In 2023, agriculture contributed around 23.37 percent to the GDP of Pakistan, 20.76 percent came from the industry, and over half of the economy’s contribution to GDP came from the services sector. Divisions of the economy There are three main sectors of economy: The primary sector encompassed agriculture, fishing and mining. The secondary sector is the manufacturing sector, also known as the industry sector; and last but not least, the tertiary sector, alias the services sector, which includes services and intangible goods, like tourism, financial services, or telecommunications. Today, most developed countries have a well-established services sector that contributes the lion’s share to their GDP. On the other hand, economies that still need support and are still developing typically rely on agriculture to fuel their economy. If they transition to a developed nation, it is usually because their economy is now able to focus on services as an economic driver. Pakistan’s economic driver Although Pakistan is not considered a fully developed nation yet, over half of its annual GDP is now generated by the services sector. However, the primary sector plays an important role for the country: It is still responsible for almost a quarter of GDP contribution, and it employs almost half of Pakistan’s workforce. Pakistan is rich in arable land, which explains why the majority of the Pakistani population lives in rural areas, producing and selling sugarcane, wheat, cotton, and rice, which are also exported to other countries.

The gross domestic product (GDP) in current prices in Pakistan increased by 37.1 billion U.S. dollars (+10.99 percent) in 2024. In total, the GDP amounted to 374.6 billion U.S. dollars in 2024. The gross domestic product at current prices is defined based upon the GDP in national currency converted to U.S. dollars using market exchange rates (yearly average). The GDP represents the total value of final goods and services produced during a year.Find more key insights for the gross domestic product (GDP) in current prices in countries like Bangladesh, India, and Sri Lanka.

Pakistan’s gross domestic product (GDP) growth was 5.77 percent in 2021 after adjusting for inflation.

GDP in developing nations

Gross domestic product measures value of all final goods and services produced within a country’s borders during a certain period of time. In developing countries, GDP should rise more quickly due to “catch-up growth”. In many developing nations, employment is shifted from agriculture to the services sector; simply shifting workers from one sector to more productive sectors increases the income of both the workers and their employers, increasing GDP. This raises GDP per capita (383750), which gives a general idea of the level of development.

International setting

Due to historic tensions, Pakistan neither imports nor exports a significant amount from its neighbor India, favoring China instead. Its other neighbors, Afghanistan and Iran, are not as economically stable at the moment. Pakistan's own GDP is also not in the best shape and is expected to drop during 2019, however, Pakistan stands to benefit from China’s Belt and Road Initiative, which would revive the trading routes that made Pakistan wealthy in past centuries. If this comes to fruition, the GDP for Pakistan is sure to increase.

Pakistan PK: Population: Total data was reported at 197,015,955.000 Person in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 193,203,476.000 Person for 2016. Pakistan PK: Population: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 103,031,662.500 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 197,015,955.000 Person in 2017 and a record low of 44,908,293.000 Person in 1960. Pakistan PK: Population: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.; ; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.; Sum; Relevance to gender indicator: disaggregating the population composition by gender will help a country in projecting its demand for social services on a gender basis.

Pakistan Post Offices: Annual: Total data was reported at 11,496.000 Unit in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11,744.000 Unit for 2016. Pakistan Post Offices: Annual: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 12,342.000 Unit from Jun 1991 (Median) to 2017, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13,419.000 Unit in 1996 and a record low of 11,496.000 Unit in 2017. Pakistan Post Offices: Annual: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.TB001: Telecommunication Statistics.

Pakistan PK: GDP: USD data was reported at 304.952 USD bn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 278.655 USD bn for 2016. Pakistan PK: GDP: USD data is updated yearly, averaging 39.242 USD bn from Jun 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 304.952 USD bn in 2017 and a record low of 3.707 USD bn in 1960. Pakistan PK: GDP: USD data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Gap-filled total;

In 2024, the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in Pakistan increased by 129.6 U.S. dollars (+8.89 percent) compared to 2023. In total, the GDP per capita amounted to 1,587.6 U.S. dollars in 2024. This indicator describes the gross domestic product per capita at current prices. Thereby the gross domestic product was first converted from national currency to U.S. dollars at current exchange prices and then divided by the total population. The gross domestic products is a measure of a country's productivity. It refers to the total value of goods and service produced during a given time period (here a year).Find more key insights for the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in countries like Bangladesh, Afghanistan, and India.

Abstract

This research was conducted in Pakistan between January 2006 and December 2007. Data from 935 manufacturing and service sector registered establishments was analyzed.

The objective of the survey is to obtain feedback from enterprises in client countries on the state of the private sector as well as to help in building a panel of enterprise data that will make it possible to track changes in the business environment over time, thus allowing, for example, impact assessments of reforms. Through interviews with firms in the manufacturing and services sectors, the survey assesses the constraints to private sector growth and creates statistically significant business environment indicators that are comparable across countries.

The survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. The questionnaire also assesses the survey respondents' opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance. The mode of data collection is face-to-face interviews.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

The primary sampling unit of the study is the establishment. An establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Establishments were selected using stratified random sampling design. The survey covered manufacturing and services sectors and generated a large enough sample size for selected industries to conduct statistically robust analyses. With level of precision at a minimum 7.5 percent for 90 percent confidence intervals about estimates of population proportions and mean of log sales at the national, provincial and industry level.

The sampling frame was drawn from the 2005 Economic Census of Pakistan, conducted by Pakistan's Federal Bureau of Statistics (FBS). As the target population was formal, urban manufacturing and services establishments with more than 5 full-time employees, the census identified 583,329 manufacturing firms and 1,566,722 establishments in Wholesale/Retail trade & Restaurants.

In accordance with the size and make up of the economy, the manufacturing sector was stratified into five 2-digit Pakistan Standard Industrial Classification (PSIC) sectors: (i) food processing, (ii) textiles, apparel & leather, (iii) chemicals and products, (iv) metal and electric machinery, and (v) sports goods and handicrafts with a residual stratum based on the 14 largest cities from the four provinces of the country. Services establishments engaged in wholesale & retail trade, hotels & restaurants were grouped to constitute an independent stratum for each provincial capital.

Within each industry, the total sample size was distributed to the provincial/city sub-strata based on proportional allocation in order to be representative of the nation, the industry groups and the urban areas of each of the four provinces. Given the domination of smaller firms in sample frame, a sampling approach which oversampled larger firms was employed to ensure a sufficient number of large enterprise which otherwise might be underrepresented.

The specific steps involved: (i) extracting from the frame and dividing into activity/industry groups with selection made in proportion to each group's contribution to total industrial employment, (ii) allocating the establishments selected in to each industry group across the provinces/cities selected using a proportional allocation, and (iii) selecting the establishments for each province/city sub-stratum with a probability of selection which is inversely proportional to size (i.e. larger firms will be selected with a higher probability). Due to the oversampling of larger firms, weights were computed so that inferences about the population could be extrapolated from the sample.

The Pakistan Enterprise Survey 2007 sample was also designed to include up to 600 firms from the original sample of Pakistan ICS 2002. Out of a total of 846 establishments surveyed in 2002 (panel firms with location and other identifiers). The remaining firms were kept as potential replacements in case of non-response by an establishment of similar characteristics in the original panel sample. In the end, 402 firms were interviewed out of 795 firms contacted.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The current survey instruments are available: - Pakistan 2007 Manufacturing Sector Questionnaire; - Pakistan 2007 Services Sector Questionnaire.

The survey is fielded via two instruments in order to not ask questions that are irrelevant to specific types of firms, e.g. a question that relates to production and nonproduction workers should not be asked of a retail firm.

The survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. Over 90% of the questions objectively ascertain characteristics of a country’s business environment. The remaining questions assess the survey respondents’ opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance.

Response rate

The field work involved a sample of almost 2700 firms with more than 2300 firms contacted in order to complete the survey of 1337 firms - 57 percent success rate. Of the 1000 non-successful contacts, about 45 percent were not located due to poor contact information and 25 percent refused to participate. Of the rest, 20 percent were closed and 10 percent were either non-responsive or produced non-usable data. For the non-panel sample, the response rate was slightly higher at 60 percent, but of the 612 nonresponding firms, 55 percent were not found due to insufficient contact information, 21 percent refused participation, 11 percent were non-usable and 13 percent were confirmed as closed.

Pakistan PK: Deposit Takers: Liquidity: Liquid Assets to Total Assets data was reported at 48.275 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 47.621 % for 2016. Pakistan PK: Deposit Takers: Liquidity: Liquid Assets to Total Assets data is updated yearly, averaging 40.801 % from Dec 2005 (Median) to 2017, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 48.275 % in 2017 and a record low of 26.077 % in 2008. Pakistan PK: Deposit Takers: Liquidity: Liquid Assets to Total Assets data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.IMF.FSI: Financial Soundness Indicators: Annual.

The share in the global GDP adjusted for PPP in Pakistan was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 0.04 percentage points. After the fourth consecutive increasing year, the share is estimated to reach 0.85 percent and therefore a new peak in 2029. Following the definitions provided by the International Monetary Fund, this indicator describes the share of a country's gross domestic product in the global gross domestic product. To this end the GDP (indicating the total value of final goods and services produced during a year) has been adjusted for purchasing power parity and set in relation to the purchasing power adjusted global GDP value.Find more key insights for the share in the global GDP adjusted for PPP in countries like Nepal, India, and Bangladesh.

In 2018, the estimated average inflation rate in Pakistan amounted to about 3.93 percent compared to the previous year, a slight drop from 2017, but an ever sharper one compared to four years earlier. Over the next few years, forecasts estimate it to level off at around 6.5 percent.

Pakistan‘s more or less fragile economy

Pakistan is one of the most populous countries in the worldwith a large Muslim population and a rather low urbanization rate, which means that the majority of Pakistanis live in rural areas. However, the majority of the country's GDP is generated by the services sector, which also employs most of the workforce. As of now, Pakistan’s economic growth seems stable, but that wasn’t always the case.

Stable growth ahead?

Like many others, Pakistan’s economy suffered during the 2009 financial crisis, and while it has recovered today, inflation was still over 10 percent in 2012. GDP slumped during that time as well, but now, ten years later, it has almost tripled and seems to be on an upward trend. Although its GDP generation now mainly relies on services, Pakistan still exports agricultural goods like cotton. However, the country still struggles with an increasing trade deficit and thus rising national debt – two factors that could hinder economic growth in the future.

In 2022, 36.43 percent of the workforce in Pakistan worked in the agricultural sector, about a quarter worked in industry, and 38.05 percent in the services sector. The primary sectorThe most common breakdown of a country’s economy is into three sectors; the primary sector, which includes agriculture, raw materials, fishing, and hunting, the secondary sector, which is also called the industrial sector and includes manufacturing, and the tertiary sector, which encompasses intangible goods and services, like financial services, tourism, or telecommunications. Usually, an advanced economy focuses on the services sector, while in a developing economy, the primary sector is still prevalent. In Pakistan, agriculture plays an important role in trade and production, and most Pakistanis are employed in the agricultural sector – however, the services sector generates the lion’s share of GDP Is Pakistan on the verge of being a developed country?Typically, a developed country shifts GDP generation and employment to intangible goods, which also often means that its citizens move to the city, away from rural areas. In Pakistan, urbanization progresses slowly, and most inhabitants live in rural areas. One reason for this is Pakistan’s vast arable land area, which allows for the production and export of raw materials. To be a developed country, Pakistan still needs to put in some work and improve the standard of living and infrastructure, among other factors.

Pakistan Foreign Investment: Total Investment: Bahrain data was reported at 14.099 USD mn in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of -16.525 USD mn for 2017. Pakistan Foreign Investment: Total Investment: Bahrain data is updated yearly, averaging 5.328 USD mn from Jun 2002 (Median) to 2018, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 43.537 USD mn in 2003 and a record low of -68.381 USD mn in 2010. Pakistan Foreign Investment: Total Investment: Bahrain data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by State Bank of Pakistan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.O002: Foreign Investment (Annual) .

Abstract

In 2011 the World Bank in collaboration with the Department for International Development (DFID) launched the follow-up survey to the standard World Bank Enterprise Survey (ES) aiming to improve the measurement of innovation in emerging economies and developing countries.

Researchers re-visited firms already interviewed during the ES to collect firms-level data on innovation and innovation-related activities, such as product innovation, process innovation, organizational innovation, and marketing innovation.

The objectives of the Innovation Follow-up Survey are: - To provide evidence on nature, role and determinants of innovation in emerging and developing countries; - To generate information that will be used to identify projects and develop policies to promote innovation; - To stimulate systematic policy dialogue on the importance of innovation as a driver of private sector development and economic growth at the global level.

The survey was administered to a subset of ES respondents randomly selected in order to have a final sample of 75% of the original ES; 696 successful interviews were performed. Business owners and top managers were interviewed from November 2013 through August 2014.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

The primary sampling unit of the study is an establishment. An establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll.

Universe

The whole population, or the universe, covered in the Enterprise Surveys is the non-agricultural private economy. It comprises: all manufacturing sectors according to the ISIC Revision 3.1 group classification (group D), construction sector (group F), services sector (groups G and H), and transport, storage, and communications sector (group I). Note that this population definition excludes the following sectors: financial intermediation (group J), real estate and renting activities (group K, except sub-sector 72, IT, which was added to the population under study), and all public or utilities sectors. Companies with 100% government ownership are not eligible to participate in the Enterprise Surveys.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Respondents were randomly selected from a list of establishments interviewed for Pakistan 2013 Enterprise Survey. The goal was to have a final sample of 75% of the original businesses.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

The total retail spending in Pakistan was forecasted at 210 billion U.S. dollars for 2018. This equals to about 1.7 thousand U.S. dollars per capita in the above-mentioned time period.

  economic factors on the retail market   

The total population of Pakistan is over 200 million and set to grow to 224 million by 2024. Over 60 percent of the Pakistani population is between the aged of 15 to 64 years, which is the prime age of consumer spending. At the same time, the inflation rate in Pakistan is currently at 4.15 percent, which is influencing its retail consumption. The average household income in Pakistan was just over 600 U.S. dollars per

  consumer spending   

The net trade in goods and services in Pakistan is in deficit of about 35 billion U.S. dollars or 2017.

The retail market volume growth for groceries, beverages and tobacco in Pakistan is predicted to grow by 0.9 percent between 2017 and 2018.

Total Impor dari USA Pakistan dilaporkan sebesar 185.170 USD mn pada 2024-12. Rekor ini naik dibanding sebelumnya yaitu 156.115 USD mn untuk 2024-11. Data Total Impor dari USA Pakistan diperbarui bulanan, dengan rata-rata 122.261 USD mn dari 2006-01 sampai 2024-12, dengan 228 observasi. Data ini mencapai angka tertinggi sebesar 337.964 USD mn pada 2022-06 dan rekor terendah sebesar 49.200 USD mn pada 2011-11. Data Total Impor dari USA Pakistan tetap berstatus aktif di CEIC dan dilaporkan oleh CEIC Data. Data dikategorikan dalam Global Economic Monitor World Trend Plus – Table: Total Imports from USA: USD: Monthly.

Pakistan Foreign Investment: Total Investment: Hong Kong data was reported at -182.886 USD mn in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of -245.796 USD mn for 2017. Pakistan Foreign Investment: Total Investment: Hong Kong data is updated yearly, averaging 10.385 USD mn from Jun 1985 (Median) to 2018, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 294.575 USD mn in 2014 and a record low of -245.796 USD mn in 2017. Pakistan Foreign Investment: Total Investment: Hong Kong data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by State Bank of Pakistan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.O002: Foreign Investment (Annual) .

The growth of the real gross domestic product (GDP) in Bangladesh was forecast to increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 1.1 percentage points. This overall increase does not happen continuously, notably not in 2027, 2028 and 2029. The growth is estimated to amount to 6.5 percent in 2029. Following the definition of the International Monetary Fund, this indicator refers to the annual change in the gross domestic product at constant prices, expressed in national currency units. Here the gross domestic product represents the total value of the final goods and services produced during a year.Find more key insights for the growth of the real gross domestic product (GDP) in countries like Bhutan, India, and Pakistan.

Pakistan PK: Educational Attainment: At Least Completed Lower Secondary: Population 25+ Years: Total: % Cumulative data was reported at 37.331 % in 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of 35.427 % for 2013. Pakistan PK: Educational Attainment: At Least Completed Lower Secondary: Population 25+ Years: Total: % Cumulative data is updated yearly, averaging 32.458 % from Dec 1972 (Median) to 2014, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 37.331 % in 2014 and a record low of 10.700 % in 1972. Pakistan PK: Educational Attainment: At Least Completed Lower Secondary: Population 25+ Years: Total: % Cumulative data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Education Statistics. The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed lower secondary education.; ; UNESCO Institute for Statistics; ;

The statistic shows the growth of the real gross domestic product (GDP) in India from 2019 to 2024, with projections up until 2029. GDP refers to the total market value of all goods and services that are produced within a country per year. It is an important indicator of the economic strength of a country. Real GDP is adjusted for price changes and is therefore regarded as a key indicator for economic growth. In 2024, India's real gross domestic product growth was at about 7.02 percent compared to the previous year. Gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate in India Recent years have witnessed a shift of economic power and attention to the strengthening economies of the BRIC countries: Brazil, Russia, India, and China. The growth rate of gross domestic product in the BRIC countries is overwhelmingly larger than in traditionally strong economies, such as the United States and Germany. While the United States can claim the title of the largest economy in the world by almost any measure, China nabs the second-largest share of global GDP, with India racing Japan for third-largest position. Despite the world-wide recession in 2008 and 2009, India still managed to record impressive GDP growth rates, especially when most of the world recorded negative growth in at least one of those years. Part of the reason for India’s success is the economic liberalization that started in 1991and encouraged trade subsequently ending some public monopolies. GDP growth has slowed in recent years, due in part to skyrocketing inflation. India’s workforce is expanding in the industry and services sectors, growing partially because of international outsourcing — a profitable venture for the Indian economy. The agriculture sector in India is still a global power, producing more wheat or tea than anyone in the world except for China. However, with the mechanization of a lot of processes and the rapidly growing population, India’s unemployment rate remains relatively high.