The total population in Brazil was estimated at 212.6 million people in 2024, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. This dataset provides - Brazil Population - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The history of modern Brazil begins in the year 1500 when Pedro Álvares Cabral arrived with a small fleet and claimed the land for the Portuguese Empire. With the Treaty of Torsedillas in 1494, Spain and Portugal agreed to split the New World peacefully, thus allowing Portugal to take control of the area with little competition from other European powers. As the Portuguese did not arrive with large numbers, and the indigenous population was overwhelmed with disease, large numbers of African slaves were transported across the Atlantic and forced to harvest or mine Brazil's wealth of natural resources. These slaves were forced to work in sugar, coffee and rubber plantations and gold and diamond mines, which helped fund Portuguese expansion across the globe. In modern history, transatlantic slavery brought more Africans to Brazil than any other country in the world. This combination of European, African and indigenous peoples set the foundation for what has become one of the most ethnically diverse countries across the globe.

Independence and Monarchy By the early eighteenth century, Portugal had established control over most of modern-day Brazil, and the population more than doubled in each half of the 1800s. The capital of the Portuguese empire was moved to Rio de Janeiro in 1808 (as Napoleon's forces moved closer towards Lisbon), making this the only time in European history where a capital was moved to another continent. The United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves was established in 1815, and when the Portuguese monarchy and capital returned to Lisbon in 1821, the King's son, Dom Pedro, remained in Brazil as regent. The following year, Dom Pedro declared Brazil's independence, and within three years, most other major powers (including Portugal) recognized the Empire of Brazil as an independent monarchy and formed economic relations with it; this was a much more peaceful transition to independence than many of the ex-Spanish colonies in the Americas. Under the reign of Dom Pedro II, Brazil's political stability remained relatively intact, and the economy grew through its exportation of raw materials and economic alliances with Portugal and Britain. Despite pressure from political opponents, Pedro II abolished slavery in 1850 (as part of a trade agreement with Britain), and Brazil remained a powerful, stable and progressive nation under Pedro II's leadership, in stark contrast to its South American neighbors. The booming economy also attracted millions of migrants from Europe and Asia around the turn of the twentieth century, which has had a profound impact on Brazil's demography and culture to this day.

The New Republic

Despite his popularity, King Pedro II was overthrown in a military coup in 1889, ending his 58 year reign and initiating six decades of political instability and economic difficulties. A series of military coups, failed attempts to restore stability, and the decline of Brazil's overseas influence contributed greatly to a weakened economy in the early 1900s. The 1930s saw the emergence of Getúlio Vargas, who ruled as a fascist dictator for two decades. Despite a growing economy and Brazil's alliance with the Allied Powers in the Second World War, the end of fascism in Europe weakened Vargas' position in Brazil, and he was eventually overthrown by the military, who then re-introduced democracy to Brazil in 1945. Vargas was then elected to power in 1951, and remained popular among the general public, however political opposition to his beliefs and methods led to his suicide in 1954. Further political instability ensued and a brutal, yet prosperous, military dictatorship took control in the 1960s and 1970s, but Brazil gradually returned to a democratic nation in the 1980s. Brazil's economic and political stability fluctuated over the subsequent four decades, and a corruption scandal in the 2010s saw the impeachment of President Dilma Rousseff. Despite all of this economic instability and political turmoil, Brazil is one of the world's largest economies and is sometimes seen as a potential superpower. The World Bank classifies it as a upper-middle income country and it has the largest share of global wealth in Latin America. It is the largest Lusophone (Portuguese-speaking), and sixth most populous country in the world, with a population of more than 210 million people.

Historical dataset showing Brazil population density by year from 1961 to 2022.

Population density (people per sq. km of land area) in Brazil was reported at 25.26 sq. Km in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Brazil - Population density (people per sq. km) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on November of 2025.

The world's most accurate population datasets. Seven maps/datasets for the distribution of various populations in Brazil: (1) Overall population density (2) Women (3) Men (4) Children (ages 0-5) (5) Youth (ages 15-24) (6) Elderly (ages 60+) (7) Women of reproductive age (ages 15-49).

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the data for the Brazil, IN population pyramid, which represents the Brazil population distribution across age and gender, using estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2018-2022 5-Year Estimates. It lists the male and female population for each age group, along with the total population for those age groups. Higher numbers at the bottom of the table suggest population growth, whereas higher numbers at the top indicate declining birth rates. Furthermore, the dataset can be utilized to understand the youth dependency ratio, old-age dependency ratio, total dependency ratio, and potential support ratio.

Key observations

• Youth dependency ratio, which is the number of children aged 0-14 per 100 persons aged 15-64, for Brazil, IN, is 29.7.
• Old-age dependency ratio, which is the number of persons aged 65 or over per 100 persons aged 15-64, for Brazil, IN, is 29.1.
• Total dependency ratio for Brazil, IN is 58.7.
• Potential support ratio, which is the number of youth (working age population) per elderly, for Brazil, IN is 3.4.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2018-2022 5-Year Estimates.

Age groups:

• Under 5 years
• 5 to 9 years
• 10 to 14 years
• 15 to 19 years
• 20 to 24 years
• 25 to 29 years
• 30 to 34 years
• 35 to 39 years
• 40 to 44 years
• 45 to 49 years
• 50 to 54 years
• 55 to 59 years
• 60 to 64 years
• 65 to 69 years
• 70 to 74 years
• 75 to 79 years
• 80 to 84 years
• 85 years and over

Variables / Data Columns

• Age Group: This column displays the age group for the Brazil population analysis. Total expected values are 18 and are define above in the age groups section.
• Population (Male): The male population in the Brazil for the selected age group is shown in the following column.
• Population (Female): The female population in the Brazil for the selected age group is shown in the following column.
• Total Population: The total population of the Brazil for the selected age group is shown in the following column.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Brazil Population by Age. You can refer the same here

Time series data for the statistic Population and country Brazil. Indicator Definition:Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.The statistic "Population" stands at 211,998,573.00 persons as of 12/31/2024, the highest value at least since 12/31/1961, the period currently displayed. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes an increase of 0.4063 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is 0.4063.The 3 year change in percent is 1.17.The 5 year change in percent is 2.19.The 10 year change in percent is 5.95.The Serie's long term average value is 149,701,232.58 persons. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is 41.61 percent higher, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/1960, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is +192.86%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/2024, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is 0.0%.

Historical dataset showing Brazil population growth rate by year from 1961 to 2023.

Brazil: Population ages 65 and above, percent of total: The latest value from 2024 is 11.05 percent, an increase from 10.63 percent in 2023. In comparison, the world average is 10.43 percent, based on data from 196 countries. Historically, the average for Brazil from 1960 to 2024 is 5.08 percent. The minimum value, 2.53 percent, was reached in 1960 while the maximum of 11.05 percent was recorded in 2024.

Actual value and historical data chart for Brazil Rural Population Percent Of Total Population

Data used in my analysis of COVID-19 underreporting in Brazil. It includes 2019 brazilian population estimates by state, provided by IBGE, and a rds file with Brazilian map also by state.

Time series data for the statistic Population, ages 5-10, total and country Brazil. Indicator Definition:Population, ages 5-10, total is the total population age 5-10.The indicator "Population, ages 5-10, total" stands at 21.53 Million as of 12/31/2015, the lowest value since 12/31/2011. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes a decrease of -0.2564 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is -0.2564.The 3 year change in percent is -0.3516.The 5 year change in percent is 0.2086.The 10 year change in percent is 4.04.The Serie's long term average value is 21.06 Million. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2015, is 2.23 percent higher, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/2001, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2015, is +7.36%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/1991, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2015, is -1.62%.

Brazil: Rural population, percent of total population: The latest value from 2024 is 11.98 percent, a decline from 12.21 percent in 2023. In comparison, the world average is 38.30 percent, based on data from 196 countries. Historically, the average for Brazil from 1960 to 2024 is 27.77 percent. The minimum value, 11.98 percent, was reached in 2024 while the maximum of 53.86 percent was recorded in 1960.

Abstract The study analyzes the demographic boom of African slave populations in the plantation areas from the Mapas de População of Maranhão. In particular, we focus on the parish of Rosário do Itapecuru using other sources - post-mortem inventories and parish baptismal records. The maps from 1798 and 1821 made it possible to evidence the gender, age, ethnicity and legal status of the resident population as well as show the importance of slave population in cotton and rice crop areas, reaching almost 80% of residents. These populations, in turn, presented certain peculiarities in relation to other plantation areas in the State of Brazil, such as the sex ratio marked by the almost parity between men and women.

Dataset Overview

This dataset provides a comprehensive overview of Brazil’s 2022 Census data, focusing on São Paulo’s neighbourhoods. The data combines demographic and socioeconomic information with geospatial shapefiles of São Paulo’s neighbourhoods, enabling users to perform statistical and spatial analyses.

Users can explore patterns, trends, and transformations in São Paulo’s urban landscape by linking census sectors to neighbourhood boundaries.

Key Components

Census 2022 Data

• Source: Brazil's 2022 Census (IBGE)
• Content: Demographic data including age, gender, income, education levels, household size, and population density across census sectors.
• Format: CSV

São Paulo Neighborhood Shapefile

• Source: GIS-based shapefiles for São Paulo neighbourhoods (IBGE Census Sectors and Manually created Neighbourhoods)
• Content: Spatial geometry for São Paulo's neighbourhoods with census sector identifiers.
• Format: Parquet

Use Cases

• Neighborhood Demographics Analysis: Combine census data with shapefiles to generate neighborhood-level demographic reports.
• Urban Development Studies: Study how São Paulo neighbourhoods have grown using historical context and 2022 Census data.
• Spatial Data Visualizations: Create maps showing income distribution, population density, or other demographic factors across neighbourhoods.
• Policy Planning & Research: Support urban planning, resource allocation, and policy development in São Paulo.

Potential Applications

• Analyze the relationship between neighbourhood demographics and urban growth patterns.
• Visualize inequalities in population distribution, income, or education levels.
• Identify trends in housing and population density for urban studies.
• Provide insights into São Paulo’s historical and ongoing transformations.

Why Use This Dataset?

• Comprehensive Coverage: Detailed census data and spatial boundaries allow in-depth analyses.
• Flexible Integration: Easily combine demographic data with shapefiles to enable advanced spatial analyses.

Dataset Details

• File Formats: CSV (Census Data), GeoJSON/Shapefile (Neighborhood Shapefiles)
• Spatial Resolution: Census sector linked to São Paulo’s neighbourhood boundaries

Geographic Scope: São Paulo, Brazil

This dataset is ideal for data scientists, urban planners, and researchers seeking to uncover the dynamics of São Paulo’s neighbourhoods through an intersection of demographic and spatial data.

Contribute to new insights and empower decision-making in understanding Brazil’s largest city!

Population ages 65 and above (% of total population) in Brazil was reported at 11.05 % in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Brazil - Population ages 65 and above (% of total) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on November of 2025.

brazil - Population Growth for Brazil was 0.39593 % Chg. at Annual Rate in January of 2023, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, brazil - Population Growth for Brazil reached a record high of 0.42536 in January of 2021 and a record low of 0.36018 in January of 2022. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for brazil - Population Growth for Brazil - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on December of 2025.

Historical dataset showing Brazil crime rate per 100K population by year from 1990 to 2020.

This data set contains physical, hydrologic, political, demographic, and societal maps for the Ji-Parana River Basin, in the state of Rondonia, Brazil. These data were used as base information in subsequent investigations of land use/land cover, biogeochemistry, soils, and water balance processes (Ballester et al., 2003). This data set includes a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), river networks and morphometric characteristics of the region (derived from the DEM), and a number of social and demographic vector sets (roads as of 2001, county borders, population change from 1970-2000, and settlement projects). The DEM is provided in GeoTIFF format. Other files are provided as shapefiles.

Historical dataset showing Brazil urban population by year from 1960 to 2023.