In the financial year 2023, electricity consumption per capita amounted to around **** megawatt-hours in India. Electricity access, ownership of appliances, and economic growth are some of the leading drivers for increasing electricity consumption in this south Asian country.

Iceland is by far the largest per capita consumer of electricity worldwide, averaging 51.9 megawatt-hours per person in 2024. This results from a combination of factors, such as low-cost electricity production, increased heating demand, and the presence of energy-intensive industries in the country. Norway, Qatar, and Canada were also some of the world's largest electricity consumers per capita that year. China is the leading overall power consumer Power-intensive industries, the purchasing power of the average citizen, household size, and general power efficiency standards all contribute to the amount of electricity that is consumed per person every year. However, in terms of total electricity consumption, a country's size and population can also play an important role. In 2024, the three most populous countries in the world, namely China, the United States, and India, were also the three largest electricity consumers. Global electricity consumption on the rise In 2023, net electricity consumption worldwide amounted to over 27,000 terawatt-hours, an increase of 30 percent in comparison to a decade earlier. When compared to 1980, global electricity consumption more than tripled. On the generation side, the world is still strongly dependent on fossil fuels. Despite the world's renewable energy capacity quintupling in the last decade, coal and gas combined still accounted for almost 60 percent of global electricity generation in 2023.

The household electricity consumption per capita in India amounted to ***** kilowatt hours in 2016. Of the total power consumption in fiscal year 2018, industrial sector accounted for the largest share, at about ** percent, followed by domestic and agricultural sectors at ** and ** percent respectively. The transmission losses in electricity across the south Asian country stood at a little over ** percent that year.

Context

India is the world's third-largest producer and third-largest consumer of electricity. The national electric grid in India has an installed capacity of 370.106 GW as of 31 March 2020. Renewable power plants, which also include large hydroelectric plants, constitute 35.86% of India's total installed capacity. During the 2018-19 fiscal year, the gross electricity generated by utilities in India was 1,372 TWh and the total electricity generation (utilities and non-utilities) in the country was 1,547 TWh. The gross electricity consumption in 2018-19 was 1,181 kWh per capita. In 2015-16, electric energy consumption in agriculture was recorded as being the highest (17.89%) worldwide. The per capita electricity consumption is low compared to most other countries despite India having a low electricity tariff.

In light of the recent COVID-19 situation, when everyone has been under lockdown for the months of April & May the impacts of the lockdown on economic activities have been faced by every sector in a positive or a negative way. With the electricity consumption being so crucial to the country, we came up with a plan to study the impact on energy consumption state and region wise.

The dataset is exhaustive in its demonstration of energy consumption state wise.

Content

Data is in the form of a time series for a period of 17 months beginning from 2nd Jan 2019 till 23rd May 2020. Rows are indexed with dates and columns represent states. Rows and columns put together, each datapoint reflects the power consumed in Mega Units (MU) by the given state (column) at the given date (row).

Acknowledgements

Power System Operation Corporation Limited (POSOCO) is a wholly-owned Government of India enterprise under the Ministry of Power. It was earlier a wholly-owned subsidiary of Power Grid Corporation of India Limited. It was formed in March 2009 to handle the power management functions of PGCIL.

The dataset has been scraped from the weekly energy reports of POSOCO.

Inspiration

Extensive research on power usage in the country is what inspired us to compile the dataset. We are making it public along with our research of the same. This is our first step towards independent data-based research. We are open to suggestions, compliments and criticism alike.

Do leave an upvote if you found the dataset helpful. It keeps me motivated to keep working hard :)

India is the third largest producer of electricity in the world. The national electric grid in India has an installed capacity of 399.467 GW as of 31 March 2022. Renewable power plants, which also include large hydroelectric plants, constitute 39.2 % of total installed capacity. During the fiscal year (FY) 2019-20, the gross electricity generated by utilities in India was 1,383.5 TWh and the total electricity generation (utilities and non utilities) in the country was 1,598 TWh.The gross electricity consumption in FY2019 was 1,208 kWh per capita.[7] In FY2015, electric energy consumption in agriculture was recorded as being the highest (17.89%) worldwide. The per capita electricity consumption is low compared to most other countries despite India having a low electricity tariff.

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*****************************RES means renewable energy***********************************

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Qatar has the highest per capita energy consumption worldwide. In 2024, residents in Qatar used an average of *** megawatt-hours worth of energy - all of which was derived from fossil fuels. Sources of primary energy In 2024, oil and coal were the main fuels used for primary energy worldwide. Except for the Nordic countries and Canada, all other countries listed among the leading 10 consumers sourced energy almost exclusively from fossil fuels. Many of them are also responsible for large oil production shares or the refining thereof. Differences in energy consumption There is a notable disparity between the highest and lowest energy users. Resource-rich countries outside the temperate climate zone tend to use more energy to heat or cool homes and are also more likely to use greater amounts of energy as costs are much lower. For example, electricity prices in oil and gas-producing countries such as Qatar and Saudi Arabia are only a fraction of those of resource-poor countries in Europe. Furthermore, energy consumption disparity is a strong indicator of the different income levels around the world and largely tied to economic prosperity.

China consumes by far the most electricity of any country in the world, with almost 9,000 terawatt-hours equivalent consumed in 2024. The United States ranked as the second-leading electricity consumer that year, with over 4,000 terawatt-hours consumed. India followed, but by a wide margin. Production and consumption disparities China not only leads countries in electricity consumption worldwide, it also dominates production, generating over 10 petawatt-hours annually. The United States follows with 4.6 petawatt-hours, significantly more than its consumption of 4,065 terawatt-hours. This disparity underscores the complex relationship between production and consumption, influenced by factors such as energy efficiency, export capabilities, and domestic demand. The global expansion of electricity networks, particularly in Central and Southern Asia, is driving increased production to meet growing access and demand. Shifting energy landscapes The United States, as the second-largest consumer, is experiencing a significant shift in its energy mix. Coal-based electricity has declined by nearly 65 percent since 2010, giving way to natural gas and renewable sources. This transition is evident in recent capacity additions, with renewable energy sources accounting for almost 90 percent of new electricity capacity in 2025. The surge in renewable generation, particularly wind power, is reshaping the U.S. energy landscape and influencing consumption patterns. As renewable energy consumption is projected to more than double by 2050, the electricity market is adapting to these changing dynamics.

The availability of power per capita is a key indicator of a nation's energy efficiency, development, and quality of life. It measures the average electricity available to each individual within a country over a specified period, typically expressed in kilowatt-hours (kWh). This metric reflects a country's ability to generate, distribute, and sustain energy resources for its population. Higher per capita power availability is often associated with robust infrastructure, industrial growth, and better access to basic amenities like healthcare, education, and communication. Conversely, low availability points to gaps in energy production or distribution, often resulting in energy poverty and slower socio-economic progress. Factors like population growth, advancements in renewable energy, and policies promoting efficient energy usage significantly influence this metric. Tracking per capita power availability is crucial for governments and policymakers to ensure sustainable energy access, meet development goals, and mitigate the adverse effects of energy inequalities.

The estimated average electric power consumption per capita in India is projected to reach ******** kilowatt hours by 2025. Both demand from private households as industrial consumption are included in the figures.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to *** countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).

This scatter chart displays health expenditure per capita (current US$) against renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) in India. The data is filtered where the date is 2021. The data is about countries per year.

Electricity Consumption: Utilities: West Bengal data was reported at 58,579.000 GWh in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 50,881.000 GWh for 2022. Electricity Consumption: Utilities: West Bengal data is updated yearly, averaging 29,617.150 GWh from Mar 1996 (Median) to 2023, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 58,579.000 GWh in 2023 and a record low of 12,707.080 GWh in 1996. Electricity Consumption: Utilities: West Bengal data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Electricity Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.RBE002: Electricity: Consumption: Utilities.

Summary

This dataset provides a detailed look into energy consumption across various household appliances within smart homes. The dataset includes 100,000 records, each tracking energy usage, appliance type, time of consumption, and associated environmental factors such as outdoor temperature and season. Additionally, it includes information on household size, allowing for a deeper exploration of energy consumption patterns by family size and weather conditions. This dataset is ideal for energy usage forecasting, sustainability studies, and machine learning projects aimed at optimizing household energy efficiency.

• Home ID: A unique identifier for each home (anonymized).
• Appliance Type: The specific appliance in use (e.g., Fridge, Oven, Heater).
• Energy Consumption (kWh): Energy consumed by the appliance in kilowatt-hours (kWh).
• Time: The time at which the energy consumption occurred (24-hour format).
• Date: The date when energy consumption was recorded (YYYY-MM-DD).
• Outdoor Temperature (°C): The temperature outside at the time of energy consumption, in degrees Celsius.
• Season: The season of the year (Winter, Summer, Fall, Spring).
• Household Size: Number of people living in the household.

Potential Uses:

This dataset can be utilized in various areas, including:

• Energy consumption forecasting for smart homes.
• Identifying energy-saving opportunities by analyzing usage patterns.
• Understanding the effect of outdoor temperature and seasons on energy usage.
• Developing machine learning models for predicting peak energy demand.
• Appliance-specific energy analysis to evaluate the efficiency of different appliances.
• Studying the impact of household size on energy consumption patterns.

Suggested Analyses:

Energy Consumption by Appliance:

Analyze how much energy different appliances consume and identify the most energy-demanding ones (e.g., Does heating or refrigeration consume more energy?).

Seasonal and Temperature Impact:

Study how energy consumption changes with outdoor temperature and across seasons. For example, does heating increase in winter, and cooling increase in summer?

Energy Usage Patterns by Time of Day:

Explore energy usage trends over the course of the day to identify peak consumption periods (e.g., higher usage in the evening or morning).

Household Size vs. Energy Consumption:

Investigate the relationship between household size and energy consumption. Larger households may show different patterns in appliance usage and energy demand.

Predictive Modeling for Energy Demand:

Build models to predict future energy consumption based on temperature, household size, and appliance usage. This can help energy providers optimize supply and demand.

Energy Efficiency Analysis:

Compare the energy consumption of different households and identify potential areas for improving efficiency. For instance, homes with smaller household sizes may consume more energy per person, indicating possible inefficiencies.

Clustering Homes by Energy Usage:

Group homes based on their energy consumption patterns to identify different lifestyle or energy efficiency clusters.

Acknowledgement

Foto von Ajeet Panesar auf Unsplash

Graph and download economic data for Consumption Share of Purchasing Power Parity Converted GDP Per Capita at constant prices for India (KCPPPGINA156NUPN) from 1950 to 2010 about PPP, India, per capita, consumption, real, and GDP.

India Electricity: Consumption: Utilities: Industry data was reported at 645,000.000 GWh in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 593,895.000 GWh for 2023. India Electricity: Consumption: Utilities: Industry data is updated yearly, averaging 104,809.500 GWh from Mar 1971 (Median) to 2024, with 54 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 645,000.000 GWh in 2024 and a record low of 29,579.000 GWh in 1971. India Electricity: Consumption: Utilities: Industry data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.RBE002: Electricity: Consumption: Utilities.

In fiscal year 2022, the per capita availability of power across Haryana was about 2,177 kilowatt hour. The per capita availability of power across the state saw an increase compared to the previous fiscal year.

In fiscal year 2022, the per capita availability of power across Maharashtra in India was about 1,378 kilowatt hour. In 2021 the country's national electric grid had an installed capacity of approximately 382 gigawatts. Of this capacity, almost three quarters of electricity was produced through fossil fuels.

Graph and download economic data for Purchasing Power Parity Converted GDP Per Capita (Laspeyres), derived from growth rates of Consumption, Government Consumption, Investment for India (RGDPLPINA625NUPN) from 1950 to 2010 about India, PPP, investment, per capita, consumption, government, GDP, and rate.

The role of developing countries like India in climate action has undergone a shift in the last five to ten years. Several factors have led to this development. Firstly, with the signing of the Paris Agreement and its emphasis on bottom-pledges, all countries have become co-enactors to mitigation. Secondly, continued scientific research on co-benefits and climate damages has reduced the gap between mitigation and development priorities. Lastly, capital costs of renewable energy (RE) have plummeted making them cheaper than new coal plants in most countries, thereby providing a solid economic incentive to increase the share of RE. Despite these developments, decarbonisation of the power sector in low-income countries faces significant socio-economic and political barriers. This dissertation identifies some of those barriers, eventually suggesting policy solutions to overcome them. While one publication of this cumulative dissertation % I changed it here has a global scope, the other two papers focus on India, a country with low cumulative historic emissions, but is currently the third-largest emitter of greenhouse gases (GHG). Per-capita energy consumption is still low, but it has one of the fastest growing electricity markets in the world. Thus, the policy decisions in the power sector in India can substantially affect the global goal to decarbonisation. The first publication identifies the risk of carbon lock-ins in the power sector if India were to continue a trajectory based on current policies. We find that continued investment into fossils could eventually lead to stranded assets in the future because of the faster pace of decarbonisation required in scenarios achieving the Paris Agreement goals. Since most of the stranding arises from plants yet to be built, it can be avoided through additional capacity installations of RE, i.e., increasing current ambition in RE-deployment and limiting new coal power plants to those under construction. Most of the additional capacity would come from solar and wind, given their large resource potentials and favourable economic viability in India. The expansion potential of other sources like gas, nuclear, and hydro remains low, owing to constraints on supply, cost, and construction duration. The second article uses different mitigation scenarios and analyses, on a global level but based on country-specific data, the labor market implications of a decarbonisation policies. Although ambitious policies supporting RE and discouraging coal power, e.g., through a coal moratorium, discussed above are favourable for (future) deep decarbonisation, they could lead to disruptive changes adversely affecting the employment situation, specifically the drastic losses in the fossil sector. We show that in the near-term, stringent mitigation results in a net increase in jobs compared to a weaker climate action scenario (based on currently pledged country objectives), mainly through gains in solar and wind jobs in construction, installation, and manufacturing, despite significantly higher losses in coal fuel supply. However, global energy jobs eventually peak, because the falling labour intensity (i.e. jobs per megawatt, due to increasing productivity) outpace increases in RE installations. In the future, total jobs are still higher in stringent mitigation than in a scenario with less mitigation with most people employed in the operation and maintenance of RE infrastructure, unlike fuel extraction today. Although stricter mitigation could lead to higher jobs globally, the role of employment in decarbonisation in specific regions could play out very differently. In countries with significant people employed in fossil-fuel industries, a just transition for those workers could become important. The third publication highlights that the regional mismatch of energy infrastructure in India could become a significant barrier to effective decarbonisation. Most of the coal mines and coal power plants in India are concentrated in the poorer eastern states of Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and Jharkhand, where it is an important source of both employment and public economy. On the other hand, the best RE potentials in India are concentrated in the relatively wealthier western and southern states and are home to current and planned RE installations. Continued fossil investments in coal-bearing regions could widen this gap and in pathways to deep decarbonisation, strongly accelerate the loss of coal jobs. Without complementary opportunities, this would negatively impact the livelihood of people living in these areas. We show that dedicated policies to increase solar installations in coal regions could ensure early geographic diversification of solar energy. It could help build broad support for the energy transition, required for climate targets, and could give India important benefits in terms of avoided climate impacts and local health. At the same time, solar alone cannot provide a just transition and there is an urgent need for engagement with all stakeholders exploring challenges and other opportunities into the transition. In summary, despite the proliferation of climate considerations into decision-making at all political levels, there are still significant barriers to decarbonisation. Some of the most pressing challenges for fast-growing economies like India involve avoiding lock-ins in the power sector, which could have far-reaching consequences on the pace and cost of future decarbonisation. Higher-income nations could support the transition by providing cheaper RE-related finance and knowledge of increasing power system flexibility. At the same time, changes in the quantity and structure of jobs in the energy sector could also affect the pace of decarbonisation. Here, one key factor is the just transition of predominantly coal-bearing regions. The regional divide of fossil and RE assets and resources in India means that a regionally balanced transition from a fossil to a RE-based economy would not happen on its own; it needs dedicated policies supporting future solar installations in coal-bearing states. However, given the large size of the current coal workforce, additional solar capacity alone (in these regions) cannot replace all the lost jobs. It therefore requires to look for alternatives beyond the energy sector.

Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Haryana data was reported at 55,241.000 GWh in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 46,231.000 GWh for 2022. Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Haryana data is updated yearly, averaging 21,050.320 GWh from Mar 1996 (Median) to 2023, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 55,241.000 GWh in 2023 and a record low of 8,352.230 GWh in 1996. Electricity Consumption: Utilities: Haryana data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Electricity Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.RBE002: Electricity: Consumption: Utilities.

In fiscal year 2022, the per capita availability of power across West Bengal in India was about 599 kilowatt hour, an increase compared to the precious year. In 2021 the country's national electric grid had an installed capacity of approximately 382 gigawatts. Of this capacity, almost three quarters of electricity was produced through fossil fuels.