The statistic shows the total population of India from 2019 to 2029. In 2023, the estimated total population in India amounted to approximately 1.43 billion people.

Total population in India

India currently has the second-largest population in the world and is projected to overtake top-ranking China within forty years. Its residents comprise more than one-seventh of the entire world’s population, and despite a slowly decreasing fertility rate (which still exceeds the replacement rate and keeps the median age of the population relatively low), an increasing life expectancy adds to an expanding population. In comparison with other countries whose populations are decreasing, such as Japan, India has a relatively small share of aged population, which indicates the probability of lower death rates and higher retention of the existing population.

With a land mass of less than half that of the United States and a population almost four times greater, India has recognized potential problems of its growing population. Government attempts to implement family planning programs have achieved varying degrees of success. Initiatives such as sterilization programs in the 1970s have been blamed for creating general antipathy to family planning, but the combined efforts of various family planning and contraception programs have helped halve fertility rates since the 1960s. The population growth rate has correspondingly shrunk as well, but has not yet reached less than one percent growth per year.

As home to thousands of ethnic groups, hundreds of languages, and numerous religions, a cohesive and broadly-supported effort to reduce population growth is difficult to create. Despite that, India is one country to watch in coming years. It is also a growing economic power; among other measures, its GDP per capita was expected to triple between 2003 and 2013 and was listed as the third-ranked country for its share of the global gross domestic product.

The share of projected population increase in Uttar Pradesh, India from 2011 until 2036 is expected to grow by nearly 20 percent. By contrast, the estimated population increase in Uttarakhand is expected to be less than one percent during the same time period.

Why project population?
Population projections for a country are becoming increasingly important now than ever before. They are used primarily by government policy makers and planners to better understand and gauge future demand for basic services that predominantly include water, food and energy. In addition, they also support in indicating major movements that may affect economic development and in turn, employment and labour productivity. Consequently, this leads to amending policies in order to better adapt to the needs of society and to various circumstances.

Demographic projections and health interventions Demographic figures serve the foremost purpose of improving health and health related services among the population. Some of the government interventions include antenatal and neonatal care with the aim of reducing maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity rates. In addition, it also focuses on improving immunization coverage across the country. Further, demographic estimates help in better preempting the needs of growing populations, such as the geriatric population within a country.

Explore the Saudi Arabia World Development Indicators dataset , including key indicators such as Access to clean fuels, Adjusted net enrollment rate, CO2 emissions, and more. Find valuable insights and trends for Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, China, and India.

Indicator, Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, rural (% of rural population), Access to electricity (% of population), Adjusted net enrollment rate, primary, female (% of primary school age children), Adjusted net national income (annual % growth), Adjusted savings: education expenditure (% of GNI), Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (current US$), Adjusted savings: natural resources depletion (% of GNI), Adjusted savings: net national savings (current US$), Adolescents out of school (% of lower secondary school age), Adolescents out of school, female (% of female lower secondary school age), Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population), Agricultural methane emissions (% of total), Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current US$), Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added per worker (constant 2015 US$), Alternative and nuclear energy (% of total energy use), Annualized average growth rate in per capita real survey mean consumption or income, total population (%), Arms exports (SIPRI trend indicator values), Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values), Average working hours of children, working only, ages 7-14 (hours per week), Average working hours of children, working only, male, ages 7-14 (hours per week), Cause of death, by injury (% of total), Cereal yield (kg per hectare), Changes in inventories (current US$), Chemicals (% of value added in manufacturing), Child employment in agriculture (% of economically active children ages 7-14), Child employment in manufacturing, female (% of female economically active children ages 7-14), Child employment in manufacturing, male (% of male economically active children ages 7-14), Child employment in services (% of economically active children ages 7-14), Child employment in services, female (% of female economically active children ages 7-14), Children (ages 0-14) newly infected with HIV, Children in employment, study and work (% of children in employment, ages 7-14), Children in employment, unpaid family workers (% of children in employment, ages 7-14), Children in employment, wage workers (% of children in employment, ages 7-14), Children out of school, primary, Children out of school, primary, male, Claims on other sectors of the domestic economy (annual growth as % of broad money), CO2 emissions (kg per 2015 US$ of GDP), CO2 emissions (kt), CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services (% of total fuel combustion), CO2 emissions from transport (% of total fuel combustion), Communications, computer, etc. (% of service exports, BoP), Condom use, population ages 15-24, female (% of females ages 15-24), Container port traffic (TEU: 20 foot equivalent units), Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49), Control of Corruption: Estimate, Control of Corruption: Percentile Rank, Upper Bound of 90% Confidence Interval, Control of Corruption: Standard Error, Coverage of social insurance programs in 4th quintile (% of population), CPIA building human resources rating (1=low to 6=high), CPIA debt policy rating (1=low to 6=high), CPIA policies for social inclusion/equity cluster average (1=low to 6=high), CPIA public sector management and institutions cluster average (1=low to 6=high), CPIA quality of budgetary and financial management rating (1=low to 6=high), CPIA transparency, accountability, and corruption in the public sector rating (1=low to 6=high), Current education expenditure, secondary (% of total expenditure in secondary public institutions), DEC alternative conversion factor (LCU per US$), Deposit interest rate (%), Depth of credit information index (0=low to 8=high), Diarrhea treatment (% of children under 5 who received ORS packet), Discrepancy in expenditure estimate of GDP (current LCU), Domestic private health expenditure per capita, PPP (current international $), Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009), Educational attainment, at least Bachelor's or equivalent, population 25+, female (%) (cumulative), Educational attainment, at least Bachelor's or equivalent, population 25+, male (%) (cumulative), Educational attainment, at least completed lower secondary, population 25+, female (%) (cumulative), Educational attainment, at least completed primary, population 25+ years, total (%) (cumulative), Educational attainment, at least Master's or equivalent, population 25+, male (%) (cumulative), Educational attainment, at least Master's or equivalent, population 25+, total (%) (cumulative), Electricity production from coal sources (% of total), Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total), Employers, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate), Employment in industry (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate), Employment in services, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate), Employment to population ratio, 15+, male (%) (modeled ILO estimate), Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%) (national estimate), Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), Export unit value index (2015 = 100), Exports of goods and services (% of GDP), Exports of goods, services and primary income (BoP, current US$), External debt stocks (% of GNI), External health expenditure (% of current health expenditure), Female primary school age children out-of-school (%), Female share of employment in senior and middle management (%), Final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$), Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (% of firms), Firms experiencing losses due to theft and vandalism (% of firms), Firms formally registered when operations started (% of firms), Fixed broadband subscriptions, Fixed telephone subscriptions (per 100 people), Foreign direct investment, net outflows (% of GDP), Forest area (% of land area), Forest area (sq. km), Forest rents (% of GDP), GDP growth (annual %), GDP per capita (constant LCU), GDP per unit of energy use (PPP $ per kg of oil equivalent), GDP, PPP (constant 2017 international $), General government final consumption expenditure (current LCU), GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent), GNI growth (annual %), GNI per capita (constant LCU), GNI, PPP (current international $), Goods and services expense (current LCU), Government Effectiveness: Percentile Rank, Government Effectiveness: Percentile Rank, Lower Bound of 90% Confidence Interval, Government Effectiveness: Standard Error, Gross capital formation (annual % growth), Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$), Gross capital formation (current LCU), Gross fixed capital formation, private sector (% of GDP), Gross intake ratio in first grade of primary education, male (% of relevant age group), Gross intake ratio in first grade of primary education, total (% of relevant age group), Gross national expenditure (current LCU), Gross national expenditure (current US$), Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (constant LCU), Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (current US$), Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure, PPP (constant 2017 international $), Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure: linked series (current LCU), Human capital index (HCI) (scale 0-1), Human capital index (HCI), male (scale 0-1), Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months), Import value index (2015 = 100), Imports of goods and services (% of GDP), Incidence of HIV, ages 15-24 (per 1,000 uninfected population ages 15-24), Incidence of HIV, all (per 1,000 uninfected population), Income share held by highest 20%, Income share held by lowest 20%, Income share held by third 20%, Individuals using the Internet (% of population), Industry (including construction), value added (constant LCU), Informal payments to public officials (% of firms), Intentional homicides, male (per 100,000 male), Interest payments (% of expense), Interest rate spread (lending rate minus deposit rate, %), Internally displaced persons, new displacement associated with conflict and violence (number of cases), International tourism, expenditures for passenger transport items (current US$), International tourism, expenditures for travel items (current US$), Investment in energy with private participation (current US$), Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) (modeled ILO estimate), Development

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Excel sheet of the dataset

Owing to its high copy number and its small size, mtDNA analysis is the most reliable choice when biological materials from crime scenes are degraded or have mixed STR profiles. To examine the occurrence of heteroplasmy along with its frequency and pattern in both HV1 and HV2 regions of the mtDNA among unrelated individuals from India. Mitochondrial DNA control region [hypervariable region one (HV1) and hypervariable region two (HV2)] were analysed in blood and buccal tissues of 104 unrelated individuals from the Indian state of Gujarat. A high frequency of point heteroplasmy (PH) and length heteroplasmy (LH) was revealed. PH was detected in 7.69% of the population, with a higher frequency observed in blood than in buccal samples. However, there were no statistically significant differences in PH between the two tissues (Chi-square = 0.552, p ≥ 0.05). A total of six PH positions were detected: three at HV1, and another three at HV2. The studied population showed 46.15% LH in the HV1 and HV2 regions of both tissues. The LH positions observed in the Gujarat population were the same as those previously reported at HV1 np16184–16193 and HV2 np303–315. Our findings suggest that differences in the pattern of heteroplasmy found in different tissues can complicate the forensic analysis, on the other hand, the probability of a match between the questioned and reference samples increases when the heteroplasmy is identical in both tissues. Variability of PH among persons and even within tissues recommends analysing multiple tissue samples before drawing a conclusion in forensic mtDNA analyses.

The graph shows the population growth in China from 2000 to 2024. In 2024, the Chinese population decreased by about 0.1 percent or 1.39 million to around 1.408 billion people. Declining population growth in China Due to strict birth control measures by the Chinese government as well as changing family and work situations of the Chinese people, population growth has subsided over the past decades. Although the gradual abolition of the one-child policy from 2014 on led to temporarily higher birth figures, growth rates further decreased in recent years. As of 2024, leading countries in population growth could almost exclusively be found on the African continent and the Arabian Peninsula. Nevertheless, as of mid 2024, Asia ranked first by a wide margin among the continents in terms of absolute population. Future development of Chinese population The Chinese population reached a maximum of 1,412.6 million people in 2021 but decreased by 850,000 in 2022 and another 2.08 million in 2023. Until 2022, China had still ranked the world’s most populous country, but it was overtaken by India in 2023. Apart from the population decrease, a clear growth trend in Chinese cities is visible. By 2024, around 67 percent of Chinese people lived in urban areas, compared to merely 36 percent in 2000.

Life in contemporary cities is often dangerous for stray cats, with strikingly low survival rates. In several countries, trap-neuter-return (TNR) programs have been employed to control urban stray cat populations. Management of stray cats in urban environments is not just about applying scientific solutions, but also identifying approaches that align with local cultural and ethical values. India has an estimated 9.1 million stray cats. TNR presents as a potential method for stray cat management in India, while also improving their welfare. Yet, to date, there has been no academic exploration on Indian residents’ attitudes towards stray cats. We conducted a survey in 13 cities in India reaching 763 residents, examining interactions with stray cats, negative and positive attitudes towards them, attitudes towards managing their population, and awareness of TNR. Results show a high rate of stray cat sightings and interactions. While most respondents believed that stray cats had a right to welfare, the majority held negative attitudes towards and had negative interactions with them. There was widespread lack of awareness about TNR, but, when described, there was a high degree of support. Gathering insights into opinions about stray cats, and the sociodemographic factors that impact these opinions, is an important first step to developing policies and initiatives to manage stray cat populations.

Striped snakehead (Channa striata) is a freshwater species of early Miocene period belonging to family Channidae. The genetic variability of the snakehead populations in India was not well known. Present study was undertaken using 149 sequences of control region of mitochondrial DNA from seven geographically distinct populations of Indian water, which resulted in 46 haplotypes with 137 variable nucleotide sites (60 singletons and 77 parsimony informative) and the nucleotide frequencies was: A = 33.0, T = 28.1, G = 15.4, and C = 23.5%. The presence of low-frequency of younger haplotypes with a large number of singletons indicates the absence of dominant haplotype. Hierarchical AMOVA showed highly significant genetic differentiation (FST = 0.56, p 

To control the spread of COVID-19 in India and to aid the efforts of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW), the Population Council and other non-governmental organizations are conducting research to assess residents’ ability to follow sanitation and social distancing precautions under a countrywide lockdown. The Population Council COVID-19 study team is implementing rapid phone-based surveys to collect information on knowledge, attitudes and practices, as well as needs, among 2,041 young people (ages 19–23 years) and/or an adult household member, sampled from an existing prospective cohort study with a total sample size of 20,594 in Bihar (n=10,433) and Uttar Pradesh (n=10,161). Baseline was conducted from April 3–22; subsequent iterations of the survey are planned to be conducted on a monthly basis. Baseline findings on awareness of COVID-19 symptoms, perceived risk, awareness of and ability to carry out preventive behaviors, misconceptions, and fears will inform the development of government and other stakeholders’ interventions and/or strategies. We are committed to openly sharing the latest versions of the study description, questionnaires, de-identified or aggregated datasets, and preliminary results. Data and findings can also be shared with partners working on the COVID-19 response.

Demographic characteristics of respondents in Panchkula, India, 2016.

Differences in additional new bac+ cases and total cases notified (five quarters of PrIP vs five quarter of IP) by the evaluation population (evaluation population) and control population (control population) and the difference-in-difference estimates.

Malaria is a serious health threat to the Indian population. The World Bank, through the National Vector Borne Disease Control Program, is assisting the government of India to develop a new national response strategy. This impact evaluation study was undertaken to test the effectiveness of the new strategies of malaria control in India. These strategies included community-based management of fever and malaria with rapid diagnostic tests and artemisinin-combination therapy, and introduction of long lasting insecticidal treated bed nets. The impact evaluation was conducted in 120 villages in two high endemic districts in Orissa state. It was a three-arm randomized design with one intervention arm receiving supportive supervision of community health workers along with community mobilization, the second intervention arm with only community mobilization, and a third control arm without any intervention. The baseline data collection was carried out in Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009, and the endline data collection in Nov. 2010 Feb. 2011. Data from endline household questionnaires, the malaria service providers questionnaire and the community questionnaire is documented here.

A cost-effective estimation of the number of free-roaming dogs is an essential prerequisite for the control of rabies in countries where the disease is endemic, as vaccination of at least 70% of the population is recommended to effectively control the disease. Although estimating the population size through sight-resight based maximum likelihood methodology generates an estimate closest to the actual size, it requires at least five survey efforts to achieve this. In a rural setting in India, a reliable estimate of at least 70% of the likely true population of free-roaming dogs was obtained with the Application SuperDuplicates shinyapp online tool using a photographic sight-resight technique through just two surveys. We tested the wider applicability of this method by validating its use in urban settings in India. Sight-resight surveys of free-roaming dogs were conducted in 15 sectors of the Panchkula Municipal Corporation in north India during September- October 2016. A total of 1,408 unique dogs were identified through 3,465 sightings on 14 survey tracks. The estimates obtained by the Application SuperDuplicates shinyapp online tool after two surveys were compared with the maximum likelihood estimates and it was found that the former, after two surveys, provided an estimate that was at least 70% of that obtained by the latter after 5–6 surveys. Thus, the Application SuperDuplicates shinyapp online tool provides an efficient means for estimating the minimum number of free-roaming dogs to vaccinate with a considerably lower effort than the traditional mark-resight based methods. We recommend use of this tool for estimating the vaccination target of free-roaming dogs prior to undertaking mass vaccination efforts against rabies.

According to latest figures, the Chinese population decreased by 1.39 million to around 1.408 billion people in 2024. After decades of rapid growth, China arrived at the turning point of its demographic development in 2022, which was earlier than expected. The annual population decrease is estimated to remain at moderate levels until around 2030 but to accelerate thereafter. Population development in China China had for a long time been the country with the largest population worldwide, but according to UN estimates, it has been overtaken by India in 2023. As the population in India is still growing, the country is very likely to remain being home of the largest population on earth in the near future. Due to several mechanisms put into place by the Chinese government as well as changing circumstances in the working and social environment of the Chinese people, population growth has subsided over the past decades, displaying an annual population growth rate of -0.1 percent in 2024. Nevertheless, compared to the world population in total, China held a share of about 17 percent of the overall global population in 2024. China's aging population In terms of demographic developments, the birth control efforts of the Chinese government had considerable effects on the demographic pyramid in China. Upon closer examination of the age distribution, a clear trend of an aging population becomes visible. In order to curb the negative effects of an aging population, the Chinese government abolished the one-child policy in 2015, which had been in effect since 1979, and introduced a three-child policy in May 2021. However, many Chinese parents nowadays are reluctant to have a second or third child, as is the case in most of the developed countries in the world. The number of births in China varied in the years following the abolishment of the one-child policy, but did not increase considerably. Among the reasons most prominent for parents not having more children are the rising living costs and costs for child care, growing work pressure, a growing trend towards self-realization and individualism, and changing social behaviors.

Data and insights on Wealth Distribution in India - share of wealth, average wealth, HNIs, wealth inequality GINI, and comparison with global peers.

Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection prevalence is believed to be elevated in Punjab, India; however, state-wide prevalence data are not available. An understanding of HCV prevalence, risk factors and genotype distribution can be used to plan control measures in Punjab. Methods: A cross-sectional, state-wide, population-based serosurvey using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling design was conducted October 2013 to April 2014. Children aged >5 years and adults were eligible to participate. Demographic and risk behavior data were collected, and serologic specimens were obtained and tested for anti-HCV antibody, HCV Ribonucleic acid (RNA) on anti-HCV positive samples, and HCV genotype. Prevalence estimates and adjusted odds ratios for risk factors were calculated from weighted data and stratified by urban/rural residence. Results: 5,543 individuals participated in the study with an overall weighted anti-HCV prevalence of 3.6% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 3.0%-4.2%) and chronic infection (HCV Ribonucleic acid test positive) of 2.6% (95% CI: 2.0%-3.1%). Anti-HCV was associated with being male (adjusted odds ratio 1.52; 95% CI: 1.08-2.14), living in a rural area (adjusted odds ratio 2.53; 95% CI: 1.62-3.95) and was most strongly associated with those aged 40-49 (adjusted odds ratio 40-49 vs 19-29-year-olds 3.41; 95% CI: 1.90-6.11). Anti-HCV prevalence increased with each blood transfusion received (adjusted odds ratio 1.36; 95% CI: 1.10-1.68) and decreased with increasing education, (adjusted odds ratio 0.37 for graduate-level vs. primary school/no education; 95% CI: 0.16-0.82). Genotype 3 (58%) was most common among infected individuals. Discussion: The study findings, including the overall prevalence of chronic HCV infection, associated risk factors and demographic characteristics, and genotype distribution can guide prevention and control efforts, including treatment provision. In addition to high-risk populations, efforts targeting rural areas and adults aged >40 would be the most effective for identifying infected individuals.

According to a survey conducted between 2019 to 2021 in India, the prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher among the population in the fourth and highest wealth quintile. The prevalence of hypertension was highest with over 29 percent among men in the highest wealth quintile.

Causes of high blood pressure

Over 230 million Indians suffer from high blood pressure of which over 11 percent lie between the ages of 15 to 49 years. The younger generation today is succumbing to fast-paced and stressful lives and is hence, at risk of developing high blood pressure or being diagnosed with prehypertension which can be the onset of hypertension in the future.

In addition, unhealthy diets compounded with obesity, physical inactivity, and poor stress management can increase the risk of hypertension. Further, the use of tobacco and alcohol consumption can damage blood vessels increasing the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.

Mitigation and control strategies

The government of India set a target of reducing the prevalence of hypertension by 25 percent by 2025, making it a public health priority. Only 12 percent of people with hypertension have self-monitoring devices and, hence, have their levels under control. Uncontrolled blood pressure is known to be the main cause of cardiovascular disease in India. Under the India Hypertension Control Initiative, procurement of anti-hypertension medicines, building capacity of health care providers, and monitoring patients through digital apps was a successful step toward prevention and control.

Frequency spectrum of allele and genotype of rs1801706/ c. *84G>A in case, control and different world populations.

As per cognitive market research, the Defibrillator Market size is projected at USD XX billion in 2025, and is expected to reach USD XX billion by 2030, at a CAGR of XX% during the forecast period (2025-2030).

The North America Defibrillator market size was USD XX Million in 2021, and it is expected to reach USD XX Million in 2033.
The Europe Defibrillator market size was USD XX Million in 2021, and it is expected to reach USD XX Million in 2033.
The Asia Pacific Defibrillator market size was USD XX Million in 2021, and it is expected to reach USD XX Million in 2033.
The South American defibrillator market size was USD XX Million in 2021, and it is expected to reach USD XX Million in 2033.
The Middle East and Africa Defibrillator market size was USD XX Million in 2021 and it is expected to reach USD XX Million in 2033.

Market Dynamics of the Defibrillator Market

Key Drivers for The Defibrillator Market

The growing senior population in emerging economies fuels the growth of the defibrillator market 

Emerging economies are acknowledged as one of the key areas of medical device growth. The growing patient base of people with degenerative diseases, orthopedic ailments, cardiovascular diseases, and other conditions can be greatly assisted by more advanced technology-based implantable devices, particularly for conditions for which pharmaceutical treatment is effective. For instance, as per the Asia Aging International Population Reports 2022, it is anticipated that the population of those 65 years of age and over will increase from 730 million in 2020 to around 2 billion by 2060. The prevalence of chronic illnesses is rising as a result of population growth. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Association of Chronic Disease Directors estimate that one or more of the five chronic diseases—diabetes, cancer, heart disease, stroke, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease—cause more than two-thirds of all fatalities. Consequently, as the population grows and the prevalence of cardiovascular disorders rises in emerging nations like Brazil and India, healthcare spending rises as well, driving up the need for defibrillators and also serves as an opportunity for the key players in emerging economies. Source:(https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/02/world-oldest-populations-asia-health/) Thus, the rising geriatric population in emerging economies is a significant driver for the growth of the defibrillator market. As these populations age, the incidence of cardiac-related issues increases, creating a greater demand for defibrillators in healthcare settings to address cardiac emergencies and improve patient outcomes.

Market demand for defibrillators is driven by the growing need for portable defibrillators due to the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. 

Atrial fibrillation is becoming more prevalent everywhere. The growth of the automated external defibrillator market is expected to be fueled by the rising prevalence of cardiac disorders among various age groups. Factors such as high-pressure work environments, inactive lifestyles, increased tobacco and alcohol consumption, and substance abuse contribute to this trend, driving demand for defibrillators. These devices play an essential role in delivering rapid intervention during cardiac emergencies and stabilizing patients by restoring heart rhythms. According to centers for diseases control and prevention Heart disease is the leading cause of death for men, women, and people of most racial and ethnic groups. In 2022, heart disease claimed the lives of 702,880 individuals, accounting for approximately one out of every five deaths that year. On the other hand coronary heart disease is the leading form of heart disease, claiming 371,506 lives in 2022. Additionally, this demand is further fueled by factors like the growing awareness of the importance of public access defibrillators (PADs) and the increasing availability of these devices in public spaces, hospitals, and emergency services. Technological advancements in defibrillators, making them more user-friendly and portable, also contribute to the market's growth. The focus on preventive healthcare and early diagnosis of cardiac conditions is expected to drive demand for defibrillators in the future. Furthermore, the growing occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) plays a crucial rol...

India’s per capita net national income or NNI was around *** thousand rupees in financial year 2025. The annual growth rate was *** percent as compared to the previous year. National income indicators   While GNI (Gross National Income) and NNI are both indicators for a country’s economic performance and welfare, the GNI is related to the GDP plus the net receipts from abroad, including wages and salaries, property income, net taxes and subsidies receivable from abroad. On the other hand, the NNI of a country is equal to its GNI net of depreciation. In 2020, India ranked second amongst the Asia Pacific countries in terms of its gross national income. This has been possible due to a favorable GDP growth in India. Measuring wealth versus welfare   National income per person or per capita is often used as an indicator of people's standard of living and welfare. However, critics object to this by citing that since it is a mean value, it does not reflect the real income distribution. In other words, a small wealthy class of people in the country can skew the per capita income substantially, even though the average population has no change in income. This is exemplified by the fact that in India, the top one percent of people, control over 40 percent of the country’s wealth.