The cadastral maps of the Achladi settlement of the Municipality of Mantoudi - Limni - Ag. Annas as they were created in the year 1950.

1669768 Global export shipment records of Pear with prices, volume & current Buyer's suppliers relationships based on actual Global export trade database.

2771 Global import shipment records of Pear Halves with prices, volume & current Buyer's suppliers relationships based on actual Global export trade database.

52 Active Global Pear buyers list and Global Pear importers directory compiled from actual Global import shipments of Pear.

Efficient and precise thinning during the orchard blossom period is a crucial factor in enhancing both fruit yield and quality. The accurate recognition of inflorescence is the cornerstone of intelligent blossom equipment. To advance the process of intelligent blossom thinning, this paper addresses the issue of suboptimal performance of current inflorescence recognition algorithms in detecting dense inflorescence at a long distance. It introduces an inflorescence recognition algorithm, YOLOv7-E, based on the YOLOv7 neural network model. YOLOv7 incorporates an efficient multi-scale attention mechanism (EMA) to enable cross-channel feature interaction through parallel processing strategies, thereby maximizing the retention of pixel-level features and positional information on the feature maps. Additionally, the SPPCSPC module is optimized to preserve target area features as much as possible under different receptive fields, and the Soft-NMS algorithm is employed to reduce the likelihood of missing detections in overlapping regions. The model is trained on a diverse dataset collected from real-world field settings. Upon validation, the improved YOLOv7-E object detection algorithm achieves an average precision and recall of 91.4% and 89.8%, respectively, in inflorescence detection under various time periods, distances, and weather conditions. The detection time for a single image is 80.9 ms, and the model size is 37.6 Mb. In comparison to the original YOLOv7 algorithm, it boasts a 4.9% increase in detection accuracy and a 5.3% improvement in recall rate, with a mere 1.8% increase in model parameters. The YOLOv7-E object detection algorithm presented in this study enables precise inflorescence detection and localization across an entire tree at varying distances, offering robust technical support for differentiated and precise blossom thinning operations by thinning machinery in the future.

3339536 Global exporters importers export import shipment records of Pear with prices, volume & current Buyer's suppliers relationships based on actual Global export trade database.

Table S7. Information of 534 SSR primers, including information of the primer sequences, annealing temperature (Tm), repeat motifs, target size, linkage groups, and positions in genetic and physical maps of pear. (XLSX 72Â kb)

The number of days in the forecast period with a minimum temperature below the frost temperature, -30°C for woody crops over the dormant period (ifd_wood_dorm). Week 1 and week 2 forecasted index is available daily from November 1 to March 31. Week 3 and week 4 forecasted index is available weekly (Thursday) from November 1 to March 31. Over-wintering crops are biennial and perennial field crops such as herbaceous plants (strawberry, alfalfa, timothy, and many other forage crops) and woody fruit trees (apple, pear, peach, cherry, plum, apricot, chestnut, pecan, grape, etc.). These crops normally grow and develop in the growing season and become dormant in the non-growing season. However, extreme weather and climate events such as cold waves in the growing season and ice freezing events during the winter are a major constraint for their success of production and survival in Canada. The winter survival of these plants depends largely on agrometeorological conditions from late autumn to early spring, especially ice-freezing damage during the winter season. The optimum temperature for such crops is 25°C. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) and Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) have together developed a suite of extreme agrometeorological indices based on four main categories of weather factors: temperature, precipitation, heat, and wind. The extreme weather indices are intended as short-term prediction tools and generated using ECCC’s medium range forecasts to create a weekly index product on a daily basis.

3692 Global import shipment records of Fresh Pear with prices, volume & current Buyer's suppliers relationships based on actual Global export trade database.

Cerbat Foothills TrailDescription: The City of Kingman and Kingman Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management, with funding from the Trails Heritage Fund, have completed a trail system within the Cerbat Foothills Recreation Area (CFRA). The 11,300 acre CFRA is a mixture of Federal, State, County, City, and private lands. A management plan for the area was approved in 1995 by the City of Kingman and BLM. The plan sets a framework for long-term cooperative management of City and BLM controlled lands for recreational purposes. Human occupations in the CFRA date back at least 4,000 years. Late Archaic, Cerbat, Cohonina, and Hualapai people lived here. In 1871 the Army built a military post at Camp Beale Springs and established a temporary reservation for the Hualapai Tribe in this area. The CFRA provides habitat for mule deer, Sonoran desert tortoise, coyotes, foxes, Gambel’s quail, mourning dove, several types of raptors, and many smaller mammals, birds, and reptiles. The CFRA is in an area of Mohave Desert scrub/semi-desert grassland, with yucca, beavertail, prickly pear, creosote, and mesquite.Directions: To get to Badger Trailhead from Kingman, follow Highway 93 five miles north from city limits. The trailhead is located one-quarter mile noth of the Highway 68 intersection (the first right turn after the intersection).General Location: Kingman AreaTrail Distance:Camp Beale Loop - 3.26 milesBadger Trail - 3.20 milesCastle Rock Trail - 4.45 milesCook Canyon Trail - 8.10 miles Trail Type: Non-Motorized.Difficulty: Easy to Moderate.Trail Use Guidelines:Please stay on the designated trail.Keep to the right of the trail, save the left for passing.All downhill traffic yields to uphill traffic.Approach each turn as if someone were around the corner.Keep pets under control and/or on a leash when on the trail.Leave no trace.Plan ahead and prepare.Dispose of waste properly.Leave what you find.Respect wildlife.Be considerate of other visitors.

Fruit color is one of the most important external qualities of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) fruits. However, the mechanisms that control russet skin coloration in pear have not been well characterized. Here, we explored the molecular mechanisms that determine the russet skin trait in pear using the F1 population derived from a cross between russet skin (‘Niitaka’) and non-russet skin (‘Dangshansu’) cultivars. Pigment measurements indicated that the lignin content in the skin of the russet pear fruits was greater than that in the non-russet pear skin. Genetic analysis revealed that the phenotype of the russet skin pear is associated with an allele of the PpRus gene. Using bulked segregant analysis combined with the genome sequencing (BSA-seq), we identified two simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker loci linked with the russet-colored skin trait in pear. Linkage analysis showed that the PpRus locus maps to the scaffold NW_008988489.1: 53297-211921 on chromosome 8 in the pear genome. In the mapped region, the expression level of LOC103929640 was significantly increased in the russet skin pear and showed a correlation with the increase of lignin content during the ripening period. Genotyping results demonstrated that LOC103929640 encoding the transcription factor MYB36 is the causal gene for the russet skin trait in pear. Particularly, a W-box insertion at the PpMYB36 promoter of russet skin pears is essential for PpMYB36-mediated regulation of lignin accumulation and russet coloration in pear. Overall, these results show that PpMYB36 is involved in the regulation of russet skin trait in pear.

Additional file 2: Table S1: The isolated metabolites, proteins, genes, DNA methylation sites, and 24-nt siRNA clusters in pear fruit flesh at each stage. Table S2: The differential analysis of metabolites, proteins, genes, and DMRs between each pair of stages. Table S3: The differential accumulated metabolites during pear flesh development. Table S4: Identification of the proteins correlated with DAMs. Table S5: The transcriptome-sequenced reads and their mapping results in pear. Table S6 Identification of the genes correlated with DAMs.

5275 Global export shipment records of Fresh,pear with prices, volume & current Buyer's suppliers relationships based on actual Global export trade database.

Additional file 3: Table S7: A gene-metabolite database was constructed by integrative analysis of DAMs, DAP, and DEGs. Table S8: KEGG enrichments of the genes correlated with the corresponding compound. Table S9: The DNA methylation-sequenced reads and their mapping results in pear flesh. Table S10: Identification of the genes modified by DNA methylation in pear flesh.

Channel Migration study results for several river segments in Montana; Big Hole River, Clark Fork River, Flathead River, Prickly Pear-Tenmile Creeks, Ruby River and Yellowstone River

1344 Global export shipment records of Ya Pear with prices, volume & current Buyer's suppliers relationships based on actual Global export trade database.

Survey name: WHITCHURCH, N OF PEAR TREE LANE Post 1988 Agricultural Land Classification (ALC) site survey data – scanned original paper maps and survey reports for individual sites surveyed in detail between 1989 and 1999 by the Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food. Where Grade 3 is mapped this includes the subdivision of Grade 3 into subgrades 3a and 3b. Surveys use the current grading methodology as described in "Agricultural Land Classification of England and Wales," a link for which is provided with the data. Individual sites have been mapped at varying scales and level of detail from 1:5,000 to 1:50,000 (typically 1:10,000). Unedited sample point soils data and soil pit descriptions are also available for some surveys. Attribution statement: © Natural England copyright. Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right [year]. (Environment theme)

Runs of homozygosity (ROH) have been widely used to study population history and trait architecture in humans and livestock species, but their application in self-incompatible plants has not been reported. The distributions of ROH in 199 accessions representing Asian pears (45), European pears (109), and interspecific hybrids (45) were investigated using genotyping-by-sequencing in this study. Fruit phenotypes including fruit weight, firmness, Brix, titratable acidity, and flavor volatiles were measured for genotype-phenotype analyses. The average number of ROH and the average total genomic length of ROH were 6 and 11 Mb, respectively, in Asian accessions, and 13 and 30 Mb, respectively, in European accessions. Significant associations between genomic inbreeding coefficients (FROH) and phenotypes were observed for 23 out of 32 traits analyzed. An overlap between ROH islands and significant markers from genome-wide association analyses was observed. Previously published quantitative trait loci for fruit traits and disease resistances also overlapped with some of the ROH islands. A prominent ROH island at the bottom of linkage group 17 overlapped with a recombination-supressed genomic region harboring the self-incompatibility locus. The observed ROH patterns suggested that systematic breeding of European pears would have started earlier than of Asian pears. Our research suggest that FROH would serve as a novel tool for managing inbreeding in gene-banks of self-incompatible plant species. ROH mapping provides a complementary strategy to unravel the genetic architecture of complex traits, and to evaluate differential selection in outbred plants. This seminal work would provide foundation for the ROH research in self-incompatible plants.

384211 Global import shipment records of Pears with prices, volume & current Buyer's suppliers relationships based on actual Global export trade database.

Montana State University fruit research sites are located in 10 orchards across the state in the following vicinities: Bozeman, Colstrip, Columbia Falls, Helena, Hinsdale, Lodgepole, Power, Shelby, Whitehall, Winston. Species planted include apple, pear, plum, and sour cherry. This file contains maps and data for each orchard.