The global sales of oxytocin are estimated to be worth USD 108.4 million in 2025 and are anticipated to reach a value of USD 245.7 million by 2035. Sales are projected to rise at a CAGR of 8.3% over the forecast period between 2025 and 2035. The revenue generated by oxytocin in 2024 was USD 99.2 million.

Attributes	Key Insights
Historical Size, 2024	USD 99.2 million
Estimated Size, 2025	USD 108.4 million
Projected Size, 2035	USD 245.7 million
Value-based CAGR (2025 to 2035)	8.3%

Semi Annual Market Update

Particular	Value CAGR
H1	9.0% (2024 to 2034)
H2	8.7% (2024 to 2034)
H1	8.3% (2025 to 2035)
H2	7.8% (2025 to 2035)

Country-wise Insights

Countries	Value CAGR (2025 to 2035)
USA	3.1%
Germany	2.7%
UK	6.3%
Spain	4.5%
China	9.2%
India	9.9%

Category-wise Insights

Product Type	Postpartum
Value Share (2025)	87.6%

By Distribution Channel	Hospital Pharmacies
Value Share (2025)	64.5%

The global oxytocin testing kits market is anticipated to reach USD 1,351.4 million by 2035, rising from USD 740.5 million in 2025 at a 6.2% CAGR.

Attribute	Value
Market Size in 2025	USD 740.5 million
Market Size in 2035	USD 1,351.4 million
CAGR (2025 to 2035)	6.2%

Top Countries Manufacturing, Distributing, and Scaling Oxytocin Testing Kits

Countries	CAGR (2025 to 2035)
United States	5.2%
Germany	5.8%
China	8.9%
Japan	4.4%
India	10.3%

It has been demonstrated that secretion of several hormones can be classically conditioned, however, the underlying brain responses of such conditioning have never been investigated before. In this study we aimed to investigate how oxytocin administration and classically conditioned oxytocin influence brain responses. In total, 88 females were allocated to one of three groups: oxytocin administration, conditioned oxytocin, or placebo, and underwent an experiment consisting of three acquisition and three evocation days. Participants in the conditioned group received 24 IU of oxytocin together with a conditioned stimulus (CS) during three acquisition days and placebo with the CS on three evocation days. The oxytocin administration group received 24 IU of oxytocin and the placebo group received placebo during all days. On the last evocation day, fMRI scanning was performed for all participants during three tasks previously shown to be affected by oxytocin: presentation of emotional faces, crying baby sounds and heat pain. Region of interest analysis revealed that there was significantly lower activation in the right amygdala and in two clusters in the left superior temporal gyrus in the oxytocin administration group compared to the placebo group in response to observing fearful faces. The activation in the conditioned oxytocin group was in between the other two groups for these clusters but did not significantly differ from either group. No group differences were found in the other tasks. Preliminary evidence was found for brain activation of a conditioned oxytocin response; however, despite this trend in the expected direction, the conditioned group did not significantly differ from other groups. Future research should, therefore, investigate the optimal timing of conditioned endocrine responses and study whether the findings generalize to other hormones as well.

The Oxytocin Market Report is Segmented by Indication (Antepartum, Postpartum), Route of Administration (Parenteral, Intranasal, Oromucosal), Distribution Channel (Hospital Pharmacies, Retail Pharmacies, Online Pharmacies), and Geography (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East and Africa, South America). The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD).

Detailed oxytocin protocol in each study.

The neurohormone oxytocin regulates many aspects of physiology primarily by binding to its receptor, the oxytocin receptor. The oxytocin receptor gene (Oxtr) has been shown to have alternative transcripts in the mouse brain which may each have different biological functions or be used in specific contexts. A popular animal model for studying oxytocin-dependent social behaviors is the prairie vole, a biparental and monogamous rodent. Alternative transcriptional capacity of Oxtr in prairie voles is unknown. We used 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends to identify alternative Oxtr transcription start sites in prairie vole brain tissue and uterine tissue. We then validated expression of specific transcripts in fetal brains and assessed the impact of exogenous oxytocin administration in utero on offspring brain development. We identified seven distinct Oxtr transcripts, all of which are present in both brain and uterine tissue. We then demonstrated that maternal oxytocin administration alters expression of a specific subset of Oxtr transcripts and that these different transcripts are under unique epigenetic regulation, such that in the perinatal period only one of the alternative transcripts is associated with DNA methylation in the Oxtr promoter. These data establish the existence of multiple Oxtr transcripts in prairie vole brain and uterine tissue and implicate oxytocin in the regulation of alternative transcript expression. These data have significant implications for our understanding of null mutant models in both mice and voles and translation in human birth and behavior.

Abstract: Affectionate touch, which is vital for mental and physical health, was restricted during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study investigated the association between momentary affectionate touch and subjective well-being, as well as salivary oxytocin and cortisol in everyday life during the pandemic. In the first step, we measured anxiety and depression symptoms, loneliness, and attitude toward social touch in a large cross-sectional online survey (N=1,050). From this sample, N=247 participants completed ecologically momentary assessments (EMA) over two days with six daily assessments by answering smartphone-based questions on affectionate touch and momentary mental state and providing concomitant saliva samples for cortisol and oxytocin assessment. Multilevel models showed that on a within-person level, affectionate touch was associated with decreased self-reported anxiety, general burden, stress, and increased oxytocin levels. On a between-person level, affectionate touch was associated with decreased cortisol levels and higher happiness. Moreover, individuals with a positive attitude towards social touch experiencing loneliness reported more mental health problems. Our results suggest that affectionate touch is linked to higher endogenous oxytocin in times of pandemic and lockdown and might buffer stress on a subjective and hormonal level. These findings might have implications for preventing mental burden during social contact restrictions.

Demographic data, illness characteristics, basal and induced oxytocin levels and dimensions of empathy in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.

A collection of 56 brain maps. Each brain map is a 3D array of values representing properties of the brain at different locations.

Collection description

This collection includes unthresholded maps for all the analyses conducted in the study. Only the conjunction maps are presented thresholded at voxel level p=0.002.

A collection of 5 brain maps. Each brain map is a 3D array of values representing properties of the brain at different locations.

Collection description

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over design to compare the impacts of a single intranasal oxytocin dose on amygdala connectivity among individuals with schizophrenia (n = 22) versus healthy controls (n = 24).

Both oxytocin (OT) and touch are key mediators of social attachment. In rodents, tactile stimulation elicits endogenous release of OT, potentially facilitating attachment and other forms of prosocial behavior, yet the relationship between endogenous OT and neural modulation remains unexplored in humans. Using serial sampling of plasma hormone levels during functional neuroimaging across two successive social interactions, we show that contextual circumstances of social touch influence not only current hormonal and brain responses but also later responses. Namely, touch from a male to his female romantic partner enhanced her subsequent OT release for touch from an unfamiliar stranger, yet females’ OT responses to partner touch were dampened following stranger touch. Hypothalamus and dorsal raphe activation reflected plasma OT changes during the initial social interaction. In the subsequent interaction, precuneus and parietal-temporal cortex pathways tracked time- and context-dependent va...

This dataset accompanies the research article "Oxytocin signaling regulates maternally-directed behavior during early life". It includes Matlab data structures for each of the figures in the article. Within each structure are entries for each panel in the figure, including all data points presented in the panel. Panels that do not include any quantitative data (for example images) are also associated with entries in the matlab structures, but these entries are empty.

The table contains 25 products whose active ingredient are classified under the same pharmacologic class Oxytocin [CS].

Main effect of schizophrenia subjects on placebo

Collection description

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over design to compare the impacts of a single intranasal oxytocin dose on amygdala connectivity among individuals with schizophrenia (n = 22) versus healthy controls (n = 24).

Subject species

homo sapiens

Modality

fMRI-BOLD

Analysis level

group

Cognitive paradigm (task)

rest eyes closed

Map type

Z

The implementation of an institutional oxytocin checklist did not affect expert assessment of the use of oxytocin in labor. Checklist is included within the publication's appendix.

Trust underpins much of social and economic exchanges across human societies. In experimental economics, the Trust Game has served as the workhorse for the study of trust in a controlled incentivized setting. Recent evidence using intranasal drug administration, aka ‘sniffing’, suggests that oxytocin (OT) can function as a social hormone facilitating trust and other affiliative behaviors. Here we hypothesized that baseline plasma OT is a biomarker that partially predicts the degree of trust and trustworthiness observed in the trust game. Using a large sample of 1,158 participants, we observed a significant U-shaped relationship between plasma OT with the level of trust, and marginally with the level of trustworthiness, especially among males. Specifically, subjects with more extreme levels of plasma OT were more likely to be trusting as well as trustworthy than those with moderate levels of plasma OT. Our results contribute to a deeper understanding of the biological basis of human trust and underscore the usefulness of peripheral plasma OT measures in characterizing human social behavior.

Breastfeeding behaviors can significantly change mothers’ physiological and psychological states. The hormone oxytocin may mediate breastfeeding and mothers’ emotion recognition. This study examined the effects of endogenous oxytocin fluctuation via breastfeeding on emotion recognition in 51 primiparous mothers. Saliva oxytocin was assessed before and after the manipulation (breastfeeding or holding an infant), and emotion recognition tasks were conducted. Among mothers who breastfed daily, mothers with more increased levels of oxytocin after breastfeeding showed greater reduced negative recognition and enhanced positive recognition of adult facial expressions. These oxytocin functions accompanying breastfeeding may support continued nurturing behaviors and also affect the general social cognition of other adults beyond any specific effect on infants.

Social behavior plays an essential role in daily life. The neuropeptide oxytocin has generated considerable interest for its role in social behavior and potential to treat psychiatric disorders characterised by social dysfunction. This study advances our understanding of the neurobiological substrates of social behavior by interrogating human whole-brain maps of oxytocin pathway gene expression, demonstrating these genes are enriched in central, temporal, and olfactory brain regions. We also show via large-scale fMRI meta-analysis that these gene expression patterns correspond with brain regions involved in emotion and motivation processing. These results provide a proof-of-principle demonstration of corresponding mental states with gene expression patterns of a neuropeptide pathway involved in complex human behaviors, and identify neural network targets for future oxytocin trials.

Spearman correlation coefficients for associations between basal / induced oxytocin levels and MET cognitive and emotional empathy in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.

Introduction: In recent years, several studies were conducted to explore the potential augmenting effect of oxytocin for the treatment of individuals with severe mental illness. Nonetheless, studies exploring its effects in routine inpatient settings using high-quality randomized controlled trials are scarce. The current study assessed the effect of oxytocin administration on treatment process and outcome among psychiatric inpatients, while employing a rigorous experimental methodology. Methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was conducted at a public psychiatric hospital in Israel. Patients (N = 87, 71.3% female participants) were administered intranasal oxytocin/placebo twice daily for 4 weeks, as add-on to usual care. Patients were assessed for severity of anxiety and depression symptoms and their working alliance with their therapist after each therapy session, and treatment outcome was assessed weekly. Multilevel modeling was performed to assess the linear change from pre- to post-treatment. Results: Patients receiving OT demonstrated significantly larger symptomatic improvements (B = −0.01, t [437] = −2.36, p = 0.01). Larger gains were also observed for depression (B = −0.14, p < 0.001 in the OT group, B = −0.06, p = 0.02 in the placebo group) and general distress (B = −0.57, p < 0.001 in the OT group, B = −0.29, p = 0.02 in the placebo group). No significant effect was observed for anxiety, the working alliance, or attachment. Discussion: Oxytocin has the potential to improve treatment outcome among inpatients. Nonetheless, additional controlled research is needed to further assess its effects on therapy process, as well as to account for therapeutic, pharmacological, and neuronal intervening factors.