In 2022, Canada had the highest share of adults with a university degree, at over 60 percent of those between the ages of 25 and 64. India had the smallest share of people with a university degree, at 13 percent of the adult population. University around the world Deciding which university to attend can be a difficult decision for some and in today’s world, people are not left wanting for choice. There are thousands of universities around the world, with the highest number found in India and Indonesia. When picking which school to attend, some look to university rankings, where Harvard University in the United States consistently comes in on top. Moving on up One of the major perks of attending university is that it enables people to move up in the world. Getting a good education is generally seen as a giant step along the path to success and opens up doors for future employment. Future earnings potential can be determined by which university one attends, whether by the prestige of the university or the connections that have been made there. For instance, graduates from the Stanford Graduate School of Business can expect to earn around 250,000 U.S. dollars annually.

Colleges and universities in Canada have seen significant shifts in funding sources in recent years. While federal and provincial government support continues to make up nearly half their revenue, the federal government upped its higher education spending by 22.4% from 2019 to 2024, especially benefiting universities' research and development initiatives. This federal support helped offset inconsistent provincial funding, ranging from lacklustre to solid between regions. Ontario, home to over a third of Canada's universities, has maintained a tuition freeze and capped per-student provincial grants through the current period, straining revenue growth even as enrolment surged. Many universities in the province now face deficits, despite a 2024 government stimulus package. Revenue from investment returns and donations has fluctuated dramatically, introducing an element of volatility only stabilized by government funding in some provinces. Universities' revenue has been climbing at a CAGR of 1.6% to an estimated $53.8 billion over the five years through 2025, including an uptick of 0.7% in 2025 alone. Postsecondary schools have increasingly turned to international students for revenue. International students pay up to five times higher tuition costs than domestic students, making them a valuable and high-margin resource for offsetting shrinking government support. International enrolment skyrocketed through the early period, but the federal government imposed steep caps on international study permits in 2024, 2025 and 2026 to address pressures on housing and healthcare. Universities have faced plummeting new international student enrolment, leaving them unable to replace graduates. Tighter requirements, slower processing times and new restrictions further reduced applications and approval rates. Universities and colleges will likely see similar revenue growth through the next five years alongside upticks in both federal and provincial funding. The federal government is expected to spend more on research and innovation, with new grants and higher graduate scholarships. Universities outside Ontario will raise tuition, but Ontario's tuition freeze remains in place through at least 2027 and may remain for even longer. Competition for international students between institutions will intensify as the permit cap continues to constrict the revenue stream, pushing schools to offer more financial aid, even if it means smaller surpluses. In Quebec, increased out-of-province tuition threatens enrolment, forcing the province's universities to seek greater provincial support. Colleges and universities' revenue is set to swell at a CAGR of 1.4% to an estimated $57.5 billion through the end of 2030.

This dataset provides information about 2007 Endowment figures across Colleges and Universities in the World (mainly in the United States). The Study was conducted by NACUBO. Results are also listed for 2006 and percentage change has also been listed between the two years. Locations are mapped by the lat/lon coordinates of the institution. More information on the study can be found at http://www.nacubo.org/ The National Endowment Study is the largest and longest running annual survey studying the endowment holdings of higher education institutions and their foundations. Information is collected and calculated on behalf of NACUBO by TIAA-CREF. Seven hundred and eighty-five (785) institutions in the United States and Canada participated in the 2007 NES, which is the largest number in the 35-year history of the study and the seventh consecutive year of record-breaking participation since NACUBO began its partnership with TIAA-CREF in 2000. NACUBO, (National Association of College and University Business Officers) founded in 1962, is a nonprofit professional organization representing chief administrative and financial officers at more than 2,100 colleges and universities across the country. NACUBOs mission is to promote sound management and financial practices at colleges and universities. Data was accessed on 1/23/2008 http://www.nacubo.org/Images/All%20Institutions%20Listed%20by%20FY%202007%20Market%20Value%20of%20Endowment%20Assets_2007%20NES.pdf

Among the OECD countries, Canada had the highest proportion of adults with a tertiary education in 2022. About 63 percent of Canadians had achieved a tertiary education in that year. Japan followed with about 56 percent of the population having completed a tertiary education, while in Ireland the share was roughly 54 percent. In India, on the other hand, less than 13 percent of the adult population had completed a tertiary education in 2022.

In 2022, Canada had the greatest number of international students compared to their entire higher education population, with nearly ** percent of students being international. Australia followed with a share of ** percent of the students being international, while the United Kingdom ranked third.

This dataset explores the Statistics Canada data from the 2001 Census of earnings by highest level of education completed. Average earnings of the population 15 years and over by highest level of schooling, by province and territory (2001 Census) Definitions Highest level of schooling: Refers to the highest grade or year of elementary or secondary (high) school attended, or to the highest year of university or other non-university education completed. University education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than other non-university education. Also, the attainment of a degree, certificate or diploma is considered to be at a higher level than years completed or attended without an educational qualification. Earnings (employment income): Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2000 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income. High school graduation certificate and/or some postsecondary: Includes persons who have attended courses at postsecondary institutions and who may or may not have a high school graduation certificate. Excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree. Since 1981, "postsecondary" refers to years of schooling completed at university or at institutions other than a university, a secondary (high) school or an elementary school. Examples of postsecondary institutions include community colleges, institutes of technology, CEGEPs, private trade schools, private business colleges and schools of nursing.

As of 2022, 70 percent of the South Korean population between 25 and 34 had attained a tertiary education, making it the OECD country with the highest proportion of tertiary education graduates. Canada followed with more than two-thirds, while in Japan, the share was around 66 percent. By comparison, roughly 13 percent of South Africans between 25 and 34 had a tertiary education in 2022.

Canada CA: Higher Education Researchers: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at 1.801 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.959 % for 2021. Canada CA: Higher Education Researchers: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 3.594 % from Dec 1982 (Median) to 2022, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.981 % in 2010 and a record low of -4.247 % in 2009. Canada CA: Higher Education Researchers: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.

In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions’ own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included).

Beginning 2017, NABS 2007 was used and correlated with the new Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) system of classification at Statistics Canada. With the new methodology, SEO 12 and 13 (General advancement of knowledge) were removed from the survey and departments re-allocated the funds among the other SEOs. From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.

This dataset explores Farm operators by education, by province (2001 Censuses of Agriculture and Population) for persons who's primary occupation is not agriculture. This dataset breaks the data down by gender as well. 1. Refers to the highest grade or year of elementary or secondary (high) school attended, or to the highest university degree completed or college or trade diploma or certificate completed. 2. Includes completed postsecondary education, trades certificate or diploma, and college certificate or diploma. Source: Statistics Canada, Censuses of Agriculture and Population. Last modified: 2004-09-29.

Local climate zones have been developed in the climatology field to characterize the landscape surrounding climate monitoring stations, toward adjusting for local landscape influences on measured temperature trends. For example, a station surrounded by tall buildings may be influenced by the urban heat island effect compared to a station in an agricultural area. The local climate zone classification system was developed by Iain Stewart and Tim Oke at the University of British Columbia. The classification scheme has been adopted by the World Urban Database Access and Tools Portal (WUDAPT) project, which aims to produce local climate zone maps for the entire world at a scale of ~ 100m. Local climate zones take building and vegetation type and height into account, and therefore serve as indicators of urban form, from dense urban (high building with little vegetation) to industrial/commercial (large lowrise buildings with paved areas) and natural (dense trees, low plants, water). How local climate zones are related to human health is a new area of research.CANUE staff and students worked in collaboratation with WUDAPT researchers to map local climate zones for Canada, using scripts developed in Google Earth Engine and applied to LandSat imagery for key time periods. Each postal code has been assigned to one of 14 local climate zone classes. In adition, seven groups have been created by aggregating similar local climate zones, and the percentage of group in the neighbourhood (1km2) around each postal code has been calculated.

In the academic year 2023/24, there were 331,602 international students from India studying in the United States. International students The majority of international students studying in the United States are originally from India and China, totaling 331,602 students and 277,398 students respectively in the 2023/24 school year. In 2022/23, there were 467,027 international graduate students , which accounted for over one third of the international students in the country. Typically, engineering and math & computer science programs were among the most common fields of study for these students. The United States is home to many world-renowned schools, most notably, the Ivy League Colleges which provide education that is sought after by both foreign and local students. International students and college Foreign students in the United States pay some of the highest fees in the United States, with an average of 24,914 U.S. dollars. American students attending a college in New England paid an average of 14,900 U.S. dollars for tuition alone and there were about 79,751 international students in Massachusetts . Among high-income families, U.S. students paid an average of 34,700 U.S. dollars for college, whereas the average for all U.S. families reached only 28,026 U.S. dollars. Typically, 40 percent of families paid for college tuition through parent income and savings, while 29 percent relied on grants and scholarships.

Canada CA: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry data was reported at 13.742 Per 1000 in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 11.439 Per 1000 for 2019. Canada CA: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry data is updated yearly, averaging 9.711 Per 1000 from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2020, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.742 Per 1000 in 2020 and a record low of 3.690 Per 1000 in 1981. Canada CA: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual. In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions' own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included). From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.;

Definition of MSTI variables 'Value Added of Industry' and 'Industrial Employment':

R&D data are typically expressed as a percentage of GDP to allow cross-country comparisons. When compiling such indicators for the business enterprise sector, one may wish to exclude, from GDP measures, economic activities for which the Business R&D (BERD) is null or negligible by definition. By doing so, the adjusted denominator (GDP, or Value Added, excluding non-relevant industries) better correspond to the numerator (BERD) with which it is compared to.

The MSTI variable 'Value added in industry' is used to this end:

It is calculated as the total Gross Value Added (GVA) excluding 'real estate activities' (ISIC rev.4 68) where the 'imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings', specific to the framework of the System of National Accounts, represents a significant share of total GVA and has no R&D counterpart. Moreover, the R&D performed by the community, social and personal services is mainly driven by R&D performers other than businesses.

Consequently, the following service industries are also excluded: ISIC rev.4 84 to 88 and 97 to 98. GVA data are presented at basic prices except for the People's Republic of China, Japan and New Zealand (expressed at producers' prices).In the same way, some indicators on R&D personnel in the business sector are expressed as a percentage of industrial employment. The latter corresponds to total employment excluding ISIC rev.4 68, 84 to 88 and 97 to 98.

Weighted average tuition fees for full-time Canadian and international undergraduate and graduate students. Data are collected from all publicly funded Canadian degree-granting institutions.

Graph and download economic data for Share of Labour Compensation in GDP at Current National Prices for Canada (LABSHPCAA156NRUG) from 1950 to 2019 about compensation, Canada, labor, and GDP.

Based on a comparison of coronavirus deaths in 210 countries relative to their population, Peru had the most losses to COVID-19 up until July 13, 2022. As of the same date, the virus had infected over 557.8 million people worldwide, and the number of deaths had totaled more than 6.3 million. Note, however, that COVID-19 test rates can vary per country. Additionally, big differences show up between countries when combining the number of deaths against confirmed COVID-19 cases. The source seemingly does not differentiate between "the Wuhan strain" (2019-nCOV) of COVID-19, "the Kent mutation" (B.1.1.7) that appeared in the UK in late 2020, the 2021 Delta variant (B.1.617.2) from India or the Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) from South Africa.

The difficulties of death figures

This table aims to provide a complete picture on the topic, but it very much relies on data that has become more difficult to compare. As the coronavirus pandemic developed across the world, countries already used different methods to count fatalities, and they sometimes changed them during the course of the pandemic. On April 16, for example, the Chinese city of Wuhan added a 50 percent increase in their death figures to account for community deaths. These deaths occurred outside of hospitals and went unaccounted for so far. The state of New York did something similar two days before, revising their figures with 3,700 new deaths as they started to include “assumed” coronavirus victims. The United Kingdom started counting deaths in care homes and private households on April 29, adjusting their number with about 5,000 new deaths (which were corrected lowered again by the same amount on August 18). This makes an already difficult comparison even more difficult. Belgium, for example, counts suspected coronavirus deaths in their figures, whereas other countries have not done that (yet). This means two things. First, it could have a big impact on both current as well as future figures. On April 16 already, UK health experts stated that if their numbers were corrected for community deaths like in Wuhan, the UK number would change from 205 to “above 300”. This is exactly what happened two weeks later. Second, it is difficult to pinpoint exactly which countries already have “revised” numbers (like Belgium, Wuhan or New York) and which ones do not. One work-around could be to look at (freely accessible) timelines that track the reported daily increase of deaths in certain countries. Several of these are available on our platform, such as for Belgium, Italy and Sweden. A sudden large increase might be an indicator that the domestic sources changed their methodology.

Where are these numbers coming from?

The numbers shown here were collected by Johns Hopkins University, a source that manually checks the data with domestic health authorities. For the majority of countries, this is from national authorities. In some cases, like China, the United States, Canada or Australia, city reports or other various state authorities were consulted. In this statistic, these separately reported numbers were put together. For more information or other freely accessible content, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.

Explore the World Competitiveness Ranking dataset for 2016, including key indicators such as GDP per capita, fixed telephone tariffs, and pension funding. Discover insights on social cohesion, scientific research, and digital transformation in various countries.

Social cohesion, The image abroad of your country encourages business development, Scientific articles published by origin of author, International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database, Data reproduced with the kind permission of ITU, National sources, Fixed telephone tariffs, GDP (PPP) per capita, Overall, Exports of goods - growth, Pension funding is adequately addressed for the future, Companies are very good at using big data and analytics to support decision-making, Gross fixed capital formation - real growth, Economic Performance, Scientific research legislation, Percentage of GDP, Health infrastructure meets the needs of society, Estimates based on preliminary data for the most recent year., Singapore: including re-exports., Value, Laws relating to scientific research do encourage innovation, % of GDP, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Health Infrastructure, Digital transformation in companies is generally well understood, Industrial disputes, EE, Female / male ratio, State ownership of enterprises, Total expenditure on R&D (%), Score, Colombia, Estimates for the most recent year., Percentage change, based on US$ values, Number of listed domestic companies, Tax evasion is not a threat to your economy, Scientific articles, Tax evasion, % change, Use of big data and analytics, National sources, Disposable Income, Equal opportunity, Listed domestic companies, Government budget surplus/deficit (%), Pension funding, US$ per capita at purchasing power parity, Estimates; US$ per capita at purchasing power parity, Image abroad or branding, Equal opportunity legislation in your economy encourages economic development, Number, Article counts are from a selection of journals, books, and conference proceedings in S&E from Scopus. Articles are classified by their year of publication and are assigned to a region/country/economy on the basis of the institutional address(es) listed in the article. Articles are credited on a fractional-count basis. The sum of the countries/economies may not add to the world total because of rounding. Some publications have incomplete address information for coauthored publications in the Scopus database. The unassigned category count is the sum of fractional counts for publications that cannot be assigned to a country or economy. Hong Kong: research output items by the higher education institutions funded by the University Grants Committee only., State ownership of enterprises is not a threat to business activities, Protectionism does not impair the conduct of your business, Digital transformation in companies, Total final energy consumption per capita, Social cohesion is high, Rank, MTOE per capita, Percentage change, based on constant prices, US$ billions, National sources, World Trade Organization Statistics database, Rank, Score, Value, World Rankings

Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Mexico, Mongolia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Oman, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Venezuela

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This dataset explores Farm operators by education level and gender in Canada for 2001. This dataset looks at all farm operators. 1. Refers to the highest grade or year of elementary or secondary (high) school attended, or to the highest university degree completed or college or trade diploma or certificate completed. 2. Includes completed postsecondary education, trades certificate or diploma, and college certificate or diploma. Source: Statistics Canada, Censuses of Agriculture and Population. Last modified: 2004-09-29.

Canada CA: BERD: % of Value Added data was reported at 1.365 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.488 % for 2021. Canada CA: BERD: % of Value Added data is updated yearly, averaging 1.479 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 42 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.881 % in 2001 and a record low of 0.863 % in 1981. Canada CA: BERD: % of Value Added data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual. In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions' own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included). From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.;

Definition of MSTI variables 'Value Added of Industry' and 'Industrial Employment':

R&D data are typically expressed as a percentage of GDP to allow cross-country comparisons. When compiling such indicators for the business enterprise sector, one may wish to exclude, from GDP measures, economic activities for which the Business R&D (BERD) is null or negligible by definition. By doing so, the adjusted denominator (GDP, or Value Added, excluding non-relevant industries) better correspond to the numerator (BERD) with which it is compared to.

The MSTI variable 'Value added in industry' is used to this end:

It is calculated as the total Gross Value Added (GVA) excluding 'real estate activities' (ISIC rev.4 68) where the 'imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings', specific to the framework of the System of National Accounts, represents a significant share of total GVA and has no R&D counterpart. Moreover, the R&D performed by the community, social and personal services is mainly driven by R&D performers other than businesses.

Consequently, the following service industries are also excluded: ISIC rev.4 84 to 88 and 97 to 98. GVA data are presented at basic prices except for the People's Republic of China, Japan and New Zealand (expressed at producers' prices).In the same way, some indicators on R&D personnel in the business sector are expressed as a percentage of industrial employment. The latter corresponds to total employment excluding ISIC rev.4 68, 84 to 88 and 97 to 98.

The United States was the top host destination for international students worldwide. In 2022, around ********* students were enrolled in higher education in the U.S.. Furthermore, more than ******* and ******* international students enrolled in the United Kingdom and Canada, respectively.

CA: Aerospace Industry: Trade Balance data was reported at 4.046 USD bn in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.735 USD bn for 2020. CA: Aerospace Industry: Trade Balance data is updated yearly, averaging 2.406 USD bn from Dec 1988 (Median) to 2021, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.245 USD bn in 2003 and a record low of -1.601 USD bn in 1988. CA: Aerospace Industry: Trade Balance data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Trade Statistics: OECD Member: Annual.

In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions’ own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included).

Beginning 2017, NABS 2007 was used and correlated with the new Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) system of classification at Statistics Canada. With the new methodology, SEO 12 and 13 (General advancement of knowledge) were removed from the survey and departments re-allocated the funds among the other SEOs. From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.