According to a survey from 2024, around 52.3 percent of 12th graders in the U.S. said that they believed steroids were harmful, compared to 61.1 percent in 2011. Steroids are performance-enhancing drugs that are sometimes used by athletes illegally. This statistic shows the percentage of 12th graders in the U.S. who believed that taking steroids could put them at great risk of harm from 1991 to 2024.

Dataset Overview

This dataset, titled "Anabolic Steroids", provides a meticulously curated compilation of nearly 50 steroids. It includes detailed information on their original names, common names, medicinal applications, abuse potential, side effects, historical context, and relative molecular mass (RMM). The dataset aims to serve as a resource for exploring the dual nature of anabolic steroids—both their therapeutic benefits and their misuse in sports and bodybuilding.

Anabolic steroids are synthetic derivatives of testosterone that have been used for decades in medicine to treat conditions like anemia, muscle-wasting diseases, and hormone deficiencies. However, they are also widely abused for performance enhancement and aesthetic purposes. This dataset captures a comprehensive view of these compounds, making it valuable for researchers, educators, and data enthusiasts.

Data Science Applications

While this dataset is relatively small (approx 50 entries), it offers rich opportunities for exploratory analysis and domain-specific insights. Potential applications include:

• Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA):

  • Analyze trends in medicinal vs. non-medicinal use.
  • Study correlations between molecular mass and reported side effects.
  • Visualize the historical development of anabolic steroids over time.

• Domain-Specific Insights:

  • Examine the evolution of steroid formulations from the 1930s to the present.
  • Investigate patterns in therapeutic uses versus abuse potential.

• Educational Use:

  • Serve as a teaching tool for understanding data cleaning, visualization, and analysis.
  • Provide insights into the pharmacological and chemical properties of anabolic steroids.

Column Descriptors

1. Original Name: The scientific or chemical name of the steroid compound (e.g., Testosterone).
2. Common Name: The popular or brand name under which the steroid is marketed (e.g., Testoviron).
3. Medicinal Use: Approved therapeutic applications of the steroid (e.g., treating anemia or hormone replacement therapy).
4. Abused For: Non-medical uses often associated with performance enhancement or bodybuilding (e.g., bulking cycles, lean muscle retention).
5. Side Effects: Documented adverse effects resulting from steroid use or abuse (e.g., liver toxicity, gynecomastia).
6. History: A brief historical context about the steroid's development or usage (e.g., year introduced, medical approval status).
7. Relative Molecular Mass (g/mol): The molar mass of the steroid compound, useful for chemical analysis.

Ethically Mined Data

This dataset has been ethically compiled from publicly available sources such as scientific journals, chemical databases, and educational websites. No proprietary or confidential information has been included. The data was aggregated to ensure accuracy and relevance while respecting intellectual property rights.

Acknowledgements

The following sources were instrumental in compiling this dataset: 1. PubChem Database – For verifying chemical properties and molecular mass values. 2. Wikipedia – For historical context and general information on anabolic steroids. 3. NIST Chemistry WebBook – For accurate molecular mass values and chemical details. 4. Scientific Journals – Referenced for medicinal uses, side effects documentation, and abuse patterns. 5. DALL·E 3 by OpenAI – Used to generate illustrative images related to anabolic steroids to complement dataset visualizations.

Discouraging Steroid Usage and Highlighting Harms

The misuse of anabolic steroids poses significant health risks and ethical concerns. While anabolic steroids have legitimate medical applications, their abuse for performance enhancement or aesthetic purposes can lead to severe physical and psychological side effects. Common adverse effects include liver damage, cardiovascular strain, hormonal imbalances, infertility, aggression, and mental health issues such as depression. Prolonged misuse can also result in irreversible damage to vital organs and an increased risk of life-threatening conditions like heart attacks or strokes. Beyond individual health risks, steroid abuse undermines the integrity of sports and creates unfair advantages in competitive environments. It is crucial to prioritize natural methods of achieving fitness goals and seek professional guidance for any medical conditions requiring treatment.

Notes for Kaggle Users

This dataset is not intended for machine learning due to its small size but serves as an excellent resource for exploratory data analysis (EDA), visualization projects, and domain-specific research into anabolic steroids' pharmacology and societal impact.

Around 3.3 percent of U.S. respondents in grades 8, 10, and 12 in 2024 stated that they used steroids within that year. Steroids are sometimes used illegally by athletes to build muscle and improve athletic performance. This statistic shows the annual prevalence of the use of steroids for grades 8, 10, and 12 combined, from 1991 to 2024.

A May 2023 survey in the United Kingdom explored opinions on who was responsible for an athlete to stay clean and avoid sports doping. The largest share of respondents stated that it was the combined responsibility of sports organisations, national governing bodies of sport and UK Anti-Doping (UKAD) to keep athletes clean. Moreover, more than half of respondents stated that the athletes themselves were responsible.

The Performance Enhancing Drugs (PED) market has gained significant attention over the past few decades, especially within competitive sports and fitness industries, where athletes and individuals seek methods to improve physical performance, endurance, and muscle growth. This market encompasses a variety of substan

Global Performance Enhancing Drugs market size 2025 was XX Million. Performance Enhancing Drugs Industry compound annual growth rate (CAGR) will be XX% from 2025 till 2033.

In 1998, around 44.5 percent of 12th graders in the U.S. said that they believed steroids were easy to get, compared to 15.5 percent in 2024. Steroids are performance-enhancing drugs that are sometimes used by athletes illegally. This statistic shows the percentage of 12th graders in the U.S. who believed that steroids were easy or fairly easy to obtain from 1991 to 2024.

This statistic depicts the perception of steroid use by professional athletes in 2014. Respondents were asked whether or not they think the use of steroids or other performance enhancing drugs is a major problem. 7 percent of respondents said steroid use is not a problem at all.

A February 2024 survey in the United Kingdom explored public interest in watching competitive sports where the participants were allowed to take performance-enhancing drugs. During the survey, around one fifth of cycling fans stated that they would be interested in watching enhanced sports. Meanwhile, over three quarters of cricket fans were not at all interested in the idea of a "steroid Olympics".

This special topic poll was conducted by ABC News and ESPN and sought respondents' views on Barry Bonds and the use of steroids in Major League Baseball. Respondents were asked to give their opinions on whether the use of steroids and performance-enhancing drugs was a problem in baseball. Respondents were further asked whether they thought Barry Bonds had utilized steroids or performance-enhancing drugs and whether that would have an impact on how they felt about him potentially breaking baseball's homerun record. Questions were also solicited regarding the possibility of Barry Bonds being elected to the Hall of Fame and whether the use of steroids or a conviction of tax evasion should prevent him from being selected. Demographic variables include race, gender, age, level of education, employment status, income, political party affiliation, political philosophy, and religious affiliation.

ABSTRACT The so-called cognitive enhancers have been widely and increasingly used by healthy individuals who seek improvements in cognitive performance despite having no pathologies. One drug used for this purpose is methylphenidate, a first-line drug for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Objective: The aim of the present study was to test the effect of acute administration of varying doses of methylphenidate (10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg and placebo) on a wide range of cognitive functions in healthy young people. Methods: A total of 36 young university students and graduates participated in the study. The participants underwent tests of attention and of episodic, and working memory. Results: No differences in performance were observed on any of the tests. There was a dose-dependent (40 mg > placebo) effect on self-reported wellbeing. Conclusions: According to the recent literature, psychostimulant medications, such as methylphenidate, improve performance when cognitive processes are below an optimal level, which was not the case for the subjects of the present study. We suggest the impression that methylphenidate enhances cognitive performance in healthy young people, justifying its use, may be due to improvements in subjective wellbeing promoted by the drug.

It was found that in 2024 around *** percent of 8th graders in the United States had used steroids in their lifetime. Steroids are common performance-enhancing drugs that are sometimes used illegally by athletes. This statistic shows the lifetime prevalence of the use of steroids for grades *, **, and **, from 2006 to 2024.

BackgroundAnabolic steroids are known to improve body composition and muscle strength in healthy people. However, whether anabolic steroids improve the physical condition and function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains undetermined. A meta-analysis was conducted to review the current evidence regarding the effects of anabolic steroids on COPD patients.MethodsA comprehensive literature search of PubMed and EMBASE was performed to identify randomised controlled trials that examine the effects of anabolic steroids on COPD patients. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to determine differences between anabolic steroid administration and control conditions.ResultsEight eligible studies involving 273 COPD patients were identified in this meta-analysis. Significant improvements were found in body weight (0.956 kg), fat-free mass (1.606 kg), St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire total score (−6.336) and symptom score (−12.148). The apparent improvements in maximal inspiratory pressure (2.740 cmH2O) and maximal expiratory pressure (12.679 cmH2O) were not significant. The effects on handgrip strength, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), predicted FEV1 percent, PaO2, PaCO2 and six-min walk distance were negative, with WMDs of −0.245 kg, −0.096 L/sec, −1.996% of predicted, −1.648 cmHg, −0.039 cmHg and −16.102 meters, respectively.ConclusionsLimited evidence available from the published literature suggests that the benefit of anabolic steroids on COPD patients cannot be denied. However, further studies are needed to identify the specific benefits and adverse effects of anabolic steroids on COPD patients and to determine the optimal populations and regimes of anabolic steroids in COPD patients.

BackgroundAnabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) dependence affects approximately 30% of people who use AAS. Presently, measures to assess and diagnose AAS dependence are adapted from scales specific to other forms of drug misuse (e.g., alcohol), containing issues with internal consistency and breadth of construct capture. Additionally, there are no measures available to assess AAS craving, which represents a potentially important coeval factor to AAS dependence. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and provide evidence of validity for measures of AAS dependence and AAS craving.MethodsData were collected from male and female strength athletes who use AAS across two samples (nsample 1 = 206; nsample 2 = 224). Sample 1 completed the new measures alongside instruments assessing theoretically related constructs (Doping Moral Disengagement, Doping Self-Regulatory Efficacy Scale, craving items from the Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale, AAS adapted Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorder 4th Edition), whereas Sample 2 completed the new instruments.ResultsExploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) with Sample 1 data were used to finalize the item sets for both measures and determine the factorial structures of the AAS Dependence Scale (AASDS) and AAS Craving Scale (AASCS). The AASDS consists of 15-items across five first-order factors that are represented by one second-order factor. The AASCS consists of 16-items across four first-order factors that are represented by one second-order factor. Evidence supporting the concurrent, convergent and discriminant validity of scores obtained with both scales was provided through their associations with the theoretically related variables. CFA with the data from Sample 2 confirmed the factor structures for both scales.ConclusionThe AASDS and AASCS represent valid and reliable measures of AAS dependence and AAS craving for use in research with strength athletes who use AAS.

The Clenbuterol Tester market has become increasingly pertinent in recent years, largely driven by the growing concerns over the misuse of performance-enhancing substances in various industries, particularly in sports and bodybuilding. Clenbuterol, a powerful bronchodilator originally designed for treating asthma, h

BackgroundSocial psychology research on doping and outcome based evaluation of primary anti-doping prevention and intervention programmes have been dominated by self-reports. Having confidence in the validity and reliability of such data is vital. Methodology/Principal FindingsThe sample of 82 athletes from 30 sports (52.4% female, mean age: 21.48±2.86 years) was split into quasi-experimental groups based on i) self-admitted previous experience with prohibited performance enhancing drugs (PED) and ii) the presence of at least one prohibited PED in hair covering up to 6 months prior to data collection. Participants responded to questionnaires assessing a range of social cognitive determinants of doping via self-reports; and completed a modified version of the Brief Implicit Association Test (BIAT) assessing implicit attitudes to doping relative to the acceptable nutritional supplements (NS). Social projection regarding NS was used as control. PEDs were detected in hair samples from 10 athletes (12% prevalence), none of whom admitted doping use. This group of ‘deniers’ was characterised by a dissociation between explicit (verbal declarations) and implicit (BIAT) responding, while convergence was observed in the ‘clean’ athlete group. This dissociation, if replicated, may act as a cognitive marker of the denier group, with promising applications of the combined explicit-implicit cognitive protocol as a proxy in lieu of biochemical detection methods in social science research. Overall, discrepancies in the relationship between declared doping-related opinion and implicit doping attitudes were observed between the groups, with control measures remaining unaffected. Questionnaire responses showed a pattern consistent with self-reported doping use. Conclusions/SignificanceFollowing our preliminary work, this study provides further evidence that both self-reports on behaviour and social cognitive measures could be affected by some form of response bias. This can question the validity of self-reports, with reliability remaining unaffected. Triangulation of various assessment methods is recommended.

Mexico Exports of hormons and their derivatives, other steroids used primarily as hormone to Portugal was US$234 during 2015, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. Mexico Exports of hormons and their derivatives, other steroids used primarily as hormone to Portugal - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on December of 2025.

During a July 2024 survey in Great Britain, almost half of respondents stated that professional athletes found guilty of doping should face a permanent ban. In contrast, only two percent of respondents believed that guilty athletes should not be banned.

The World Anti-Doping Agency regulates the use of illegal and performance-enhancing substances in sports. The foundation, initiated by the International Olympic Committee, reported that the country with the most anti-doping rule violations in athletics worldwide in 2020 was the Russian Federation, with 41 violations, followed by Kenya with 12 violations.

Abstract Anabolic substances have been increasingly used by bodybuilders and athletes with the goal of improving performance and aesthetics. However, this practice has caused some concern to physicians and researchers because of unknowledge of consequences that the indiscriminate and illicit use of these substances can cause. Thus, this study analyzed the effects of two commercially available anabolic steroids (AS), Winstrol Depot® (Stanozolol) and Deposteron® (Testosterone Cypionate), in the neuronal density of limbic, motor and sensory regions on the cerebral cortex and in CA1, CA2, CA3 regions of the hippocampus. A total of 60 Swiss mice were used (30 males and 30 females), separated into three groups: control and two experimental groups, which received the AAS. From each brain, homotypic and semi-serial samples were taken in frontal sections from areas established for the study. The results showed that females treated with testosterone cypionate presented a reduction in all regions tested and the ones treated with Stanozolol showed a decrease in some hippocampal areas. Regarding male animals, stanozolol led to a decrease in neuron number in one hippocampal region. These data allow us to conclude that supra-physiological doses of steroids used in this study, can cause considerable damage to nervous tissue with ultrastructural and consequently behavioral impairment. These changes could interfere with the loss of physical yield and performance of athletes and non-athletes and may cause irreparable damage to individuals making irresponsible use of anabolic steroids.