The new PA-X Peace Agreement Database (www.peaceagreements.org) addresses a gap in the study of peace processes by archiving and coding all formal peace agreements signed since 1990. It currently contains more than 1500 agreements, coding conceptually for 225 substantive categories such as power-sharing or transitional justice and enabling search permutations which can disaggregate the data by country, entity, region, conflict type, and stage of agreement, and different combinations of issues addressed. The database is intended to support qualitative and quantitative research on peace agreements, enabling triangulation with existing peace agreement and conflict datasets, and support the study of sequencing and its relationship to substantive trade-offs within and across conflicts.

Context

This dataset is a copy of the University of Edinburgh's PA-X Peace Agreements Database (available and searchable here). The database is "a repository of over 1500 peace agreements from over 140 processes from 1990 current until 1 January 2016."

Content

The dataset includes the text of the agreement, the scenario under which it was signed, and some other metadata about the agreement.

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset, please cite is using one or both of the following citations:

PA-X (2017). Peace Agreements Database and Access Tool, Version 1. Political Settlements Research Programme, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh. www.peaceagreements.org

Bell, Christine, Sanja Badanjak, Robert Forster, Astrid Jamar, Jan Pospisil, Laura Wise (2017). PA-X Codebook, Version 1. Political Settlements Research Programme, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh. www.peaceagrements.org

Click here to see the Terms of Use.

Inspiration

What can you discover by applying natural language processing to the text of the peace agreements contained in this dataset?

PAX-Ray++ Dataset

The PAX-Ray++ Dataset is a high-quality dataset designed to facilitate segmentation tasks for anatomical structures in chest radiographs. By leveraging pseudo-labeled thorax CT scans projected onto a 2D plane, this dataset provides fine-grained annotations resembling traditional X-ray imaging. This enables the development and evaluation of models tailored to anatomical segmentation in medical imaging.

  Key Features

Large Dataset: Contains 7,377… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/cmseibold/PAX-RayPlusPlus.

This represents data on peace agreement commitments towards refugees and displaced persons on the African continent (excluding MENA) from 1990 to 2018. It is the result of the analysis of 177 peace agreements responding to the search queries ‘Africa (excl. MENA)’ and ‘refugees and displaced persons’ on the Peace Agreement Database (PA-X). Through robust content analysis procedures, these agreements were coded based on their commitments to forced migrants. In total, 61 codes were classified into 10 categories: (1) repatriation, resettlement, reintegration, rehabilitation, and reconstruction (‘5R’), (2) state/party recognition, (3) provision commitments, (4) development, (5) programming, (6) institution-building, (7) ground conditions, (8) land and property, (9) prohibitions and restrictions, and (10) law and rights.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Pax population over the last 20 plus years. It lists the population for each year, along with the year on year change in population, as well as the change in percentage terms for each year. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population change of Pax across the last two decades. For example, using this dataset, we can identify if the population is declining or increasing. If there is a change, when the population peaked, or if it is still growing and has not reached its peak. We can also compare the trend with the overall trend of United States population over the same period of time.

Key observations

In 2023, the population of Pax was 130, a 0.76% decrease year-by-year from 2022. Previously, in 2022, Pax population was 131, a decline of 2.24% compared to a population of 134 in 2021. Over the last 20 plus years, between 2000 and 2023, population of Pax decreased by 54. In this period, the peak population was 184 in the year 2000. The numbers suggest that the population has already reached its peak and is showing a trend of decline. Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP).

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP).

Data Coverage:

• From 2000 to 2023

Variables / Data Columns

• Year: This column displays the data year (Measured annually and for years 2000 to 2023)
• Population: The population for the specific year for the Pax is shown in this column.
• Year on Year Change: This column displays the change in Pax population for each year compared to the previous year.
• Change in Percent: This column displays the year on year change as a percentage. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Pax Population by Year. You can refer the same here

Influenza A viruses modulate host antiviral responses to promote viral growth and pathogenicity. Through viral PA-X and NS1 proteins, the virus is capable of suppressing host protein synthesis, termed “host shutoff.” Although both proteins are known to induce general shutoff, specificity of target genes and their functional interplay in mediating host shutoff are not fully elucidated. In this study, we generated four recombinant influenza A/California/04/2009 (pH1N1) viruses containing mutations affecting the expression of active PA-X and NS1. We analyzed viral growth, general shutoff activity, specificity of mRNA targets, and viral gene expressions. Our results showed that PA-X was the major contributor in reducing general host protein expression in the virus-infected cells. Intriguingly, our transcriptomic analysis from infected human airway A549 cells indicate that shutoff-active NS1 specifically targeted host mRNAs related to interferon (IFN) signaling pathways and cytokine release. Specificity of target mRNAs was less evident in PA-X, although it preferentially degraded genes associated with cellular protein metabolism and protein repair. Interestingly, in the presence of shutoff-active NS1, PA-X also degraded viral mRNAs, especially NS segments. The virus expressing shutoff-active NS1 with reduced amount of PA-X expression most efficiently suppressed antiviral and innate immune responses in human cells, indicating that influenza virus needs to optimize the contribution of these two shutoff proteins to circumvent host responses for its optimum growth.

This dataset contains the predicted prices of the asset pax over the next 16 years. This data is calculated initially using a default 5 percent annual growth rate, and after page load, it features a sliding scale component where the user can then further adjust the growth rate to their own positive or negative projections. The maximum positive adjustable growth rate is 100 percent, and the minimum adjustable growth rate is -100 percent.

This dataset contains the predicted prices of the asset PAX Gold over the next 16 years. This data is calculated initially using a default 5 percent annual growth rate, and after page load, it features a sliding scale component where the user can then further adjust the growth rate to their own positive or negative projections. The maximum positive adjustable growth rate is 100 percent, and the minimum adjustable growth rate is -100 percent.

pax.com is ranked #41261 in US with 277.66K Traffic. Categories: Retail. Learn more about website traffic, market share, and more!

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Find the updated USDA growing zone for Pax, WV.

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Data and statistical code (Stata) required to replicate the analyses reported in the paper.

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