The global sales of oxytocin are estimated to be worth USD 108.4 million in 2025 and are anticipated to reach a value of USD 245.7 million by 2035. Sales are projected to rise at a CAGR of 8.3% over the forecast period between 2025 and 2035. The revenue generated by oxytocin in 2024 was USD 99.2 million.

Attributes	Key Insights
Historical Size, 2024	USD 99.2 million
Estimated Size, 2025	USD 108.4 million
Projected Size, 2035	USD 245.7 million
Value-based CAGR (2025 to 2035)	8.3%

Semi Annual Market Update

Particular	Value CAGR
H1	9.0% (2024 to 2034)
H2	8.7% (2024 to 2034)
H1	8.3% (2025 to 2035)
H2	7.8% (2025 to 2035)

Country-wise Insights

Countries	Value CAGR (2025 to 2035)
USA	3.1%
Germany	2.7%
UK	6.3%
Spain	4.5%
China	9.2%
India	9.9%

Category-wise Insights

Product Type	Postpartum
Value Share (2025)	87.6%

By Distribution Channel	Hospital Pharmacies
Value Share (2025)	64.5%

Oxytocin is a neuropeptide released in the central nervous system, which is involved in a wide range of behaviors including reproduction, parental care, and pair bonding. In addition, peripheral oxytocin is important for milk ejection during nursing and uterine contractions during labor. Oxytocin is produced mainly in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus. This study describes a neural circuit routing auditory information about infant vocalizations to mouse oxytocin neurons. They performed in vivo electrophysiological recordings and photometry from identified oxytocin neurons in awake maternal mice presented with pup calls. For this study, they made cell-attached and whole-cell recordings from PVN oxytocin neurons and other optically-unresponsive PVN neurons in awake head-fixed mouse dams. The dataset contains electrophysiology, behavioral, histology, and fiber photometry data. This study reveals a circuit that unlocks central oxytocin release and maternal behavior in response to pup calls.

The Oxytocin Market Report is Segmented by Indication (Antepartum, Postpartum), Route of Administration (Parenteral, Intranasal, Oromucosal), Distribution Channel (Hospital Pharmacies, Retail Pharmacies, Online Pharmacies), and Geography (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East and Africa, South America). The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD).

Detailed oxytocin protocol in each study.

The dataset contains the files (DARE_Workfile, Empathy_Workfile) used for the analyses of the study published by Fragkaki and Cima (2019) in Psychoneuroendocrinology. The study examined the effect of oxytocin administration on empathy and emotion recognition in 100 male adolescents living in residential youth care facilities. The study had a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subject design. The study included 3 sessions: screening session and two experimental sessions. In the experimental sessions, the participants received oxytocin in one session and placebo in the other session and performed the same experimental tasks on empathy and emotion recognition 30 min after administration. The order of the sprays as well as the order of the tasks were randomized using computer randomization. We performed mixed modeling to examined the effect of oxytocin on the outcome variables. The file “Documentation-ReadMe” describes the trial information, methodology, and the variables included in the datasets. The file "icu_dutch" is the Dutch version of the Inventory of callous-unemotional traits, the file ctq_dutch" is the Dutch version of the Childhood trauma questionnaire", and the file "ades_dutch" is the Dutch version of the Adolescent dissociative experiences scale.

A collection of 3 brain maps. Each brain map is a 3D array of values representing properties of the brain at different locations.

Collection description

It has been demonstrated that secretion of several hormones can be classically conditioned, however, the underlying brain responses of such conditioning have never been investigated before. In this study we aimed to investigate how oxytocin administration and classically conditioned oxytocin influence brain responses. In total, 88 females were allocated to one of three groups: oxytocin administration, conditioned oxytocin, or placebo, and underwent an experiment consisting of three acquisition and three evocation days. Participants in the conditioned group received 24 IU of oxytocin together with a conditioned stimulus (CS) during three acquisition days and placebo with the CS on three evocation days. The oxytocin administration group received 24 IU of oxytocin and the placebo group received placebo during all days. On the last evocation day, fMRI scanning was performed for all participants during three tasks previously shown to be affected by oxytocin: presentation of emotional faces, crying baby sounds and heat pain. Region of interest analysis revealed that there was significantly lower activation in the right amygdala and in two clusters in the left superior temporal gyrus in the oxytocin administration group compared to the placebo group in response to observing fearful faces. The activation in the conditioned oxytocin group was in between the other two groups for these clusters but did not significantly differ from either group. No group differences were found in the other tasks. Preliminary evidence was found for brain activation of a conditioned oxytocin response; however, despite this trend in the expected direction, the conditioned group did not significantly differ from other groups. Future research should, therefore, investigate the optimal timing of conditioned endocrine responses and study whether the findings generalize to other hormones as well.

The neurohormone oxytocin regulates many aspects of physiology primarily by binding to its receptor, the oxytocin receptor. The oxytocin receptor gene (Oxtr) has been shown to have alternative transcripts in the mouse brain which may each have different biological functions or be used in specific contexts. A popular animal model for studying oxytocin-dependent social behaviors is the prairie vole, a biparental and monogamous rodent. Alternative transcriptional capacity of Oxtr in prairie voles is unknown. We used 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends to identify alternative Oxtr transcription start sites in prairie vole brain tissue and uterine tissue. We then validated expression of specific transcripts in fetal brains and assessed the impact of exogenous oxytocin administration in utero on offspring brain development. We identified seven distinct Oxtr transcripts, all of which are present in both brain and uterine tissue. We then demonstrated that maternal oxytocin administration alters expression of a specific subset of Oxtr transcripts and that these different transcripts are under unique epigenetic regulation, such that in the perinatal period only one of the alternative transcripts is associated with DNA methylation in the Oxtr promoter. These data establish the existence of multiple Oxtr transcripts in prairie vole brain and uterine tissue and implicate oxytocin in the regulation of alternative transcript expression. These data have significant implications for our understanding of null mutant models in both mice and voles and translation in human birth and behavior.

Abstract: Affectionate touch, which is vital for mental and physical health, was restricted during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study investigated the association between momentary affectionate touch and subjective well-being, as well as salivary oxytocin and cortisol in everyday life during the pandemic. In the first step, we measured anxiety and depression symptoms, loneliness, and attitude toward social touch in a large cross-sectional online survey (N=1,050). From this sample, N=247 participants completed ecologically momentary assessments (EMA) over two days with six daily assessments by answering smartphone-based questions on affectionate touch and momentary mental state and providing concomitant saliva samples for cortisol and oxytocin assessment. Multilevel models showed that on a within-person level, affectionate touch was associated with decreased self-reported anxiety, general burden, stress, and increased oxytocin levels. On a between-person level, affectionate touch was associated with decreased cortisol levels and higher happiness. Moreover, individuals with a positive attitude towards social touch experiencing loneliness reported more mental health problems. Our results suggest that affectionate touch is linked to higher endogenous oxytocin in times of pandemic and lockdown and might buffer stress on a subjective and hormonal level. These findings might have implications for preventing mental burden during social contact restrictions.

Oxytocin Market Outlook

The global oxytocin market size was estimated at USD 173.5 million in 2023 and is projected to reach a valuation of approximately USD 257.4 million by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.5% during the forecast period from 2024 to 2032. This expansion is primarily driven by the increasing demand for oxytocin in various medical applications, especially in obstetrics, due to its critical role in labor induction and management of postpartum hemorrhage. The rising awareness and education about maternal health, coupled with technological advancements in healthcare, are key factors that are likely to positively impact the growth trajectory of the oxytocin market over the coming years.

The growth of the oxytocin market is largely fueled by the increasing global birth rate and the subsequent demand for effective labor induction methods. As more women seek medical assistance during childbirth, the usage of oxytocin for labor induction has seen a significant rise. This trend is further bolstered by the availability of improved healthcare infrastructure and medical personnel trained in handling childbirth procedures efficiently across various developing regions. Additionally, the increasing awareness about maternal and neonatal health prompts healthcare providers to adopt best practices in labor management, where oxytocin plays an indispensable role, thereby driving market growth.

Another growth factor contributing to the oxytocin market is the rising incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, a major cause of maternal mortality worldwide. The use of oxytocin as a uterotonic agent to control bleeding after delivery has made it an essential drug in maternity care settings. Governments and health organizations are actively promoting the use of oxytocin as a preventive measure against postpartum hemorrhage, further boosting its demand. Initiatives to enhance maternal health and reduce childbirth-related complications are crucial in ensuring the wide adoption of oxytocin, particularly in regions with high maternal mortality rates.

In addition to its role in labor management, oxytocin is also gaining recognition for its potential benefits in lactation enhancement. The hormone stimulates milk ejection in breastfeeding mothers, helping to improve breastfeeding rates and infant nutrition. With the rising emphasis on breastfeeding and infant health, the demand for oxytocin to support lactation is expected to increase, contributing to market growth. Furthermore, the ongoing research into the broader therapeutic applications of oxytocin, such as its use in treating certain psychiatric conditions, could open new avenues for market expansion.

Carbetocin Injection is emerging as a promising alternative to oxytocin in the management of postpartum hemorrhage, particularly in settings where cold chain storage is a challenge. Unlike oxytocin, Carbetocin Injection does not require refrigeration, making it highly suitable for use in low-resource settings where maintaining a cold chain is difficult. This stability under ambient conditions allows for broader distribution and accessibility, especially in rural and remote areas. Moreover, clinical studies have shown that Carbetocin Injection is as effective as oxytocin in preventing postpartum hemorrhage, offering a viable option for healthcare providers. As global health initiatives continue to focus on reducing maternal mortality, the adoption of Carbetocin Injection could play a critical role in enhancing maternal health outcomes, particularly in developing regions.

From a regional perspective, the oxytocin market is witnessing varied growth patterns. North America and Europe are prominent markets due to their advanced healthcare systems and high awareness of maternal health issues. Meanwhile, the Asia Pacific region is anticipated to exhibit the fastest growth during the forecast period, driven by a substantial rise in birth rates and improving healthcare facilities. The Middle East & Africa and Latin America are also emerging as significant markets due to increasing healthcare investments and initiatives aimed at reducing maternal mortality. Overall, the global oxytocin market is poised for steady growth, supported by multiple regional dynamics and healthcare trends.

Product Type Analysis

Within the oxytocin market, the segmentation by product type into synthetic and natural oxytocin presents a comprehensive landscape of choices available to healthcare providers. Synthetic oxy

Introduction

This note describes the data sets used for all analyses contained in the manuscript 'Oxytocin - a social peptide?’[1]

Data Collection

The datasets described here were originally retrieved from Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection via the University of Edinburgh’s library subscription [2]. The aim of the original study for which these data were gathered was to survey peer-reviewed primary studies on oxytocin and social behaviour. To capture relevant papers, we used the following query:

TI = (“oxytocin” OR “pitocin” OR “syntocinon”) AND TS = (“social*” OR “pro$social” OR “anti$social”)

The final search was performed on the 13 September 2021. This returned a total of 2,747 records, of which 2,049 were classified by WoS as ‘articles’. Given our interest in primary studies only – articles reporting original data – we excluded all other document types. We further excluded all articles sub-classified as ‘book chapters’ or as ‘proceeding papers’ in order to limit our analysis to primary studies published in peer-reviewed academic journals. This reduced the set to 1,977 articles. All of these were published in the English language, and no further language refinements were unnecessary.

All available metadata on these 1,977 articles was exported as plain text ‘flat’ format files in four batches, which we later merged together via Notepad++. Upon manually examination, we discovered examples of papers classified as ‘articles’ by WoS that were, in fact, reviews. To further filter our results, we searched all available PMIDs in PubMed (1,903 had associated PMIDs - ~96% of set). We then filtered results to identify all records classified as ‘review’, ‘systematic review’, or ‘meta-analysis’, identifying 75 records [3] (thus, ~4% of records classified by WoS were classified as reviews in PubMed). After examining a sample and agreeing with the PubMed classification, these were removed these from our dataset - leaving a total of 1,902 articles.

From these data, we constructed two datasets via parsing out relevant reference data via the Sci2 Tool [4]. First, we constructed a ‘node-attribute-list’ by first linking unique reference strings (‘Cite Me As’ column in WoS data files) to unique identifiers, we then parsed into this dataset information on the identify of a paper, including the title of the article, all authors, journal publication, year of publication, total citations as recorded from WoS, and WoS accession number. Second, we constructed an ‘edge-list’ that records the citations from a citing paper in the ‘Source’ column and identifies the cited paper in the ‘Target’ column, using the unique identifies as described previously to link these data to the node-attribute-list.

We then constructed a network in which papers are nodes, and citation links between nodes are directed edges between nodes. We used Gephi Version 0.9.2 [5] to manually clean these data by merging duplicate references that are caused by different reference formats or by referencing errors. To do this, we needed to retain both all retrieved records (1,902) as well as including all of their references to papers whether these were included in our original search or not. In total, this produced a network of 46,633 nodes (unique reference strings) and 112,520 edges (citation links). Thus, the average reference list size of these articles is ~59 references. The mean indegree (within network citations) is 2.4 (median is 1) for the entire network reflecting a great diversity in referencing choices among our 1,902 articles.

After merging duplicates, we then restricted the network to include only articles fully retrieved (1,902), and retrained only those that were connected together by citations links in a large interconnected network (i.e. the largest component). In total, 1,892 (99.5%) of our initial set were connected together via citation links, meaning a total of ten papers were removed from the following analysis – and these were neither connected to the largest component, nor did they form connections with one another (i.e. these were ‘isolates’).

This left us with a network of 1,892 nodes connected together by 26,019 edges. It is this network that is described by the ‘node-attribute-list’ and ‘edge-list’ provided here. This network has a mean in-degree of 13.76 (median in-degree of 4). By restricting our analysis in this way, we lose 44,741 unique references (96%) and 86,501 citations (77%) from the full network, but retain a set of articles tightly knitted together, all of which have been fully retrieved due to possessing certain terms related to oxytocin AND social behaviour in their title, abstract, or associated keywords.

Before moving on, we calculated indegree for all nodes in this network – this counts the number of citations to a given paper from other papers within this network – and have included this in the node-attribute-list. We further clustered this network via modularity maximisation via the Leiden algorithm [6]. We set the algorithm to resolution 1, and allowed the algorithm to run over 100 iterations and 100 restarts. This gave Q=0.43 and identified seven clusters, which we describe in detail within the body of the paper. We have included cluster membership as an attribute in the node-attribute-list.

For additional analysis, we also analysed the full reference list data to examine the most commonly cited references between 2016 and 2021 - the results of this are described in OTSOC_Cited_2016-2021.csv. This takes the reference lists of all retrieved papers within the network and examines their full reference lists (including references to other papers not contained within the network). These data were cleaned by matching DOIs and manual cleansing.

Data description

We include here two network datasets: (i) ‘OTSOC-node-attribute-list.csv’ consists of the attributes of 1,892 primary articles retrieved from WoS that include terms indicating a focus on oxytocin and social behaviour; (ii) ‘OTSOC-edge-list.csv’ records the citations between these papers. Together, these can be imported into a range of different software for network analysis; however, we have formatted these for ease of upload into Gephi 0.9.2. Finally, we include (iii) 'OTSOC_Cited_2016-2021' that lists all papers cited by >10 papers in the OTSOC network following any analysis of the bibliographies of retrieved papers. Below, we detail their contents:

1. ‘OTSOC-node-attribute-list.csv’ is a comma-separate values file that contains all node attributes for the citation network (n=1,892) analysed in the paper. The columns refer to:

Id, the unique identifier

Label, the reference string of the paper to which the attributes in this row correspond. This is taken from the ‘Cite Me As’ column from the original WoS download. The reference string is in the following format: last name of first author, publication year, journal, volume, start page, and DOI (if available).

Wos_id, unique Web of Science (WoS) accession number. These can be used to query WoS to find further data on all papers via the ‘UT= ’ field tag.

Title, paper title.

Authors, all named authors.

Journal, journal of publication.

Pub_year, year of publication.

Wos_citations, total number of citations recorded by WoS Core Collection to a given paper as of 13 September 2021

Indegree, the number of within network citations to a given paper, calculated for the network shown in Figure 1 of the manuscript.

Cluster, provides the cluster membership number as discussed within the manuscript (Figure 1). This was established via modularity maximisation via the Leiden algorithm (Res 1; Q=0.43|7 clusters)

2. ‘OTSOC-edge -list.csv’ is a comma-separated values file that contains all citation links between the 1,892 articles (n=26,019). The columns refer to:

Source, the unique identifier of the citing paper.

Target, the unique identifier of the cited paper.

Type, edges are ‘Directed’, and this column tells Gephi to regard all edges as such.

Syr_date, this contains the date of publication of the citing paper.

Tyr_date, this contains the date of publication of the cited paper.

3. 'OTSOC_Cited_2016-2021.csv' is a comma-separated values file that contain citations to all cited references that were cited by at least 10 of the retrieved papers within the OTSOC network published from 2016 onwards. The columns refer to:

Reference, the cited reference string extracted from the bibliographies of retrieved papers.

Publication year, the publication year of the cited reference.

DOI, the DOI of the cited reference.

indegree_2016, the total number of citations to a cited reference from papers published in 2016 and contained within the OTSOC network.

indegree_2017, the total number of citations to a cited reference from papers published in 2017 and contained within the OTSOC network.

indegree_2018, the total number of citations to a cited reference from papers published in 2018 and contained within the OTSOC network.

indegree_2019, the total number of citations to a cited

A collection of 5 brain maps. Each brain map is a 3D array of values representing properties of the brain at different locations.

Collection description

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over design to compare the impacts of a single intranasal oxytocin dose on amygdala connectivity among individuals with schizophrenia (n = 22) versus healthy controls (n = 24).

Get key insights from Market Research Intellect's Injection Oxytocin Manufacturers Profiles Market Report, valued at USD 1.5 billion in 2024, and forecast to grow to USD 2.5 billion by 2033, with a CAGR of 7.5% (2026-2033).

The global oxytocin testing kits market is anticipated to reach USD 1,351.4 million by 2035, rising from USD 740.5 million in 2025 at a 6.2% CAGR.

Attribute	Value
Market Size in 2025	USD 740.5 million
Market Size in 2035	USD 1,351.4 million
CAGR (2025 to 2035)	6.2%

Top Countries Manufacturing, Distributing, and Scaling Oxytocin Testing Kits

Countries	CAGR (2025 to 2035)
United States	5.2%
Germany	5.8%
China	8.9%
Japan	4.4%
India	10.3%

This study examined oxytocin expression in experimental models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and evaluated the therapeutic potential of treatment with oxytocin. They investigated changes in oxytocin expression in APP/PS1 mouse model and developed a chronic intranasal treatment protocol to increase oxytocin levels in the brain. Then, tested oxytocin as a potential approach to attenuate microglial activation and reverse memory deficits. This dataset includes source data used to assemble different figures in the publication. The source data contains data about hypothalamic expression of oxytocin is reduced in AD models, chronic intranasal administration of oxytocin increases hippocampal oxytocin and attenuates fear response in mice, cellular and molecular impact of intranasal oxytocin in APP/PS1 mouse brains, oxytocin attenuates AβO-induced microglial activation in vitro, and intranasal oxytocin reverses social and non-social memory deficits in aged APP/PS1 mice.

The global oxytocin market size is forecast to reach USD 193.02 million and estimated to expand at a CAGR of 9.3% by 2032, according to PMR.

The table contains 25 products whose active ingredient are classified under the same pharmacologic class Oxytocin [CS].

The global Oxytocin Supplement market is projected to reach a value of $90 million by 2033, expanding at a CAGR of 7.9% from 2025 to 2033. The increasing prevalence of mental health disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and autism, is driving the demand for oxytocin supplements as these supplements have been shown to have therapeutic effects in reducing symptoms of these conditions. Additionally, the growing awareness about the benefits of oxytocin, such as its role in promoting social bonding and reducing stress, is contributing to the market growth. Geographical segmentation reveals that North America holds the dominant share in the Oxytocin Supplement market, owing to the high prevalence of mental health disorders and the presence of major pharmaceutical companies in the region. Asia Pacific is expected to witness significant growth over the forecast period due to rising healthcare expenditure, increasing awareness about mental health, and the presence of a large population base. Key players in the market include PherLuv, Green Organic Supplements, CareFirst Pharmacy, Super Nature Products, BeringOmega, and Empower Pharmacy Market Outlook The global oxytocin supplement market is poised to witness substantial growth, with an estimated value of over USD 500 million by 2028. This surge is attributed to the increasing prevalence of hormone imbalances, social isolation, and mental health issues, driving the demand for oxytocin as a natural remedy.

Both oxytocin (OT) and touch are key mediators of social attachment. In rodents, tactile stimulation elicits endogenous release of OT, potentially facilitating attachment and other forms of prosocial behavior, yet the relationship between endogenous OT and neural modulation remains unexplored in humans. Using serial sampling of plasma hormone levels during functional neuroimaging across two successive social interactions, we show that contextual circumstances of social touch influence not only current hormonal and brain responses but also later responses. Namely, touch from a male to his female romantic partner enhanced her subsequent OT release for touch from an unfamiliar stranger, yet females’ OT responses to partner touch were dampened following stranger touch. Hypothalamus and dorsal raphe activation reflected plasma OT changes during the initial social interaction. In the subsequent interaction, precuneus and parietal-temporal cortex pathways tracked time- and context-dependent va...

A collection of 60 brain maps. Each brain map is a 3D array of values representing properties of the brain at different locations.

Collection description

We employed a coordinate-based meta-analysis for task-based neuroimaging literature using activation likelihood estimation (ALE), whereby, coordinates were extracted from clusters with significant differences in intranasal oxytocin versus placebo in healthy adults. Data were included for 39 fMRI studies that reported a total of 372 distinct foci in 1568 participants.