Abstract

Census of Population and Housing (CPH) refers to the entire process of collecting, compiling, evaluating, analyzing, publishing, and disseminating data about the population and the living quarters in a country. It entails the listing and recording of the characteristics of each individual and each living quarter as of a specified time and within a specified territory. In other words, the CPH offers a “snapshot” of the entire population on a specific date, that is, how many people reside within the national borders, who they are, and where they live during such specified date. Also, included are the characteristics of the housing units where they reside.

The 2010 CPH is designed to take an inventory of the total population and housing units in the Philippines and collect information about their characteristics. The census of population is the source of information on the size and distribution of the population, as well as their demographic, social, economic, and cultural characteristics. The census of housing, on the other hand, provides information on the stock of housing units and their structural characteristics and facilities which have bearing on the maintenance of privacy and health, and the development of normal family living conditions. These information are vital for making rational plans and programs for local and national development.

Specifically, the 2010 CPH aims to: - obtain comprehensive data on the size, composition, and distribution of the population of the Philippines; - gather data on birth registration, literacy, school attendance, place of school, highest grade/year completed, residence 5 years ago, overseas worker, usual occupation, kind of business or industry, class of worker, place of work, fertility, religion, citizenship, ethnic group, disability, and functional difficulty, and determine their geographic distribution; - take stock of the housing units existing in the country and to get information about their geographic location, structural characteristics, and facilities, among others; - obtain information on the characteristics of the barangay, which will be used as basis for urban-rural classification; and - serve as sampling frame for use in household-based surveys.

Data collected in this census were compiled, evaluated, analyzed, published, and disseminated for the use of government, business, industry, social scientists, other research and academic institutions, and the general public. Among the important uses of census data are the following:

In government: - redistricting and apportionment of congressional seats; - allocation of resources and revenues; - creation of political and administrative units; - formulation of policies concerning population and housing; and - formulation of programs relative to the delivery of basic services for health, education, housing, and others

In business and industry: - determination of sites for establishing businesses; - determination of consumer demands for various goods and services; and - determination of supply of labor for the production of goods and services

In research and academic institutions: - conduct of researches on population and other disciplines; and - study of population growth and distribution as basis in preparing projections

Geographic coverage

National coverage Regions Provinces Cities and Municipalities Barangays

Analysis unit

household questionnaire: individuals (household members), households, housing units institutional questionnaire: individuals (institutional population), institutional living quarters barangay questionnaire: barangay

Universe

Census-taking in the Philippines follows a de-jure concept wherein a person is counted in the usual place of residence or the place where the person usually resides. Information on the count of the population and living quarters were collected with 12:01 a.m. of May 1, 2010 as the census reference time and date.

The following individuals were enumerated:

• Those who were present at the time of visit and whose usual place of residence is the housing unit where the household lives.

• Those whose usual place of residence is the place where the household lives but are temporarily away at the time of the census.

• Boarders/lodgers of the household or employees of household-operated businesses who do not usually return/go to their respective homes weekly.

• Overseas workers and who have been away at the time of the census for not more than five years from the date of departure and are expected to be back within five years from the date of last departure.

• Filipino "balikbayans" with usual place of residence in a foreign country but have resided or are expected to reside in the Philippines for at least a year from their arrival.

• Citizens of foreign countries who have resided or are expected to reside in the Philippines for at least a year from their arrival, except members of diplomatic missions and non-Filipino members of international organizations.

• Persons temporarily staying with the household who have no usual place of residence or who are not certain to be enumerated elsewhere.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

In the 2010 CPH, there are basically two types of questionnaires used for the enumeration of household members. These are CPH Form 2 or the Common Household Questionnaire and CPH Form 3 or the Sample Household Questionnaire. CPH Form 3 contains more questions than CPH Form 2.

The 2010 CPH was carried out through a combination of complete enumeration and sampling. For this census, systematic cluster sampling was adopted. This sampling method is designed in such a way that efficient and accurate estimates will be obtained at the city/municipality level.

The sampling rate or the proportion of households to be selected as samples depends on the size of the city/municipality where the Enumeration Area (EA) is located. For the cities/municipalities with estimated number of households of 500 and below, 100 percent sampling rate was used. While for those cities/municipalities with estimated number of households of 501 and above, a sampling rate of 20 percent was implemented.

In this sampling scheme, each city/municipality was treated as a domain. For city/municipality with 100 percent sampling rate, all households in all the EAs within this city/municipality were selected as samples. For those with a 20 percent sampling rate, systematic cluster sampling was adopted. That is, sample selection of one in five clusters with the first cluster selected at random. Thus in effect, the EAs belonging to the city/municipality with 20 percent sampling rate are divided into clusters of size 5. Random start is pre-determined for each EA.

If the sampling rate applied to a city/municipality is 100 percent, it means that all households in that municipality were administered with CPH Form 3. If it is 20 percent, it means that 20 percent of all households used CPH Form 3 while 80 percent used CPH Form 2.

The random start used by EA is a number from 1 to 5 which was used to select the cluster where the first sample households in an EA, and subsequently the other sample households, were included.

Clusters are formed by grouping together households that have been assigned consecutive serial numbers as they were listed in the Listing Booklet. For a 20 percent sampling rate, clusters were formed by grouping together five households.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

CPH Form 1 - Listing Booklet This form is a booklet used to list the buildings, housing units, households, and the Institutional Living Quarters (ILQs) within an EA. This form also records other important information such as the name of household heads and name and type of institutions and their addresses, population totals, and counts of males and females.

CPH Form 2 - Common Household Questionnaire This is the basic census questionnaire, which was used to interview and record information about the common or nonsample households. This questionnaire gathered information on the following demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the population: relationship to household head, sex, date of birth, age, birth registration, marital status, religion, ethnicity, citizenship, disability, functional difficulty, highest grade/year completed, residence 5 years ago, and overseas worker. It also contains questions on the type of building/house, construction materials of the roof and outer walls, state of repair of the building/house, year the building/house was built, floor area of the housing unit, and tenure status of the lot.

CPH Form 3 - Sample Household Questionnaire This is the basic census questionnaire, which was used to interview and record information about the sample households. This questionnaire contains ALL questions asked in CPH Form 2 PLUS additional population questions: literacy, school attendance, place of school, usual occupation, kind of business or industry, class of worker, place of work, and some items on fertility. Moreover, there are additional questions on household characteristics: fuel for lighting and cooking, source of water supply for drinking and/or cooking and for laundry, and bathing, tenure status of the housing unit, acquisition of the housing unit, source of financing of the housing unit, monthly rental of the housing unit, tenure status of the lot, usual manner of garbage disposal, kind of toilet facility, and land ownership. It also asked questions on the language/dialect generally spoken at home, residence five years from now, and presence of household conveniences/devices, and access to internet.

CPH Form 4 -

Abstract

The 2022 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) was implemented by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). Data collection took place from May 2 to June 22, 2022.

The primary objective of the 2022 NDHS is to provide up-to-date estimates of basic demographic and health indicators. Specifically, the NDHS collected information on fertility, fertility preferences, family planning practices, childhood mortality, maternal and child health, nutrition, knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS, violence against women, child discipline, early childhood development, and other health issues.

The information collected through the NDHS is intended to assist policymakers and program managers in designing and evaluating programs and strategies for improving the health of the country’s population. The 2022 NDHS also provides indicators anchored to the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the new Philippine Development Plan for 2023 to 2028.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Children age 0-5
• Woman age 15-49

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), all women aged 15-49, and all children aged 0-4 resident in the household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling scheme provides data representative of the country as a whole, for urban and rural areas separately, and for each of the country’s administrative regions. The sample selection methodology for the 2022 NDHS was based on a two-stage stratified sample design using the Master Sample Frame (MSF) designed and compiled by the PSA. The MSF was constructed based on the listing of households from the 2010 Census of Population and Housing and updated based on the listing of households from the 2015 Census of Population. The first stage involved a systematic selection of 1,247 primary sampling units (PSUs) distributed by province or HUC. A PSU can be a barangay, a portion of a large barangay, or two or more adjacent small barangays.

In the second stage, an equal take of either 22 or 29 sample housing units were selected from each sampled PSU using systematic random sampling. In situations where a housing unit contained one to three households, all households were interviewed. In the rare situation where a housing unit contained more than three households, no more than three households were interviewed. The survey interviewers were instructed to interview only the preselected housing units. No replacements and no changes of the preselected housing units were allowed in the implementing stage in order to prevent bias. Survey weights were calculated, added to the data file, and applied so that weighted results are representative estimates of indicators at the regional and national levels.

All women age 15–49 who were either usual residents of the selected households or visitors who stayed in the households the night before the survey were eligible to be interviewed. Among women eligible for an individual interview, one woman per household was selected for a module on women’s safety.

For further details on sample design, see APPENDIX A of the final report.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

Two questionnaires were used for the 2022 NDHS: the Household Questionnaire and the Woman’s Questionnaire. The questionnaires, based on The DHS Program’s model questionnaires, were adapted to reflect the population and health issues relevant to the Philippines. Input was solicited from various stakeholders representing government agencies, academe, and international agencies. The survey protocol was reviewed by the ICF Institutional Review Board.

After all questionnaires were finalized in English, they were translated into six major languages: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Bikol, Hiligaynon, and Waray. The Household and Woman’s Questionnaires were programmed into tablet computers to allow for computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) for data collection purposes, with the capability to choose any of the languages for each questionnaire.

Cleaning operations

Processing the 2022 NDHS data began almost as soon as fieldwork started, and data security procedures were in place in accordance with confidentiality of information as provided by Philippine laws. As data collection was completed in each PSU or cluster, all electronic data files were transferred securely via SyncCloud to a server maintained by the PSA Central Office in Quezon City. These data files were registered and checked for inconsistencies, incompleteness, and outliers. The field teams were alerted to any inconsistencies and errors while still in the area of assignment. Timely generation of field check tables allowed for effective monitoring of fieldwork, including tracking questionnaire completion rates. Only the field teams, project managers, and NDHS supervisors in the provincial, regional, and central offices were given access to the CAPI system and the SyncCloud server.

A team of secondary editors in the PSA Central Office carried out secondary editing, which involved resolving inconsistencies and recoding “other” responses; the former was conducted during data collection, and the latter was conducted following the completion of the fieldwork. Data editing was performed using the CSPro software package. The secondary editing of the data was completed in August 2022. The final cleaning of the data set was carried out by data processing specialists from The DHS Program in September 2022.

Response rate

A total of 35,470 households were selected for the 2022 NDHS sample, of which 30,621 were found to be occupied. Of the occupied households, 30,372 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 99%. In the interviewed households, 28,379 women age 15–49 were identified as eligible for individual interviews. Interviews were completed with 27,821 women, yielding a response rate of 98%.

Sampling error estimates

The estimates from a sample survey are affected by two types of errors: (1) nonsampling errors and (2) sampling errors. Nonsampling errors are the results of mistakes made in implementing data collection and in data processing, such as failure to locate and interview the correct household, misunderstanding of the questions on the part of either the interviewer or the respondent, and data entry errors. Although numerous efforts were made during the implementation of the 2022 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey (2022 NDHS) to minimize this type of error, nonsampling errors are impossible to avoid and difficult to evaluate statistically.

Sampling errors, on the other hand, can be evaluated statistically. The sample of respondents selected in the 2022 NDHS is only one of many samples that could have been selected from the same population, using the same design and identical size. Each of these samples would yield results that differ somewhat from the results of the actual sample selected. Sampling errors are a measure of the variability between all possible samples. Although the degree of variability is not known exactly, it can be estimated from the survey results.

A sampling error is usually measured in terms of the standard error for a particular statistic (mean, percentage, etc.), which is the square root of the variance. The standard error can be used to calculate confidence intervals within which the true value for the population can reasonably be assumed to fall. For example, for any given statistic calculated from a sample survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error of that statistic in 95% of all possible samples of identical size and design.

If the sample of respondents had been selected as a simple random sample, it would have been possible to use straightforward formulas for calculating sampling errors. However, the 2022 NDHS sample was the result of a multistage stratified design, and, consequently, it was necessary to use more complex formulas. Sampling errors are computed in SAS using programs developed by ICF. These programs use the Taylor linearization method to estimate variances for survey estimates that are means, proportions, or ratios. The Jackknife repeated replication method is used for variance estimation of more complex statistics such as fertility and mortality rates.

A more detailed description of estimates of sampling errors are presented in APPENDIX B of the survey report.

Data appraisal

Data Quality Tables

• Household age distribution
• Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women
• Age displacement at age 14/15
• Age displacement at age 49/50
• Pregnancy outcomes by years preceding the survey
• Completeness of reporting
• Observation of handwashing facility
• School attendance by single year of age
• Vaccination cards photographed
• Population pyramid
• Five-year mortality rates

See details of the data quality tables in Appendix C of the final report.

Abstract

IPUMS-International is an effort to inventory, preserve, harmonize, and disseminate census microdata from around the world. The project has collected the world's largest archive of publicly available census samples. The data are coded and documented consistently across countries and over time to facillitate comparative research. IPUMS-International makes these data available to qualified researchers free of charge through a web dissemination system.

The IPUMS project is a collaboration of the Minnesota Population Center, National Statistical Offices, and international data archives. Major funding is provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Demographic and Behavioral Sciences Branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Additional support is provided by the University of Minnesota Office of the Vice President for Research, the Minnesota Population Center, and Sun Microsystems.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Households

UNITS IDENTIFIED: - Dwellings: Yes - Vacant units: Yes - Households: Yes - Individuals: Yes - Group quarters: Yes

UNIT DESCRIPTIONS: - Dwellings: A housing unit is a structurally separate and independent place of abode which, by the way it has been constructed, converted, or arranged, is intended for habitation by a household. - Households: A household is a social unit consisting of a person living alone or a group of persons who sleep in the same housing unit and have a commong arrangement in the presparation and consumption of food. - Group quarters: Institutional population comprises persons who are found living in institutional living quarters. They may have their own families or households elsewhere but at the time of the census they are committed or confined in institutions, or they live in institutional living quarters and are usually subject to a common authority or management, or are bound by either a common public objective or a common personal interest.

Universe

Filipino nationals regardless of whether they are residing in Philipines at the time of the census and citizens of other countires having their usual residence in the Phillipines or those whose temporary residence will exceed a year from the time of their arrival.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

MICRODATA SOURCE: National Statistics Office

SAMPLE DESIGN: Systematic sampling

SAMPLE UNIT: Household

SAMPLE FRACTION: 10%

SAMPLE UNIVERSE: Microdata are available for 100%

SAMPLE SIZE (person records): 6,864,758

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Form 1: Listing Sheet, Form 2: Household Questionnaire, and Form 3: Institutional Population Questionnaire

Abstract

Philippines Population Census 2015 was designed to take an inventory of the total population in the country and collect information about its characteristics. The census of population is the source of information on the size, distribution, and composition of the population in each barangay, city/municipality, province, and region in the country, as well as information about its demographic, social, and economic characteristics. These indicators are vital in the formulation of rational plans and programs towards national and local development.

Specifically, POPCEN 2015 gathered data on: - size and geographic distribution of the population; - population composition in terms of age, sex, and marital status; - religious affiliation; - school attendance, literacy, highest grade/year completed, and technical/vocational course obtained; - usual activity/occupation, and whether overseas worker for members 15 years old and over; - registration of birth and death; - household-level characteristics such as fuel used for lighting and source of water supply for drinking and cooking; - housing characteristics such as the type of building, construction materials of the roof of the building, construction materials of the outer walls of the building/housing unit, and tenure status of the housing unit/lot; and - barangay characteristics such as the presence of selected facilities and establishments; and presence of informal settlers, relocation areas, and in-movers in the barangay due to natural and man-made disasters.

August 1, 2015 was designated as Census Day for the POPCEN 2015, on which date the enumeration of the population in the Philippines was referred. For the purpose of this census, all information collected about the population were as of 12:01 a.m., Saturday, August 1, 2015.

Enumeration lasted for about 25 days, from 10 August to 6 September 2015. In some areas, enumeration was extended until 15 September 2015 for large provinces.

Geographic coverage

The population count is available at the barangay, city/municipal, provincial, regional, and national levels. Demographic, social, and economic characteristics are tabulated at the city/municipal, provincial, regional, and national levels.

Analysis unit

The following are the units of analysis in POPCEN 2015: 1. Individual person 2. Household 3. Housing unit 4. Institutional Population 5. Barangay

Universe

The POPCEN 2015 covered all persons who were alive as of 12:01 a.m. August 1, 2015, and who were members of the household and institution as follows:

Persons Enumerated as Members of the Household:

1. Those who were present at the time of visit and whose usual place of residence was the housing unit where the household lived;

2. Family members who were overseas workers and who were away at the time of the census and were expected to be back within five years from the date of last departure. These included household members who may or may not have had a specific work contract or had been presently at home on vacation but had an existing overseas employment to return to. Undocumented overseas workers were still considered as members of the household for as long as they had been away for not more than five years. Immigrants, however, were excluded from the census.

3. Those whose usual place of residence was the place where the household lived but were temporarily away at the time of the census for any of the following reasons: a. on vacation, business/pleasure trip, or training somewhere in the Philippines and was expected to be back within six months from the date of departure. An example was a person on training with the Armed Forces of the Philippines for not more than six months; b. on vacation, business/pleasure trip, on study/training abroad and was expected to be back within a year from the date of departure; c. working or attending school outside their usual place of residence but usually came home at least once a week; d. confined in hospitals for a period of not more than six months as of the time of enumeration, except when they were confined as patients in mental hospitals, leprosaria/leper colonies or drug rehabilitation centers, regardless of the duration of their confinement; e. detained in national/provincial/city/municipal jails or in military camps for a period of not more than six months as of the time of enumeration, except when their sentence or detentionwas expected to exceed six months; f. on board coastal, interisland, or fishing vessels within Philippine territories; and g. on board oceangoing vessels but expected to be back within five years from the date of departure.

4. Boarders/lodgers of the household or employees of household-operated businesses who did not return/go home to their respective households weekly;

5. Citizens of foreign countries who resided or were expected to reside in the Philippines for at least a year from their arrival, except members of diplomatic missions and non-Filipino members of international organizations;

6. Filipino balikbayans with usual place of residence in a foreign country but resided or were expected to reside in the Philippines for at least a year from their arrival; and

7. Persons temporarily staying with the household who had no usual place of residence or who were not certain to be enumerated elsewhere.

Persons Enumerated as Members of the Institutional Population:

1. Permanent lodgers in boarding houses;

2. Dormitory residents who did not usually go home to their respective households at least once a week;

3. Hotel residents who stayed in the hotel for more than six months at the time of the census;

4. Boarders in residential houses, provided that their number was 10 or more. However, if the number of boarders in a house was less than 10, they were considered as members of regular households, not of institutions;

5. Patients in hospitals who were confined for more than six months;

6. Patients confined in mental hospitals, leprosaria or leper colonies, and drug rehabilitation centers, regardless of the length of their confinement;

7. Wards in orphanages, homes for the aged, and other welfare institutions;

8. Prisoners of corrective and penal institutions;

9. Seminarians, nuns in convents, monks, and postulants;

10. Soldiers residing in military camps; and

11. Workers in mining and similar camps.

All Filipinos in Philippine embassies, missions, and consulates abroad were also included in the enumeration.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

The POPCEN 2015 is a complete enumeration of all persons, households and institutional population in the country. No sampling was done.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face interview [f2f] and self-administered; Paper and Pencil

Research instrument

Listed below are the basic census forms that were used during the field enumeration:

• CP Form 1 - Listing Booklet This booklet was used to list the buildings, housing units, households, and ILQs within an EA. It was also used to record other information such as the address of the household head or ILQ, total population, and number of males and females corresponding to each household and ILQ listed.

• CP Form 2 - Household Questionnaire This four-page questionnaire was used to record information about the households. Specifically, this form was used to gather information on selected demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the population and some information on housing characteristics.

• CP Form 4 - Institutional Population Questionnaire This four-page questionnaire was used to record information on selected demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the population residing in ILQs.

• CP Form 5 - Barangay Schedule This four-page questionnaire was used to record the physical characteristics (e.g. street pattern) and the presence of service facilities and establishments by kind and emplyment size in the barangay. It was also used to record the presence of informal settlers, relocation areas, and in-movers in the barangay due to natural and man-made disasters.

• CP Form 7 - Household Self-Administered Questionnaire Instructions This form contains specific and detailed instructions on how to fill out/accomplish each item in CP Form 2. It was used as guide/reference by respondents who were not, for some reasons, personally interviewed by the EN.

• CP Form 8 - Institutional Population Self-Administered Questionnaire Instructions This form contains specific and detailed instructions for the managers/administrators to guide them in accomplishing each item in CP Form 4. It was used as guide/reference by managers or administrators of an ILQ.

Listed below are the major administrative and accomplishment forms that were also used to facilitate data collection and supervision, and monitoring of enumeration and personnel:

• Mapping Form This form was used to plot buildings, either occupied by households or vacant, ILQs and important physical landmarks in the area. It was also used to enlarge a map or a block of an EA/barangay if the area being enumerated is too large or congested. CP Form 1 - Listing Booklet

• CP Form 6 - Notice of Listing/Enumeration This form is a sticker. After listing and interviewing a household or ILQ, this sticker was posted in a very conspicuous place, preferably in front of the house or at the gate of the building. This form was used for control and monitoring purposes as its presence indicates that a particular housing unit or ILQ had already been listed/interviewed.

• CP Form 9 - Appointment Slip to the Household/Institution/Barangay Official This form was used to set an appointment with the

Abstract

Census of Population and Housing refers to the entire process of collecting, compiling, evaluating, analyzing, and publishing data about the population and the living quarters in a country. It entails the listing and recording of the characteristics of each individual and each living quarter as of a specified time and within a specified territory.

Census 2000 is designed to take an inventory of the total population and housing units in the Philippines and to collect information about their characteristics. The census of population is the source of information on the size and distribution of the population as well as information about the demographic, social, economic and cultural characteristics. The census of housing, on the other hand, provides information on the supply of housing units, their structural characteristics and facilities which have bearing on the maintenance of privacy, health and the development of normal family living conditions. These information are vital for making rational plans and programs for national and local development.

The Census 2000 aims to provide government planners, policy makers and administrators with data on which to base their social and economic development plans and programs.

May 1, 2000 has been designated as Census Day for the 2000 Census of Population and Housing or Census 2000, on which date the enumeration of the population and the collection of all pertinent data on housing in the Philippines shall refer.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage Regions Provinces Cities and Municipalities Barangays

Analysis unit

Individuals Households Housing units

Universe

The Census 2000 covered all persons who were alive as of 12:01 a.m. of May 1, 2000 and who are: - Filipino nationals permanently residing in the Philippines; - Filipino nationals who are temporarily at sea or are temporarily abroad as of census date; - Filipino overseas workers as of census date, even though expected to be away for more than a year; - Philippine government officials, both military and civilian, including Philippine diplomatic personnel and their families, assigned abroad; and - Civilian citizens of foreign countries having their usual residence in the Philippines or foreign visitors who have stayed or are expected to stay for at least a year from the time of their arrival in this country.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

In the Census 2000, there are basically two types of questionnaires to be used for the enumeration of hosueholds memmbers. These are CPH Form 2 or the Common Household Questionnaire and the CPH Form 3 or the Sample Household Questionnaire. There are procedures for selecting those households to whom CPH Form 3 will be administered. All enumerators are required to strictly follow these procedures.

The sampling rate, or the proportion of households to be selected as samples within each EA, varies from one EA to another. It can be either 100%, 20% or 10%. If the sampling rate applied to an EA is 100%, it means that all households in that EA will use CPH Form 3. IF it is 20% or 10%, it means that one-fifth or one-tenth, respectively, of all households will use CPH Form 3 while the rest will use CPH Form 2.

The scheme for the selection of sample households is known as systematic sampling with clusters as the sampling units. Under this scheme, the households in an EA are grouped in clusters of size 5. Clusters are formed by grouping together households that have been assigned consecutive serial numbers as they are listed in the Listing Page.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questionnaires for 2000 Census of Population and Housing were basically patterned from previous censuses except that it should be in Intelligent Character Recognition (ICR) format. The basic questionnaires designed for this undertaking were as follows:

CPH Form 1 - Listing Page This is a sheet wherein all buildings, housing units, households and institutional living quarters within an enumeration area (EA) will be listed. Other information pertaining to the population of households and institutional living quarters will also be recorded in this form.

CPH Form 2 - Common Household Questionnaire This is the basic census questionnaire, which will be used for interview and for recording information about the common or non-sample households. This questionnaire gathers information on the following demographic and social characteristics of the population: relationship to household head, family nucleus, date of birth, age, birth registration, sex, marital status, religious affiliation, disability, ethnicity, residence five years ago and highest educational attainment. This also gathers information on building and housing unit characteristics.

CPH Form 3 - Sample Household Questionnaire This is the basic census questionnaire, which will be used for interview and for recording information about the sample households. This questionnaire contains the same question as in CPH Form 2 and additional questions, namely: citizenship, language, literacy, school attendance, type of school, place of school, usual activity/occupation, kind of business/industry, place of work and some items on fertility. It also asks additional questions on household characteristics and amenities and residence five years ago.

CPH Form 4 - Institutional Population Questionnaire This questionnaire records information about persons considered part of the institutional population. It contains questions on residence status, date of birth, age, sex, marital status, religious affiliation, disability, ethnicity and highest educational attainment.

CPH Form 5 - Barangay Schedule This questionnaire will gather indicators to update the characteristics of all barangays which will determine its urbanity.

CPH Form 6 - Notice of Listing/Enumeration This is the sticker that will be posted in a very conspicuous place, preferably in front of the house or gate of the building after listing and interviewing. This sticker indicates that the Building/Housing Unit/Household has already been enumerated.

CPH Form 7 - Common Household Questionnaire Self Administered Questionnaire (SAQ) Instructions This form contains the detailed instructions on how to fill up/answer CPH Form 2. It will accompany CPH Form 2 to be distributed to households who will answer the form themselves, such as those in designated SAQ areas or those where three callbacks or four visits have been made.

CPH Form 8 - Institutional Population Questionnaire SAQ Instructions This form describes the instructions on how to accomplish CPH Form 4 - Institutional Population Questionnaire. It will accompany CPH Form 4 to be distributed to head of institutions who will accomplish the form.

CPH Form 9 - Appointment Slip This form will be used to set an appointment with the household head or any responsible member of the household in case you were unable to interview any one during your first visit or second visit. You will indicate in this form the date and time of your next visit.

Blank Barangay Map This form will be used to enlarge map of each block of an enumeration area/barangay especially if congested areas are being enumerated.

The main questionnaires were developed in English and were translated to major dialects: Bicol, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Ifugao, Ilocano, Kapampangan, Tagalog, and Waray.

Abstract

The 2002 Census of Agriculture (CA 2002) is a large-scale government operation geared towards the collection and compilation of statistics in the agriculture sector of the country. The collected data will constitute the bases from which policymakers and planners will formulate plans for the country's development.

The following were the objectives of CA 2002:

1. To determine the structure and characteristics of agricultural holdings;
2. To determine the number and distribution of households and enterprises engaged in agriculture and to gather information on the operation of these households and enterprises;
3. To provide the basis for sampling frame for other statistical undertakings; and
4. To provide basic data for use in national as well as sub-national development planning.

Specifically, it aims to: 1. Obtain comprehensive data on farm characterisitcs such as size, location, tenure status, irrigation system, crops planted, livestock/poultry raised, etc.; 2. Determine the type and number of equipment, machineries and facilities used in the operation of agricultural activities whether owned or rented; and 3. Provide benchmarks for the various statistical series which are designed to measure progress in agriculture.

Major findings include the following: 1. Central Visayas accounted for the highest number of farms but Bicol Region had the biggest farm area. 2. Almost all farms in the country were operated individually. 3. Most farms were owned by the agricultural operators. 4. More than half of the farms in the country were under temporary crops. 5. Palay remained as the major temporary crop in the country. 6. Coconut also remained as the dominant permanent crop. 7. Individual system irrigation was the most common in the country. 8. Number of hogs reared and tended increased by 1.1 milliion heads. 9. Raising of chicken was the prevalent poultry raising activity. 10. Ornamental and flower gardening (excluding orchid) was also common in the country. 11. Male operators dominated the agriculture sector. 12. Almost 80 percent of the household members engaged in agricultural activity were working in own agricultural holding. 13. Plow was the most common farm equipment in the country.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

The census covered all households, agricultural operators, and agricultural establishments.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

The CA 2002 adopted a one-stage stratified systematic sampling design where selection of sample barangays was done by city/muncipality (by district for the National Capital Region or NCR) and by stratum. However, for the provinces of Laguna, Isabela, Bukidnon, and Batanes, a full sample-census was adopted.

Except for the cities/municipalities of the full-sample barangays, all cities/municipalities (6 districts for NCR) were treated as domains and the barangays as the ultimate sampling units. The six districts of NCR are as follows: NCR I - Manila; NCR II - Quezon City; NCR III - San Juan, Cities of Mandaluyong, Marikina and Pasig; NCR IV - Malabon, Navotas, Cities of Kalookan and Valenzuela; NCR V - Pateros, Taguig and Makati City; and NCR VI - Cities of Pasay, Las Piñas, Muntinlupa, Parañaque

The sampling frame was based on the list of barangays taken from the results of the 2000 Census of Population and Housing (Census 2000) as of June 2002.

In each domain, all barangays were grouped into three strata, as follows: Stratum 1 - Barangays with the largest Total Farm Area (TFA) in the municipality based on the 1991 Census of Agriculture and fisheries (CAF) Stratum 2 - All other sample barangays of the 1991 CAF Stratum 3 - All other barangays in the sampling frame

The 1991 sample barangays in each domain were ranked by descending values of TFA. The barangays with the largest TFA in 1991, referred to as the certainty barangays, were included in Stratum 1. In cases where the certainty barangay was split into two or more barangays as a result of the creation of a new barangay (as of June 2002 master list of barangays), the new barangay was also treated as a certainty barangay. Sample barangays of the 1991 CAF not included in Stratum 1 were assigned in Stratum 2. Barangays with no TFA because they were not samples during the 1991 CAF were arranged in ascending order of the total number of households based on Census 2000. These barangays were assigned in Stratum 3.

All barangays in Stratum 1 were automatically taken as samples. Sample barangays in Strata 2 and 3 were systematically selected using a 25-percent sampling rate, except for NCR. The sampling rates for NCR were 50 percent and 10 percent for Stratum 2 and Stratum 3, respectively. In each sampled barangay, all households were covered.

All agricultural establishments identified in the 2002 List of Establishments, whether or not located in the sample barangays of CA 2002, and new agricultural establishments in the sample barangays during the enumeration of CA 2002, were enumerated.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face paper [f2f]

Cleaning operations

The accomplished census forms undergone several stages of data editing. These stages include the following:

1. Field editing which consisted of checking of consistency, correctness and completness of entries while in the field.
2. Manual Processing of accomplished questionnaires at the Provincial Offices where the following were done: a. Verification of geographic identification and completeness of forms b. Checking for legibility of entries c. Coding
3. Machine Processing which includes machine validation, consistency checking and completeness checking of entries.

Sampling error estimates

In order to provide a basis for assessing the reliability or precision of CA estimates, the estimation of the magnitude of sampling error in the census data was undertaken by the NSO for the 2002 CA. The standard error (SE) and coefficient of variation (C.V.) were used as measures of sampling error.

Abstract

The 2017 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS 2017) is a nationwide survey with a nationally representative sample of approximately 30,832 housing units. The primary objective of the survey is to provide up-to-date estimates of basic demographic and health indicators. Specifically, the NDHS 2017 collected information on marriage, fertility levels, fertility preferences, awareness and use of family planning methods, breastfeeding, maternal and child health, child mortality, awareness and behavior regarding HIV/AIDS, women’s empowerment, domestic violence, and other health-related issues such as smoking.

The information collected through the NDHS 2017 is intended to assist policymakers and program managers in the Department of Health (DOH) and other organizations in designing and evaluating programs and strategies for improving the health of the country’s population.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Children age 0-5
• Woman age 15-49

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents) and all women age 15-49 years resident in the sample household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling scheme provides data representative of the country as a whole, for urban and rural areas separately, and for each of the country’s administrative regions. The sample selection methodology for the NDHS 2017 is based on a two-stage stratified sample design using the Master Sample Frame (MSF), designed and compiled by the PSA. The MSF is constructed based on the results of the 2010 Census of Population and Housing and updated based on the 2015 Census of Population. The first stage involved a systematic selection of 1,250 primary sampling units (PSUs) distributed by province or HUC. A PSU can be a barangay, a portion of a large barangay, or two or more adjacent small barangays.

In the second stage, an equal take of either 20 or 26 sample housing units were selected from each sampled PSU using systematic random sampling. In situations where a housing unit contained one to three households, all households were interviewed. In the rare situation where a housing unit contained more than three households, no more than three households were interviewed. The survey interviewers were instructed to interview only the pre-selected housing units. No replacements and no changes of the preselected housing units were allowed in the implementing stage in order to prevent bias. Survey weights were calculated, added to the data file, and applied so that weighted results are representative estimates of indicators at the regional and national levels.

All women age 15-49 who were either permanent residents of the selected households or visitors who stayed in the households the night before the survey were eligible to be interviewed. Among women eligible for an individual interview, one woman per household was selected for a module on domestic violence.

For further details on sample design, see Appendix A of the final report.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Two questionnaires were used for the NDHS 2017: the Household Questionnaire and the Woman’s Questionnaire. Both questionnaires, based on The DHS Program’s standard Demographic and Health Survey (DHS-7) questionnaires, were adapted to reflect the population and health issues relevant to the Philippines. Input was solicited from various stakeholders representing government agencies, universities, and international agencies.

Cleaning operations

The processing of the NDHS 2017 data began almost as soon as fieldwork started. As data collection was completed in each PSU, all electronic data files were transferred via an Internet file streaming system (IFSS) to the PSA central office in Quezon City. These data files were registered and checked for inconsistencies, incompleteness, and outliers. The field teams were alerted to any inconsistencies and errors while still in the PSU. Secondary editing involved resolving inconsistencies and the coding of openended questions; the former was carried out in the central office by a senior data processor, while the latter was taken on by regional coordinators and central office staff during a 5-day workshop following the completion of the fieldwork. Data editing was carried out using the CSPro software package. The concurrent processing of the data offered a distinct advantage, because it maximized the likelihood of the data being error-free and accurate. Timely generation of field check tables allowed for more effective monitoring. The secondary editing of the data was completed by November 2017. The final cleaning of the data set was carried out by data processing specialists from The DHS Program by the end of December 2017.

Response rate

A total of 31,791 households were selected for the sample, of which 27,855 were occupied. Of the occupied households, 27,496 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 99%. In the interviewed households, 25,690 women age 15-49 were identified for individual interviews; interviews were completed with 25,074 women, yielding a response rate of 98%.

The household response rate is slightly lower in urban areas than in rural areas (98% and 99%, respectively); however, there is no difference by urban-rural residence in response rates among women (98% for each).

Sampling error estimates

The estimates from a sample survey are affected by two types of errors: nonsampling errors and sampling errors. Nonsampling errors are the results of mistakes made in implementing data collection and data processing, such as failure to locate and interview the correct household, misunderstanding of the questions on the part of either the interviewer or the respondent, and data entry errors. Although numerous efforts were made during the implementation of the Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2017 to minimize this type of error, nonsampling errors are impossible to avoid and difficult to evaluate statistically.

Sampling errors, on the other hand, can be evaluated statistically. The sample of respondents selected in the NDHS 2017 is only one of many samples that could have been selected from the same population, using the same design and expected size. Each of these samples would yield results that differ somewhat from the results of the actual sample selected. Sampling errors are a measure of the variability among all possible samples. Although the degree of variability is not known exactly, it can be estimated from the survey results.

Sampling error is usually measured in terms of the standard error for a particular statistic (mean, percentage, etc.), which is the square root of the variance. The standard error can be used to calculate confidence intervals within which the true value for the population can reasonably be assumed to fall. For example, for any given statistic calculated from a sample survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error of that statistic in 95% of all possible samples of identical size and design.

If the sample of respondents had been selected as a simple random sample, it would have been possible to use straightforward formulas for calculating sampling errors. However, the NDHS 2017 sample is the result of a multi-stage stratified design, and, consequently, it was necessary to use more complex formulas. Sampling errors are computed in SAS, using programs developed by ICF. These programs use the Taylor linearization method to estimate variances for survey estimates that are means, proportions, or ratios. The Jackknife repeated replication method is used for variance estimation of more complex statistics such as fertility and mortality rates.

A more detailed description of estimates of sampling errors are presented in Appendix B of the survey final report.

Data appraisal

Data Quality Tables - Household age distribution - Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women - Completeness of reporting - Births by calendar years - Reporting of age at death in days - Reporting of age at death in months

See details of the data quality tables in Appendix C of the survey final report.

Abstract

IPUMS-International is an effort to inventory, preserve, harmonize, and disseminate census microdata from around the world. The project has collected the world's largest archive of publicly available census samples. The data are coded and documented consistently across countries and over time to facillitate comparative research. IPUMS-International makes these data available to qualified researchers free of charge through a web dissemination system.

The IPUMS project is a collaboration of the Minnesota Population Center, National Statistical Offices, and international data archives. Major funding is provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Demographic and Behavioral Sciences Branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Additional support is provided by the University of Minnesota Office of the Vice President for Research, the Minnesota Population Center, and Sun Microsystems.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Households

UNITS IDENTIFIED: - Dwellings: Yes - Vacant units: Yes - Households: Yes - Individuals: Yes - Group quarters: Yes

UNIT DESCRIPTIONS: - Dwellings: A housing unit is a structurally separate and independent place of abode which, by the way it has been constructed, converted or arranged is intended for habitation by one or more households. Structures or parts of structures not intended for habitation such as commercial, industrial, and agricultural buildings, or natural and man-made shelters such as caves, boats, abandoned trucks, culverts, etc., but used as living quarters by households are also considered as housing units. - Households: A household is a social unit consisting of a person living alone or a group of persons who (1) sleep in the same housing unit and (2) have a common arrangement for the preparation and consumption of food. - Group quarters: Institutional population comprises persons who are found living in institutional living quarters. They may have their own families or households elsewhere but at the time of the census they are committed or confined in institutions, or they live in institutional living quarters and are usually subject to a common authority or management, or are bound by either a common public objective or a common personal interest.

Universe

Filipino nationals regardless of whether they are residing in Philipines at the time of the census and citizens of other countires having their usual residence in the Phillipines or those whose temporary residence will exceed a year from the time of their arrival.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

MICRODATA SOURCE: National Statistics Office

SAMPLE DESIGN: Systematic cluster sampling

SAMPLE UNIT: Household

SAMPLE FRACTION: 10%

SAMPLE UNIVERSE: Microdata are available for 100% samples

SAMPLE SIZE (person records): 7,417,810

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Three used: CPH Form 2- Common Household Questionnaire; 3- Sample Household questionnaire;and 4 - Instituttional Population Questionnaire

Response rate

COVERAGE: 100%

Abstract

The 2013 NDHS is designed to provide information on fertility, family planning, and health in the country for use by the government in monitoring the progress of its programs on population, family planning and health.

In particular, the 2013 NDHS has the following specific objectives: • Collect data which will allow the estimation of demographic rates, particularly fertility rates and under-five mortality rates by urban-rural residence and region. • Analyze the direct and indirect factors which determine the level and patterns of fertility. • Measure the level of contraceptive knowledge and practice by method, urban-rural residence, and region. • Collect data on health, immunizations, prenatal and postnatal check-ups, assistance at delivery, breastfeeding, and prevalence and treatment of diarrhea, fever and acute respiratory infections among children below five years old. • Collect data on environmental health, utilization of health facilities, health care financing, prevalence of common non-communicable and infectious diseases, and membership in the National Health Insurance Program (PhilHealth). • Collect data on awareness of cancer, heart disease, diabetes, dengue fever and tuberculosis. • Determine the knowledge of women about AIDS, and the extent of misconception on HIV transmission and access to HIV testing. • Determine the extent of violence against women.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individuals/ persons
• Woman age 15 to 49

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sample selection methodology for the 2013 NDHS is based on a stratified two-stage sample design, using the 2010 Census of Population and Housing (CPH) as a frame. The first stage involved a systematic selection of 800 sample enumeration areas (EAs) distributed by stratum (region, urban/rural). In the second stage, 20 sample housing units were selected from each sample EA, using systematic random sampling.

All households in the sampled housing units were interviewed. An EA is defined as an area with discern able boundaries consisting of contiguous households. The sample was designed to provide data representative of the country and its 17 administrative regions.

Further details on the sample design and implementation are given in Appendix A of the final report.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The 2013 NDHS used three questionnaires: Household Questionnaire, Individual Woman’s Questionnaire, and Women’s Safety Module. The development of these questionnaires resulted from the solicited comments and suggestions during the deliberation in the consultative meetings and separate meetings conducted with the various agencies/organizations namely: PSA-NSO, POPCOM, DOH, FNRI, ICF International, NEDA, PCW, PhilHealth, PIDS, PLCPD, UNFPA, USAID, UPPI, UPSE, and WHO. The three questionnaires were translated from English into six major languages - Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Bicol, Hiligaynon, and Waray.

The main purpose of the Household Questionnaire was to identify female members of the sample household who were eligible for interview with the Individual Woman’s Questionnaire and the Women’s Safety Module.

The Individual Woman’s Questionnaire was used to collect information from all women aged 15-49 years.

The Women’s Safety Module was used to collect information on domestic violence in the country, its prevalence, severity and frequency from only one selected respondent from among all the eligible women who were identified from the Household Questionnaire.

Cleaning operations

All completed questionnaires and the control forms were returned to the PSA-NSO central office in Manila for data processing, which consisted of manual editing, data entry and verification, and editing of computer-identified errors. An ad-hoc group of thirteen regular employees from the DSSD, the Information Resources Department (IRD), and the Information Technology Operations Division (ITOD) of the NSO was created to work fulltime and oversee data processing operation in the NDHS Data Processing Center that was carried out at the NSO-CVEA Building in Quezon City, Philippines. This group was responsible for the different aspects of NDHS data processing. There were 19 data encoders hired to process the data who underwent training on September 12-13, 2013.

Data entry started on September 16, 2013. The computer package program called Census and Survey Processing System (CSPro) was used for data entry, editing, and verification. Mr. Alexander Izmukhambetov, a data processing specialist from ICF International, spent two weeks at NSO in September 2013 to finalize the data entry program. Data processing was completed on December 6, 2013.

Response rate

For the 2013 NDHS sample, 16,732 households were selected, of which 14,893 were occupied. Of these households, 14,804 were successfully interviewed, yielding a household response rate of 99.4 percent. The household response rates in urban and rural areas are almost identical.

Among the households interviewed, 16,437 women were identified as eligible respondents, and the interviews were completed for 16,155 women, yielding a response rate of 98.3 percent. On the other hand, for the women’s safety module, from a total of 11,373 eligible women, 10,963 were interviewed with privacy, translating to a 96.4 percent response rate. At the individual level, urban and rural response rates showed no difference. The principal reason for non-response among women was the failure to find individuals at home, despite interviewers’ repeated visits to the household.

Sampling error estimates

The estimates from a sample survey are affected by two types of errors: (1) nonsampling errors and (2) sampling errors. Nonsampling errors are the results of mistakes made in implementing data collection and data processing, such as failure to locate and interview the correct household, misunderstanding of the questions on the part of either the interviewer or the respondent, and data entry errors. Although numerous efforts were made during the implementation of the 2013 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) to minimize this type of error, nonsampling errors are impossible to avoid and difficult to evaluate statistically.

Sampling errors, on the other hand, can be evaluated statistically. The sample of respondents selected in the 2013 NDHS is only one of many samples that could have been selected from the same population, using the same design and identical size. Each of these samples would yield results that differ somewhat from the results of the actual sample selected. Sampling error is a measure of the variability between the results of all possible samples. Although the degree of variability is not known exactly, it can be estimated from the survey data.

A sampling error is usually measured in terms of the standard error for a particular statistic (mean, percentage, etc.), which is the square root of the variance. The standard error can be used to calculate confidence intervals within which the true value for the population can reasonably be assumed to fall. For example, for any given statistic calculated from a sample survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error of that statistic in 95 percent of all possible samples of identical size and design.

If the sample of respondents had been selected as a simple random sample, it would have been possible to use straightforward formulas for calculating sampling errors. However, the 2013 NDHS sample is the result of a multistage stratified design, and, consequently, it was necessary to use more complex formulae. The computer software used to calculate sampling errors for the 2013 NDHS is a SAS program. This program used the Taylor linearization method for variance estimation for survey estimates that are means or proportions. The Jackknife repeated replications method is used for variance estimation of more complex statistics such as fertility and mortality rates.

The Taylor linearization method treats any percentage or average as a ratio estimate, r = y/x, where y represents the total sample value for variable y, and x represents the total number of weighted cases in the group or subgroup under consideration.

Further details on sampling errors calculation are given in Appendix B of the final report.

Data appraisal

Data quality tables were produced to review the quality of the data: - Household age distribution - Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women - Completeness of reporting - Births by calendar years - Reporting of age at death in days - Reporting of age at death in months

Note: The tables are presented in APPENDIX C of the final report.

Abstract

The 2006 Census of Philippine Business and Industry - Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry Sector, and Fishing Sector (CPBI-AFF) is one of the designated statistical activities undertaken by the National Statistics Office (NSO). It sought to collect and generate information on the levels, structure and trends of economic activities in the entire country. Data collected from the census will served as a benchmark for the measurement and comparison of national, regional and provincial economic growth.

The data collected from the 2006 CPBI will constitute bases upon which the government and private sectors can formulate policies and evolve economic development plans. Specifically, the census data are used in constructing national and regional income accounts of the Philippine economy; formulating and monitoring plans and policies in the attainment of national and regional economic goals; determining and comparing regional and provincial economic structures and performances; providing updates for the frame of establishments; and conducting market research and feasibility studies.

The scope of the census consisted of 14 sectors of the Philippine economy as classified in the amended 1994 Philippine Standard Industrial Classification (PSIC). All information collected from the census refers to calendar year 2006 except for employment data which is as of 15 November 2006.

This metadata, however, contains the documentation of two sectors namely: Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry sector and Fishing sector classified as major divisions A and B in the amended 1994 PSIC. Data collected are on employment, compensation, revenue, subsidies, cost, fixed assets, intangible assets, capital expenditures and inventories. It also includes the procedures undertaken in all phases of the operation, scope and coverage, sampling design, publication volume, copy of questionnaire used, and other administrative and informative documents related to the census operation.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Entreprises

Universe

All establishments/enterprises engaged in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing activity.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

The 2006 CPBI used stratified systematic sampling with five-digit PSIC or groups of five-digit PSIC and/or four-digit PSIC or groups of four-digit PSIC and/or three-digit PSIC or groups of three-digit PSIC serving as first stratification variable and total employment as the second stratification variable.

The sampling design for the 2006 CPBI consists of the following:

a. Determination of geographic domain b. Determination of industry domain c. Determination of employment strata d. Determination of sampling unit e. Determination of sample size f. Sample allocation g. Sample selection.

For the complete details of the above-mentioned procedures and sampling frame used, refer to technical documents Section 'Sampling Design' and 'Frame of Establishments', respectively, of the Publication Volume.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face paper [f2f]

Cleaning operations

Manual editing of data was done in three levels, as follows: · Field editing of data was done by the field officers, hired SRs and provincial staff upon collection of the accomplished questionnaires from the sample establishments. The objective is to check for completeness and consistency of entries in the questionnaires, following the instructions provided in the Field Operations and Processing Manual. Any inconsistent or missing data was corrected at this stage as this can be immediately verified from the respondents. · Office verification was done by provincial office staff upon receipt of the accomplished questionnaires from the field men and hired SRs. In some instances, the staff contacted directly the establishments through phone call or sent email inquiries to verify some inconsistent or missing data. · Desk verification was done by the ITSD staff to check the consistency and reasonableness of entries in the accomplished questionnaires. Consolidated reports of enterprises were disaggregated at the firm level based on the reports submitted by the enterprise using ratios and proportions of individual firms tof enterprise. This process also validated the status of establishments that were non-responding and reported closed, cannot be located, transferred, and out of scope. Telephone inquiry was extensively utilized to verify information from the establishment's contact person. The internet was also used to obtain information on the contact address and to research for information on the status of the establishment.

Machine processing was also done, consisting of data entry, structural and consistency checks and encoding of updates, and generation and analysis of completeness of questionnaires with ID validation and summary file reports. A microcomputer-based machine processing and tabulation system for the 2006 CPBI was developed by the IRD staff using Census and Survey Processing (CSPro) software. The system consisted of three modules namely: data entry module, validate data module which includes structural edit and completeness check, and tabulation module.

Data entry was done by IRD-Information and Technology Operations Division staff and ITSD subject matter staff while the remaining machine processing activities were done by the subject matter staff. CSPro version 3.0 was used with a highly structured data entry program. Range checks and skips were incorporated in the program.

Validate data module checked the acceptability of entries, completeness and consistencies of data items in the questionnaire including the completeness of responding samples with that of the sample reference file. The tabulation module consisted of the generation of unweighted and weighted tables for establishments with total employment of 20 and over and less than 20. The unweighted tables are simply the tally tables for the responding samples, that is, without adjustment for the weight of each sample.

The final tables were subjected to review and analysis to check for internal and external consistency and completeness of data, including the correctness in the computation of derived variables and indicators.

Response rate

The total number of sample establishments for the agriculture, hunting and forestry sector is 1,605. This is broken down by establishments size, that is, 651 for establishment with total employment of 20 and over while it is 954 for establishment with total employment of less than 20.

The overall response rate is 91.7 percent for the agriculture, hunting and forestry sector. For establishments with total employment of 20 and over, the response rate is 88.3 percent while that for establishments with total employment of less than 20 the response rate is 94.0 percent.

For the fishing sector, the total number of sample establishments is 689, that is, 156 for establishment with total employment of 20 and over, and 533 for establishment with total employment of less than 20.

The overall response rate is 97.5 percent for fishing sector. The response rate is 93.6 percent for establishments with total employment of 20 and over, and 98.7 percent for establishments with total employment of less than 20.

Sampling error estimates

The estimates of standard error by sector and industry were computed as input to the design of succeeding survey, in this case, the 2008 ASPBI.

Data appraisal

Indicators were derived to check for the consistency between data items and also compared with indicators of previous economic surveys and censuses. Growth rate of variables were also checked with data obtained from top 1000 corporations, as released by Securities and Exchange Commission.

Hong Kong SAR (China) Exports: Philippines: Plastics in Primary Forms data was reported at 4.528 HKD mn in Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4.760 HKD mn for Feb 2025. Hong Kong SAR (China) Exports: Philippines: Plastics in Primary Forms data is updated monthly, averaging 10.623 HKD mn from Jan 2012 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 159 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 36.299 HKD mn in Nov 2021 and a record low of 1.374 HKD mn in Feb 2024. Hong Kong SAR (China) Exports: Philippines: Plastics in Primary Forms data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census and Statistics Department. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Hong Kong SAR (China) – Table HK.JA009: Exports: by Country and Commodity: by 2 Digit SITC Code.

In 2024, the total population of the Philippines was at approximately 114.17 million inhabitants. For the foreseeable future, the Filipino population is expected to increase slightly, despite a current overall downward trend in population growth. The dwindling Filipino population For now, the population figures in the Philippines still show a steady increase and the country is still one of the most densely populated countries in the Asia-Pacific region, however, all signs point to a decline in the number of inhabitants in the long run: Just like the population growth rate, the country’s fertility rate, for example, has also been decreasing for years now, while the death rate has been increasing simultaneously.   Poor healthcare to blame One of the reasons for the downward trend is the aging population; fewer babies are born each year, while life expectancy at birth has been steady over the years. Another reason is poor healthcare in the country: The Philippines have a high tuberculosis incidence rate, a highly infectious disease, and are among the countries with a high probability of death from noncommunicable diseases as well.

Abstract

The Corn Production Survey is one of the two modules of the Palay and Corn Production Survey (PCPS), formerly known as the Rice and Corn Production Survey (RCPS). The Corn Production Survey (CPS) is a quarterly survey conducted by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). It aims to generate estimates on corn production, area and yield and other related information at the provincial level. The four rounds are conducted in January, April, July and October. Each round generates estimates for the immediate past quarter and forecasts for the next two quarters. Results of the survey serve as inputs to planners and policy makers on matters concerning the corn industry.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

Farming households in the barangays.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling procedure used in the Corn Production Survey (CPS) 2016 was first implemented in 1994. This is a replicated two-stage stratified sampling design with province as the domain, barangay as the Primary Sampling Unit (PSU) and farming household as the Secondary Sampling Unit (SSU).

The results of the 1991 Census of Agriculture and Fisheries (CAF 1991) serve as sampling frame at the PSU and SSU levels. In the said census, the largest barangay in a municipality is taken with certainty while a 50 percent sampling rate is used for selecting the remaining barangays in the municipality. This scheme effectively resulted in the generation of two sub-universes: a sub universe of barangays with probability of selection equal to one (these barangays are called 'certainty barangays') and another sub-universe of barangays with probability of selection equal to 0.5. This characteristic of the CAF 1991 data is used in the selection of sample barangays for the CPS.

The barangays are arrayed in ascending order based on corn area which are stratified such that the aggregate corn area of the barangays belonging to one stratum is more or less equal to the aggregate corn area of the barangays in any other stratum. Ten strata are formed for major corn producing provinces and five for minor producing provinces. In all these provinces, the last stratum consisted of the certainty barangays per CAF 1991 design.

For each stratum, four (4) sample barangays are drawn independently using Probability Proportional to Size (PPS) sampling with the barangay's corn area as size measure. This resulted with four (4) independent sets of barangays (i.e., four replicates) for the province. Systematic sampling is used in drawing the sample farming households in each sample barangay.

For economic reasons, sample size per barangay is limited to a minimum of four (4) and a maximum of twenty-five (25). To correct for this limitation of the design, the use of household weights is instituted. A detailed discussion of weighting in the CPS is included in the survey's estimation procedure attached as a Technical Document.

In November 2007, an updating of the list of farming households in all corn sample barangays nationwide was done to address the problem of non-response due to transfer of residence, stoppage of farm operation, passing away of operator etc. Consequently, a new set of sample households was drawn.

Respondents who refused to be interviewed, not home, unknown and transferred to another barangay are treated as missing and are replaced at the central office for the next quarter's survey. The replacement samples are taken from the list of replacements (farming households) for the barangay and are reflected in the list of sample households for the next round.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face paper [f2f]

Cleaning operations

Prior to data encoding, the accomplished survey returns are manually edited and coded. Manual editing is checking of responses to the Corn Production Survey (CPS) questionnaire in terms of acceptability and validity. This activity aims at improving the quality of data collected by the SRs. It involves the checking of data items based on criteria like completeness of data, consistency with other data items and data ranges. Coding is the assignment of alpha-numeric codes to questionnaire items to facilitate encoding.

Encoded data are subjected to computerized editing using a customized editing program. The editing program take into consideration the validation criteria such as validity, completeness and consistency with other data items. This activity is done to capture invalid entries that were overlooked during manual editing. An error listing is produced as output of the process. The errors reflected in said lists are verified vis-à-vis the questionnaires. The data files are updated based on the corrections made. Editing and updating are performed iteratively until a clean, error-free data file is generated.

Completeness check is done to compare the data file against a master file of barangays to check if the sample barangays have been completely surveyed or not. This activity is done after a clean, error-free data file is generated.

Response rate

CPS 2016 registered response rates which averaged 74.28% across its quarterly surveys - April 2016 Round, July 2016 Round, October 2016 Round and January 2017 Round.

The population share with internet access in the Philippines was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 8.7 percentage points. The internet penetration is estimated to amount to 98 percent in 2029. Notably, the population share with internet access of was continuously increasing over the past years.The penetration rate refers to the share of the total population having access to the internet via any means. The shown figures have been derived from survey data that has been processed to estimate missing demographics.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in more than 150 countries and regions worldwide. All input data are sourced from international institutions, national statistical offices, and trade associations. All data has been are processed to generate comparable datasets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).Find further information concerning Thailand and Singapore.

Abstract

The Palay Production Survey is one of the two modules of the Palay and Corn Production Survey (PCPS), formerly known as the Rice and Corn Production Survey (RCPS). The Palay Production Survey (PPS) 2016 is a quarterly survey conducted by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). It aims to generate estimates on palay production, area and yield and other related information at the provincial level. The four rounds are conducted in January, April, July and October. Each round generates estimates for the immediate past quarter and forecasts for the next two quarters. Results of the survey serve as inputs to planners and policy makers on matters concerning the rice industry.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

Farming households in palay producing barangays.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling procedure used in the Palay Production Survey 2016 (PPS 2016) is first implemented in 1994. This is a replicated two-stage stratified sampling design with province as the domain, barangay as the Primary Sampling Unit (PSU) and farming household as the Secondary Sampling Unit (SSU).

The results of the 1991 Census of Agriculture and Fisheries (CAF 1991) serve as sampling frame at the PSU and SSU levels. In the said census, the largest barangay in a municipality is taken with certainty while a 50 percent sampling rate is used for selecting the remaining barangays in the municipality. This scheme effectively resulted in the generation of two sub-universes: a sub universe of barangays with probability of selection equal to one (these barangays are called 'certainty barangays') and another sub-universe of barangays with probability of selection equal to 0.5. This characteristic of the CAF 1991 data is used in the selection of sample barangays for the PPS.

The barangays are arrayed in ascending order based on palay area which are stratified such that the aggregate palay area of the barangays belonging to one stratum is more or less equal to the aggregate palay area of the barangays in any other stratum. Ten strata are formed for major palay producing provinces and five for minor producing provinces. In all these provinces, the last stratum consisted of the certainty barangays per CAF 1991 design.

For each stratum, four (4) sample barangays are drawn independently using probability proportional to size (pps) sampling with the barangay's palay area as size measure. This resulted with four (4) independent sets of barangays (i.e., four replicates) for the province. Systematic sampling is used in drawing the sample farming households in each sample barangay.

For economic reasons, sample size per barangay is limited to a minimum of four (4) and a maximum of twenty-five (25). To correct for this limitation of the design, the use of household weights is instituted. A detailed discussion of weighting in the PPS is included in the survey's estimation procedure attached as a technical document.

In November 2007, an updating of the list of farming households in all palay sample barangays nationwide is done to address the problem of non-response due to transfer of residence, stoppage of farm operation, passing away of operator etc. Consequently, a new set of sample households is drawn.

Respondents who refused to be interviewed, not a home, unknown and transferred to another barangay are treated as missing and are replaced at the Central Office for the next quarter's survey. The replacement samples are taken from the list of replacements (farming households) for the barangay and are reflected in the list of sample households for the next round.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face paper [f2f]

Cleaning operations

Prior to data encoding, the accomplished survey returns are manually edited and coded. Manual editing is checking of responses to the Palay Production Survey (PPS) questionnaire in terms of acceptability and validity. This activity aims at improving the quality of data collected by the SRs. It involves the checking of data items based on criteria like completeness of data, consistency with other data items and data ranges. Coding is the assignment of alpha-numeric codes to questionnaire items to facilitate encoding.

Encoded data are subjected to computerized editing using a customized editing program. The editing program take into consideration the validation criteria such as validity, completeness and consistency with other data items. This activity is done to capture invalid entries that were overlooked during manual editing. An error listing is produced as output of the process. The errors reflected in said lists are verified vis-à-vis the questionnaires. The data files are updated based on the corrections made. Editing and updating are performed iteratively until a clean, error-free data file is generated.

Completeness check is done to compare the data file against a master file of barangays to check if the sample barangays have been completely surveyed or not. This activity is done after a clean, error-free data file is generated.

Response rate

PPS 2016 registered response rates which averaged 85.0% across its quarterly surveys - April 2016 Round, July 2016 Round, October 2016 Round and January 2017 Round.

Abstract

The 2003 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) is a nationally representative survey of 13,945 women age 15-49 and 5,009 men age 15-54. The main purpose of the 2003 NDHS is to provide policymakers and program managers with detailed information on fertility, family planning, childhood and adult mortality, maternal and child health, and knowledge and attitudes related to HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. The 2003 NDHS also collects high quality data on family health: immunizations, prevalence and treatment of diarrhea and other diseases among children under five, antenatal visits, assistance at delivery and breastfeeding.

The 2003 NDHS is the third national sample survey undertaken in Philippines under the auspices of the worldwide Demographic and Health Surveys program.

The 2003 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) is designed to provide upto-date information on population, family planning, and health to assist policymakers and program managers in evaluating and designing strategies for improving health and family planning services in the country. In particular, the 2003 NDHS has the following objectives: - Collect data at the national level, which will allow the calculation of demographic rates and, particularly, fertility and under-five mortality rates. - Analyze the direct and indirect factors that determine the level and trends of fertility. Indicators related to fertility will serve to inform plans for social and economic development. - Measure the level of contraceptive knowledge and practice by method, urban-rural residence, and region. - Collect data on knowledge and attitudes of women and men about sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS and evaluate patterns of recent behavior regarding condom use. - Collect high-quality data on family health, including immunizations, prevalence and treatment of diarrhea and other diseases among children under five, antenatal visits, assistance at delivery, and breastfeeding.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Household
• Women age 15-49
• Men age 15-54

Universe

The population covered by the 1998 Phillipines NDS is defined as the universe of all females age 15-49 years, who are members of the sample household or visitors present at the time of interview and had slept in the sample households the night prior to the time of interview, regardless of marital status and all men age 15-54 living in the household.

Kind of data

Sample survey data

Sampling procedure

The 2003 NDHS is the first survey that used the new master sample created for household surveys on the basis of the 2000 Census of Population and Housing. The 2003 NDHS used one of the four replicates of the master sample. The sample was designed to represent the country as a whole, urban and rural areas, and each of the 17 administrative regions. In each region, a stratified, three-stage cluster sampling design was employed. In the first stage, 819 primary sampling units (PSUs) were selected with probability proportional to the number of households in the 2000 census. PSUs consisted of a barangay or a group of contiguous barangays. In the second stage, in each PSU, enumeration areas (EAs) were selected with probability proportional to the number of EAs. An EA is defined as an area with discernable boundaries consisting of about 150 contiguous households. All households in the selected EAs were listed in a separate field operation conducted May 7 through 21, 2003. In the third stage, from each EA, an average of 17 households was selected using systematic sampling.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face

Research instrument

The 2003 NDHS used four questionnaires: a) Household Questionnaire, b) Health Module, c) Women's Questionnaire, and d) Men's Questionnaire. The content of the Women's Questionnaire was based on the MEASURE DHS+ Model “A” Questionnaire, which was developed for use in countries with high levels of contraceptive use. To modify the questionnaire to reflect relevant family planning and health issues in the Philippines, program input was solicited from Department of Health (DOH), Commission on Population (POPCOM), the University of the Philippines Population Institute (UPPI), the Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI), the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth), USAID, the National Statistics Coordination Board (NSCB), the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), and Dr. Mercedes B. Concepcion, professor emeritus at the University of the Philippines, as well as managers of USAID-sponsored projects in the Philippines. The questionnaires were translated from English into six major languages: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Bicol, Hiligaynon, and Waray.

a) The Household Questionnaire was used to list all of the usual members and visitors in the selected households. Basic information collected for each person listed includes age, sex, education, and relationship to the head of the household. The main purpose of the Household Questionnaire was to identify women and men who were eligible for the individual interview. Information on characteristics of the household's dwelling unit, such as the source of water, type of toilet facilities, materials used for the floor of the house, and ownership of various durable goods, was also recorded in the Household Questionnaire. These items are indicators of the household's socioeconomic status.

b) The Health Module was aimed at apprising concerned agencies on the health status, practices, and attitude of the population. The module included the following topics:
- Health facility utilization - Noncommunicable diseases - Infectious diseases -Traditional medicines, healing practices, and alternative health care modalities - Health care financing -Environmental health.

c) The Women's Questionnaire was used to collect information from all women age 15-49. These women were asked questions on the following topics: - Background characteristics (e.g., education, media exposure) - Reproductive history - Knowledge and use of family planning methods - Fertility preferences - Antenatal, delivery, and postnatal care - Breastfeeding and infant feeding practices - Vaccinations and childhood illnesses - Marriage and sexual activity - Woman's work and husband's background characteristics - Infant's and children's feeding practices - Childhood mortality - Awareness and behavior regarding AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections - Awareness and behavior regarding tuberculosis

d) The Men's Questionnaire was administered to all men age 15-54 living in every third household in the NDHS sample. The Men's Questionnaire collected much of the same information found in the Women's Questionnaire but was shorter because it did not contain questions on reproductive history, maternal and child health, and nutrition. Instead, men were asked about their knowledge and participation in health-seeking practices for their children.

Cleaning operations

All completed questionnaires and the control forms were returned to the NSO Central Office in Manila for data processing, which consisted of manual editing, data entry and verification, and editing of computer-identified errors. An ad hoc group of seven regular employees of DSSD was created to work full time in the NDHS Data Processing Center. This group was responsible for the different aspects of NDHS data processing. There were 10 manual processors and 25 data encoders hired to process the data.

Manual editing started on July 15, 2003, and data entry started on July 21, 2003. The computer package program called CSPro (Census and Survey Processing System) was used for data entry, editing, and tabulation. To prepare the data entry programs, two NSO staff members spent three weeks in ORC Macro offices in Calverton, Maryland, in April and May 2003. Data processing was completed in October 29, 2003.

Response rate

For the 2003 NDHS sample, 13,914 households were selected, of which 12,694 were occupied (Table). Of these households, 12,586 were successfully interviewed, yielding a household response rate of 99 percent. Household response rates are similar in rural areas and in urban areas (99 percent).

Among the households interviewed, 13,945 women were identified as eligible respondents, and interviews were completed for 13,633 women, yielding a response rate of 98 percent. In a subsample of every third household, 5,009 men were identified to be eligible for individual interview. Of these, 4,766 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 95 percent.

Sampling error estimates

Sampling errors, on the other hand, can be evaluated statistically. The sample of respondents selected in the 2003 NDHS is only one of many samples that could have been selected from the same population, using the same design and expected size. Each of these samples would yield results that differ somewhat from the results of the actual sample selected. Sampling errors are a measure of the variability between all possible samples. Although the degree of variability is not known exactly, it can be estimated from the survey results.

A sampling error is usually measured in terms of the standard error for a particular statistic (e.g., mean, percentage), which is the square root of the variance. The standard error can be used to calculate confidence intervals within which the true value for the population can reasonably be assumed to fall. For example, for any given statistic calculated from

Abstract

The response of the Philippine Government to the global threat of bird flu has been remarkable. The country, with all the concerted efforts of both private and government sectors, has maintained its "AVIAN FREE" status up to the present, while even the first world countries, despite the significant efforts to protect themselves have failed. As part of the country's preparedness program on the impending threat of AVIAN FLU, a survey was undertaken to generate benchmark avian population count by type of farm, by barangay. The Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS), in collaboration with the Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI), DA-Regional Field Units (RFUs) and Local Government Units (LGUs) conducted the Avian Population Survey (AvPS).

The survey collected information on inventory of chicken, duck, other poultry and birds by classification, by farm type, number of commercial farms and housing capacity. Key Informant approach was used in generating the above information nationwide. The information generated gave the BAI a spatial dimension of the country's avian population. The said undertaking gave us a clear scope of population at risk, on the smallest geographical unit possible, the barangay. Response to any eventualities will be more direct and efficient in the presence of data on avian population by barangay. We will also be well equipped in decision making both in disease control and in trade if we will be able to see the accurate and detailed distribution of population of our poultry in the country. The BAS and other DA agencies that participated in this activity hoped that the outputs of this survey can provide the planners, policy makers, farmers and other stakeholders with relevant information details regarding poultry population in the country.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Households

Universe

Households and farms in the barangay raising poultry and/or other avian species.

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

Not applicable

Mode of data collection

Other [oth]

Cleaning operations

After the data collector has reviewed and completely filled up all the items in the questionnaires, these were submitted to the POCs which forwarded the same to ROC for regional consolidation then to BAS Central Office for national consolidation. The survey questionnaires went through verification and manual editing to see if the data collected were consistent with the requirements in the editing guidelines which was provided by the BAS.

The Provincial Processing Officers (PPOs) of BAS were responsible in data coding, encoding, electronic data cleaning and generation of systems generated outputs by barangay, municipality and province. The provincial outputs were submitted to the Regional Processing Officers (RPOs) of BAS to come up with the regional estimates.

Abstract

The Labor Force Survey (LFS) aims to provide a quantitative framework for the preparation of plans and formulation of policies affecting the labor market. Specifically, the survey is designed to provide statistics on levels and trends of employment, unemployment and underemployment for the country, as a whole, and for each of the administrative regions, including provinces and key cities.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Individuals

Universe

Individuals 15 years and over.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling design of the Labor Force Survey (LFS) uses the sampling design of the 2003 Master Sample (MS) for Household Surveys that started July 2003.

Sampling Frame

As in most household surveys, the 2003 MS used an area sample design. The Enumeration Area Reference File (EARF) of the 2000 Census of Population and Housing (CPH) was utilized as sampling frame. The EARF contains the number of households by enumeration area (EA) in each barangay. This frame was used to form the primary sampling units (PSUs). With consideration of the period for which the 2003 MS will be in use, the PSUs were formed/defined as a barangay or a combination of barangays with at least 500 households.

Stratification Scheme

Startification involves the division of the entire population into non-overlapping subgroups called starta. Prior to sample selection, the PSUs in each domain were stratified as follows: 1) All large PSUs were treated as separate strata and were referred to as certainty selections (self-representing PSUs). A PSU was considered large if it has a large probability of selection. 2) All other PSUs were then stratified by province, highly urbanized city (HUC) and independent component city (ICC). 3) Within each province/HUC/ICC, the PSUs were further stratified or grouped with respect to some socio-economic variables that were related to poverty incidence. These variables were: (a) the proportion of strongly built houses (PSTRONG); (b) an indication of the proportion of households engaged in agriculture (AGRI); and (c) the per-capita income (PERCAPITA).

Sample Selection

To have some control over the subsample size, the PSUs were selected with probability proportional to some estimated measure of size. The size measure refers to the total number of households from the 2000 CPH. Because of the wide variation in PSU sizes, PSUs with selection probabilities greater than 1 were identified and were included in the sample as certainty selections.

At the second stage, enumeration areas (EAs) were selected within sampled PSUs, and at the third stage, housing units were selected within sampled EAs. Generally, all households in sampled housing units were enumerated, except for few cases when the number of households in a housing unit exceeds three. In which case, a sample of three households in a sampled housing unit was selected at random with equal probability.

An EA is defined as an area with discernable boundaries within barangays, consisting of about 150 contiguous households. These EAs were identified during the 2000 CPH. A housing unit is a structurally separate and independent place of abode which, by the way it has been constructed, converted, or arranged, is intended for habitation by a household

Sample Size

The 2003 Master Sample consist of a sample of 2,835 PSUs of which 330 were certainty PSUs and 2,505 were non certainty PSUs. The number of households for the 2000 CPH was used as measure of size. The entire MS was divided into four sub-samples or independent replicates, such as a quarter sample contains one fourth of the PSUs found in one replicate; a half-sample contains one-half of the PSUs in two replicates. Thus, the survey covers a nationwide sample of about 51,000 households deemed sufficient to measure the levels of employment and unemployment at the national and regional levels.

Strategy for non-response

Replacement of sample households within the sample housing units is allowed only if the listed sample households had moved out of the housing unit. Replacement should be the household currently residing in the sample housing unit previously occupied by the original sample.

Sampling deviation

Starting the July 2003 round of the Labor Force Survey, the generation of the labor force and employment statistics adopted the 2003 Master Sample Design. - Using this new master sample design, the number of samples increased from 41,000 to around 51,000 sample households.

• The province of Basilan is grouped under Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao while Isabela City (Basilan) is now grouped under Region IX. This is to adopt the regional grouping under Executive Order No.36.
• The 1992 four-digit code for Philippine Standard Occupational Classification (PSOC) and 1994 Philippine Standard Industry Classification (PSIC) were used in classifying the occupation and industry.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

In 2023, the total population of all ASEAN states amounted to an estimated 619.02 million inhabitants. The ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) member countries are Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. ASEAN opportunity The Association of Southeast Asian Nations was founded by five states (Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Singapore) in 1967 to improve economic and political stability and social progress among the member states. It was originally modelled after the European Union. Nowadays, after accepting more members, their agenda also includes an improvement of cultural and environmental conditions. ASEAN is now an important player on the global stage with numerous alliances and business partners, as well as more contenders wanting to join. The major player in the SouthIndonesia is not only a founding member of ASEAN, it is also its biggest contributor in terms of gross domestic product and is also one of the member states with a positive trade balance. In addition, it has the highest number of inhabitants by far. About a third of all people in the ASEAN live in Indonesia – and it is also one of the most populous countries worldwide. Among the ASEAN members, it is certainly the most powerful one, not just in numbers, but mostly due to its stable and thriving economy.

Abstract

The Palay Production Survey is one of the two modules of the Palay and Corn Production Survey (PCPS), formerly known as the Rice and Corn Production Survey (RCPS).

The Palay Production Survey (PPS) 2016 is a quarterly survey conducted by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). It aims to generate estimates on palay production, area and yield and other related information at the provincial level. The four rounds are conducted in January, April, July and October. Each round generates estimates for the immediate past quarter and forecasts for the next two quarters. Results of the survey serve as inputs to planners and policy makers on matters concerning the rice industry.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Farming households
• Palay areas operated by farming households

Universe

Farming households in palay producing barangays.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling procedure used in the Palay Production Survey 2016 (PPS 2016) was first implemented in 1994. This is a replicated two-stage stratified sampling design with province as the domain, barangay as the primary sampling unit (psu) and farming household as the secondary sampling unit (ssu).

The results of the 1991 Census of Agriculture and Fisheries (CAF 1991) serve as sampling frame at the psu and ssu levels. In the said census, the largest barangay in a municipality is taken with certainty while a 50 percent sampling rate is used for selecting the remaining barangays in the municipality. This scheme effectively resulted in the generation of two sub-universes: a sub universe of barangays with probability of selection equal to one (these barangas are called 'certainty barangays') and another sub-universe of barangays with probability of selection equal to 0.5. This characteristic of the CAF 1991 data is used in the selection of sample barangays for the PPS.

The barangays are arrayed in ascending order based on palay area which are stratified such that the aggregate palay area of the barangays belonging to one stratum is more or less equal to the aggregate palay area of the barangays in any other stratum. Ten strata are formed for major palay producing provinces and five for minor producing provinces. In all these provinces, the last stratum consisted of the certainty barangays per CAF 1991 design.

For each stratum, four (4) sample barangays are drawn independently using probability proportional to size (pps) sampling with the barangay's palay area as size measure. This resulted with four (4) independent sets of barangays (i.e., four replicates) for the province. Systematic sampling is used in drawing the sample farming households in each sample barangay.

For economic reasons, sample size per barangay is limited to a minimum of four (4) and a maximum of twenty five (25). To correct for this limitation of the design, the use of household weights is instituted. A detailed discussion of weighting in the PPS is included in the survey's estimation procedure attached as a Technical Document.

In November 2007, an updating of the list of farming households in all palay sample barangays nationwide is done to address the problem of non-response due to transfer of residence, stoppage of farm operation, passing away of operator etc. Consequently, a new set of sample households is drawn.

Respondents who refused to be interviewed, not a home, unknown and transferred to another barangay are treated as missing and are replaced at the Central Office for the next quarter's survey. The replacement samples are taken from the list of replacements (farming households) for the barangay and are reflected in the list of sample households for the next round.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questionnaire for Palay Production Survey (PPS) 2016 is written in English. It evolves from modifications in 2012 based on the commitment of making available to the public the reliable statistics in palay and continuous efforts in developing approaches and methodologies in estimating such statistics particularly improving the survey questionnaires. The Technical Working Group on Cereals Statistics of the Bureau reviewed simultaneously the PPS and CPS questionnaires and came up with sets of user-friendly survey instruments. The major features of the new PPS questionnaire are: shift from barangay level to farm level questionnaire i.e., from a maximum of five (5) households to one (1) household per questionnaire; change in questionnaire format; more detailed sample status categories; defined types of ecosystem; inclusion of items on labor inputs; and application of organic pesticides. This new questionnaire was used starting April 2012 survey round.

The questionnaire was divided into the following blocks: Block A - Sample identification Block B - Sample particulars Block C - Information on paddy (palay) harvested Block C.1 - Area, production, seed and irrigation information Block C.2 - Fertilizer usage Block C.3 - Pesticide usage Block C.4 - Labor inputs Block D - Palay production disposition (all ecosystem) Block E - Palay production forecast (on standing crop) Block F - Palay planting intentions Block G - Respondent's assessment of the household palay production Block H - Farmer's participation in rice program Block I - Statistical Researcher, Supervisor, PSO and Encoder Identfication

Cleaning operations

Prior to data encoding, the accomplished survey returns are manually edited and coded. Manual editing is checking of responses to the Palay Production Survey (PPS) questionnaire in terms of acceptability and validity. This activity aims at improving the quality of data collected by the SRs. It involves the checking of data items based on criteria like completeness of data, consistency with other data items and data ranges. Coding is the assignment of alpha-numeric codes to questionnaire items to facilitate encoding.

Encoded data are subjected to computerized editing using a customized editing program. The editing program take into consideration the validation criteria such as validity, completeness and consistency with other data items. This activity is done to capture invalid entries that were overlooked during manual editing. An error listing is produced as output of the process. The errors reflected in said lists are verified vis-à-vis the questionnaires. The data files are updated based on the corrections made. Editing and updating are performed iteratively until a clean, error-free data file is generated.

Completeness check is done to compare the data file against a master file of barangays to check if the sample barangays have been completely surveyed or not. This activity is done after a clean, error-free data file is generated.

Response rate

Average 85.0% across quaters - April 2016 Round, July 2016 Round, October 2016 Round and January 2017 Round.

Sampling error estimates

Not computed.

Data appraisal

To ensure the quality of its statistical services, the PSA has mainstreamed in its statistical system for generating production statistics, a quarterly data review and validation process. This is undertaken at the provincial, regional and national levels to incorporate the impact of events not captured in the survey.

The data review process starts at the data collection stage and continues up to the processing and tabulation of results. However, data examination is formalized during the provincial data review since it is at this stage where the data at the province-level is analyzed as a whole. The process involves analyzing the survey data in terms of completeness, consistency among variables, trend and concentration of the data and presence of extreme observations. Correction of spotted errors in the data is done afterwards. The output of the process is a clean data file used in the re-computation of survey estimates.

The estimates generated from the clean data set are thoroughly analyzed and validated with auxiliary information to incorporate the impact of information and events not captured by the survey. These information include results of the Monthly Palay and Corn Survey Reporting System (MPCSRS), historical data series, report on weather condition, area and crop condition, irrigation, levels of inputs usage, supply and demand, marketing of agricultural products, and information on rice and corn program implementation.