Pakistan PK: Total Natural Resources Rents: % of GDP data was reported at 1.209 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.243 % for 2015. Pakistan PK: Total Natural Resources Rents: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 1.110 % from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2016, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.017 % in 2006 and a record low of 0.177 % in 1971. Pakistan PK: Total Natural Resources Rents: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Total natural resources rents are the sum of oil rents, natural gas rents, coal rents (hard and soft), mineral rents, and forest rents.; ; World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in 'The Changing Wealth of Nations 2018: Building a Sustainable Future' (Lange et al 2018).; Weighted Average;

Pakistan PK: Surface Area data was reported at 796,100.000 sq km in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 796,100.000 sq km for 2016. Pakistan PK: Surface Area data is updated yearly, averaging 796,100.000 sq km from Dec 1961 (Median) to 2017, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 796,100.000 sq km in 2017 and a record low of 796,100.000 sq km in 2017. Pakistan PK: Surface Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Surface area is a country's total area, including areas under inland bodies of water and some coastal waterways.; ; Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.; Sum;

In 2016, there were approximately **** thousand millionaires in Pakistan. The number of individuals owning one million U.S. dollars or more in Pakistan is expected to rise to **** thousand by 2026. HNWI forecast in Pakistan Individuals with investible assets of at least one million U.S. dollars in current exchange rate terms are considered high net worth. The number of high-net-worth individuals in Pakistan is expected to rise overall between 2022 and 2028, settling at just under ***** thousand individuals. Countries with the highest millionaire rate In 2021, Switzerland had the highest rate of millionaires in the world, with **** percent of the adult population owning assets worth more than one million U.S. dollars. Luxembourg came in second, with **** percent of the population being millionaires, and Iceland came in third. Furthermore, over ** million people in the United States were among the world's top one percent of ultra-high net-worth individuals in 2021. China came second, with over **** million top one percent wealth holders worldwide.

Pakistan PK: Marine Protected Areas: % of Total Surface Area data was reported at 0.766 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.600 % for 2014. Pakistan PK: Marine Protected Areas: % of Total Surface Area data is updated yearly, averaging 1.900 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2016, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.600 % in 2014 and a record low of 0.766 % in 2016. Pakistan PK: Marine Protected Areas: % of Total Surface Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.; ; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, as compiled by the World Resources Institute, based on data from national authorities, national legislation and international agreements.; Weighted average;

The number of billionaires in Pakistan is forecast to reach **** in 2026. In 2016, there were just ***** individuals whose net worth exceeded *** billion U.S. dollars in Pakistan.

Leading billionaire cities

According to the Hurun Global Rich List 2022, Beijing had the most billionaires in 2022. In total, *** billionaires lived in China's capital. Furthermore, *** billionaires resided in Shanghai, while *** were in New York. Many of the world's billionaires are concentrated in a few megacities. A look at the primary industries of billionaires globally helps to explain the importance of traditional global business capitals such as New York, London, and Hong Kong. The inclusion of Chinese cities on the list can be explained partly by the country's industrial conglomerates' strong performance in recent years.

The effect of ******** on the wealth of billionaires

Elon Musk was the billionaire whose fortune grew the most due to the COVID-19 pandemic. From September 2019 to September 2022, Elon Musk increased his net worth by ***** billion US dollars. Google’s Larry Page added the second highest value to his net worth during the period under consideration, with an increase of **** billion dollars. In contrast, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg’s net worth decreased by nearly ** billion US dollars during the same time.

Pakistan PK: Agricultural Irrigated Land: % of Total Agricultural Land data was reported at 0.066 % in 2014. This records a decrease from the previous number of 51.842 % for 2011. Pakistan PK: Agricultural Irrigated Land: % of Total Agricultural Land data is updated yearly, averaging 52.410 % from Dec 2001 (Median) to 2014, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 56.921 % in 2010 and a record low of 0.066 % in 2014. Pakistan PK: Agricultural Irrigated Land: % of Total Agricultural Land data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Agricultural irrigated land refers to agricultural areas purposely provided with water, including land irrigated by controlled flooding.; ; Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.; Weighted average;

Pakistan PK: Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Land Area data was reported at 1.534 % in 2010. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.534 % for 2000. Pakistan PK: Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Land Area data is updated yearly, averaging 1.534 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.534 % in 2010 and a record low of 1.534 % in 2010. Pakistan PK: Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Land Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Land area below 5m is the percentage of total land where the elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Weighted Average;

Pakistan PK: Rural Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data was reported at 0.423 % in 2010. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.426 % for 2000. Pakistan PK: Rural Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data is updated yearly, averaging 0.426 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.427 % in 1990 and a record low of 0.423 % in 2010. Pakistan PK: Rural Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Rural population below 5m is the percentage of the total population, living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Weighted Average;

The total reserves in Pakistan stood at ************* U.S. dollars in 2024. Between 1960 and 2024, the total reserves rose by ************* U.S. dollars, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend.

Pakistan PK: Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data was reported at 1.065 % in 2010. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.058 % for 2000. Pakistan PK: Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data is updated yearly, averaging 1.058 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.065 % in 2010 and a record low of 1.052 % in 1990. Pakistan PK: Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters: % of Total Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Population below 5m is the percentage of the total population living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Weighted Average;

IntroductionMalnutrition among children is one of the major health challenges in Pakistan. The National Nutritional Survey 2018 revealed that 44% of children are stunted. Different circumstances surrounding a child’s birth can lead to inequality of opportunity in early childhood, with significant nutritional inequalities between rural and urban areas. This study aims to identify the drivers of inequality of opportunity in stunting among children under-five years of age in Pakistan.MethodsThis study used Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey, 2017–18 to identify the factors contributing to inequality of opportunity in child’s stunting. The Dissimilarity index (D-index), along with Oaxaca decomposition, and Shapely decomposition were employed to measure and decompose inequality in opportunity in stunting. Regional variations in stunting among children under various circumstances were analyzed using Geographic Information System or GIS.ResultsThe burden of stunting is exceptionally high in Pakistan, with the prevalence in rural areas significantly exceeding that in urban areas from 1990 to 2018. Shapley decomposition of the contributors to inequality in opportunity indicates that maternal education accounted for 24% of total inequality among rural children and 44% among urban children. Water and sanitation contributed 22% to overall inequality in rural areas but only 2% in urban areas, highlighting the critical role of inadequate water and sanitation in rural settings. The wealth index was a predominant contributor to inequality both nationally and in urban areas. Southern regions exhibit a higher prevalence of stunting and a greater proportion of households lacking adequate water and sanitation. Additionally, the concentration of uneducated mothers and stunted children is notably high in Balochistan and Sindh.ConclusionsThe lack of maternal education, inadequate access to water and sanitation services, and lower socio-economic status are key factors contributing to inequality of opportunity in stunting among children under five in Pakistan. Understanding the critical role of these circumstances can help policymakers address the situation and implement concrete steps to enhance equal opportunities for child health.

Pakistan PK: Terrestrial Protected Areas: % of Total Land Area data was reported at 12.310 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 10.780 % for 2014. Pakistan PK: Terrestrial Protected Areas: % of Total Land Area data is updated yearly, averaging 10.480 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2016, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.310 % in 2016 and a record low of 10.140 % in 1990. Pakistan PK: Terrestrial Protected Areas: % of Total Land Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Terrestrial protected areas are totally or partially protected areas of at least 1,000 hectares that are designated by national authorities as scientific reserves with limited public access, national parks, natural monuments, nature reserves or wildlife sanctuaries, protected landscapes, and areas managed mainly for sustainable use. Marine areas, unclassified areas, littoral (intertidal) areas, and sites protected under local or provincial law are excluded.; ; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, as compiled by the World Resources Institute, based on data from national authorities, national legislation and international agreements.; Weighted average;

Pakistan PK: Oil Rents: % of GDP data was reported at 0.433 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.408 % for 2015. Pakistan PK: Oil Rents: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.504 % from Dec 1971 (Median) to 2016, with 46 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.108 % in 1990 and a record low of 0.001 % in 1973. Pakistan PK: Oil Rents: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Oil rents are the difference between the value of crude oil production at regional prices and total costs of production.; ; World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in 'The Changing Wealth of Nations 2018: Building a Sustainable Future' (Lange et al 2018).; Weighted Average;

Pakistan PK: Urban Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 meters: % of Total Population data was reported at 0.642 % in 2010. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.632 % for 2000. Pakistan PK: Urban Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 meters: % of Total Population data is updated yearly, averaging 0.632 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.642 % in 2010 and a record low of 0.624 % in 1990. Pakistan PK: Urban Population Living in Areas Where Elevation is Below 5 meters: % of Total Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank.WDI: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Urban population below 5m is the percentage of the total population, living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Weighted average;

Pakistan PK: Terrestrial & Marine Protected Areas: % of Total Territorial Area data was reported at 9.795 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 8.600 % for 2014. Pakistan PK: Terrestrial & Marine Protected Areas: % of Total Territorial Area data is updated yearly, averaging 8.310 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2016, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9.795 % in 2016 and a record low of 7.990 % in 1990. Pakistan PK: Terrestrial & Marine Protected Areas: % of Total Territorial Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Terrestrial protected areas are totally or partially protected areas of at least 1,000 hectares that are designated by national authorities as scientific reserves with limited public access, national parks, natural monuments, nature reserves or wildlife sanctuaries, protected landscapes, and areas managed mainly for sustainable use. Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment. Sites protected under local or provincial law are excluded.; ; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, as compiled by the World Resources Institute, based on data from national authorities, national legislation and international agreements.; Weighted Average;

Pakistan PK: Mineral Rents: % of GDP data was reported at 0.017 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.023 % for 2015. Pakistan PK: Mineral Rents: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 % from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2016, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.104 % in 2010 and a record low of 0.000 % in 1994. Pakistan PK: Mineral Rents: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank.WDI: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Mineral rents are the difference between the value of production for a stock of minerals at world prices and their total costs of production. Minerals included in the calculation are tin, gold, lead, zinc, iron, copper, nickel, silver, bauxite, and phosphate.; ; World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in 'The Changing Wealth of Nations 2018: Building a Sustainable Future' (Lange et al 2018).; Weighted average;

Pakistan PK: Urban Land Area data was reported at 35,871.941 sq km in 2010. This stayed constant from the previous number of 35,871.941 sq km for 2000. Pakistan PK: Urban Land Area data is updated yearly, averaging 35,871.941 sq km from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 35,871.941 sq km in 2010 and a record low of 35,871.941 sq km in 2010. Pakistan PK: Urban Land Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Urban land area in square kilometers, based on a combination of population counts (persons), settlement points, and the presence of Nighttime Lights. Areas are defined as urban where contiguous lighted cells from the Nighttime Lights or approximated urban extents based on buffered settlement points for which the total population is greater than 5,000 persons.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Sum;

Pakistan PK: Rural Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters data was reported at 11,939.468 sq km in 2010. This stayed constant from the previous number of 11,939.468 sq km for 2000. Pakistan PK: Rural Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters data is updated yearly, averaging 11,939.468 sq km from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11,939.468 sq km in 2010 and a record low of 11,939.468 sq km in 2010. Pakistan PK: Rural Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Rural land area below 5m is the total rural land area in square kilometers where the elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Sum;

Pakistan PK: Coal Rents: % of GDP data was reported at 0.036 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.031 % for 2015. Pakistan PK: Coal Rents: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.063 % from Dec 1971 (Median) to 2016, with 46 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.153 % in 2008 and a record low of 0.026 % in 1971. Pakistan PK: Coal Rents: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Coal rents are the difference between the value of both hard and soft coal production at world prices and their total costs of production.; ; World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in 'The Changing Wealth of Nations 2018: Building a Sustainable Future' (Lange et al 2018).; Weighted average;

Pakistan PK: Urban Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters data was reported at 142.152 sq km in 2010. This stayed constant from the previous number of 142.152 sq km for 2000. Pakistan PK: Urban Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters data is updated yearly, averaging 142.152 sq km from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2010, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 142.152 sq km in 2010 and a record low of 142.152 sq km in 2010. Pakistan PK: Urban Land Area Where Elevation is Below 5 Meters data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Pakistan – Table PK.World Bank: Land Use, Protected Areas and National Wealth. Urban land area below 5m is the total urban land area in square kilometers where the elevation is 5 meters or less.; ; Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.; Sum;