Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Lusaka, Zambia metro area from 1950 to 2025.

Zambia Population: Male: Age 15 and Above: Lusaka data was reported at 784,396.000 Person in 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of 717,262.000 Person for 2012. Zambia Population: Male: Age 15 and Above: Lusaka data is updated yearly, averaging 717,262.000 Person from Dec 2008 (Median) to 2014, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 784,396.000 Person in 2014 and a record low of 502,883.000 Person in 2008. Zambia Population: Male: Age 15 and Above: Lusaka data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistical Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Zambia – Table ZM.G005: Population: by Province, Sex and Settlement Type.

Operational population estimates aggregated to Lusaka Townships. Operational population estimates were produced by the WorldPop Research Group at the University of Southampton. This work is part of the GRID3 (Geo-Referenced Infrastructure and Demographic Data for Development) project funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) and the United Kingdom’s Department for International Development. Project partners include WorldPop at the University of Southampton, the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) in the Earth Institute at Columbia University, and the Flowminder Foundation. The Zambia Statistics Agency supported and facilitated this work, and provided the household survey datasets. Note, these data are operational population estimates and are not official government statistics. ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS: The assumptions and limitations are as follows: • Administrative boundary datasets include all areas of the country. Any settled pixels outside of the boundaries shown in ZMB_population_v1_0_admin_level1_population.shp were not included. • Date of dataset. We believe the year the data represent is early 2019, however, we cannot pinpoint an exact time because the input data was collected at different time points. We also cannot assign a specific month to the dataset for the same reason. 4 • Some urban areas outside of Lusaka have the highest measures of uncertainty. This is because most of the input data representing urban areas came from Lusaka, which may not be representative of other urban settings. • The modelled population counts in areas that primarily have non-residential buildings, may be overestimated. These areas have significantly fewer estimated people than other settled areas of the same size, however, when compared to limited data for these primarily non-residential areas, they appear to be too high. Caution should be taken when using the population data for industrial (and other primarily non-residential) areas. • We assume that the building footprints data is accurate and that each building polygon corresponds to a building structure. • There are some small areas where the extent of the building footprints data does not cover the full extent of the district and province boundaries. Because of this, there may be a relatively small number of missing settled grid cells in the districts adjoining the national boundary.

Zambia Population: Lusaka data was reported at 3,002,530.000 Person in 2017. Zambia Population: Lusaka data is updated yearly, averaging 3,002,530.000 Person from Dec 2017 (Median) to 2017, with 1 observations. Zambia Population: Lusaka data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistical Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Zambia – Table ZM.G007: Labour Force Survey: Population: by Province and Settlement Type.

This statistic shows the total population of Zambia from 2013 to 2023 by gender. In 2023, Zambia's female population amounted to approximately 10.47 million, while the male population amounted to approximately 10.26 million inhabitants.

Zambia Population: Female: Age 15 and Above: Lusaka data was reported at 814,307.000 Person in 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of 748,872.000 Person for 2012. Zambia Population: Female: Age 15 and Above: Lusaka data is updated yearly, averaging 748,872.000 Person from Dec 2008 (Median) to 2014, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 814,307.000 Person in 2014 and a record low of 493,621.000 Person in 2008. Zambia Population: Female: Age 15 and Above: Lusaka data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistical Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Zambia – Table ZM.G005: Population: by Province, Sex and Settlement Type.

Abstract

The main objectives of the 2010 Census of Population and Housing were: • To provide accurate and reliable information on the size, composition and distribution of the population of Zambia at the time of the census; • To provide information on the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the population of Zambia at the lowest administrative level - the ward; • To provide indicators for measuring progress towards national and international development goals in a timely and user friendly manner; • To provide information on the number and characteristics of households engaged in agriculture and other economic activities; • To provide an accurate sampling frame and sample weights for future inter-censal household and population based surveys; • To provide information identifying the number of eligible voters for the 2011 General Elections; • To provide a census that meets national and international standards and allows for comparability with other censuses; • To provide information on the housing characteristics of the population.

Universe

Census Enumerators went out visiting all buildings in Zambia whether completed, incomplete, abandoned, habitable and inhabitable for the purpose of identifying characteristics of all buildings, households and other human aspects. All persons who lived in the buildings were counted and detailed information pertaining to their characteristics obtained.

Sampling procedure

The Census mapping methodology in 2010 was Geographic Information System (GIS) driven with the use of Satellite Imagery in urban areas and Global Positioning System (GPS) in rural areas.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The 2010 Census used a single questionnaire to capture individual, household and housing characteristics from the population. The 2010 Census differs from the 2000 Census by including questions on deaths of Household Members during the 12 months period prior to the census enumeration, as well as cause of death for all reported deaths.

Included for the first time were questions on maternal deaths to women aged 12-49 years during the reference period (12 months prior to the Census). Questions were asked of female household members aged 12-49 years that were reported to have died during the reference period (12 months prior to the census), whether the death had occurred while the woman was pregnant, during childbirth or six weeks after the end of a pregnancy, regardless of the outcome of the pregnancy. Another new addition was the question on whether one was an Albino or not.

Cleaning operations

In April 2011, the Central Statistical Office started the data capture and processing of the 2010 Census questionnaires. Scanning of the 2010 Census questionnaires started in April 2011 and was successfully concluded in August 2011. The data capture used Optical Mark Reading (OMR) and Intelligent Character Recognition (ICR) technology in order to speed up the processing time. Data verification and development of edit and imputation specifications and programmes started in May and was completed in November 2011.

Data appraisal

Methods of evaluation applied were:

• Direct Method: Post Enumeration Survey (PES)- a sample of households is revisited after the census and data are again collected but on a smaller scale and later compared with that collected during the actual census. • Indirect Method: Comparison of data using both internal and external consistency checks. Internal consistency checks compare relationships of data within the same census data, whereas external consistency checks compare census data with data generated from other sources.

Coverage errors: • Omission or duplication of individuals, households, or housing units resulting in under or over enumeration. • Lack of accessibility or cooperation with respondents. • Lack of proper boundary descriptions on maps. Coverage errors can be measured by examining certain statistics such as growth rate, age composition, child woman ratio and dependency ratio.

Content errors: Content errors refer to instances where characteristics such as age, sex, marital status, economic activity, etc. of a person enumerated in a census or survey are incorrectly reported or tabulated. • Content errors are caused by either a respondent giving a wrong response or by an enumerator recording an incorrect response. • 2010 census errors were estimated by the use of the Myers' Index, Sex Ratios, Age Ratios and Population Pyramids.

For findings, please refer to the presentation on census data evaluation provided as external resources.

A household survey (cross sectional study) was conducted to establish the consumption of fish, fish products and other food items at household level (N=714). The role of fish and fish products in the diets of urban poor households, and how fish consumption is distributed within the household between women, children and men. Women and children in the first 1,000 days of life were specifically targeted. Children aged 24 – 59 months from participating households were also enrolled in the study. Lusaka district in Lusaka Province was purposively selected as the study area for the following reasons: it is an urban area within Lusaka Province with the highest number of high density settlement townships where the majority of the urban poor live in Zambia. The study targeted low-income settlement localities as the people living in these areas are most vulnerable to food and nutrition insecurity. To derive the sample size, the formula was applied; n is the minimum required sample size, Z is the Z score for the desired level of confidence (assumed to be 95% or = 0.05), is the population proportion of interest estimated to be 11%, the prevalence of stunted growth among children in Lusaka (27) and d is the margin of error (assumed to be 5%). The calculated sample size was further adjusted for the design effect and non-response rate (predicted to be 5%), to obtain the optimal sample size of 714 households. A sampling frame was developed from the 2010 Population Census and Housing report, in consultation with the local authorities and the Central Statistics Office (CSO). The sampling process involved, firstly, purposively selecting the three constituencies (Kanyama, Matero and Munali) from Lusaka district. From each constituency, one ward was randomly selected to participate in the study. In each reporting domain, study households were selected using a three-stage randomized cluster approach, with the first two stages using the Ward and Standard Enumeration Area (SEA) sampling frame from the 2010 CSO. A total of 36 SEAs (clusters) were identified and from each, 20 households were selected. Using a determined sampling interval, systematic random sampling was used in the final sampling stage. Primary data collection was carried out through a tablet-based questionnaire and by the use of the KoBo Toolkit, a platform to customise the survey to collect specific data, in this study: a) Demographic and socio-economic characteristics, including employment and income generating activities, water and sanitation, and household assets; b) Dietary diversity questionnaires were developed and used to collect dietary data for children, women and men. Guidelines on food groups to be included in the questionnaire as provided by FAO 2013 were used in developing the questionnaire for women, men and for household level data collection. The WHO 2010 guidelines were used in developing the questionnaire for collecting dietary data for children 6–23 months of age. Dietary diversity is a proxy for adequate micronutrient-density of foods. A 24 hour recall collected data that was used to estimate food intake for two adults within the household (one male and one female), infants aged 6 – 23 months and one child aged 2 – 5 years. Development of the 24 hr recall was based on the methods described by Gibson and Ferguson (2008). In addition, a dietary diversity questionnaire (FFQ) was used collect data on various food groups women, children and men consumed in the last 24 hours prior to the study. With focus on fish in the diet of young children, information was collected on the use of fish in the initiation of complementary feeding, the age at which fish is fed to children, the perceptions of mother and fathers of the importance of fish for growth and development of the young child. c) Anthropometric measurements such as weight and length/height were taken on the children and mothers/caregivers. This was done to enable determine the nutritional status of children 6 -23 months; 24- 59 months and women aged 19 – 49 years. The weights of children were taken using the SECA electronic scale and for those children, who were unable to stand, the parents/guardians were asked to carry them and their weights were subtracted from the mothers’ weight. The children’s weights were taken to the nearest 0.1 kg with minimal clothes on them. Length/height boards were used to take the length/height to the nearest 0.1 cm. Children’s age was verified using the clinic card. The mothers’ weight and height were also taken using the SECA scales. The measurements were used to determine mothers’ BMI.

Zambia Population: Age 15 and Above: Lusaka data was reported at 1,598,702.000 Person in 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,466,134.000 Person for 2012. Zambia Population: Age 15 and Above: Lusaka data is updated yearly, averaging 1,466,134.000 Person from Dec 2008 (Median) to 2014, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,598,702.000 Person in 2014 and a record low of 996,504.000 Person in 2008. Zambia Population: Age 15 and Above: Lusaka data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistical Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Zambia – Table ZM.G005: Population: by Province, Sex and Settlement Type.

3,4 (%) in 2024.

This statistic shows a forecast of the biggest cities in Zambia in 2022. In 2022, approximately 2.21 million people will live in Lusaka, making it the biggest city in Zambia.

Zambia CSOZ Forecast: Population: Mid Year: Lusaka data was reported at 5,465,775.000 Person in 2035. This records an increase from the previous number of 5,307,950.000 Person for 2034. Zambia CSOZ Forecast: Population: Mid Year: Lusaka data is updated yearly, averaging 3,739,872.000 Person from Jun 2011 (Median) to 2035, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,465,775.000 Person in 2035 and a record low of 2,362,967.000 Person in 2011. Zambia CSOZ Forecast: Population: Mid Year: Lusaka data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistical Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Zambia – Table ZM.G002: Population: Mid Year: Forecast: Central Statistical Office of Zambia.

Abstract

The primary objective of the 2018 ZDHS was to provide up-to-date estimates of basic demographic and health indicators. Specifically, the ZDHS collected information on: - Fertility levels and preferences; contraceptive use; maternal and child health; infant, child, and neonatal mortality levels; maternal mortality; and gender, nutrition, and awareness regarding HIV/AIDS and other health issues relevant to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) - Ownership and use of mosquito nets as part of the national malaria eradication programmes - Health-related matters such as breastfeeding, maternal and childcare (antenatal, delivery, and postnatal), children’s immunisations, and childhood diseases - Anaemia prevalence among women age 15-49 and children age 6-59 months - Nutritional status of children under age 5 (via weight and height measurements) - HIV prevalence among men age 15-59 and women age 15-49 and behavioural risk factors related to HIV - Assessment of situation regarding violence against women

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Children age 0-5
• Woman age 15-49
• Man age 15-59

Universe

The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), all women age 15-49, all men age 15-59, and all children age 0-5 years who are usual members of the selected households or who spent the night before the survey in the selected households.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The sampling frame used for the 2018 ZDHS is the Census of Population and Housing (CPH) of the Republic of Zambia, conducted in 2010 by ZamStats. Zambia is divided into 10 provinces. Each province is subdivided into districts, each district into constituencies, and each constituency into wards. In addition to these administrative units, during the 2010 CPH each ward was divided into convenient areas called census supervisory areas (CSAs), and in turn each CSA was divided into enumeration areas (EAs). An enumeration area is a geographical area assigned to an enumerator for the purpose of conducting a census count; according to the Zambian census frame, each EA consists of an average of 110 households.

The current version of the EA frame for the 2010 CPH was updated to accommodate some changes in districts and constituencies that occurred between 2010 and 2017. The list of EAs incorporates census information on households and population counts. Each EA has a cartographic map delineating its boundaries, with identification information and a measure of size, which is the number of residential households enumerated in the 2010 CPH. This list of EAs was used as the sampling frame for the 2018 ZDHS.

The 2018 ZDHS followed a stratified two-stage sample design. The first stage involved selecting sample points (clusters) consisting of EAs. EAs were selected with a probability proportional to their size within each sampling stratum. A total of 545 clusters were selected.

The second stage involved systematic sampling of households. A household listing operation was undertaken in all of the selected clusters. During the listing, an average of 133 households were found in each cluster, from which a fixed number of 25 households were selected through an equal probability systematic selection process, to obtain a total sample size of 13,625 households. Results from this sample are representative at the national, urban and rural, and provincial levels.

For further details on sample selection, see Appendix A of the final report.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Four questionnaires were used in the 2018 ZDHS: the Household Questionnaire, the Woman’s Questionnaire, the Man’s Questionnaire, and the Biomarker Questionnaire. The questionnaires, based on The DHS Program’s Model Questionnaires, were adapted to reflect the population and health issues relevant to Zambia. Input on questionnaire content was solicited from various stakeholders representing government ministries and agencies, nongovernmental organisations, and international cooperating partners. After all questionnaires were finalised in English, they were translated into seven local languages: Bemba, Kaonde, Lozi, Lunda, Luvale, Nyanja, and Tonga. In addition, information about the fieldworkers for the survey was collected through a self-administered Fieldworker Questionnaire.

Cleaning operations

All electronic data files were transferred via a secure internet file streaming system to the ZamStats central office in Lusaka, where they were stored on a password-protected computer. The data processing operation included secondary editing, which required resolution of computer-identified inconsistencies and coding of open-ended questions. The data were processed by two IT specialists and one secondary editor who took part in the main fieldwork training; they were supervised remotely by staff from The DHS Program. Data editing was accomplished using CSPro software. During the fieldwork, field-check tables were generated to check various data quality parameters, and specific feedback was given to the teams to improve performance. Secondary editing and data processing were initiated in July 2018 and completed in March 2019.

Response rate

Of the 13,595 households in the sample, 12,943 were occupied. Of these occupied households, 12,831 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 99%.

In the interviewed households, 14,189 women age 15-49 were identified as eligible for individual interviews; 13,683 women were interviewed, yielding a response rate of 96% (the same rate achieved in the 2013-14 survey). A total of 13,251 men were eligible for individual interviews; 12,132 of these men were interviewed, producing a response rate of 92% (a 1 percentage point increase from the previous survey).

Of the households successfully interviewed, 12,505 were interviewed in 2018 and 326 in 2019. As the large majority of households were interviewed in 2018 and the year for reference indicators is 2018.

Sampling error estimates

The estimates from a sample survey are affected by two types of errors: nonsampling errors and sampling errors. Nonsampling errors are the results of mistakes made in implementing data collection and data processing, such as failure to locate and interview the correct household, misunderstanding of the questions on the part of either the interviewer or the respondent, and data entry errors. Although numerous efforts were made during the implementation of the 2018 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS) to minimise this type of error, nonsampling errors are impossible to avoid and difficult to evaluate statistically.

Sampling errors, on the other hand, can be evaluated statistically. The sample of respondents selected in the 2018 ZDHS is only one of many samples that could have been selected from the same population, using the same design and expected size. Each of these samples would yield results that differ somewhat from the results of the actual sample selected. Sampling errors are a measure of the variability among all possible samples. Although the degree of variability is not known exactly, it can be estimated from the survey results.

Sampling error is usually measured in terms of the standard error for a particular statistic (mean, percentage, etc.), which is the square root of the variance. The standard error can be used to calculate confidence intervals within which the true value for the population can reasonably be assumed to fall. For example, for any given statistic calculated from a sample survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error of that statistic in 95% of all possible samples of identical size and design.

If the sample of respondents had been selected as a simple random sample, it would have been possible to use straightforward formulas for calculating sampling errors. However, the 2018 ZDHS sample is the result of a multi-stage stratified design, and, consequently, it was necessary to use more complex formulas. Sampling errors are computed in SAS, using programs developed by ICF. These programs use the Taylor linearisation method to estimate variances for survey estimates that are means, proportions, or ratios. The Jackknife repeated replication method is used for variance estimation of more complex statistics such as fertility and mortality rates.

Note: A more detailed description of estimates of sampling errors are presented in APPENDIX B of the survey report.

Data appraisal

Data Quality Tables - Household age distribution - Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women - Age distribution of eligible and interviewed men - Completeness of reporting - Births by calendar years - Reporting of age at death in days - Reporting of age at death in months - Completeness of information on siblings - Sibship size and sex ratio of siblings - Height and weight data completeness and quality for children - Number of enumeration areas completed by month, according to province, Zambia DHS 2018

Note: Data quality tables are presented in APPENDIX C of the report.

Abstract

The 2007 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS) is a national sample survey designed to provide up-to-date information on background characteristics of the respondents, fertility levels, nuptiality, sexual activity, fertility preferences, awareness and use of family planning methods; breastfeeding practices; nutritional status of mothers and young children; early childhood mortality and maternal mortality; maternal and child health; and awareness, behaviour, and prevalence regarding HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. The target groups were men age 15-59 and women age 15-49 in randomly selected households across Zambia. Information about children age 0-5 was also collected, including weight and height. The survey collected blood samples for syphilis and HIV testing in order to determine national prevalence rates.

While significantly expanded, the 2007 ZDHS is a follow-up to the 1992, 1996, and 2001-2002 ZDHS surveys and provides updated estimates of basic demographic and health indicators covered in the earlier surveys. The 2007 ZDHS is the second DHS that includes the collection of information on violence against women, and syphilis and HIV testing. In addition, data on malaria prevention and treatment were collected.

The ZDHS was implemented by the Central Statistical Office (CSO) in partnership with the Ministry of Health, the Tropical Disease Research Centre (TDRC), and the Demography Division at the University of Zambia (UNZA) from April to October 2007. The TDRC provided technical support in the implementation of the syphilis and HIV testing. Macro International provided technical assistance as well as funding to the project through MEASURE DHS, a USAID-funded project providing support and technical assistance in the implementation of population and health surveys in countries worldwide.

The main objective is to provide information on levels and trends in fertility, childhood mortality, use of family planning methods, and maternal and child health indicators including HIV/AIDS. This information is necessary for programme managers, policymakers, and implementers to monitor and evaluate the impact of existing programmes and to design new initiatives for health policies in Zambia.

The primary objectives of the 2007 ZDHS project are:
- To collect up-to-date information on fertility, infant and child mortality, and family planning. - To collect information on health-related matters such as breastfeeding, antenatal care, children’s immunisations, and childhood diseases. - To assess the nutritional status of mothers and children. - To support dissemination and utilization of the results in planning, managing, and improving family planning and health services in the country. - To enhance the survey capabilities of the institutions involved in order to facilitate the implementation of surveys of this type in future.
- To document current epidemics of STIs and HIV/AIDS through use of specialized modules.

For HIV/AIDS and syphilis in particular, the testing component of the 2007 Zambia DHS was undertaken to provide information to address the monitoring and evaluation needs of government and non-governmental organization programmes addressing HIV/AIDS and syphilis, and to provide programme managers and policy makers with the information that they need to effectively plan and implement future interventions. The overall objective of the survey was to collect high-quality and representative data on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours regarding HIV/AIDS and other STIs, and on the prevalence of HIV and syphilis infection among women and men.

Geographic coverage

The 2007 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS) is a nationally-representative survey. The sample was designed to provide estimates of population and health indicators at the national and provincial levels. The sample design allowed for specific indicators, such as contraceptive use, to be calculated for each of the nine provinces (Central, Copperbelt, Eastern, Lusaka, Luapula, Northern, North-Western, Southern, and Western).

Analysis unit

• Household
• Children under five years
• Women age 15-49
• Men age 15-59

Kind of data

Sample survey data

Sampling procedure

The sample for the 2007 ZDHS was designed to provide estimates of population and health indicators at the national and provincial levels. The sample design allowed for specific indicators, such as contraceptive use, to be calculated for each of the nine provinces (Central, Copperbelt, Eastern, Lusaka, Luapula, Northern, North-Western, Southern, and Western). The sampling frame used for the 2007 ZDHS was adopted from the Census of Population and Housing of the Republic of Zambia (CPH) conducted in 2000, provided by the CSO. The frame consists of 16,757 standard enumeration areas (SEA) created for the CPH 2000. A SEA is a convenient geographical area with an average size of 130 households or 600 people. A SEA contains information about its location, the type of residence, the number of households and the number of males and females in the population. Each SEA has a cartographical map, which delimits the boundaries and shows the main landmarks of the SEA.

A representative sample of 8,000 households was drawn for the 2007 ZDHS survey. The sample for ZDHS 2007 was a stratified sample selected in two stages from the CPH 2000 frame. Stratification was achieved by separating every province into urban and rural areas. Therefore, the nine provinces were stratified into 18 sampling strata. Samples were selected independently in every stratum by a two-stage selection. Implicit stratifications and proportional allocation was achieved at each of the lower geographical/administrative levels by sorting the sampling frame according to the geographical/administrative order and by using a probability proportional to size selection at the first-stage sampling.

In the first stage, 320 SEAs were selected with probability proportional to the SEA size. The household listing operation was conducted in all selected SEAs, with the resulting lists of households serving as the sampling frame for the selection of households in the second stage. Selected SEAs with more than 300 households were segmented, with only one segment selected for the survey with probability proportional to the segment size. Household listing was conducted only in the selected segment. Therefore, a ZDHS 2007 cluster is either an SEA or a segment of an SEA. In the second-stage selection, an average number of 25 households were selected in every cluster, by equal probability systematic sampling. A complete listing of households and a mapping exercise was carried out for each cluster in August 2006. All private households were listed. The listing excluded people living in institutional households (army barracks, hospitals, police camps, boarding schools, etc.). CSO listing enumerators were trained to use Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers to record the geographic coordinates of the 2007 ZDHS sample clusters.

All women age 15-49 and all men age 15-59 who were either permanent residents of the households in the 2007 ZDHS sample or visitors present in the household on the night before the survey were eligible to be interviewed. HIV testing was performed in each household among eligible women and men who consented to the test. In a sub-sample of one in every three households, syphilis testing was performed among eligible women and men who consented to the test. In addition, a subsample of one eligible woman in each household was randomly selected to be asked additional questions about domestic violence.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face

Research instrument

Three questionnaires were used for the 2007 ZDHS. They are the Household Questionnaire, the Women’s Questionnaire, and the Men’s Questionnaire. These questionnaires were based on questionnaires developed for the MEASURE DHS programme and were adapted to reflect the population and health issues relevant to Zambia at a series of meetings with various stakeholders from government ministries and agencies, non-governmental organizations, and international donors. In addition to English, the questionnaires were translated into seven major local languages, Nyanja, Bemba, Kaonde, Lunda, Lozi, Tonga, and Luvale.

The Household Questionnaire was used to list all the usual members and visitors of selected households. Some basic information was collected on the characteristics of each person listed,including age, sex, education, and relationship to the head of the household. For children under age 18, survival status of the parents was determined. If a child in the household had a parent who was sick for more than three consecutive months in the 12 months preceding the survey or had a parent who had died, additional questions related to support for orphans and vulnerable children were asked. Additionally, if an adult in the household was sick for three or more consecutive months in the 12 months preceding the survey or an adult in the household died, questions were asked related to support for sick people or people who had died. The Household Questionnaire was also used to identify women and men who were eligible for the individual interview. In addition, the Household Questionnaire collected information about the dwelling, such as the source of water; type of toilet facilities; materials used to construct the house; ownership of various durable goods; and ownership and use of mosquito nets. The Household Questionnaire was also used to record height and weight measurements for children age 5-59 months and women age 15-49 years. Additionally, the Household Questionnaire included questions on malaria prevention as

Zambia Population: Inactivity Rate: Lusaka data was reported at 27.400 % in 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of 25.500 % for 2012. Zambia Population: Inactivity Rate: Lusaka data is updated yearly, averaging 27.400 % from Dec 2008 (Median) to 2014, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 34.400 % in 2008 and a record low of 25.500 % in 2012. Zambia Population: Inactivity Rate: Lusaka data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistical Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Zambia – Table ZM.G015: Economically Inactive Population by Province and Sex.

Abstract

The 2001-2002 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS) was carried out by the Central Statistical Office and the Central Board of Health. It is a nationally representative sample of 7,658 women age 15-49 and 2,145 men age 15-59. The principal objective of the survey was to provide data to policymakers and planners on the population and health situation in Zambia. Most of the information collected in the 2001-2002 ZDHS represents updated estimates of basic demographic and health indicators covered in the 1992 ZDHS and 1996 ZDHS surveys.

The 2001-2002 ZDHS was conducted by the Central Statistical Office (CSO) and the Central Board of Health (CBoH). ORC Macro of Calverton, Maryland provided technical assistance to the project through its contract with the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). Funding for the survey was supplied by ORC Macro (from USAID), the Government of Japan through a trust fund managed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and through bilateral agreements between the Government of the Republic of Zambia and the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), and the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA).

The primary objectives of the ZDHS are: - To collect up-to-date information on fertility, infant and child mortality and family planning; - To collect information on health-related matters such as breastfeeding, antenatal care, children's immunisations and childhood diseases; - To assess the nutritional status of mothers and children; - To support dissemination and utilisation of the results in planning, managing and improving family planning and health services in the country;
- To enhance the survey capabilities of the institutions involved in order to facilitate the implementation of surveys of this type in the future; and - To document current epidemics of sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS through use of specialised modules.

Specifically, the 2001-2002 ZDHS collected detailed information on fertility and family planning, child mortality and maternal mortality, maternal and child health and nutritional status, and knowledge, awareness and behaviour regarding HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. New features of the 20012002 ZDHS include the collection of information on violence against women and testing of individuals for HIV and syphilis.

Geographic coverage

The DHS 2001-02 is a nationally representative survey. The primary focus of the 2001 Zambia DHS is to provide estimates of key population and health indicators, including fertility and mortality rates, for the country as a whole, and for urban and rural areas separately. Also, the sample was designed to provide estimates of key variables for the nine provinces, namely, 1) Central, 2) Copperbelt, 3) Eastern, 4) Luapula, 5) Lusaka, 6) Northern, 7) North-Western, 8) Southern, and 9) Western. In addition, the sample provides basic information for a total of 12 combined districts (not each separately) that are the special focus of the Zambia Integrated Health Programme (Livingstone, Kalomo, Chibombo, Kabwe Urban, Ndola Urban, Kitwe, Chipata, Lundazi, Chama, Kasama, Samfya, and Mwense).

Analysis unit

• Household
• women age 15-49
• Men age 15-59
• Children under five years

Universe

The population covered by the 2001-2002 ZDHS is defined as the universe of all women age 1549 in Zambia and all men age 15-59. A sample of households was selected and all women age 15-49 identified in the households were interviewed. In addition, in a subsample of one-third of all the households selected for the ZDHS, all men 15-59 were eligible to be interviewed if they were either permanent residents or visitors present in the household on the night before the survey.

Kind of data

Sample survey data

Sampling procedure

The 2001-2002 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS) is a comprehensive nationally representative population and health survey carried out by the Central Statistical Office in partnership with the Central Board of Health. ORC Macro provided financial and technical assistance for the survey through the USAID-funded MEASURE DHS+ programme. Additional funding for the ZDHS was received from the Government of Japan, UNFPA, and DANIDA. The principal objective of the ZDHS is to provide current and reliable data on fertility and family planning behaviour, child mortality, children's nutritional status, the utilization of maternal, child health services, knowledge and prevalence of HIV and syphilis.

SAMPLE DOMAINS

The Zambia DHS collected demographic and health information from a nationally representative sample of women and men age 15-49 and 15-59, respectively. The primary focus of the 2001 Zambia DHS is to provide estimates of key population and health indicators, including fertility and mortality rates, for the country as a whole, and for urban and rural areas separately. Also, the sample was designed to provide estimates of key variables for the nine provinces, namely, 1) Central, 2) Copperbelt, 3) Eastern, 4) Luapula, 5) Lusaka, 6) Northern, 7) North-Western, 8) Southern, and 9) Western. In addition, the sample provides basic information for a total of 12 combined districts (not each separately) that are the special focus of the Zambia Integrated Health Programme (Livingstone, Kalomo, Chibombo, Kabwe Urban, Ndola Urban, Kitwe, Chipata, Lundazi, Chama, Kasama, Samfya, and Mwense).

SAMPLE FRAME

Zambia is divided into nine provinces. In turn, each province is subdivided in districts, each district into constituencies, and each constituency into wards. In addition to these administrative units, during the 2000 population census, each ward was subdivided into convenient areas called census supervisory areas (CSAs), and in turn each CSA into standard enumeration areas (SEAs). In total Zambia has 72 districts, 150 constituencies, 1,289 wards, about 4,400 CSAs, and about 16,400 SEAs. Preliminary information on the counts of households and population, as well as cartographic materials were available from the 2000 population census for the SEAs. Therefore, the sample frame for this survey was the list of SEAs developed from the 2000 population census.

STRATIFICATION

In the preliminary census frame, the SEAs were grouped by CSAs, by CSAs within a ward, by wards within a constituency, by constituencies within a district and by districts within a province for purposes of the ZDHS. The SEAs were further stratified separately by urban and rural areas within each province.

SAMPLE ALLOCATION

The primary sampling unit (PSU), the cluster for the 2001-2002 ZDHS, is defined on the basis of SEAs from the census frame. A minimum requirement of 85 households for the cluster size was imposed in the design. If an SEA did not have 85 households, it was combined with an adjacent SEA; thus, the ZDHS cluster comprised one or more SEAs. The number of clusters in each district was not allocated proportional to the total population due to the need to present estimates by each of the nine provinces. Zambia is a country where two-thirds of the population reside in rural areas, and one-third in urban areas.

The target for the 2001-2002 ZDHS sample was 8,000 completed interviews. Based on the level of non-response found in the 1996 ZDHS, to achieve this target, approximately 8,200 households were selected, with all women age 15-49 being interviewed. The target was to reach a minimum of 750 completed interviews per province. In each province the number of households was distributed proportionately among the urban and rural areas. Table A.2 shows the distribution of about 8,200 households by province.

The urban-rural distribution was also considered in distributing the sample. The selected households were distributed in 320 clusters in Zambia, 100 clusters in the urban areas, and 220 clusters in the rural areas.

Under this final allocation, the 12 combined districts of the Zambia Integrated Health Programme have 77 selected clusters, 36 in urban areas and 41 in rural areas.

SAMPLE SELECTION

The 2001-2002 ZDHS sample was selected using a stratified two-stage cluster design consisting of 320 clusters, 100 in urban and 220 in rural areas. Once the number of households was allocated to each combination of province by urban and rural areas, the number of clusters was calculated based on an average sample take of 25 completed interviews among women 15-49 years. In each urban or rural area in a given province, clusters were selected systematically with probability proportional to the number of households in each cluster.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face

Research instrument

Three questionnaires were used for the 2001-2002 ZDHS: a) the Household Questionnaire, b) the Women's Questionnaire c) the Men's Questionnaire.

The contents of these questionnaires were based on the model questionnaires developed by the MEASURE DHS+ programme for use in countries with low levels of contraceptive use.

In consultation with technical institutions, local and international organisations, the CSO modified the DHS model questionnaires to reflect relevant issues in population, family planning and other health issues in Zambia. A series of questionnaire design meetings were organised by the CSO with the assistance of ORC Macro, and the inputs generated in these meetings were used to produce the first draft of the ZDHS questionnaires. These questionnaires were translated from English into the seven major languages, namely Bemba, Kaonde, Lozi, Lunda, Luvale, Nyanja, and Tonga.

a) The Household Questionnaire was used to list all the usual members and visitors in the selected

86,4 (percent) in 2024.

A population-based survey was conducted in Lusaka Province, Zambia, to generate estimates on the proportion of persons living with chronic hepatitis B infection who may need antiviral therapy and to identify sociodemographic correlates of hepatitis B. The overall data set contains close to 5000 individuals who were tested in the population and 148 who were HBsAg positive and came to a central hospital for in-depth evaluation of their liver and indications for antiviral therapy.

Zambia Population: Mid Year: Lusaka data was reported at 2,191,225.000 Person in 2010. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,733,830.000 Person for 2009. Zambia Population: Mid Year: Lusaka data is updated yearly, averaging 1,579,769.000 Person from Jun 2000 (Median) to 2010, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,191,225.000 Person in 2010 and a record low of 1,391,329.000 Person in 2000. Zambia Population: Mid Year: Lusaka data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Statistical Office. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Zambia – Table ZM.G001: Population: Mid Year.

1.961.205 (persons) in 2024.