Estimated number of persons by quarter of a year and by year, Canada, provinces and territories.

It is presumed that the first humans migrated from Siberia to North America approximately twelve thousand years ago, where they then moved southwards to warmer lands. It was not until many centuries later that humans returned to the north and began to settle regions that are now part of Canada. Despite a few short-lived Viking settlements on Newfoundland around the turn of the first millennium CE, the Italian explorer Giovanni Caboto (John Cabot), became the first European to explore the coast of North America in the late 1400s. The French and British crowns both made claims to areas of Canada throughout the sixteenth century, but real colonization and settlement did not begin until the early seventeenth century. Over the next 150 years, France and Britain competed to take control of the booming fur and fishing trade, and to expand their overseas empires. In the Seven Year's War, Britain eventually defeated the French colonists in North America, through superior numbers and a stronger agriculture resources in the southern colonies, and the outcome of the war saw France cede practically all of it's colonies in North America to the British.

Increased migration and declining native populations

The early 1800s saw a large influx of migrants into Canada, with the Irish Potato Famine bringing the first wave of mass-migration to the country, with further migration coming from Scandinavia and Northern Europe. It is estimated that the region received just shy of one million migrants from the British Isles alone, between 1815 and 1850, which helped the population grow to 2.5 million in the mid-1800s and 5.5 million in 1900. It is also estimated that infectious diseases killed around 25 to 33 percent of all Europeans who migrated to Canada before 1891, and around a third of the Canadian population is estimated to have emigrated southwards to the United States in the 1871-1896 period. From the time of European colonization until the mid-nineteenth century, the native population of Canada dropped from roughly 500,000 (some estimates put it as high as two million) to just over 100,000; this was due to a mixture of disease, starvation and warfare, instigated by European migration to the region. The native population was generally segregated and oppressed until the second half of the 1900s; Native Canadians were given the vote in 1960, and, despite their complicated and difficult history, the Canadian government has made significant progress in trying to include indigenous cultures in the country's national identity in recent years. As of 2020, Indigenous Canadians make up more than five percent of the total Canadian population, and a higher birth rate means that this share of the population is expected to grow in the coming decades.

Independence and modern Canada

Canadian independence was finally acknowledged in 1931 by the Statute of Westminster, putting it on equal terms with the United Kingdom within the Commonwealth; virtually granting independence and sovereignty until the Canada Act of 1982 formalized it. Over the past century, Canada has had a relatively stable political system and economy (although it was hit particularly badly by the Wall Street Crash of 1929). Canada entered the First World War with Britain, and as an independent Allied Power in the Second World War; Canadian forces played pivotal roles in a number of campaigns, notably Canada's Hundred Days in WWI, and the country lost more than 100,000 men across both conflicts. The economy boomed in the aftermath of the Second World War, and a stream of socially democratic programs such as universal health care and the Canadian pension plan were introduced, which contributed to a rise in the standard of living. The post war period also saw various territories deciding to join Canada, with Newfoundland joining in 1949, and Nunavut in 1999. Today Canada is among the most highly ranked in countries in terms of civil liberties, quality of life and economic growth. It promotes and welcomes immigrants from all over the world and, as a result, it has one of the most ethnically diverse and multicultural populations of any country in the world. As of 2020, Canada's population stands at around 38 million people, and continues to grow due to high migration levels and life expectancy, and a steady birth rate.

Population, female (% of total population) in Canada was reported at 50.34 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Canada - Population, female (% of total) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2025.

Canada's largest metropolitan area is Toronto, in Ontario. In 2022. Over 6.6 million people were living in the Toronto metropolitan area. Montréal, in Quebec, followed with about 4.4 million inhabitants, while Vancouver, in Britsh Columbia, counted 2.8 million people as of 2022.

Data on ethnic or cultural origin by gender and age for the population in private households in Canada, provinces and territories.

In 2022, more than half of the population (54.3 percent) of the city of Montreal, located in the Canadian province of Quebec, was aged between 20 and 59 years. The largest age group was 40-44, with over 318,000 individuals.
That same year, Montreal was the second most populous city in the country, behind Toronto, which had approximately 6.6 million inhabitants.

In 2022, more than half of the population (about 57 percent) of the city of Toronto, in the province of Ontario, Canada, was between the ages of 20 and 60 years old. The largest age group was 25-34, with over one million individuals. In 2022, Toronto was the largest metropolitan area in Canada in terms of population, ahead of Montreal, Quebec, and Vancouver, British Columbia.

Estimated number of persons on July 1, by 5-year age groups and gender, and median age, for Canada, provinces and territories.

This dataset presents information on the median age of the population, a measure used to describe the process of aging in the population, is the age at which half of the population is older, and half is younger.

In 2022, the median age of the population of the city of Toronto, in the province of Ontario, Canada, was 38.8 years, just over three years higher than in 2001. The median age of the population actually increased relatively steadily between 2001 and 2015, from 35.8 to 38.8 years, and then declined, after a plateau period, between 2017 and 2020. It increases again since 2020. The median age is the age that divides the population into two numerically equal groups: half are younger than this age and half are older.

Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the London, Canada metro area from 1950 to 2025.

In 2006, for the first time in Canadian history, there were more unmarried persons aged 15 years and over than legally married people. Just over one-half of Canada’s population aged 15 years and over (51.5%) was unmarried; that is, they had never been legally married (34.9%), or they were divorced (8.0%), widowed (6.2%) or separated (3.0%). Legally married people formed slightly less than half (47.9%) of the population. Twenty years earlier, 61.4% of the population aged 15 years and over was legally married, while 38.6% were unmarried. Although the proportions of widowed and separated persons have remained relatively stable over the past two decades, increases have occurred largely among the divorced and, even more so, among the single (never legally married) population.

Annual population estimates as of July 1st, by census metropolitan area and census agglomeration, single year of age, five-year age group and gender, based on the Standard Geographical Classification (SGC) 2021.

Canada's urban population now accounts for over 80 percent of it's total population. Canada's urbanization rate has increased steadily in recent years, as technological advancements have lowered the labor demand in the agriculture and energy sectors, while Canada's service industries have grown. The vast majority of Canada's population lives in the south, with over half the population found in the southeast between Quebec City and the Great Lakes region.

The CCRI microdata are based on a five percent sample of the Canadian population as recorded in the 1911 census. The basic sample unit is the dwelling, as defined by the census. The sample includes all responses recorded on the population schedule for all individuals residing in each sampled dwelling. For each census, the main sample covers smaller dwellings with no more than thirty residents. The CCRI microdata facilitate research on individuals, families, households, and communities caught up in the complex transformation of Canadian society which took place during the first half of the twentieth century. Ultimately, these data represent the raw materials with which census statistics can be produced. Confidential data from subsequent census enumerations are available from Statistics Canada's Research Data Centres.

In 2022, the median age of the population of the city of Montréal, in the province of Québec, Canada, was 41 years, more than over three years higher than in 2001. Women's median age was 41.9 years, compared with 40.1 years for men. The median age is the age that divides the population into two numerically equal groups: half are younger than this age and half are older. More information on Québec can be found here.

Approximately 66% of households in Canada own their home, compared to approximately 34% of households that rent their dwelling. The highest provincial ownership rates were in Newfoundland and Labrador (78%) and the lowest in Quebec (58%). Nunavut at 24% has the lowest ownership rates in the country as more than the half of the dwellings are public housing. Home ownership is less in the larger metropolitan areas than in rural and smaller centres. Dwelling refers only to owner-occupied private dwellings, which do not include dwellings situated on farms, but can include owner-occupied dwellings situated on rented or leased land or part of a condominium. The map shows the percentage of households in each census division that own their dwelling.

Number of municipally owned social and affordable housing assets for all provinces and territories, by urban and rural and population size.

Data on interprovincial labour mobility based on place of residence 1 year ago, place of residence 5 years ago, occupation and education for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada, provinces and territories.

Context

With a population just short of 3 million people, the city of Toronto is the largest in Canada, and one of the largest in North America (behind only Mexico City, New York and Los Angeles). Toronto is also one of the most multicultural cities in the world, making life in Toronto a wonderful multicultural experience for all. More than 140 languages and dialects are spoken in the city, and almost half the population Toronto were born outside Canada.It is a place where people can try the best of each culture, either while they work or just passing through. Toronto is well known for its great food.

Content

This dataset was created by doing webscraping of Toronto wikipedia page . The dataset contains the latitude and longitude of all the neighborhoods and boroughs with postal code of Toronto City,Canada.