buyers. This comprehensive data set includes research-level information about region, number of rooms, size, price, photos and more for different available properties across the country. This data can help researchers understand the wide pricing range and characteristics associated with these homes in great detail. For example, it allows us to uncover average price per square meter as well as differences in prices between larger and smaller locations. Further exploration also reveals correlations between price and surface area as well as number of rooms and pricing models - all immensely helpful to those wishing to purchase or rent properties in Spain! By further investigating this rich set of information provided by this dataset, prospective property buyers can be more informed when making decisions regarding their next home or investment opportunities within the Spanish housing market

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For more datasets, click here.

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How to use the dataset

Welcome to the Prices and Characteristics of Spanish Houses for Sale dataset! This data set contains comprehensive information about Spanish houses for sale, including location, price, size, and number of rooms. Here’s a guide to help you get started.

• Explore the columns included in this dataset: the summary column provides an overview of the property while description provides more in-depth details. The location column offers geographical details about each house; photo displays a picture of each property; recomendado indicates whether or not it has been recommended; price gives you an idea of how much each house costs; size determines how large or small it is; rooms tells you how many bedrooms it has to offer; price/m2 states the Square Meter Price for each home; bathrooms lets you know how many bathrooms it has on the premises; Num Photos shows you the exact number of images available for that home and type directs which type it is (apartment); region helps pinpoint exactly where these homes are located.

• Analyze relationships between variables: use this dataset to uncover interesting correlations between pricing and other characteristics such as size and number of rooms, or between prices in different regions within Spain. You can also gain insight into average pricing by square meter across various locations - this data might be useful if you're looking at making a real estate investment decision based on market trends around Spain's housing sector!

• Research current market trends: review historical data points from within this dataset with regards to pricing changes over time, as well as differences in supply/demand dynamics across distinct locations within Spain's housing market - all these insights can be used when deciding whether or not now would be an ideal time to purchase property in certain areas!
  Overall, we hope that with this information at hand your research into Spain's current housing market will provide useful results and lend insight that may assist your purchase decision process when considering buying S[anish homes!

Research Ideas

• Comparing the average Spanish house price in different regions to determine if prices are more expensive in certain regions.
• Examining the correlation between size and number of rooms to understand which properties would be a better investment given their size.
• Analyzing the relationship between number of photos uploaded for a property and its price, to determine if there is any correlation between them or not

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit the original authors. Data Source

License

License: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) - Public Domain Dedication No Copyright - You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. See Other Information.

Columns

File: pisos.csv | Column name | Description | |:----------------|:------------------------------------------------------------| | summary | A brief description of the property. (Text) | | location | The geographical area or postcode of the property. (Text) | | photo...

Graph and download economic data for Average Sales Price of Houses Sold for the United States (ASPUS) from Q1 1963 to Q2 2025 about sales, housing, and USA.

Portugal, Canada, and the United States were the countries with the highest house price to income ratio in 2024. In all three countries, the index exceeded 130 index points, while the average for all OECD countries stood at 116.2 index points. The index measures the development of housing affordability and is calculated by dividing nominal house price by nominal disposable income per head, with 2015 set as a base year when the index amounted to 100. An index value of 120, for example, would mean that house price growth has outpaced income growth by 20 percent since 2015. How have house prices worldwide changed since the COVID-19 pandemic? House prices started to rise gradually after the global financial crisis (2007–2008), but this trend accelerated with the pandemic. The countries with advanced economies, which usually have mature housing markets, experienced stronger growth than countries with emerging economies. Real house price growth (accounting for inflation) peaked in 2022 and has since lost some of the gain. Although, many countries experienced a decline in house prices, the global house price index shows that property prices in 2023 were still substantially higher than before COVID-19. Renting vs. buying In the past, house prices have grown faster than rents. However, the home affordability has been declining notably, with a direct impact on rental prices. As people struggle to buy a property of their own, they often turn to rental accommodation. This has resulted in a growing demand for rental apartments and soaring rental prices.

In the United States, Hawaii was the state with the most expensive housing, with the typical value of single-family homes in the 35th to 65th percentile range exceeding ******* U.S. dollars. Unsurprisingly, Hawaii also ranked top as the state with the highest cost of living. Meanwhile, a property was the least expensive in West Virginia, where it cost under ******* U.S. dollars to buy the typical single-family home. Single-family home prices increased across most states in the United States between December 2023 and December 2024, except in Louisiana, Florida, and the District of Colombia. According to the Federal Housing Association, house appreciation in 13 states exceeded **** percent in 2023.

Turkey experienced the highest annual change in house prices in 2025, followed by North Macedonia and Portugal. In the second quarter of the year, the nominal house price in Turkey grew by **** percent, while in North Macedonia and Portugal, the increase was **** and **** percent, respectively. Meanwhile, some countries saw prices fall throughout the year. That has to do with an overall cooling of the global housing market that started in 2022. When accounting for inflation, house price growth was slower, and even more countries saw the market shrink.

Discover the booming Canadian luxury housing market! Explore its projected growth exceeding 10% CAGR, key drivers, leading developers (Onni Group, Concord Pacific, etc.), and regional variations. Analyze market trends and forecasts to 2033. Key drivers for this market are: Increasing Adoption of Remote and Hybrid Work Model. Potential restraints include: Lack of Privacy. Notable trends are: Pandemic Accelerated Luxury Home Sales in Major Canadian Markets.

Average House Prices in the United States increased to 534100 USD in August from 478200 USD in July of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States New Home Average Sales Price.

Home Value Insights: A Beginner's Regression Dataset

This dataset is designed for beginners to practice regression problems, particularly in the context of predicting house prices. It contains 1000 rows, with each row representing a house and various attributes that influence its price. The dataset is well-suited for learning basic to intermediate-level regression modeling techniques.

Features:

1. Square_Footage: The size of the house in square feet. Larger homes typically have higher prices.
2. Num_Bedrooms: The number of bedrooms in the house. More bedrooms generally increase the value of a home.
3. Num_Bathrooms: The number of bathrooms in the house. Houses with more bathrooms are typically priced higher.
4. Year_Built: The year the house was built. Older houses may be priced lower due to wear and tear.
5. Lot_Size: The size of the lot the house is built on, measured in acres. Larger lots tend to add value to a property.
6. Garage_Size: The number of cars that can fit in the garage. Houses with larger garages are usually more expensive.
7. Neighborhood_Quality: A rating of the neighborhood’s quality on a scale of 1-10, where 10 indicates a high-quality neighborhood. Better neighborhoods usually command higher prices.
8. House_Price (Target Variable): The price of the house, which is the dependent variable you aim to predict.

Potential Uses:

1. Beginner Regression Projects: This dataset can be used to practice building regression models such as Linear Regression, Decision Trees, or Random Forests. The target variable (house price) is continuous, making this an ideal problem for supervised learning techniques.

2. Feature Engineering Practice: Learners can create new features by combining existing ones, such as the price per square foot or age of the house, providing an opportunity to experiment with feature transformations.

3. Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA): You can explore how different features (e.g., square footage, number of bedrooms) correlate with the target variable, making it a great dataset for learning about data visualization and summary statistics.

4. Model Evaluation: The dataset allows for various model evaluation techniques such as cross-validation, R-squared, and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). These metrics can be used to compare the effectiveness of different models.

Versatility:

• The dataset is highly versatile for a range of machine learning tasks. You can apply simple linear models to predict house prices based on one or two features, or use more complex models like Random Forest or Gradient Boosting Machines to understand interactions between variables.

• It can also be used for dimensionality reduction techniques like PCA or to practice handling categorical variables (e.g., neighborhood quality) through encoding techniques like one-hot encoding.

• This dataset is ideal for anyone wanting to gain practical experience in building regression models while working with real-world features.

Creating a rental market database for data analysis and machine learning.

How does it work ?

You scrape the property ads (sale or rent) on internet and you get a dataset.

Then 3 fancy solutions are possible:

• Run your webcrawler everyday for a specific place, upload the data in your data warehouse, and monitor the trends in real estate market prices.

• Apply machine learning to your database and get a sense of the relative expensiveness of the properties.

• Localize every property ads on a Google map using color-coded points in order to visualize the most cheap and expensive neighborhoods.

Original Data Source

For the sake of example, and for proximity reasons, we fetched information from a mid-sized Swiss city, called Lausanne, based in the south of Switzerland. The country has the particularity that people get often puzzled by the level of prices swarming almost everywhere in the rental markets. This is mostly related to the very high living standards prevailing over here. So we used one of the public property ads available in this french-speaking part of the country : https://www.homegate.ch/

Because the booming Swiss housing market is mainly a rental market (foreign investments have been riding high for the sales of property, and mortgage loans are closed to record low), I focused on real estate for rent ads in the Homegate website.

Building a webcrawler

In the Kernels section, you will find out how the Python looks like. I used BeautifulSoup and Urllib Python libraries to grab data from the website. As you can figure out, the code is simple, but really efficient.

What you get

In this example, I extracted data as of 03/17/2017, and I named the DataFrame "Output", available in CSV format to make the data compatible with most commonly preferred tools for analysis. It allows you to get a DataFrame with 12 columns:

• the date

• is it a rent or a buy

• the location

• the address of the property

• the zip code

• the available description of the property

• the number of rooms

• the surface

• the floor

• the price

• the source

Machine learning

In the Kernels section, you will see a very simple ML algorithm applied to the dataset in order to the "theoretical" price of each asset, at the end of the code. For the sake of simplicity, I ran a very straightforward linear regression using only 3 features (the 3 only quantitative factors I have at hand) :

• the number of rooms

• the floor

• the surface

I know what you're thinking right at the moment : those 3 features can barely explain the price of a property. Other determinants, such as the location, the neighborhood, the fact that it is outdated, badly maintained by a students roommate partying every night, ... , are of interest when it comes to assessing an appartment. But straightaway, I reduced the model to this.

Google Map display of the property ads and their relative expensiveness

cf Capture.PNG file

Upcoming improvements

• Add new features to machine learning process, especially a dummy variable accounting for the neighborhood to which the property pertains.

• See to what extent a logistic regression could overcome a linear regressor.

• Test more complex machine learning algorithms.

• Display trends in rental property prices, for each neighborhood, after establishing a larger database (with a few weeks of scraped data).

Discover the booming ASEAN manufactured homes market! This comprehensive analysis reveals a CAGR exceeding 5%, driven by urbanization, affordability needs, and government initiatives. Explore market size projections, regional breakdowns (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, etc.), key players, and future trends in this rapidly expanding sector. Recent developments include: September 2022: Scandinavian Industrialised Building Systems (SIBS) has invested over RM200 million to set up its second manufacturing facility at the Penang Science Park North in Simpang Ampat, Malaysia which boosts the production of modular construction materials. This expansion project is anticipated to increase the production lines to approximately four times more than the current production lines, March 2022: Sampangan (building system manufacturer) built a carbon tech modular home in Indonesia. This is a pilot project for a carbon concrete building system that is affordable for low-income communities. It is estimated to be 40 percent cheaper than conventional affordable housing in the market. The simplicity of design, modularity, knockdown system, and lighter weight would also enable low-income communities that generally do not have formal construction knowledge to build their own homes, and not depend on expensive professional contractors and developers.. Notable trends are: Rapid Urbanization in ASEAN Countries Boosts the Demand for Manufactured Homes.

Average House Prices in Canada increased to 688800 CAD in October from 687600 CAD in September of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Canada Average House Prices.

Graph and download economic data for All-Transactions House Price Index for Texas (TXSTHPI) from Q1 1975 to Q3 2025 about appraisers, TX, HPI, housing, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Residential Property Prices for Netherlands (QNLN628BIS) from Q1 1970 to Q2 2025 about Netherlands, residential, HPI, housing, price index, indexes, and price.