According to the Polish Statistical Office, there were over **** million inhabitants in Poland in 2024, a decrease of *** percent compared to the previous year.

In 2023, the population of Poland was over 37.6 million, the majority of who were living in the urban areas.

In 2023, the population of Poland was over **** million, the majority of whom were women. During this period, there were **** million more women than men in the country.

Poland Population: Annual data was reported at 37,489.000 Person th in 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 37,637.000 Person th for 2023. Poland Population: Annual data is updated yearly, averaging 37,340.467 Person th from Dec 1946 (Median) to 2024, with 79 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 38,538.000 Person th in 2011 and a record low of 23,640.000 Person th in 1946. Poland Population: Annual data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Poland. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.G001: Population.

Key information about Poland population

• The Poland population reached 37.5 million people in Dec 2024, compared with the previously reported figure of 37.6 million people in Dec 2023
• The data reached an all-time high of 38.5 million people in Dec 2011 and a record low of 23.6 million people in Dec 1946

• In the latest reports, Poland Unemployment Rate increased to 5.4 % in Jan 2025
• Monthly earnings of the Poland population was 2,162.8 USD in Dec 2024
• Poland Labour Force Participation Rate increased to 58.6 % in Sep 2024

Poland Population: Male data was reported at 18,583,636.000 Person in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 18,593,175.000 Person for Dec 2017. Poland Population: Male data is updated semiannually, averaging 18,416,000.000 Person from Dec 1946 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 88 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18,654,577.000 Person in Dec 2011 and a record low of 11,053,000.000 Person in Dec 1946. Poland Population: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistical Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.G001: Population.

Poland's natural population increase fluctuated over the period observed. In 2023, it declined by nearly 137,000.

Poland Population: Female data was reported at 19,829,503.000 Person in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 19,840,383.000 Person for Dec 2017. Poland Population: Female data is updated semiannually, averaging 19,496,500.000 Person from Dec 1946 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 88 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 19,883,965.000 Person in Dec 2012 and a record low of 12,490,000.000 Person in Dec 1947. Poland Population: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistical Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.G001: Population.

This statistic shows the total population of men and women in Poland from 1900 until 2020. When this graph begins in 1900, Poland was not a united and independent country, and was split between the Austro-Hungarian, German and Russian empires. Poland eventually became a state in 1918, after the events of the First World War, however it's borders were further to the east than they are today. This statistic shows the populations of Poland within todays borders, and from it we can see that the population of men and women were relatively similar at 12.5 and 12.6 million respectively. In the inter-war years the difference in the number of men and women grew as a result of the First World War and the subsequent conflict to the east, where there were approximately 0.9 million more women.

The next entries in the graph come in 1946, where Poland's population falls to 23.9 million. The number of men falls by almost 5 million and the number of women falls by over 3.5 million. Poland was one of the most devastated countries during the Second World War, due to it's location it was the staging ground for much of the violence during Germany's war against Russia, and the civilian population was devastated during both occupations. With up to 5.8 million total deaths, approximately 17 percent of the total Polish population died during the Second World War, which is a higher proportion than any other country involved in the war.

After the war, Poland's population grew from 1946 onwards until the turn of the century, the difference in the number of men and women remained at around one million people, and the total population exceeded its pre-war levels in the late 1960s. Like many other Eastern European countries, with the fall of the iron curtain in the early 1990s, the population had greater freedom of movement and growth began to slow. By 2000 the population growth was declining, the number of men was and women were at 18.7 and 19.4 million respectively, and both populations then fell by 2015, with the number of men declining at a slightly faster rate than the number of women.

Poland Population: Urban: Female data was reported at 12,148,520.000 Person in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 12,155,169.000 Person for Dec 2017. Poland Population: Urban: Female data is updated semiannually, averaging 12,151,844.500 Person from Dec 1946 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 88 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12,409,747.000 Person in Dec 1999 and a record low of 4,417,000.000 Person in Dec 1946. Poland Population: Urban: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistical Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.G002: Population: Urban.

Poland Population: Urban data was reported at 23,095,195.000 Person in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 23,109,253.000 Person for Dec 2017. Poland Population: Urban data is updated semiannually, averaging 21,413,003.000 Person from Jun 1946 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 144 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23,700,550.000 Person in Dec 1999 and a record low of 7,744,000.000 Person in Jun 1946. Poland Population: Urban data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistical Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.G002: Population: Urban.

Poland Population: Urban: Male data was reported at 10,946,675.000 Person in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 10,954,084.000 Person for Dec 2017. Poland Population: Urban: Male data is updated semiannually, averaging 10,963,892.500 Person from Dec 1946 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 88 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11,352,000.000 Person in Dec 1991 and a record low of 3,626,000.000 Person in Dec 1946. Poland Population: Urban: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistical Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.G002: Population: Urban.

The Holocaust was the systematic extermination of Europe's Jewish population in the Second World War, during which time, up to six million Jews were murdered as part of Nazi Germany's "Final Solution to the Jewish Question". In the context of the Second World War, the term "Holocaust" is traditionally used to reference the genocide of Europe's Jews, although this coincided with the Nazi regime's genocide and ethnic cleansing of an additional eleven million people deemed "undesirable" due to their ethnicity, beliefs, disability or sexuality (among others). During the Holocaust, Poland's Jewish population suffered the largest number of fatalities, with approximately three million deaths. Additionally, at least one million Jews were murdered in the Soviet Union, while Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands and Yugoslavia also lost the majority of their respective pre-war Jewish populations. The Holocaust in Poland In the interwar period, Europe's Jewish population was concentrated in the east, with roughly one third living in Poland; this can be traced back to the Middle Ages, when thousands of Jews flocked to Eastern Europe to escape persecution. At the outbreak of the Second World War, it is estimated that there were 3.4 million Jews living in Poland, which was approximately ten percent of the total population. Following the German invasion of Poland, Nazi authorities then segregated Jews in ghettos across most large towns and cities, and expanded their network of concentration camps throughout the country. In the ghettos, civilians were deprived of food, and hundreds of thousands died due to disease and starvation; while prison labor was implemented under extreme conditions in concentration camps to fuel the German war effort. In Poland, six extermination camps were also operational between December 1941 and January 1945, which saw the mass extermination of approximately 2.7 million people over the next three years (including many non-Poles, imported from other regions of Europe). While concentration camps housed prisoners of all backgrounds, extermination camps were purpose-built for the elimination of the Jewish race, and over 90% of their victims were Jewish. The majority of the victims in these extermination camps were executed by poison gas, although disease, starvation and overworking were also common causes of death. In addition to the camps and ghettos, SS death squads (Einsatzgruppen) and local collaborators also committed widespread atrocities across Eastern Europe. While the majority of these atrocities took place in the Balkan, Baltic and Soviet regions, they were still prevalent in Poland (particularly during the liquidation of the ghettos), and the Einsatzgruppen alone are estimated to have killed up to 1.3 million Jews throughout the Holocaust. By early 1945, Soviet forces had largely expelled the German armies from Poland and liberated the concentration and extermination camps; by this time, Poland had lost roughly ninety percent of its pre-war Jewish population, and suffered approximately three million further civilian and military deaths. By 1991, Poland's Jewish population was estimated to be just 15 thousand people, while there were fewer than two thousand Jews recorded as living in Poland in 2018.

Poland Population: Rural data was reported at 15,317,944.000 Person in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 15,324,305.000 Person for Dec 2017. Poland Population: Rural data is updated semiannually, averaging 15,164,249.000 Person from Jun 1946 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 144 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16,023,000.000 Person in Jun 1946 and a record low of 14,496,000.000 Person in Dec 1991. Poland Population: Rural data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistical Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.G003: Population: Rural.

In 2023, women in Poland accounted for nearly **** percent of the total population, while men accounted for ** percent. The population in Poland in 2023 totaled **** million people. Population of Poland in different fields In 2023, the population of Poland was over **** million, the majority of who were living in urban areas. The diagram shows that the number of people of post-working age is steadily increasing and the number of children aged zero to two is decreasing. Moreover, the number of young people between ** and ** is steadily declining. In 2022, there were *** million young people, a decrease of nearly ***** million from 2002. On the other hand, most of Poland’s population lived in urban areas. Death rate in Poland The mortality rate in Poland in 2021 amounted to a record **** deaths per thousand population, marking an increase compared to the previous year due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The death rate in the country was historically higher among the rural population. More than ** deaths per 1,000 population were recorded in cities of Poland in 2023. In the countryside, the mortality rate amounted to ** deaths per 1,000 people in the same year. In both types of areas, the death rates increased compared to the previous year. On the other hand, cardiovascular disease was the most common cause of death in 2022. Due to this disease, the death rate was *** people per 100,000 inhabitants, a decrease from the previous year.

In 2023, more deaths than births were recorded in Poland, a significant change in the observed period. Since 2017, the natural population increase has been negative.

The number of deaths per 1,000 residents in Poland increased during the observed period. The highest death rate occurred in 2021 (**** marriages per 1,000 residents). In 2023, the rate was **** deaths.

The number of live births per 1,000 residents in Poland decreased significantly during the observed period. The highest birth rate occurred in 1951 (** births per 1,000 residents). In 2023, the rate was *** births.

Polens Bevölkerung belief sich im 2024 auf 37.5 Person mn. Dies stellt einen Rückgang im Vergleich zu den vorherigen Zahlen von 37.6 Person mn für 2023 dar. Polens Bevölkerung werden jährlich aktualisiert, mit einem Durchschnitt von 37.3 Person mn von 1946 bis 2024, mit 79 Beobachtungen. Die Daten erreichten ein Allzeithoch in Höhe von 38.5 Person mn im 2011 und ein Rekordtief in Höhe von 23.6 Person mn im 1946. Polens Bevölkerung Daten behalten den Aktiv-Status in CEIC und werden von CEIC Data gemeldet. Die Daten werden unter World Trend Pluss Global Economic Monitor – Table: Population: Annual kategorisiert.

The number of marriages per 1,000 residents in Poland decreased significantly during the observed period. The highest marriage rate occurred in 1948 (13 marriages per 1,000 residents). In 2023, the rate was 3.9 marriages. In contrast, the number of divorces increased from 0.3 in 1946 to 1.5 per 1,000 residents in 2023.