Throughout the history of the Soviet Union, Russians were consistently the largest ethnic group in the USSR. Of a total population of 262 million people in 1979, the share who were Russian was over 137 million, which is equal to roughly 52 percent. In 1989, the total population of the Soviet Union was almost 286 million, with the ethnic Russian population at 145 million, or 51 percent. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Tatars were the only of the ten largest ethnic groups not to be given their own independent country, with Tatarstan instead becoming one of Russia's federal republics.

Due to the devastating impact of the Second World War on the Soviet population, the total population in 1950 was almost 15.5 million fewer than in 1940, which is a decrease of eight percent. In Russia (RSFSR), the largest of the Soviet states, the population difference was almost nine million people; also eight percent. It would take until 1955 for the populations of either the USSR or Russia to reach their pre-war levels, which was a decade after the conflict had ended. Urbanization Despite this drop in total population, industrialization and urbanization saw a significant change in the USSR's population distribution between the given years. The Soviet urban population increased by 6.3 million, or ten percent, between 1940 and 1950; 5.8 million of this was in Russia, which was a 15 percent increase. In contrast, the Soviet Union's rural population dropped by 21.8 million (a 17 percent change), 14.5 million of which in Russia (a decrease of 20 percent). In terms of overall population, the urban population of the USSR rose from 33 to 39 percent between 1940 and 1950, and from 34 to 43 percent in Russia. By 1955, 44 percent of the Soviet population, and 49 percent of the Russian population, lived in an urban setting.

The Soviet Union was one of the most powerful nations of the 20th century. They were a communist nation that challenged the US. The Soviet Union consisted of 15 republics, the republics include Russia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. These republics would later become their own seperate countries at the fall of the Soviet Union. HistoryThe full name of the Soviet Union is the Union of the Soviet Social Republics (U.S.S.R.). It was a country in Northeastern Eurasia. It's borders expanded from the Baltic to Black Seas and expanded to the Pacific Ocean (Britannica). It was the world's largest country by area, it had an area of 8.65 million square miles, it had owned one-sixth of the world's land (Britannica). It had one of the most diversity, it had over 100 distinct nationalities, however the majority of the population was made up of East Slavs, which included Russians, Ukrainians, and Belorussians (Britannica).

Population: NW: Republic of Karelia: Petrozavodsk: Working Age data was reported at 162.700 Person th in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 160.200 Person th for 2018. Population: NW: Republic of Karelia: Petrozavodsk: Working Age data is updated yearly, averaging 166.500 Person th from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2019, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 179.400 Person th in 2008 and a record low of 160.200 Person th in 2018. Population: NW: Republic of Karelia: Petrozavodsk: Working Age data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Demographic and Labour Market – Table RU.GA017: Population: by City: North Western Federal District. Labour Force population includes men aged 16-59 years old and women aged 16-54 years old Население трудоспособного возраста - мужчины 16-59 лет, женщины 16-54 года

Population: SB: Republic of Buryatia data was reported at 970,679.000 Person in 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 971,922.000 Person for 2023. Population: SB: Republic of Buryatia data is updated yearly, averaging 979,881.000 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2024, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,052,038.000 Person in 1990 and a record low of 964,581.000 Person in 2006. Population: SB: Republic of Buryatia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA002: Population: by Region.

Population: NC: Republic of Dagestan data was reported at 3,258,993.000 Person in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 3,232,224.000 Person for 2023. Population: NC: Republic of Dagestan data is updated yearly, averaging 2,762,218.500 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2024, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,258,993.000 Person in 2024 and a record low of 1,820,164.000 Person in 1989. Population: NC: Republic of Dagestan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA002: Population: by Region.

Population: Rural: SF: Republic of Crimea data was reported at 949,102.000 Person in 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 950,965.000 Person for 2023. Population: Rural: SF: Republic of Crimea data is updated yearly, averaging 950,507.000 Person from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2024, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 956,860.000 Person in 2021 and a record low of 933,754.000 Person in 2014. Population: Rural: SF: Republic of Crimea data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA012: Population: Rural: by Region.

Population: NW: Republic of Komi data was reported at 714,391.000 Person in 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 720,610.000 Person for 2023. Population: NW: Republic of Komi data is updated yearly, averaging 939,841.500 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2024, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,248,891.000 Person in 1989 and a record low of 714,391.000 Person in 2024. Population: NW: Republic of Komi data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA002: Population: by Region.

Population: NW: Republic of Karelia data was reported at 518,644.000 Person in 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 523,856.000 Person for 2023. Population: NW: Republic of Karelia data is updated yearly, averaging 662,218.000 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2024, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 791,719.000 Person in 1989 and a record low of 518,644.000 Person in 2024. Population: NW: Republic of Karelia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA002: Population: by Region.

In 1950, there were 60 men per 100 women in Soviet Union republics. As a consequence of the World War II, referred to as the Great Patriotic War in Russia, the male-to-female ratio was significantly lower in age groups older than 25 years.

Population: Rural: NC: Republic of Dagestan data was reported at 1,786,299.000 Person in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,772,051.000 Person for 2023. Population: Rural: NC: Republic of Dagestan data is updated yearly, averaging 1,537,838.500 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2024, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,786,299.000 Person in 2024 and a record low of 1,028,509.000 Person in 1989. Population: Rural: NC: Republic of Dagestan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA012: Population: Rural: by Region.

In 1800, the population of the area of modern-day Slovakia was estimated to be just over two million, a figure which would grow steadily throughout the 19th century as part of the kingdom of Hungary and later under the dual kingdom of Austria-Hungary. This growth would continue even throughout the first half of the 20th century, as the country would largely escape conflict in both the First and Second World Wars. As a result, Slovakia’s population would rise to just under three and a half million by 1950.

Slovakia’s population would begin to rapidly increase in the years following the Second World War, however, as the country would experience both a baby boom and large-scale modernization and industrialization as part of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. After slowing somewhat in the late 1960s, population growth would increase once more in the 1970s and 1980s, as Slovakia would become the first of the Soviet republics to begin the “normalization” process of reforms brought about by the Soviet perestroika (restructuring) movement. While population growth would largely flatline following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, unlike many former Soviet republics who saw their populations decline as net emigration rose, Slovakia’s population has managed to avoid declining, and in the 2010s, has even begun to rise again. As a result, in 2020, Slovakia is estimated to have a population of just under five and a half million.

Population: VR: Republic of Chuvashia: Cheboksary: Working Age data was reported at 298.000 Person th in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 293.100 Person th for 2018. Population: VR: Republic of Chuvashia: Cheboksary: Working Age data is updated yearly, averaging 302.200 Person th from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2019, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 308.000 Person th in 2011 and a record low of 293.100 Person th in 2018. Population: VR: Republic of Chuvashia: Cheboksary: Working Age data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Demographic and Labour Market – Table RU.GA020: Population: by City: Volga Region Federal District. Labour Force population includes men aged 16-59 years old and women aged 16-54 years old Население трудоспособного возраста - мужчины 16-59 лет, женщины 16-54 года

In the immediate aftermath of the Second World War, Germany was split into four zones, each administered by France, the United Kingdom, the United States and the Soviet Union respectively. In 1949, the Soviet-controlled zone formed the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), while the rest became the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany). In this time, Berlin was also split into four zones, and the three non-Soviet zones formed West Berlin, which was a part of West Germany (although the West's administrative capital was moved to Bonn). One population grows, while the other declines Between 1949 and 1961, an estimated 2.7 million people migrated from East to West Germany. East Germany had a communist government with a socialist economy and was a satellite state of the Soviet Union, whereas West Germany was a liberal democracy with a capitalist economy, and western autonomy increased over time. Because of this difference, West Germany was a much freer society with more economic opportunities. During the German partition, the population of the west grew, from 51 million in 1950 to 62.7 million in 1989, whereas the population of East Germany declined from 18.4 million to just 16.4 million during this time. Little change after reunification In 1989, after four decades of separation, the process of German reunification began. The legal and physical barriers that had split the country were removed, and Germans could freely travel within the entire country. Despite this development, population growth patterns did not change. The population of the 'new states' (East Germany) continued to decline, whereas the population of the west grew, particularly in the 1990s, the first decade after reunification. The reasons for this continued imbalance between German population in the east and west, is mostly due to a low birth rate and internal migration within Germany. Despite the fact that levels of income and unemployment in the new states have gotten closer to those reported for the west (a major obstacle after reunification), life and opportunities in the west continue to attract young Germans from rural areas in the east with detrimental effect on the economy and demography of the new states.

Population: Urban: VR: Republic of Bashkortostan data was reported at 2,543,151.000 Person in 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2,544,428.000 Person for 2023. Population: Urban: VR: Republic of Bashkortostan data is updated yearly, averaging 2,539,692.000 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2024, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,640,066.000 Person in 1999 and a record low of 2,425,175.000 Person in 2006. Population: Urban: VR: Republic of Bashkortostan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA011: Population: Urban: by Region.

Population: Male: SF: Republic of Kalmykia data was reported at 129,639.000 Person in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 127,692.000 Person for 2022. Population: Male: SF: Republic of Kalmykia data is updated yearly, averaging 139,902.000 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2023, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 160,651.000 Person in 1990 and a record low of 127,692.000 Person in 2022. Population: Male: SF: Republic of Kalmykia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Demographic and Labour Market – Table RU.GA009: Population: Male: by Region.

Population: SB: Republic of Khakassia data was reported at 525,451.000 Person in 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 528,175.000 Person for 2023. Population: SB: Republic of Khakassia data is updated yearly, averaging 539,282.000 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2024, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 574,367.000 Person in 1992 and a record low of 525,451.000 Person in 2024. Population: SB: Republic of Khakassia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA002: Population: by Region.

Population: Urban: SB: Republic of Altay data was reported at 63,915.000 Person in 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 64,508.000 Person for 2023. Population: Urban: SB: Republic of Altay data is updated yearly, averaging 54,206.500 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2024, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 65,363.000 Person in 2021 and a record low of 46,907.000 Person in 1994. Population: Urban: SB: Republic of Altay data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA011: Population: Urban: by Region.

Population: Rural: SB: Republic of Khakassia data was reported at 163,742.000 Person in 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 164,302.000 Person for 2023. Population: Rural: SB: Republic of Khakassia data is updated yearly, averaging 163,658.000 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2024, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 173,891.000 Person in 2011 and a record low of 155,574.000 Person in 2006. Population: Rural: SB: Republic of Khakassia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA012: Population: Rural: by Region.

Population: VR: Republic of Marii El data was reported at 665,983.000 Person in 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 669,854.000 Person for 2023. Population: VR: Republic of Marii El data is updated yearly, averaging 706,747.500 Person from Dec 1989 (Median) to 2024, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 758,363.000 Person in 1992 and a record low of 665,983.000 Person in 2024. Population: VR: Republic of Marii El data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.GA002: Population: by Region.