Among countries with the highest number of overseas Chinese on each continent, the largest Chinese diaspora community is living in Indonesia, numbering more than ten million people. Most of these people are descendants from migrants born in China, who have moved to Indonesia a long time ago. On the contrary, a large part of overseas Chinese living in Canada and Australia have arrived in these countries only during the last two decades. China as an emigration country Many Chinese people have emigrated from their home country in search of better living conditions and educational chances. The increasing number of Chinese emigrants has benefited from loosened migration policies. On the one hand, the attitude of the Chinese government towards emigration has changed significantly. Overseas Chinese are considered to be strong supporters for the overall strength of Chinese culture and international influence. On the other hand, migration policies in the United States and Canada are changing with time, expanding migration opportunities for non-European immigrants. As a result, China has become one of the world’s largest emigration countries as well as the country with the highest outflows of high net worth individuals. However, the mass emigration is causing a severe loss of homegrown talents and assets. The problem of talent and wealth outflow has raised pressing questions to the Chinese government, and a solution to this issue is yet to be determined. Popular destinations among Chinese emigrants Over the last decades, English speaking developed countries have been popular destinations for Chinese emigrants. In 2022 alone, the number of people from China naturalized as U.S. citizens had amounted to over 27,000 people, while nearly 68,000 had obtained legal permanent resident status as “green card” recipients. Among other popular immigration destinations for Chinese riches are Canada, Australia, Europe, and Singapore.

This graph shows the population distribution of Chinese people living abroad in 2013 and 2023, by continent, according to official Taiwanese sources. By the end of 2023, around 2.44 million people of Chinese birth or descent who were living overseas were living in Europe. The figures of the source are in most cases higher - in some cases considerably higher - than figures published by the UN, as not only first generation migrants are included, but also their descendants.

China foreign direct investment for 2023 was 42.73 billion US dollars, a 77.54% decline from 2022.

<ul style='margin-top:20px;'>

<li>China foreign direct investment for 2022 was <strong>190.20 billion US dollars</strong>, a <strong>44.72% decline</strong> from 2021.</li>
<li>China foreign direct investment for 2021 was <strong>344.07 billion US dollars</strong>, a <strong>35.95% increase</strong> from 2020.</li>
<li>China foreign direct investment for 2020 was <strong>253.10 billion US dollars</strong>, a <strong>35.22% increase</strong> from 2019.</li>
</ul>Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in the reporting economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

This statistic depicts the volume of foreign direct investments (FDI) of China in 2023, broken down by major country or region. In 2023, about *** billion U.S. dollars worth of direct investments from China had been made in the Virgin Islands.

As of 2022, the European country with the most citizens of the People's Republic of China was Italy, with around 300,000 people. Spain also hosted a substantial number of Chinese nationals at roughly 193,000 people. These figures are likely to underestimate the number of people who were born in China or are of Chinese ancestry, as many of these immigrants receive the citizenship of the European country which they migrated to after living there for a period of time, and the People's Republic of China does not allow its citizens to hold dual citizenship.

China immigration statistics for 2015 was 978,046, a 15.08% increase from 2010.

<ul style='margin-top:20px;'>

<li>China immigration statistics for 2010 was <strong>849,861</strong>, a <strong>25.17% increase</strong> from 2005.</li>
<li>China immigration statistics for 2005 was <strong>678,947</strong>, a <strong>33.64% increase</strong> from 2000.</li>
<li>China immigration statistics for 2000 was <strong>508,034</strong>, a <strong>14.89% increase</strong> from 1995.</li>
</ul>International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data.

Foreign Exchange Reserves in China increased to 3285000 USD Million in May from 3282000 USD Million in April of 2025. This dataset provides - China Foreign Exchange Reserves - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The Global Investment Report 2023 revealed that after a sharp decline in 2020 and a strong rebound in 2021, global foreign direct investment (FDI) declined by 12 percent to $1.3 trillion in 2022. However, in developing countries, FDI increased by 4% to $916 billion, a record share of more than 70% of global flows. The number of greenfield investment projects in developing countries increased by 37 percent and international project finance transactions by 5 percent. Foreign investment from China, the second largest recipient of foreign investment globally, increased by 5 percent. The service industry has become the mainstream industry in the global FDI structure. The global industry is accelerating its transformation to a "service-based economy," international FDI in productive service industries has become an essential means of industrial transfer in developed countries and a meaningful way to upgrade the industrial structure and high-quality development in emerging economies. As a representative province in central China, Hubei Province has unique advantages in human capital, factor cost, and market potential, which provide preferential conditions to attract foreign investment. This paper first introduced the concept of the productive service industry, based on the relevant statistical data from 2011 to 2022, focused on the current situation of foreign investment utilization in five major sub-sectors of the productive service industry in Hubei Province in the past ten years, and empirically investigated the impact of foreign investment utilization in five major sub-sectors of the productive service industry on the economic growth of Hubei Province, and obtained that the level of foreign investment attraction varied significantly among the regions in Hubei Province. The three productive service industries, namely transportation, storage and postal services, information transmission, software and information technology services, and financial services, played a significant role in the active attraction and optimal utilization of foreign capital and the economic development of Hubei Province. Based on this, it was proposed to build a market-oriented rule of law and internationalized business environment, improve the infrastructure construction in different regions of the province, focus on the training of professional talents for the development of productive service industries, and pay attention to the improvement of independent innovation capacity.

China's total Exports in 2024 were valued at US$3.58 Trillion, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. China's main export partners were: the United States, Hong Kong and Vietnam. The top three export commodities were: Electrical, electronic equipment; Machinery, nuclear reactors, boilers and Vehicles other than railway, tramway. Total Imports were valued at US$2.59 Trillion. In 2024, China had a trade surplus of US$991.41 Billion.

External Claims: Singapore: Banks: Foreign Currency data was reported at 631,346.000 HKD mn in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 673,860.000 HKD mn for Mar 2018. External Claims: Singapore: Banks: Foreign Currency data is updated monthly, averaging 286,542.000 HKD mn from Dec 1990 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 191 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 678,124.000 HKD mn in Sep 2008 and a record low of 151,569.000 HKD mn in Jun 1993. External Claims: Singapore: Banks: Foreign Currency data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Hong Kong Monetary Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Hong Kong SAR – Table HK.JB013: External Liabilities and Claims: Five Major Countries.

Graph and download economic data for Geographical Outreach: Number of Branches in 3 Largest Cities, Excluding Headquarters, for Other Deposit Takers for China, P.R.: Mainland (CHNFCBODDLNUM) from 2012 to 2015 about branches and China.

In 2019, the highest number of newly contracted foreign direct investment (FDI) projects in major cities in China had been attracted by Shanghai, amounting to approximately 6,800 projects. The value of FDI actually used in Shanghai reached about 19 billion U.S. dollars that year.

In 2018, students from 196 different countries and regions were studying in China. The highest number of students came from South Korea amounting to 50,600, while only 20,996 students came from the United States.

International students in China

The total number of foreign students in China increased steadily over recent years and reached more than 490,000 in 2018. That was roughly double as much as ten years ago and made China one of the leading host destinations for international students. Looking at their origins in terms of global regions reveals that by far the largest share of students come from Asia, while the Americas and Europe together accounted for only slightly more than 22 percent of all students in 2018. While the share of students from Western countries has been shrinking steadily in recent years, more and more students from Asia and Africa were attracted to study in China. Regarding the United States, the figures interestingly not only decreased in relation to other regions, but also in total numbers. In contrast, students particularly from Africa are increasingly able and willing to study in China, and numbers from countries participating in China's Belt and Road Initiative displayed the highest growth rates over recent years.

Student situation

Regarding the financial situation of international students in China, most of them were either self-funded or receiving a scholarship from foreign institutions. However, the number of students supported by the Chinese government increased considerably over the last ten years, with a growing number of scholarships granted to students from developing countries. Preferred universities for study were either located in the two most developed cities Beijing and Shanghai, or in the eastern and southern coastal regions of China.

As China’s outwards foreign direct investment (OFDI) has grown dramatically, the environmental impact of the production activities of Chinese multinational enterprises (MNEs) has received substantial attention. Using a multiregional input-output model reflecting firm heterogeneity, this study measures the carbon footprint (CF) and value-added (VA) of Chinese MNEs’ foreign affiliates to quantify the trade-off between economic benefits and environmental damage. The results show that Chinese MNEs’ affiliates’ CF is not large but grows quickly, mainly driven by investment and scale effects. The CF of foreign affiliates is primarily distributed in resource-intensive countries. The economic-environmental effect of Chinese MNEs’ foreign affiliates is heterogeneous across countries and sectors. The best performance is found in the manufacturing sectors of most developing countries, with the worst performance in the service sectors of developed countries. Chinese MNEs’ affiliates can transfer clean technology from developed host countries to China through reverse technology spillovers.

Hong Kong External Liabilities: China: Banks: Foreign Currency data was reported at 708,720.392 HKD mn in Aug 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 682,661.965 HKD mn for Jul 2018. Hong Kong External Liabilities: China: Banks: Foreign Currency data is updated monthly, averaging 196,364.000 HKD mn from Dec 1990 (Median) to Aug 2018, with 307 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 764,556.638 HKD mn in Jul 2017 and a record low of 59,840.000 HKD mn in Mar 1991. Hong Kong External Liabilities: China: Banks: Foreign Currency data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Hong Kong Monetary Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Hong Kong – Table HK.JB013: External Liabilities and Claims: Five Major Countries.

The Chinese Big Data market presents a compelling investment landscape, projected to experience robust growth. With a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 30% from 2019 to 2033, the market's value is expected to surge significantly. Several key drivers fuel this expansion. The burgeoning digital economy in China, coupled with increasing government initiatives promoting data-driven decision-making across sectors, is creating substantial demand for big data solutions. Furthermore, advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are inextricably linked to big data, fostering innovation and creating new applications across diverse industries, including BFSI, healthcare, retail, and manufacturing. The adoption of cloud-based big data solutions is accelerating, offering scalability and cost-effectiveness for businesses of all sizes. However, challenges remain, including data security concerns, a lack of skilled professionals, and the need for robust data governance frameworks. These restraints, while present, are not expected to significantly impede the overall market trajectory given the substantial opportunities and government support.
The market segmentation reveals diverse investment avenues. The cloud deployment model is projected to dominate due to its advantages, while the large enterprise segment presents the largest revenue pool. Within solutions, customer analytics, fraud detection, and predictive maintenance are currently high-growth areas, offering attractive ROI. Geographically, China itself represents a significant portion of the market, although international players are also gaining traction. Considering the robust CAGR and the diverse segments, strategic investments targeting cloud-based solutions, AI-powered analytics, and specific industry verticals (like BFSI and healthcare) hold significant promise for high returns. Careful consideration of regulatory landscapes and data privacy regulations is crucial for successful investment strategies within this dynamic market. Investment Opportunities of Big Data Technology in China This comprehensive report analyzes the burgeoning investment opportunities within China's Big Data Technology sector, offering a detailed forecast from 2019-2033. The report utilizes 2025 as its base and estimated year, covering the historical period (2019-2024) and forecasting market trends from 2025-2033. It delves into market dynamics, key players, and emerging trends shaping this rapidly expanding industry. This report is crucial for investors, businesses, and analysts seeking to understand and capitalize on the immense potential of China's big data market. Recent developments include: November 2022 - Alibaba announced the Innovative upgrade, and Greener 11.11 runs wholly on Alibaba Cloud, whereas Alibaba Cloud's dedicated processing unit powered 11.11 for the Apsara Cloud operating system. The upgraded infrastructure system significantly improved the efficiency of computing, storage, etc., October 2022 - Huawei Technologies Co.has unveiled its 4-in-1 hyper-converged enterprise gateway NetEngine AR5710, delved into the latest CloudCampus 3.0 + Simplified Solution, and launched a series of products for large enterprises and Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs). With these new offerings, Huawei aims to help enterprises simplify their campus networks and maximize digital productivity.. Key drivers for this market are: 6.1 Data Explosion: Unstructured, Semi-structured and Complex6.2 Improvement in Algorithm Development6.3 Need for Customer Analytics. Potential restraints include: 7.1 Lack of General Awareness And Expertise7.2 Data Security Concerns. Notable trends are: Need for Customer Analytics to Increase Exponentially Driving the Market Growth.

Hong Kong External Claims: China: Banks: Foreign Currency data was reported at 1,972,590.851 HKD mn in Aug 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,863,280.060 HKD mn for Jul 2018. Hong Kong External Claims: China: Banks: Foreign Currency data is updated monthly, averaging 245,178.615 HKD mn from Dec 1990 (Median) to Aug 2018, with 307 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,844,294.000 HKD mn in Jun 2014 and a record low of 48,180.000 HKD mn in Dec 1990. Hong Kong External Claims: China: Banks: Foreign Currency data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Hong Kong Monetary Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Hong Kong SAR – Table HK.JB013: External Liabilities and Claims: Five Major Countries.

China's total Imports in 2024 were valued at US$2.59 Trillion, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. China's main import partners were: South Korea, the United States and Japan. The top three import commodities were: Electrical, electronic equipment; Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products and Ores slag and ash. Total Exports were valued at US$3.58 Trillion. In 2024, China had a trade surplus of US$991.41 Billion.

Hong Kong External Claims: Banks: Foreign Currency data was reported at 6,888,511.629 HKD mn in Aug 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 6,769,620.913 HKD mn for Jul 2018. Hong Kong External Claims: Banks: Foreign Currency data is updated monthly, averaging 2,826,894.381 HKD mn from Dec 1990 (Median) to Aug 2018, with 307 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,174,176.353 HKD mn in Jan 2018 and a record low of 2,110,578.000 HKD mn in Dec 1993. Hong Kong External Claims: Banks: Foreign Currency data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Hong Kong Monetary Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Hong Kong SAR – Table HK.JB013: External Liabilities and Claims: Five Major Countries.

The Freight Transport by Sea industry in China is mainly engaged in shipping exported items to their destination countries and territories from China and shipping imported items from other countries. Therefore, the industry's performance is extremely sensitive to the global economic climate as well as situation of China economy, as these determine the international trade between China and other countries.China has been the largest country in goods trade since 2017. In 2023, total import and export value of goods in China reached $5.9 trillion, down by 5.0% from 2022, ranking the first in the world for seven consecutive years despite the decrease. Largest international trade scale has stimulated the demand for ocean shipping services. Industry revenue is expected to increase at an annualized 5.8% over the five years through 2024. This includes anticipated increase of 8.1% in the current year, to $59.7 billion, mainly due to the low freight rates.The freight transportation volume by sea in China in 2020 and 2022 has increased by 0.6% and 2.2% year on year, mainly due to the repeated COVID-19 pandemic in China. However, the efficiency of global logistics turnover has decreased due to the prevention and control measures of COVID-19 pandemic. Freight rates have stayed high since the second half year of 2020 resulted by the serious congestions in some ports and short supply of container positions. Industry revenue realized year-on-year growth of 19.8% in 2020, 88.3% in 2021 and 13.4% in 2022. Freight rates have dropped dramatically in 2023, leading to a decrease in industry revenue, by 52.1% from 2022.Industry revenue is forecast to rise at an annualized 8.1% over the five years through 2029, to $88.1 billion. The recovery of China's economy and the largest international trade scale between China and other countries will continue to support the industry growth. The implementation of RCEP will also stimulate international trade between China and member countries, and further promote the demand for ocean shipping services.