This graph shows the total population of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in the years between 1922 and 1935, as well as the total number of males and females. After the First World War the Baltic states began claiming their independence from tsarist Russia, as the events of the Russian Revolution took place. Inter-war Estonia The Estonian War of Independence from 1918 to 1920 led to the country's first period of independence, until it became occupied by the Soviet Union again in 1940 during the Second World War. After Estonia gained independence the country experienced a period of political turmoil, including a failed coup d'etat in 1924, and was hit hard by the Great Depression in 1929 before things became more stable in the mid 1930s. Between 1939 and 1945 Estonia's population was devastated by the Second World War, with some estimates claiming that as many as 7.3 percent of all civilians perished as a result of the conflict. From the graph we can see the population grew by 119 thousand people during the 12 years shown, growing from 1.107 million to 1.126 million. The number of women was also higher than the number of men during this time, by 67 thousand in 1922 and 68 thousand in 1934. Inter-war Latvia For Latvia, Independence was a hard-won struggle that had devastated the population in the late 1910s. Similarly to Estonia, the advent of independence brought many challenges to Latvia, and a period of political and economic turmoil followed, which was exacerbated by the Great Depression in 1929. After economic recovery began in 1933, and a coup d'etat established stricter control in 1934, the Latvian economy and political landscape became more stable and the quality of life improved. This lasted until the Second World War, where Latvia became one of the staging grounds of Germany's war against Soviet Russia, and approximately 12.5 percent of all civilians died. From the data we can see that Latvia's population between 1925 and 1935 grew steadily by 95,000 in this decade, with the number of men and women growing at a similar rate. Inter-war Lithuania Lithuania's experience in the interwar period was slightly different to that of Latvia and Estonia. The end of the First World War led to a growing movement for independence from German, Russian or Polish influence, however these countries were reluctant to cede control to one another, and independence was finally achieved in 1922. A right wing dictatorship was established in 1926, which maintained political and civil control until the outbreak of the Second World War, however interference from other nations, particularly Germany, was ever-present in Lithuanian economic activity. From the graph we have only one set of figures, showing that the Lithuanian population was just over 2 million in 1929, with approximately 5 percent more women than men. World War II again devastated Lithuania's population, with almost 14.4 percent of the entire population falling during the conflict.

This statistic shows the total population of the three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania from 1950 to 2020. Although the populations are quite different, all three countries followed a relatively similar trend throughout the last seventy years. Each country's population was devastated during the Second World War, Lithuania losing over 14 percent of the population, and Latvia and Estonia losing 12.5 percent and 7.3 percent respectively. In 1950 the populations were at around one, two and 2.5 million people respectively, and all three populations grew steadily until 1990 (although Estonia's grew at a slower rate than the other two countries). Independence movements After the Second World War the three Baltic states were incorporated into the Soviet Union, but when the Soviet economy began failing in the 1980s these states became increasingly dissatisfied with Soviet policies in the region. With growing nationalism in the area, the countries coordinated peaceful protests aimed at restoring independence to the region, in what would become known as the Singing Revolution, which involved a human chain that involved approximately 2 million people and stretched for over 675 kilometers connecting the three capital cities. Large declines following independence Within two years of the revolution all three countries became independent from the Soviet Union, and this change coincides with the drops in population of all three countries. By 1995 the populations of each country had dropped, and at a faster rate in Estonia and Latvia than in Lithuania. This decline has continued for the past 30 years, with the numbers falling at every five year interval for each country. By 2020, Estonia's population will have dropped by almost 240 thousand people, Latvia's by over 770 thousand, and Lithuania's by almost one million. The fall of the Soviet Union, combined with the Baltic nations joining the EU in 2004, meant that emigration was much easier and many from the Baltics went to Western Europe in search of work. Along with a declining natural birth rate, the populations of each country have been in steady decline and this trend is expected to continue into the next few decades, although new figures do suggest some growth for Estonia.

In 2023, Lithuania made up the largest part of the merger and acquisition (M&A) market in the Baltic States (Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia). Lithuania made up the smallest part of the Baltic M&A market in 2017, but has since increased its importance in the following years. In 2023, Estonia accounted for 37 percent, Latvia for 20 percent, and Lithuania accounted for 43 percent of the total volume of M&A deals.

Over the course of the long nineteenth century, Estonia's population almost tripled, from 0.33 million in 1800, to over one million at the outbreak of the First World War. Throughout this time, Estonia was a part of the Russian Empire, however Germany then annexed the region during the First World War; when the German army eventually retreated in 1918, Estonian forces prevented Russia from re-taking the area in the Estonian War of Independence, and an independent Estonian Republic was gradually established between 1918 and 1920. Relative to its size and population, Estonia developed into a prosperous and peaceful nation in the interwar period, and Estonian language and culture thrived, although political stability proved difficult for the Baltic state.

Estonia in WWII Estonia's independence was short lived, as the country was then annexed by the Soviet Union as part of the secret Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact between Germany and the Soviets. The invasion was achieved with little-to-no conflict, as Estonia capitulated when faced with the vastly superior military and navy of the Soviet Union. Annexation became official in June 1940; a puppet, communist government was quickly established, and many military and political rivals were imprisoned or executed under Soviet control. When Germany invaded the Soviet Union the following year, they quickly took control of Estonia, but simply replaced the Soviet Union's rule with their own, and did not grant re-establish sovereignty as many Estonians had expected or hoped for. By the war's end, Estonia suffered approximately 83,000 deaths at the hands of the Soviet Union and Germany, with almost 50,000 of these civilian deaths, and the rest were fatalities of Estonian soldiers who were forced to fight in other nations' armies.

Post-war Estonia Following the war, Estonia remained under Soviet control, and between 1950 and 1990, the population of Estonia grew steadily, from 1.1 million to almost 1.6 million. In the wake of the Soviet Union's collapse, Estonia established a rapid, but peaceful independence in 1991; and the population dropped by roughly ten percent by the end of the century. This was mostly due to non-Estonians returning to their country or region of origin, although a wave of Estonian emigration soon followed. Estonia joined the European Union in 2004, and from 2000 until 2015, Estonia's population continued to fall, reaching just 1.3 million people in 2015. Recent years, however, have seen a reversal in this trend, with limited growth since 2015; although demographers predict that Estonia's population will drop below one million people in the next half-century. The past three decades have marked the longest continuous period in the past 800 years, where the region of Estonia was not under German, Polish, Russian or Scandinavian control.

The population share with internet access in Estonia was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total four percentage points. After the ninth consecutive increasing year, the internet penetration is estimated to reach ***** percent and therefore a new peak in 2029. Notably, the population share with internet access of was continuously increasing over the past years.The penetration rate refers to the share of the total population having access to the internet via any means. The shown figures have been derived from survey data that has been processed to estimate missing demographics.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in more than *** countries and regions worldwide. All input data are sourced from international institutions, national statistical offices, and trade associations. All data has been are processed to generate comparable datasets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).

Russian ports in the Baltic Sea handled more than ******** of all cargo traffic in the region in 2019. Poland followed, with ** percent of the total cargo volume. The three Baltic states, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, handled the least traffic in the region.

As of 2023, four-star hotels occupied the largest share in all three Baltic countries, at ** percent in Estonia and ** percent each in Latvia and Lithuania. Five-star hotels in Lithuania had the lowest share in the same year, having reached ** percent.

In 2024, using parcel lockers for sending electronics and technology was in the most popular in Estonia among the Baltic countries, at over ** percent of respondents. Latvia followed in the second place, with roughly ********* of survey participants shipping gadgets from parcel lockers.

Lithuania had the largest digital economy among the Baltic countries, measured at **** billion euros in 2021. Furthermore, this value was expected to grow by **** percent between 2021 and 2030. Digital economies of Latvia and Estonia were expected to nearly double in size over that period.

Estonia had the largest share of e-commerce in its gross domestic product (GDP) among the Baltic countries, at *** percent as of 2022. It was followed by Lithuania whose e-commerce spending accounted to nearly three percent of its GDP.

In 2024, the Baltic states witnessed growth in digital advertising spending. Lithuania led the charge with a ****-percent increase, followed by Estonia with **** percent.

Women were more frequent e-commerce consumers in Estonia in 2023, with over 22 percent who had made an online purchase in the past three months placing 10 orders or more. To compare, around 27 percent of male online shoppers made between one and two purchases over the same time frame. Among the most-purchased categories of goods on the internet in Estonia were clothes, shoes, and accessories.

Latvia had the largest share of women among social media users in the Baltics, at **** percent of the total as of January 2025. To compare, in Estonia, ** percent of social media users were men.

Display was the most commonly used format of digital advertising among the Baltic countries in 2022 with a more than ** percent spending share in Latvia and approximately ** percent in Estonia.

In 2024, Lithuania ranked first by share of individuals who shopped online for consumer electronics and household appliances in the past three months among the 3 countries presented in the ranking. Lithuania's share of online electronics shoppers amounted to 13.05 percent, while Estonia and Latvia, the second and third countries, had records amounting to 10.74 percent and 10.51 percent, respectively.

YouTube was the most trusted social media platform for news in the Baltic States in 2022. In Latvia, ** percent of the respondents considered YouTube an authoritative source of information. In Estonia, only ** percent of respondents trusted news published on VKontakte.

This statistic presents the distribution of retail space in the capital cities of the Baltic states as of 2018, by type. In both Tallinn (Estonia) and Vilnius (Lithuania) over ** percent of the retail space in the cities is occupied by shopping centers. This share is much smaller in Riga (Latvia), at ** percent.

This statistic shows the private label share in Rimi Baltic stores from 2014 to 2021. The share of the grocery retailer's private labels of the total store sales was **** percent in 2021. Generally, the private label products' share of the total sales increased over the years. In 2014, the private label share was over ** percent, which grew by roughly *** percent to **** percent in the year after.

Rimi Baltic is a grocery retailer operating in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. It is a subsidiary of ICA Gruppen AB, which is a retail company with a focus on food and health.

In 2024, search advertising spending experienced growth in all the Baltic states. Estonia led the charge with a ****-percent increase. Lithuania and Latvia followed with a ****-percent growth rate each.

The revenue change is forecast to exhibit a significant decline in all regions in 2029 compared to the previous year. From the selected regions, the ranking by revenue change in the E-commerce E-commerce market is forecast to be lead by Lithuania with **** percent. In contrast, the ranking is trailed by Estonia with **** percent, recording a difference of **** percentage points to Lithuania.