The total population in Turkey was estimated at 85.7 million people in 2024, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Turkey Population - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Turkey: Population density, people per square km: The latest value from 2021 is 109 people per square km, an increase from 108 people per square km in 2020. In comparison, the world average is 456 people per square km, based on data from 196 countries. Historically, the average for Turkey from 1961 to 2021 is 72 people per square km. The minimum value, 37 people per square km, was reached in 1961 while the maximum of 109 people per square km was recorded in 2021.

In 1800, the region of present-day Turkey had a population of approximately 9.8 million. Turkey’s population would grow steadily throughout the 1800s, growing to 14 million by the turn of the century. During this time, Turkey was the center of the Ottoman Empire, which also covered much of the Balkans, Arabia, and the African coast from Libya to Somalia. In the early 20th century, the Ottoman Empire's dissolution period began, characterized by political instability and a series of military defeats and coups. The empire was one of the defeated Central Powers of the First World War, in which it suffered approximately three million total fatalities. It is estimated that the majority of these deaths did not come directly from the war, but as a result of the government-orchestrated mass expulsion and genocide of non-Turks from within the Turkish borders, specifically Armenians, Assyrians, Greeks and Kurds; many ethnic Turks were simultaneously expelled from neighboring countries, namely Greece, which makes these events less-visible when examining annual data, although Turkey's total population did drop by one million between 1914 and 1924.

The Republic of Turkey Following the end of the Turkish War of Independence in 1923, and the establishment of the republic of Turkey, the population would begin to recover, tripling from just around 21 million in 1950 to over 63 million by the turn of the century. The new republic, led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, introduced sweeping, progressive reforms that modernized the country, particularly its healthcare and education systems. Turkey remained neutral throughout the Second World War, and became a member of NATO during the Cold War. The second half of the 1900s was marked with intermittent periods of political instability, and a number of military conflicts (namely, in Cyprus and Kurdistan). In spite of this, Turkey has generally been considered a developed country for most of this time, although its life expectancy and infant mortality rates have often been more in line with developing nations.

Modern Turkey In the past decade, Turkey's population growth has continued its rapid growth; while birth rates have declined, the mass migration of refugees to the country fleeing the Syrian Civil War has seen the population growth ramain high. This influx of refugees was seen as a stepping stone in Turkey's accession to the European Union, with whom it has been negotiating a potential membership since 2005. Accession to the EU would provide huge economic benefits to Turkey, however, political developments in recent years (particularly the 2016 coup) have seen these negotiations stall, as the EU has accused the Turkish government of committing widespread human rights violations, such as torture, political imprisonment and censorship of free speech. In 2020, Turkey's population is estimated to be over 84 million people, and is expected to exceed 100 million in the next two decades.

Population density (people per sq. km of land area) in Turkey was reported at 110 sq. Km in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Turkey - Population density (people per sq. km) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Turkey: Population growth, percent: The latest value from 2023 is 0.41 percent, a decline from 0.98 percent in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 1.15 percent, based on data from 196 countries. Historically, the average for Turkey from 1961 to 2023 is 1.8 percent. The minimum value, 0.41 percent, was reached in 2023 while the maximum of 2.72 percent was recorded in 1962.

Population ages 65 and above (% of total population) in Turkey was reported at 10 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Turkey - Population ages 65 and above (% of total) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the data for the Turkey, NC population pyramid, which represents the Turkey population distribution across age and gender, using estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates. It lists the male and female population for each age group, along with the total population for those age groups. Higher numbers at the bottom of the table suggest population growth, whereas higher numbers at the top indicate declining birth rates. Furthermore, the dataset can be utilized to understand the youth dependency ratio, old-age dependency ratio, total dependency ratio, and potential support ratio.

Key observations

• Youth dependency ratio, which is the number of children aged 0-14 per 100 persons aged 15-64, for Turkey, NC, is 94.8.
• Old-age dependency ratio, which is the number of persons aged 65 or over per 100 persons aged 15-64, for Turkey, NC, is 37.5.
• Total dependency ratio for Turkey, NC is 132.3.
• Potential support ratio, which is the number of youth (working age population) per elderly, for Turkey, NC is 2.7.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Age groups:

• Under 5 years
• 5 to 9 years
• 10 to 14 years
• 15 to 19 years
• 20 to 24 years
• 25 to 29 years
• 30 to 34 years
• 35 to 39 years
• 40 to 44 years
• 45 to 49 years
• 50 to 54 years
• 55 to 59 years
• 60 to 64 years
• 65 to 69 years
• 70 to 74 years
• 75 to 79 years
• 80 to 84 years
• 85 years and over

Variables / Data Columns

• Age Group: This column displays the age group for the Turkey population analysis. Total expected values are 18 and are define above in the age groups section.
• Population (Male): The male population in the Turkey for the selected age group is shown in the following column.
• Population (Female): The female population in the Turkey for the selected age group is shown in the following column.
• Total Population: The total population of the Turkey for the selected age group is shown in the following column.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Turkey Population by Age. You can refer the same here

Population, female (% of total population) in Turkey was reported at 50.07 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Turkey - Population, female (% of total) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Historical chart and dataset showing Turkey urban population by year from 1960 to 2023.

Turkey: Percent of world population: The latest value from 2023 is 1.07 percent, a decline from 1.08 percent in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 0.51 percent, based on data from 196 countries. Historically, the average for Turkey from 1960 to 2023 is 1.02 percent. The minimum value, 0.91 percent, was reached in 1960 while the maximum of 1.08 percent was recorded in 2022.

Turkey: Migrant population, percent of total population: The latest value from 2015 is 4 percent, an increase from 2 percent in 2010. In comparison, the world average is 10 percent, based on data from 195 countries. Historically, the average for Turkey from 1990 to 2015 is 2 percent. The minimum value, 2 percent, was reached in 1990 while the maximum of 4 percent was recorded in 2015.

Population ages 15-64, female in Turkey was reported at 28801865 Persons in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Turkey - Population ages 15-64, female - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Ankara, Turkey metro area from 1950 to 2025.

Occupied habitat distributions of Nevada small game species. These delineations were deteremined by Nevada Department of Wildlife field biologists and wildlife staff specialists. Species include California quail, chukar, dusky grouse, Gambel's quail, Himalayan snowcock, mountain quail, ruffed grouse, sooty grouse, white-tailed jackrabbit, and wild turkey.

Turkey: Internet users, percent of population: The latest value from 2023 is 85.96 percent, an increase from 83.44 percent in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 87.67 percent, based on data from 59 countries. Historically, the average for Turkey from 1990 to 2023 is 31.17 percent. The minimum value, 0 percent, was reached in 1990 while the maximum of 85.96 percent was recorded in 2023.

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Izmir, Turkey metro area from 1950 to 2025.

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Antalya, Turkey metro area from 1950 to 2025.

Population in the largest city (% of urban population) in Turkey was reported at 24.09 % in 2024, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Turkey - Population in the largest city - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Diyarbakir, Turkey metro area from 1950 to 2025.

Turkey: People with bank accounts, percent of the population over 14 years of age: The latest value from 2021 is 73.37 percent, an increase from 67.66 percent in 2017. In comparison, the world average is 65.76 percent, based on data from 121 countries. Historically, the average for Turkey from 2011 to 2021 is 63.79 percent. The minimum value, 56.51 percent, was reached in 2014 while the maximum of 73.37 percent was recorded in 2021.