The leading countries for installed renewable energy in 2024 were China, the United States, and Brazil. China was the leader in renewable energy installations, with a capacity of around 1,827 gigawatts. The U.S., in second place, had a capacity of around 428 gigawatts. Renewable energy is an important step in addressing climate change and mitigating the consequences of this phenomenon. Renewable energy capacity and productionRenewable power capacity is defined as the maximum generating capacity of installations that use renewable sources to generate electricity. The share of renewable energy in the world’s power production has increased in recent years, surpassing 30 percent in 2023. Renewable energy consumption varies from country to country. The leading countries for renewable energy consumption are China, the United States, and Canada.Renewable energy sourcesThere are various sources of renewable energy used globally, including bioenergy, solar energy, hydropower, and wind energy, to name a few. Globally, China and Brazil are the top two countries in terms of generating the most energy through hydropower. Regarding solar power, China, the United States, and Japan boast the highest installed capacities worldwide.

This table expresses the use of renewable energy as gross final consumption of energy. Figures are presented in an absolute way, as well as related to the total energy use in the Netherlands. The total gross final energy consumption in the Netherlands (the denominator used to calculate the percentage of renewable energy per ‘Energy sources and techniques’) can be found in the table as ‘Total, including non-renewables’ and Energy application ‘Total’. The gross final energy consumption for the energy applications ‘Electricity’ and ‘Heat’ are also available. With these figures the percentages of the different energy sources and applications can be calculated; these values are not available in this table. The gross final energy consumption for ‘Transport’ is not available because of the complexity to calculate this. More information on this can be found in the yearly publication ‘Hernieuwbare energie in Nederland’.

Renewable energy is energy from wind, hydro power, the sun, the earth, heat from outdoor air and biomass. This is energy from natural processes that is replenished constantly.

The figures are broken down into energy source/technique and into energy application (electricity, heat and transport).

This table focuses on the share of renewable energy according to the EU Renewable Energy Directive. Under this directive, countries can apply an administrative transfer by purchasing renewable energy from countries that have consumed more renewable energy than the agreed target. For 2020, the Netherlands has implemented such a transfer by purchasing renewable energy from Denmark. This transfer has been made visible in this table as a separate energy source/technique and two totals are included; a total with statistical transfer and a total without statistical transfer.

Figures for 2020 and before were calculated based on RED I; in accordance with Eurostat these figures will not be modified anymore. Inconsistencies with other tables undergoing updates may occur.

Data available from: 1990

Status of the figures: This table contains definite figures up to and including 2022, figures for 2023 are revised provisional figures and figures for 2024 are provisional.

Changes as of July 2025: Compiling figures on solar electricity took more time than scheduled. Consequently, not all StatLine tables on energy contain the most recent 2024 data on production for solar electricity. This table contains the outdated data from June 2025. The most recent figures are 5 percent higher for 2024 solar electricity production. These figures are in these two tables (in Dutch): - StatLine - Zonnestroom; vermogen en vermogensklasse, bedrijven en woningen, regio - StatLine - Hernieuwbare energie; zonnestroom, windenergie, RES-regio Next update is scheduled in November 2025. From that moment all figures will be fully consistent again. We apologize for the inconvenience.

Changes as of june 2025: Figures for 2024 have been added.

Changes as of January 2025 Renewable cooling has been added as Energy source and technique from 2021 onwards, in accordance with RED II. Figures for 2020 and earlier follow RED I definitions, renewable cooling isn’t a part of these definitions.
The energy application “Heat” has been renamed to “Heating and cooling”, in accordance with RED II definitions. RED II is the current Renewable Energy Directive which entered into force in 2021

Changes as of November 15th 2024 Figures for 2021-2023 have been adjusted. 2022 is now definitive, 2023 stays revised provisional. Because of new insights for windmills regarding own electricity use and capacity, figures on 2021 have been revised.

Changes as of March 2024: Figures of the total energy applications of biogas, co-digestion of manure and other biogas have been restored for 2021 and 2022. The final energy consumption of non-compliant biogas (according to RED II) was wrongly included in the total final consumption of these types of biogas. Figures of total biogas, total biomass and total renewable energy were not influenced by this and therefore not adjusted.

When will new figures be published? Provisional figures on the gross final consumption of renewable energy in broad outlines for the previous year are published each year in June. Revised provisional figures for the previous year appear each year in June.

In November all figures on the consumption of renewable energy in the previous year will be published. These figures remain revised provisional, definite figures appear in November two years after the reporting year. Most important (expected) changes between revised provisional figures in November and definite figures a year later are the figures on solar photovoltaic energy. The figures on the share of total energy consumption in the Netherlands could also still be changed by the availability of adjusted figures on total energy consumption.

As of February 2025, several countries across the European Union had established ambitious renewable power targets. Estonia and Denmark plan to achieve almost *** percent renewable electricity generation by 2030. In contrast, Poland's renewable energy targets for that year were just over ** percent. According to the EU Renewable Energy Directive, countries in the European Union must reach a share of at least **** percent of renewables in their total energy consumption, although the directive encourages to aim for ** percent. Renewable energy pipeline in Europe The further deployment of renewable technologies in the region is essential to achieve these targets. As of February 2025, prospective wind energy projects in Europe’s renewable pipeline amounted to more than *** gigawatts, although from this, only ** megawatts were already in the construction stage. Northern Europe accounted for most of the wind energy planned capacity in the region. Regarding solar, Europe had a utility-scale prospective capacity of *** gigawatts, with Southern Europe accounting for most of planned installations.
Europe’s wind and solar outlook In the next years, wind and solar installations are forecast to more than double in the European Union. It is estimated that in 2030, the region’s solar capacity will amount to some *** gigawatts, growing from the *** gigawatts operating at the end of 2023. For wind, forecasts point to an installed capacity of roughly *** gigawatts by 2030. Approximately ** percent of this capacity will correspond to offshore installations.

Germany led Europe in renewable energy consumption, with *****exajoules consumed in 2024, up from *****exajoules in 2015. *******and *******************followed as the second and third-largest consumers, highlighting a broader trend of increased renewable energy use across the continent. Renewable energy production and capacity Germany's dominance in renewable energy consumption is mirrored in its production and capacity figures. In 2023, Germany's renewable energy production amounted to approximately *** terawatt-hours, far surpassing other European nations. The country also boasted the largest installed renewable energy capacity in Europe, with almost ****gigawatts as of 2024. This substantial capacity allows Germany to meet its high renewable energy consumption needs and contributes to its leadership in the sector. European renewable energy landscape The broader European renewable energy landscape shows a promising growth. Total renewable energy consumption in Europe reached about ** exajoules in 2023, marking a nine percent increase from the previous year. Wind power has emerged as the primary renewable source in the European Union's electricity mix since 2017, accounting for over ** percent of the EU's renewable mix in 2023.

China dominated the renewable energy consumption globally and in the Asia-Pacific region, with the country consuming **** exajoules in 2024. This level far surpasses that of other major economies in the region, including India and Japan, which consumed **** and **** exajoules, respectively. Leading renewable energy markets China, India, Japan, and Vietnam are among the leading renewable energy markets in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, with increasing investments in the development of renewable energy. Moreover, Australia has focused particularly on the development of solar and wind energy, with around ** percent of its electricity coming from solar power and about ** percent of its power generation coming from wind. Australia has the largest share of wind and solar power in the electricity mix among APAC countries. China has continued to see the largest investments globally in energy transition, while India is also attracting significant investments. Southeast Asian markets have emerged as potential renewable energy markets, with Vietnam making the most progress in capacity expansion. However, these emerging markets face persistent energy infrastructure, policy, and financing challenges that must be addressed in order to speed up the transition to clean energy. The dual challenge: rising energy demand and carbon emissions in Asia-Pacific Despite these advances in renewable energy, APAC is still heavily reliant on fossil fuels to meet its rapidly growing energy demand from expanding cities and industries. Coal still accounts for over half of APAC’s power generation, with China consuming the largest share. Unsurprisingly, the region remains the world’s largest energy-related carbon dioxide emitter. China, in particular, is the leading source of CO2 emissions from fuel combustion. In 2023, the country emitted nearly **** billion metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent, exceeding the combined emissions of the United States, India, Russia, and Japan. This situation underscores the complex challenge facing rapidly developing economies: how to sustain economic growth, meet rising energy needs, and improve living standards while curbing carbon emissions and ensuring a just and inclusive energy transition.

In 2021, Austria was the country with the largest share of renewables in final electricity consumption within the European Union, with more than 76 percent. Sweden followed, with a share of 75.7 percent. In contrast, Malta ranked last within the EU, with renewables accounting for less than 10 percent of final electricity consumption in the country that year.

As of 2023, Iran boasted the largest renewable energy production capacity in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Iran produced nearly twice as many megawatts as Egypt, and almost four times that of Morocco, the countries with the next highest capacities in the region. Among the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, the United Arab Emirates led with the highest installed renewable energy capacity, ranking fourth in the MENA region with approximately * gigawatts. Investments in renewable energy The MENA region has been increasingly turning to renewable energy to meet its energy needs. Over the past decade, countries in the GCC and North Africa have invested heavily in renewable energy, with Saudi Arabia and Egypt scoring the highest value of renewable energy project contracts. This shift may be driven by the need to address gaps in current energy supplies and reduce dependence on fossil fuels by adopting more sustainable energy sources. The GCC is home to the top four valued renewable energy projects currently under execution in the MENA region. However, it is primarily the North African countries that currently account for the largest share of energy investments directed towards renewable energy in the region. Saudi Arabia Vision 2023 Renewable energy is one of the key areas of focus for Saudi Arabia as part of its Vision 2030 project, which aims to diversify the country’s economy and wean it off oil dependency. Saudi Arabia has some of the most ambitious renewable energy production targets in the MENA region, followed closely by countries in North Africa. The country is currently undertaking the construction of a mega project known as NEOM, a brand-new city to be built in the middle of the desert, estimated to cost well over *** billion U.S. dollars. Initially, the city is expected to be powered by ** percent renewable energy before switching solely to renewable and green energy by 2030.

Description

Uncover this dataset showcasing sustainable energy indicators and other useful factors across all countries from 2000 to 2020. Dive into vital aspects such as electricity access, renewable energy, carbon emissions, energy intensity, Financial flows, and economic growth. Compare nations, track progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 7, and gain profound insights into global energy consumption patterns over time.

Key Features:

• Entity: The name of the country or region for which the data is reported.
• Year: The year for which the data is reported, ranging from 2000 to 2020.
• Access to electricity (% of population): The percentage of population with access to electricity.
• Access to clean fuels for cooking (% of population): The percentage of the population with primary reliance on clean fuels.
• Renewable-electricity-generating-capacity-per-capita: Installed Renewable energy capacity per person
• Financial flows to developing countries (US $): Aid and assistance from developed countries for clean energy projects.
• Renewable energy share in total final energy consumption (%): Percentage of renewable energy in final energy consumption.
• Electricity from fossil fuels (TWh): Electricity generated from fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) in terawatt-hours.
• Electricity from nuclear (TWh): Electricity generated from nuclear power in terawatt-hours.
• Electricity from renewables (TWh): Electricity generated from renewable sources (hydro, solar, wind, etc.) in terawatt-hours.
• Low-carbon electricity (% electricity): Percentage of electricity from low-carbon sources (nuclear and renewables).
• Primary energy consumption per capita (kWh/person): Energy consumption per person in kilowatt-hours.
• Energy intensity level of primary energy (MJ/$2011 PPP GDP): Energy use per unit of GDP at purchasing power parity.
• Value_co2_emissions (metric tons per capita): Carbon dioxide emissions per person in metric tons.
• Renewables (% equivalent primary energy): Equivalent primary energy that is derived from renewable sources.
• GDP growth (annual %): Annual GDP growth rate based on constant local currency.
• GDP per capita: Gross domestic product per person.
• Density (P/Km2): Population density in persons per square kilometer.
• Land Area (Km2): Total land area in square kilometers.
• Latitude: Latitude of the country's centroid in decimal degrees.
• Longitude: Longitude of the country's centroid in decimal degrees.

Potential Use cases

• Energy Consumption Prediction: Predict future energy usage, aid planning, and track SDG 7 progress.
• Carbon Emission Forecasting: Forecast CO2 emissions, support climate strategies.
• Energy Access Classification: Categorize regions for infrastructure development, understand sustainable energy's role.
• Sustainable Development Goal Tracking: Monitor progress towards Goal 7, evaluate policy impact.
• Energy Equity Analysis: Analyze access, density, and growth for equitable distribution.
• Energy Efficiency Optimization: Identify intensive areas for environmental impact reduction.
• Renewable Energy Potential Assessment: Identify regions for green investments based on capacity.
• Renewable Energy Investment Strategies: Guide investors towards sustainable opportunities.

The renewable energy sector is expected to increase massively before the end of the decade. In 2021, European countries accounted for the largest share of energy produced from renewables worldwide. Europe is projected to maintain this top-ranking position in the next few years, with an expected ** percent of energy production coming from renewable sources by 2027. The most substantial growth in renewable energy production between 2021 and 2027 is however forecast to occur in the Middle East and Africa, with a three-fold increase from **** percent to ** percent. Renewable energy investments in the United States With the Biden Bipartisan Infrastructure Bill in 2021, the United States allocated ** billion U.S. dollars for upgrading the power infrastructure and ** billion U.S. dollars for smart buildings. The clean energy investments in the U.S. will finance the transmission network of the growing renewable energy sector, the development of green technologies, and the optimization of energy consumption to save energy. South America's renewable energy outlook South America's share of energy production from renewable sources is projected to ****** between 2021 and 2027. The Argentinian energy sector, for example, has attracted Chinese and European investments and the renewable energy capacity of this country has experienced a steady growth since 2016. In Mexico, the capacity additions planned by the Program for the Development of the Electricity System 2022-2036 were predominately in the renewable energy sector.

The Hungary renewable energy market size was USD XX Billion in 2022 and is likely to reach USD XX Billion by 2031, expanding at a CAGR of 6.5% during 2023–2031. The growth of the market is attributed to the expanding renewable energy installation capacity and planned projects in order to meet their long-term carbon-free goal.



Hungary is considered a medium power in international affairs, owing to its cultural and economic clout. It is a developed country with a high-income economy that scores extremely high on the Human Development Index, with universal health care and tuition-free secondary education for its residents.

Hungary road, rail, aviation, and water transportation systems are all well-developed. Budapest, Hungary capital has the world's second-oldest subterranean metro system.



Hungary is a member of the European Union, and as such, it participates in the EU's renewable energy plan. The EU approved the renewable energy directive in 2009, which set a 20 percent renewable energy target for the EU by 2020. Wind should provide 26-35 percent of the EU's power by 2030, saving Europe €56 billion in avoided fuel expenses per year. Hungary's national authors predict that 14.7 percent of total energy consumption will be renewable by 2020, above their 13 percent binding objective by 1.7 percentage points.



Renewable energies contributed for almost 10% of Hungary electrical output in 2018. The government is counting on biomass and solar energy to meet its self-imposed goal of generating at least 14.65 percent of its power from renewable sources during forecast period.



In 2019, 653 megawatts of additional capacity were added to the system (2018: 410 megawatts). Hungary has a total installed solar capacity of 1,450 megawatts by the end of 2019. By 2023, the Solar Europe Association forecasts the industry to have grown to more than 3,700 megawatts.<

The data set provides information on the renewable energy share of area-wide mini-grid (PV-battery-diesel) optimizations minimizing LCOE in all countries with a rural electrification rate below 90%. The values are renewable energy in percent of the total energy production. Full information on the creation of the data set can be found here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2015.12.007

Regulatory Indicators for Sustainable Energy (RISE) is a tool for policymakers to compare national policy frameworks for sustainable energy and identify opportunities to attract investment. RISE assesses countries’ policy support for each of the pillars of sustainable energy – access to electricity, access to clean cooking (for 54 access-deficit countries), energy efficiency, and renewable energy. With over 30 indicators covering 140 countries and representing over 98 percent of the world population, RISE provides a reference point to help policymakers benchmark their sector policy and regulatory framework against those of regional and global peers, and a powerful tool to help develop policies and regulations that advance sustainable energy goals. Indicators in each pillar are scored between 0 and 100 and are weighted equally to reach a score for the pillar.

Chinese investment in clean energy is the highest worldwide. In 2019, China pumped some 83.4 billion U.S. dollars into clean energy research and development. The United States and Japan had the second and third highest clean energy investments that year, at 55.5 billion and 16.5 billion U.S. dollars, respectively. All selected countries combined had spent 219.2 billion U.S. dollars in alternative energy technologies. The leading three entries accounted for roughly 71 percent of total investments.China’s wind and solar capacity As an economic and industrial powerhouse, China is burdened with a huge daily power demand. Although the government is still heavily involved in broadening its coal-fired power plants, concerns over air pollution and its impact on the health of its most vulnerable citizens have resulted in greater awareness for renewable energy sources. In 2018, China’s cumulative wind power capacity amounted to 209.5 gigawatts. Solar PV is also common in the country, with around 306 gigawatts of cumulative solar power capacity installed as of 2021. Most attractive countries for renewable investment The United States is the most attractive market for renewable investment, according to an April 2020 score, which takes into account existing governmental policies and deployment opportunities within each country. It was the first time since 2016 that the U.S. ranked higher than China and largely the result of a production tax credit (PTC) extension and a greater focus on future offshore wind installations.

The overall share of renewables in the European Union's final energy consumption reached **** percent in 2023. Sweden was the country with the largest share of renewables with over ** percent of energy consumption covered by renewables that year. According to the 2030 renewable energy targets of the region, EU member states must reach a renewable consumption share of at least **** percent by 2030.

In 2024, China’s consumption of renewable energy was the highest in the world, accounting for *****percent of global renewable consumption. Likewise, this country had the highest supply of primary energy from both renewable and non-renewable sources. Primary energy refers to energy that is derived directly from natural sources. The United States had the second highest share of global renewables consumption that year. Alternatives to fossil fuels in China Despite China accounting for such a large portion of global renewable consumption, the use of renewables is a relatively recent development for the country and still far less common than other traditional sources of primary energy. However, consumption of renewables has been higher than other alternatives to fossil fuels such as nuclear power. Both renewables and nuclear energy have seen significant increases in consumption in the last few years. The renewables market in Germany For a country of its size, with a fraction of the population and energy demands of China and the United States, Germany has seen a strong trend in increased renewable energy consumption. Germany has been a forerunner in the industry, with wind power coming into an increasingly important role. Total installed wind power capacity in Germany has almost tripled since 2008 and continues to rise consistently over recent years.

In 2024, Brazil was the leading Latin American country in terms of installed renewable energy capacity in the region, with nearly 213.9 gigawatts. Brazil's installed energy capacity represented approximately 58 percent of the region's renewable energy capacity in 2024, Mexico trailed in second, with a capacity of 34 gigawatts.

In 2024, renewable sources accounted for ***** percent of the electricity generated in the United States. The share of renewables in the country's electricity generation has been continually increasing for over a decade. In addition, renewables accounted for over ** percent of the power capacity additions in the U.S. in the same year. Renewable energy sources in the U.S. Wind power was the leading renewable energy source in the country, accounting for over ** percent of the total electricity supply in the U.S., followed by hydropower. Renewable energy generation in the U.S. amounted to *** terawatt-hours in 2023. The growth of renewables in the U.S. According to a recent forecast, the renewable electricity capacity in the U.S. is projected to triple between 2022 and 2040 in a reference scenario, although this figure could be higher in the case of low renewable cost. In 2023, onshore wind and solar photovoltaic energy had some of the lowest levelized cost of electricity in the country.

This statistic shows the investment in renewable energy as a share of the gross domestic product (GDP) worldwide in 2015, broken down by select country. In that year, the United States invested only *** percent of its GDP in renewable energy.

Renewable energy generation in the United States has seen remarkable growth, with wind power leading the charge. In 2024, wind is generated ***** terawatt hours of electricity, solidifying its position as the top renewable source since 2019. This surge in wind energy production reflects a broader trend of increasing renewable energy adoption across the country. Electricity landscape in the United States The growth in renewable electricity generation is supported by substantial investments and increasing production capacity. However, fossil fuels still dominated U.S. electricity generation in 2024. *********** remains the largest electricity source with a ** percent share in that year, while renewables accounted for ** percent of total electricity generation. Energy transition outlook in the United States Over the last few years, the country demonstrated its commitment to diversify its energy portfolio and reduce reliance on traditional fossil fuels, motivated by environmental concerns and economic factors. According to a recent forecast, renewable sources could provide approximately ** percent of U.S. electricity output by 2050, led by solar energy. The recent political turnover is expected to impact the country’s energy sector, as the new Trump administration is again shifting U.S. energy policy towards fossil fuels.

The share of renewable energies in electricity generation in Sweden grew from ***** percent in 2000 to ***** percent in 2023. Sweden is one of the countries with the highest penetration of renewables worldwide, and produces most of its electricity from hydropower, which accounted for roughly ** percent of the total generation in 2024. Wind energy is also a growing contributor to the country’s energy mix, accounting for a share of ** percent during that year. By 2030, Sweden aims to reach a 100 percent share of renewables in electricity. Renewable energy expansion across sectors Sweden's progress in renewable electricity generation aligns with its broader efforts to integrate clean energy across various sectors. In 2022, renewables accounted for ** percent of total energy consumption, the highest share recorded in recent years. This comprehensive approach extends to heating and cooling, where renewable sources made up **** percent of the energy mix in 2023. Solid biofuels, biogas, and renewable waste are some of the main sources used in renewable heating in Sweden. The consistent renewable adoption across different sectors reflects Sweden's holistic approach to sustainable energy.
Sweden’s renewable capacity and generation Sweden's total renewable energy capacity reached approximately **** terawatts in 2023, growing by more than ** percent since 2009. This capacity growth has translated into increased generation, with renewable electricity production reaching *** terawatt hours in 2024. These figures cement Sweden's position as one of the countries with the highest share of renewables over the total energy consumption.