In Poland, the crude birth rate in 1800 was 43.6 live births per thousand people, meaning that approximately 4.4 percent of the population had been born in that year. Throughout Poland's history, including the area of modern-day Poland that did not exist as a state until 1918, the crude birth rate has gradually decreased over the past 220 years, however it did fluctuate greatly over this period. In the nineteenth century, modern-day Poland was a part of many other states and empires, such as Austria, Germany, Lithuania and Russia, and the crude birth rate fluctuated between 38 and 48 throughout this period. In the twentieth century, Poland's crude birth rate declined, particularly before and during both World Wars, and in both cases there was a baby boom in the aftermath of the war. The rate did grow in the 1970s and 80s, however the fall of communism in 1989 caused the birth rate to drop again, reaching its lowest point of 9.4 in 2005. Since 2005, the crude birth rate has increased above ten again, but is expected to drop to 9.9 in 2020.