Palladium rose to 1,428.50 USD/t.oz on December 2, 2025, up 0.53% from the previous day. Over the past month, Palladium's price has fallen 1.11%, but it is still 47.88% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Palladium - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

As of 2024, the average closing price of palladium was *** U.S. dollars per troy ounce. Furthermore, palladium prices had an average price of just *** U.S. dollars per troy ounce based on the first three months of 2025. Palladium is a precious metal commodity that is used in jewelry and automotive manufacturing.

Context

Palladium is a lustrous, silver-white metal and a key member of the platinum group metals (PGMs). Its primary industrial use is as a critical component in catalytic converters for gasoline-powered vehicles, making its price highly sensitive to the health of the global automotive industry and tightening emissions standards.

Due to its significant industrial role and status as a precious metal, palladium's price behavior offers unique insights for market analysis. Access to clean, reliable, and long-term historical data is essential for analysts and investors looking to model its trends. This dataset provides a comprehensive and daily-updated record of palladium prices, specifically sourced from the Palladium Futures (PA=F) market.

Content

This dataset contains daily price information for Palladium Futures (PA=F) in a clean, tabular format. Each row represents a single trading day and includes the following columns:

Date: The date of the trading session (YYYY-MM-DD).

Open: The price at which palladium first traded for the day in USD.

High: The highest price reached during the trading day in USD.

Low: The lowest price reached during the trading day in USD.

Close: The closing price at the end of the trading day in USD.

Volume: The total number of futures contracts traded during the day.

Current spot price plus 1-month and 1-year forecasts for Palladium (LBMA) as published on ChAI Predict.

Rhodium rose to 8,050 USD/t oz. on December 2, 2025, up 0.94% from the previous day. Over the past month, Rhodium's price has fallen 1.23%, but it is still 75.96% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Rhodium - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Rhodium price data, historical values, forecasts, and news provided by Money Metals Exchange. Rhodium prices and trends updated regularly to provide accurate market insights.

Rhodium is a precious metal that removes pollutants from vehicle exhaust fumes. In February 2020, the price of rhodium was 11,665 U.S. dollars per troy ounce. By May 2020, the price decreased to below 8,000 U.S. dollars per ounce. In April 2021, the price rose to a new high of 28,775 U.S dollars, before decreasing throughout 2022 and early 2023. By December 2024, the average price significantly decreased, reaching around 4,575 U.S. dollars per troy ounce. In comparison, the price for an ounce of rhodium was approximately 5,905 U.S. dollars in August 2022. The rarest metal: Rhodium Rhodium is a rare and precious metal that belongs to the platinum group metals (PGMs), along with platinum, palladium, osmium, iridium, and ruthenium. Due to its scarcity, it is one of the most valuable metals in the world, often exceeding the price of gold. Rhodium is extensively used in the automotive industry to manufacture catalytic converters that reduce harmful emissions. Over the last few years, even with a steady supply, Rhodium demand has risen significantly, exceeding supply due to stricter emission regulations and advancements in the automobile industry. The significance of PGMs in South Africa South Africa is rich in various natural resources, such as metals and minerals. For example, almost all of the total global reserves of PGMs are in South Africa. In 2023, PGMs generated the highest revenue share in the South African mining sector compared to other commodities, amounting to 370 billion rands.

Historical commodity (daily) price from 2000-2022 (March). 1. Gold 2. Palladium 3. Nickel 4. Brent Oil 5. Natural Gas 6. Wheat

• cover image credit: https://www.pexels.com/photo/industrial-machine-during-golden-hour-162568/

This dataset offers detailed, up-to-date information on precious metals futures. Futures are financial contracts obligating the buyer to purchase, and the seller to sell, a particular precious metal (such as gold, silver, platinum, etc.) at a predetermined future date and price.

Use Cases: 1. Trend Analysis: Examine patterns and price movements to predict future market behaviors. 2. Academic Research: Study the historical behavior and impact of global events on metal prices. 3. Trading Strategies: Design and validate trading techniques based on precious metals futures. 4. Risk Management: Use the data for hedging decisions and risk management for businesses involved in mining or trading precious metals.

Credits Dataset Image: Photo by Zlaťáky.cz: https://www.pexels.com/photo/close-up-shot-of-gold-bars-and-coins-8442334/

Column Descriptions: 1. Date: The date the data was recorded. Format YYYY-MM-DD. 2. Open: Market opening price. 3. High: Highest price during the trading day. 4. Low: Lowest price during the trading day. 5. Close: Market closing price. 6. Volume: Number of contracts traded during the day. 7. Ticker: Market quotation symbol for the future. 8. Commodity: Name of the precious metal the future refers to.

Stay informed with real-time charts of international precious metal prices. Monitor spot prices for Platinum in USD, GBP, and EUR. Access live updates here >>

EGPB - An Event-based Gold Price Benchmark Dataset

This benchmark dataset consists of 8030 rows and 36 variables sourced from multiple credible economic websites, covering a period from January 2001 to December 2022. This dataset can be utilized to predict gold prices specifically or to aid any economic field that is influenced by the variables in this dataset.

Key variables & Features include:

• Previous gold prices

• Future gold prices with predictions for one day, one week, and one month

• Oil prices

• Standard & Poor's 500 Index (S&P 500)

• Dow Jones Industrial (DJI)

• US dollar index

• US treasury

• Inflation rate

• Consumer price index (CPI)

• Federal funds rate

• Silver prices

• Copper prices

• Iron prices

• Platinum prices

• Palladium prices

Additionally, the dataset considers global events that may impact gold prices, which were categorized into groups and collected from three distinct sources: the Al-Jazeera website spanning from 2022 to 2019, the Investing website spanning from 2018 to 2016, and the Yahoo Finance website spanning from 2007 to 2001.

These events data were then divided into multiple groups:

• Economic data

• Politics

• logistics

• Oil

• OPEC

• Dollar currency

• Sterling pound currency

• Russian ruble currency

• Yen currency

• Euro currency

• US stocks

• Global stocks

• Inflation

• Job reports

• Unemployment rates

• CPI rate

• Interest rates

• Bonds

These events were encoded using a numeric value, where 0 represented no events, 1 represented low events, 2 represented high events, 3 represented stable events, 4 represented unstable events, and 5 represented events that were observed during the day but had no effect on the dataset.

Cite this dataset: Farah Mansour and Wael Etaiwi, "EGPBD: An Event-based Gold Price Benchmark Dataset," 2023 3rd International Conference on Electrical, Computer, Communications and Mechatronics Engineering (ICECCME), Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, 2023, pp. 1-7, doi: 10.1109/ICECCME57830.2023.10252987.

@INPROCEEDINGS{10252987, author={Mansour, Farah and Etaiwi, Wael}, booktitle={2023 3rd International Conference on Electrical, Computer, Communications and Mechatronics Engineering (ICECCME)}, title={EGPBD: An Event-based Gold Price Benchmark Dataset}, year={2023}, volume={}, number={}, pages={1-7}, doi={10.1109/ICECCME57830.2023.10252987}}

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Automotive Catalyst Market Size 2024-2028

The automotive catalyst market size is forecast to increase by USD 2.18 billion at a CAGR of 2.9% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is driven by several key factors, including the increasing production of vehicles and the growing emphasis on reducing pollutants. Automotive catalysts play a crucial role in minimizing the emission of ground-level ozone, hydrocarbons, carbon oxides, and nitrogen oxides from vehicles. As environmental regulations become more stringent, the demand for less toxic gases in automotive exhaust is increasing. Moreover, the recycling of automotive catalysts is gaining popularity due to its environmental benefits and cost savings.
The shift towards hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles is also impacting the market, as these vehicles may not require traditional catalytic converters. However, the market is also facing challenges such as the fluctuation in raw material prices, which can impact the profitability of catalyst manufacturers. Overall, the market is expected to witness steady growth due to the increasing focus on reducing emissions and improving air quality.

What will be the Automotive Catalyst Market Size During the Forecast Period?

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How is this market segmented and which is the largest segment?

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Application

  Light-duty vehicle
  Heavy-duty vehicle


Product

  Palladium
  Platinum
  Rhodium
  Ruthenium and others


Geography

  APAC

    China
    Japan


  Europe

    Germany


  North America

    Canada
    US


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Application Insights

The light-duty vehicle segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. The automotive industry's focus on emission control and fuel efficiency has led to significant growth in The market, particularly for light-duty vehicles such as passenger cars. In 2023, this segment accounted for a substantial market share. With the increasing universalization of regulations, including the Clean Air Act in the US, the demand for advanced emission control technologies has risen. Initially, simple catalysts made of platinum were used to convert carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbons.

However, the introduction of more stringent emission standards, including limits on oxides of nitrogen, necessitated the development of three-way catalysts. These catalysts, which contain platinum, palladium, and rhodium, can effectively reduce all three major pollutants: carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides. Due to the rising cost of platinum, manufacturers have turned to palladium as a cost-effective alternative. The geopolitical unrest in various regions may impact the supply and pricing of these precious metals, making it essential for manufacturers to stay updated on market trends and raw material prices to maintain competitiveness.

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The light-duty vehicle segment was valued at USD 9.87 billion in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Will APAC become the largest contributor to the Automotive Catalyst Market?

APAC is estimated to contribute 55% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period. Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period.

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As per automotive catalyst market analysis, the automotive catalyst market in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region holds a substantial share, driven by the expanding automotive industry and a growing emphasis on reducing vehicle emissions. China plays a pivotal role in this market due to its large population and the rising demand for automobiles. This demand has spurred increased production and usage of catalytic converters in both light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles, with noble metals such as palladium, rhodium, and platinum serving as key components.

China's highly competitive automotive industry presents a dual landscape of opportunities and challenges for companies. On one hand, the push for vehicles with lower emissions fuels demand, while on the other, companies must continuously innovate and optimize costs to stay ahead in the market.

Our analysis, based on 2023 as the benchmark year, identifies critical drivers, emerging trends, and challenges. This comprehensive evaluation offers valuable insights for companies aiming to refine their strategies and secure a competitive edge.

Market Dynamics

The automotive catalyst market growth plays a crucial role in the transportation se

Context

Historically, gold had been used as a form of currency in various parts of the world including the USA. In present times, precious metals like gold are held with central banks of all countries to guarantee re-payment of foreign debts, and also to control inflation which results in reflecting the financial strength of the country. Recently, emerging world economies, such as China, Russia, and India have been big buyers of gold, whereas the USA, SoUSA, South Africa, and Australia are among the big seller of gold.

Forecasting rise and fall in the daily gold rates can help investors to decide when to buy (or sell) the commodity. But Gold prices are dependent on many factors such as prices of other precious metals, prices of crude oil, stock exchange performance, Bonds prices, currency exchange rates, etc.

The challenge of this project is to accurately predict the future adjusted closing price of Gold ETF across a given period of time in the future. The problem is a regression problem, because the output value which is the adjusted closing price in this project is continuous value.

Content

Data for this study is collected from November 18th 2011 to January 1st 2019 from various sources. The data has 1718 rows in total and 80 columns in total. Data for attributes, such as Oil Price, Standard and Poor’s (S&P) 500 index, Dow Jones Index US Bond rates (10 years), Euro USD exchange rates, prices of precious metals Silver and Platinum and other metals such as Palladium and Rhodium, prices of US Dollar Index, Eldorado Gold Corporation and Gold Miners ETF were gathered.

The dataset has 1718 rows in total and 80 columns in total. Data for attributes, such as Oil Price, Standard and Poor’s (S&P) 500 index, Dow Jones Index US Bond rates (10 years), Euro USD exchange rates, prices of precious metals Silver and Platinum and other metals such as Palladium and Rhodium, prices of US Dollar Index, Eldorado Gold Corporation and Gold Miners ETF were gathered.

The historical data of Gold ETF fetched from Yahoo finance has 7 columns, Date, Open, High, Low, Close, Adjusted Close, and Volume, the difference between Adjusted Close and Close is that the closing price of a stock is the price of that stock at the close of the trading day. Whereas the adjusted closing price takes into account factors such as dividends, stock splits, and new stock offerings to determine a value. So, Adjusted Close is the outcome variable which is the value you have to predict.

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Acknowledgements

The data is collected from Yahoo finance.

Inspiration

Can you predict Gold prices accurately using traditional machine learning algorithms

Indonesia Export: Value: Palladium in Semi-Manufactured Forms data was reported at 0.079 USD mn in Oct 2019. Indonesia Export: Value: Palladium in Semi-Manufactured Forms data is updated monthly, averaging 0.079 USD mn from Oct 2019 (Median) to Oct 2019, with 1 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.079 USD mn in Oct 2019 and a record low of 0.079 USD mn in Oct 2019. Indonesia Export: Value: Palladium in Semi-Manufactured Forms data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Indonesia. The data is categorized under Indonesia Premium Database’s Foreign Trade – Table ID.JAH071: Foreign Trade: by HS 8 Digits: Export: HS71: Natural, Cultured Pearls, Precious, Semi-Precious Stones, Precious Metals, Metals Clad with Precious Metal, and Articles Thereof, Imitatio.

Indonesia Export: Value: Palladium, Unwrought or in Powder Form; Other than in Lumps, Ingots, Cast Bars or in Powder Form data was reported at 0.069 USD mn in Mar 2021. Indonesia Export: Value: Palladium, Unwrought or in Powder Form; Other than in Lumps, Ingots, Cast Bars or in Powder Form data is updated monthly, averaging 0.069 USD mn from Mar 2021 (Median) to Mar 2021, with 1 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.069 USD mn in Mar 2021 and a record low of 0.069 USD mn in Mar 2021. Indonesia Export: Value: Palladium, Unwrought or in Powder Form; Other than in Lumps, Ingots, Cast Bars or in Powder Form data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Indonesia. The data is categorized under Indonesia Premium Database’s Foreign Trade – Table ID.JAH071: Foreign Trade: by HS 8 Digits: Export: HS71: Natural, Cultured Pearls, Precious, Semi-Precious Stones, Precious Metals, Metals Clad with Precious Metal, and Articles Thereof, Imitatio.

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Precious Metals Market Size 2025-2029

The precious metals market size is forecast to increase by US $105.3 billion, at a CAGR of 6.4% between 2024 and 2029.

Precious metals, including gold, silver, platinum, and palladium, have long been recognized as valuable assets in times of economic instability. Their inherent scarcity and durability make them an attractive investment for businesses and individuals seeking to hedge against inflation and market volatility. The market is a dynamic and evolving entity, influenced by various factors. One significant trend is the growing focus on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues. This concern extends to the mining and extraction processes of these metals, leading to increased scrutiny and regulatory oversight. Gold, the most commonly held precious metal, experienced a 23.3% increase in demand from institutional investors in 2020.
This surge can be attributed to a multitude of factors, including geopolitical tensions, currency devaluation, and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Silver, another popular precious metal, is used extensively in industrial applications, particularly in electronics and solar panels. Its demand is influenced by technological advancements and economic conditions. Platinum and palladium, primarily used in the automotive industry for catalytic converters, face demand fluctuations based on the health of the global automotive sector. The market is subject to continuous unfolding activities, with trends and patterns evolving in response to economic, technological, and regulatory developments. As a professional, it is crucial to stay informed and adapt to these changes to make informed decisions.

Major Market Trends & Insights

APAC dominated the market and accounted for a 44% growth during the forecast period.
The market is expected to grow significantly in the US as well over the forecast period.
By the Type, the Gold sub-segment was valued at US $94.40 billion in 2023
By the Application, the Industrial sub-segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Future Opportunities: US $105.3 billion 
CAGR : 6.4%
APAC: Largest market in 2023

What will be the Size of the Precious Metals Market during the forecast period?

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Precious metals, including platinum and gold, continue to hold significant value in various industries due to their unique properties. Current market performance is marked by a steady increase in demand, with approximately 25% of global production being utilized for industrial applications. Looking ahead, future growth expectations indicate a potential 18% expansion in the market's size. A comparison of key numerical data highlights the significance of these metals. For instance, platinum's high melting point and excellent electrical conductivity make it an essential component in catalytic converters, accounting for around 40% of its total demand. In contrast, gold, with its malleability and resistance to corrosion, is widely used in jewelry and electronics, contributing to a global market value of around 1.7 trillion USD.
These metals' diverse applications and inherent value make them a vital component of numerous industries, with ongoing research and development efforts focusing on refining techniques, metallurgical engineering, and recycling processes to optimize their use and maximize their value.
The Precious Metals Market is driven by advancements in metal refining techniques and sustainable practices like precious metal recycling and precious metal waste management. Innovations such as metallographic analysis enhance quality control in producing high-purity metals, while industries leverage precious metal composites and precious metal coatings for durability and performance. Applications range from precious metal catalysts in chemical processes to gold nanoparticle synthesis in biomedical research. Manufacturing relies on precious metal forming techniques, including precious metal electroforming, alongside advanced metal finishing processes and metal surface treatments. Demand for precious metal concentrates, precious metal compounds, and precious metal salts continues to grow, while precious metal scrap recovery supports sustainability. Specialized uses such as platinum electrode fabrication and silver halide photography highlight the expanding role of precious metals across industries.

How is this Precious Metals Industry segmented?

The precious metals industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Gold
  Silver
  Platinum


Application

  Industrial
  Jewelry
  Investment


End-use Industry

  Jewelry Manufacturing
  Automotive (Catal

Global wheat prices increased by over ** percent over the period from February 24 to June 1, 2022, compared to the average in January 2022. The growth was explained by the Russia-Ukraine war, as Russia and Ukraine were among the leading wheat exporters. Furthermore, coal prices grew by around ** percent. A significant increase was also recorded in the prices of metals exported by Russia, such as nickel, palladium, and aluminum.

Catalytic Converter Recycling Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global catalytic converter recycling market size reached USD 10.6 billion in 2024 and is expected to grow at a robust CAGR of 7.2% from 2025 to 2033. By the end of 2033, the market is forecasted to achieve a value of approximately USD 20.1 billion. This remarkable growth is driven by a combination of stringent environmental regulations, escalating demand for precious metals, and the rising volume of end-of-life vehicles worldwide.

One of the primary growth factors for the catalytic converter recycling market is the increasing global emphasis on sustainable resource management and environmental stewardship. Governments and regulatory bodies across major economies are implementing stricter emission standards, which not only boost the demand for catalytic converters but also create a significant need for responsible recycling at the end of their lifecycle. The recovery of valuable materials like platinum, palladium, and rhodium from spent catalytic converters is pivotal in reducing the environmental impact associated with mining these scarce metals. Additionally, the recycling process helps lower the carbon footprint of the automotive industry by promoting the reuse of critical raw materials, aligning with the global push toward a circular economy.

The surging prices of precious metals such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium serve as another vital catalyst for market expansion. As these metals are essential components in catalytic converters and their natural reserves are limited, the economic incentive for recycling has grown substantially. The volatility in precious metal prices further encourages stakeholders to invest in advanced recycling technologies to maximize recovery rates and profitability. This trend is particularly evident in regions with a high concentration of automotive manufacturing and a well-established recycling infrastructure, where both economic and environmental benefits are realized through efficient catalytic converter recycling operations.

Technological advancements in recycling processes have also played a significant role in shaping the growth trajectory of the catalytic converter recycling market. Innovations in both physical and chemical recycling methods have enabled higher extraction efficiencies, reduced operational costs, and minimized environmental hazards associated with traditional recycling practices. The adoption of automated sorting, advanced material separation, and eco-friendly chemical treatments has not only improved the quality and quantity of recovered metals but also attracted investments from both established players and new entrants. This technological evolution is expected to further accelerate market growth over the forecast period, making catalytic converter recycling an increasingly attractive and sustainable business proposition.

From a regional perspective, Europe continues to dominate the catalytic converter recycling market, followed closely by North America and Asia Pacific. Europe’s leadership is underpinned by its mature automotive sector, stringent environmental regulations, and well-developed recycling infrastructure. North America benefits from high vehicle ownership rates and a growing focus on sustainable automotive practices, while Asia Pacific is emerging as a high-growth region due to rapid industrialization, expanding automotive production, and rising environmental awareness. The interplay of these regional dynamics is expected to shape the competitive landscape and growth opportunities in the global catalytic converter recycling market over the coming years.

Material Type Analysis

The catalytic converter recycling market is fundamentally driven by the recovery of precious metals, with platinum, palladium, and rhodium representing the most valuable material segments. Platinum remains the largest segment due to its extensive use in diesel engine catalytic converters and its high market value. The efficient recovery of platinum from spent converters is not only economically lucrative but also essential for meeting the increasing demand in both automotive and non-automotive applications. Technological improvements in material separation and refining processes have significantly enhanced the yield of platinum, making its recycling a cornerstone of the market.

Palladium has witnessed a surge in demand over recent years

Permutable AI’s Copper Intelligence dataset delivers structured analytics on global copper markets, tracking mine production, industrial demand, and trade flows. By processing global news, the system highlights supply disruptions, such as Chilean mine strikes, and demand-side drivers tied to infrastructure and energy transition. Advanced story signal detection captures new developments, sentiment shifts, and persistent narratives affecting copper prices. Historical datasets and millisecond-latency API access make this dataset essential for traders and analysts monitoring one of the most critical industrial metals.

The systematic design of molecular electrocatalysts for electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is an avenue that is still relatively unexplored. Palladium (Pd)-based molecular electrocatalysts were constructed from N-heterocyclic carbene functionalized with 1-allyl-1,2,4-triazole and coumarins. The role of coumarin substitutions on the activity of the electrocatalysts for HER in an acidic medium was assessed. The Pd complex bearing 7,8-benzocoumarin substitutions was found to exhibit the best activity with overpotential of −570 mV to attain a current density of 10 mA cm–2 with a Tafel slope value of 187 mV dec–1. The HER activity of the Pd complexes were improved by incorporating with conductive carbon with the best electrode exhibiting an improved overpotential of −468 mV and Tafel slope value of 161 mV dec–1. The developed electrocatalyst demonstrated exceptional stability for up to 12 h, with minimal efficiency decline, as evidenced by post-stability linear sweep analysis. Additionally, the post-HER analysis indicates the structural and molecular integrity of the electrocatalysts, reaffirming their prospects as models for designing electrocatalysts. Hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) studies were conducted by using a rotating ring disk electrode setup. The concurrent current responses of the disk and ring electrodes confirmed the HER activity of the prepared electrocatalysts.