External Debt in Pakistan increased to 134971 USD Million in the second quarter of 2025 from 130179 USD Million in the first quarter of 2025. This dataset provides - Pakistan External Debt - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Key information about Pakistan External Debt

• Pakistan External Debt reached 134.5 USD bn in Sep 2025, compared with 134.9 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• Pakistan External Debt: USD mn data is updated quarterly, available from Jun 2006 to Sep 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 134.9 USD bn in Jun 2025 and a record low of 37.2 USD bn in Jun 2006.

Related information about Pakistan External Debt

• In the latest reports of Pakistan, Current Account recorded a deficit of 621.0 USD mn in Sep 2025.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 178.9 USD mn in Oct 2025.
• Pakistan Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 85.0 USD mn in Sep 2025.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment fell by 631.0 USD mn in Sep 2025.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 407.2 USD bn in Jun 2025.

The national debt of Pakistan stood at ************** U.S. dollars in 2024. Between 1994 and 2024, the national debt rose by ************** U.S. dollars, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend. The national debt will steadily rise by ************** U.S. dollars over the period from 2024 to 2030, reflecting a clear upward trend.

Key information about Pakistan Total Loans

• Pakistan Total Loans was reported at 51.850 USD bn in Jan 2025
• This records a decrease from the previous number of 56.027 USD bn for Dec 2024
• Pakistan Total Loans data is updated monthly, averaging 42.223 USD bn from Sep 2007 to Jan 2025, with 209 observations
• The data reached an all-time high of 60.190 USD bn in May 2018 and a record low of 34.697 USD bn in Aug 2013
• Pakistan Total Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data
• The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Global Economic Monitor – Table: Total Loans: USD: Monthly

CEIC converts monthly Total Loans into USD. The State Bank of Pakistan provides Total Loans in local currency. The State Bank of Pakistan period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Total Loans cover lenders as Scheduled Banks. Total Loans cover debtors as Resident only.

Pakistan recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 80 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - Pakistan Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Pakistan PK: External Debt: NFL: PS: Bilateral Concessional data was reported at -411.968 USD mn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of -386.802 USD mn for 2022. Pakistan PK: External Debt: NFL: PS: Bilateral Concessional data is updated yearly, averaging 59.067 USD mn from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2023, with 54 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 986.895 USD mn in 2020 and a record low of -411.968 USD mn in 2023. Pakistan PK: External Debt: NFL: PS: Bilateral Concessional data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank.IDS: External Debt: Net Flows and Net Transfers: Annual. Public sector bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Net flows (or net lending or net disbursements) received by the borrower during the year are disbursements minus principal repayments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

This study aims to assess the influence of internal and external factors on the Efficiency of banks in Pakistan using the Data Envelopment Analysis Approach (DEA). Bank’s Efficiency is measured through DEA Model using input and output variables. The input variable includes the number of employees, number of branches, administration expenses, non-interest expenses, and loan loss provisions. In contrast, the output variable consists of net interest income, net commissions, and total other income. This study considers the internal determinants of the bank’s Efficiency as corporate governance, enterprise risk management, ownership structure (state, foreign, and domestic ultimate owned banks), return on equity, financial leverage, and the size of the bank. The external determinants of the bank’s Efficiency include banking structure and macroeconomic conditions. The study has used data from seventeen commercial banks over the period of 2011 to 2020. The study used the Data Envelopment Analysis Approach (DEA) and Logit and Probit Regression Model to evaluate research hypotheses. The Logit model results show that corporate governance, ultimate global ownership, and return on equity have a statistically significant and positive impact on the bank’s Efficiency. Enterprise risk management and financial leverage adversely affect the bank’s Efficiency. Better corporate governance can help banks to control the risk and cost of capital and enhancement the effectiveness of capital. Similarly, better risk management of banks can lead to better operational and strategic decisions in the competitive banking environment.

This study aims to assess the influence of internal and external factors on the Efficiency of banks in Pakistan using the Data Envelopment Analysis Approach (DEA). Bank’s Efficiency is measured through DEA Model using input and output variables. The input variable includes the number of employees, number of branches, administration expenses, non-interest expenses, and loan loss provisions. In contrast, the output variable consists of net interest income, net commissions, and total other income. This study considers the internal determinants of the bank’s Efficiency as corporate governance, enterprise risk management, ownership structure (state, foreign, and domestic ultimate owned banks), return on equity, financial leverage, and the size of the bank. The external determinants of the bank’s Efficiency include banking structure and macroeconomic conditions. The study has used data from seventeen commercial banks over the period of 2011 to 2020. The study used the Data Envelopment Analysis Approach (DEA) and Logit and Probit Regression Model to evaluate research hypotheses. The Logit model results show that corporate governance, ultimate global ownership, and return on equity have a statistically significant and positive impact on the bank’s Efficiency. Enterprise risk management and financial leverage adversely affect the bank’s Efficiency. Better corporate governance can help banks to control the risk and cost of capital and enhancement the effectiveness of capital. Similarly, better risk management of banks can lead to better operational and strategic decisions in the competitive banking environment.