Graph and download economic data for Interest Rates, Government Securities, Treasury Bills for Saudi Arabia (INTGSTSAM193N) from Jun 2009 to Feb 2018 about Saudi Arabia, bills, Treasury, securities, government, interest rate, interest, and rate.

Saudi Arabia recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 26.20 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - Saudi Arabia Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Graph and download economic data for Exchange Rate Adjusted Changes of Domestic Debt Securities for General Government Issuers, All Maturities, Residence of Issuer in Saudi Arabia (DSAMRIAOGGERSA) from Q2 1995 to Q4 2022 about Saudi Arabia, adjusted, maturity, debt, domestic, residents, securities, exchange rate, government, and rate.

SA: Treasury Bill Rate: Government Securities data was reported at 1.587 % pa in Feb 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.509 % pa for Jan 2018. SA: Treasury Bill Rate: Government Securities data is updated monthly, averaging 0.470 % pa from Jun 2009 (Median) to Feb 2018, with 105 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.587 % pa in Feb 2018 and a record low of 0.260 % pa in Jul 2009. SA: Treasury Bill Rate: Government Securities data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Saudi Arabia – Table SA.IMF.IFS: Treasury Bill and Government Securities Rates.

The benchmark interest rate in Saudi Arabia was last recorded at 4.75 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Saudi Arabia Interest Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

As of December 2024, Japan held United States treasury securities totaling about 1.06 trillion U.S. dollars. Foreign holders of United States treasury debt According to the Federal Reserve and U.S. Department of the Treasury, foreign countries held a total of 8.5 trillion U.S. dollars in U.S. treasury securities as of December 2024. Of the total held by foreign countries, Japan and Mainland China held the greatest portions, with China holding 759 billion U.S. dollars in U.S. securities. The U.S. public debt In 2023, the United States had a total public national debt of 33.2 trillion U.S. dollars, an amount that has been rising steadily, particularly since 2008. In 2023, the total interest expense on debt held by the public of the United States reached 678 billion U.S. dollars, while 197 billion U.S. dollars in interest expense were intra governmental debt holdings. Total outlays of the U.S. government were 6.1 trillion U.S. dollars in 2023. By 2029, spending is projected to reach 8.3 trillion U.S. dollars.

Key information about Saudi Arabia National Government Debt

• Saudi Arabia National Government Debt reached 319.7 USD bn in Dec 2024, compared with 280.1 USD bn in the previous year.
• Saudi Arabia National Government Debt data is updated yearly, available from Dec 2004 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 319.7 USD bn in Dec 2024 and a record low of 11.8 USD bn in Dec 2014.

• In the latest reports, Saudi Arabia Consolidated Fiscal Balance registered a surplus equal to 2.5 % of its Nominal GDP in Dec 2022.
• The country's Government debt accounted for 28.5 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2024.
• Saudi Arabia Nominal GDP reached 267.9 USD bn in Mar 2023.

In 2024, the ratio of national debt to gross domestic product (GDP) of Saudi Arabia stood at about 29.87 percent. Between 1991 and 2024, the figure dropped by approximately 9.48 percentage points, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory. The forecast shows the ratio will steadily grow by around 16.05 percentage points from 2024 to 2030.The general government gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. Here it is depicted in relation to the country's GDP, which refers to the total value of goods and services produced during a year.

Key information about Saudi Arabia Government Debt: % of GDP

• Saudi Arabia Government debt accounted for 29.9 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Dec 2024, compared with the ratio of 28.5 % in the previous quarter.
• Saudi Arabia government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 2016 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 32.5 % in Mar 2021 and a record low of 12.0 % in Mar 2017.

• In the latest reports, Saudi Arabia National Government Debt reached 319.7 USD bn in Dec 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 267.9 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Key information about Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves

• Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 410.2 USD bn in Jan 2025, compared with 413.0 USD bn in the previous month
• Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves: USD mn data is updated monthly, available from Jan 2001 to Jan 2025
• The data reached an all-time high of 731.2 USD bn in Aug 2014 and a record low of 37.4 USD bn in Sep 2002

• In the latest reports, Saudi Arabia Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 21.4 Months of Import in Dec 2024.
• Its Money Supply M2 increased 710.6 USD bn YoY in Jan 2025.
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 1.3 % in Sep 2024, compared with the ratio of 1.4 % in the previous quarter.
• Household Debt of Saudi Arabia reached 12.1 % in Sep 2024, accounting for 12.1 % of the country's Nominal GDP.

As of July 18, 2025, the major economy with the highest yield on 10-year government bonds was Turkey, with a yield of ** percent. This is due to the risks investors take when investing in Turkey, notably due to high inflation rates potentially eradicating any profits made when using a foreign currency to investing in securities denominated in Turkish lira. Of the major developed economies, United Kingdom had one the highest yield on 10-year government bonds at this time with **** percent, while Switzerland had the lowest at **** percent. How does inflation influence the yields of government bonds? Inflation reduces purchasing power over time. Due to this, investors seek higher returns to offset the anticipated decrease in purchasing power resulting from rapid price rises. In countries with high inflation, government bond yields often incorporate investor expectations and risk premiums, resulting in comparatively higher rates offered by these bonds. Why are government bond rates significant? Government bond rates are an important indicator of financial markets, serving as a benchmark for borrowing costs, interest rates, and investor sentiment. They affect the cost of government borrowing, influence the price of various financial instruments, and serve as a reflection of expectations regarding inflation and economic growth. For instance, in financial analysis and investing, people often use the 10-year U.S. government bond rates as a proxy for the longer-term risk-free rate.

Amounts outstanding of debt securities issued in international markets by residents of Saudi Arabia of general government (nationality of All countries excluding residents of all issuers), all currencies, Total all currencies, original maturity of total (all maturities), remaining maturity of total (all maturities), all interest rates

In 2023, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates both had the largest share of outstanding conventional and sukuk bond issuances amongst the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, and Egypt, at ** percent each. UAE's share of bond issuances was worth *** billion U.S. dollars more than that of Saudi Arabia, valued at *** billion USD.

The statistic shows the 20 countries with the lowest national debt in 2024 in relation to the gross domestic product (GDP). The data refer to the debts of the entire state, including the central government, the provinces, municipalities, local authorities and social insurance. In 2024, Russia's estimated level of national debt reached about 20.3 percent of the GDP, ranking 16th of the countries with the lowest national debt. National debt and GDP The debt-to-GDP ratio is an indicator of a country’s ability to produce and sell goods in order to pay back any present debts, however these countries should not retain newer debts in the process. Many economists believe that if a country is able to produce more without impairing its own economical growth, it can be considered more stable, particularly for the future. However, the listed countries, with the exception of Russia and Saudi Arabia, are not necessarily economic first-world powers. Additionally, economically powerful countries such as the United States and France maintain one of the highest debt-to-GDP ratios, signifying that occurring debt does not necessarily damage the state of the economy and is sometimes necessary in order to help develop it. Saudi Arabia has maintained one of the lowest debt-to-GDP ratios due to its high export rates, which primarily consist of petroleum and petroleum goods. Given the significance of oil in today’s world, Saudi Arabia produces enough oil and earns enough revenue to maintain a high GDP and additionally refrain from incurring debt.

In 2024, the net government debt to gross domestic product (GDP) ratio of Japan was estimated at about *** percent. The government debt ratio of the United States was over ** percent. Saudi Arabia, who had the lowest net debt, had a debt ratio of only **** percent.

In 2023, the annual military spending in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region was the highest for Saudi Arabia at about 75.8 billion U.S. dollars. MENA military trends Saudi Arabia was ranked fifth among the top global military spenders in 2019. It is the largest military spender in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Saudi’s military spending reached its all-time high during 2015 when it was the third-largest military spender globally. Saudi Arabia was expected to increase its military spending following tension with Iran after an Iranian missile attacked Saudi’s oil industry in 2019, and with its military operations in Yemen. The MENA region had the highest average military spending as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) compared to other regions. Military spending as a share of GDP in Saudi Arabia in 2019 reached eight percent. The high military burden reflects instability and conflict in the region. MENA budget deficit The military expenditure of the MENA region on average is above their fiscal capabilities as the budgets allocated to operations leave less than the required amounts for the demands of the public. The average public debt as a share of GDP of the MENA region was about 40 percent in 2018. The governments of the region have been favoring using tactics such as having a strong army to delay the involvement of the democratic wave in the governing process, over the option of changing their social approach to accommodate the needs of the public. However, the majority of the public has high confidence in the military and government institutions in the region. The military forces of countries of the MENA region are known to have a strong involvement in the economic matters of the countries such as high levels of military spending post the Arab Spring to dampen any further social mobilization or uprisings. In 2020, Yemen had the highest risk of development deficit and deprivation among conflict countries in the region, followed by Syria.