Philippines Population: Region XI: Southern Mindanao data was reported at 4,893.318 Person th in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,468.563 Person th for 2010. Philippines Population: Region XI: Southern Mindanao data is updated yearly, averaging 3,482.494 Person th from Dec 1975 (Median) to 2015, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,893.318 Person th in 2015 and a record low of 2,198.683 Person th in 1980. Philippines Population: Region XI: Southern Mindanao data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Philippine Statistics Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Philippines – Table PH.G001: Population: Census 2010.

Philippines Population: Region X: Northern Mindanao data was reported at 4,689.302 Person th in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,297.323 Person th for 2010. Philippines Population: Region X: Northern Mindanao data is updated yearly, averaging 3,351.383 Person th from Dec 1975 (Median) to 2015, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,689.302 Person th in 2015 and a record low of 1,336.954 Person th in 1975. Philippines Population: Region X: Northern Mindanao data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Philippine Statistics Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Philippines – Table PH.G001: Population: Census 2010.

Philippines Population Density: Region X: Northern Mindanao data was reported at 229.000 Person/sq km in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 210.000 Person/sq km for 2010. Philippines Population Density: Region X: Northern Mindanao data is updated yearly, averaging 163.492 Person/sq km from Dec 1975 (Median) to 2015, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 229.000 Person/sq km in 2015 and a record low of 95.300 Person/sq km in 1975. Philippines Population Density: Region X: Northern Mindanao data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Philippine Statistics Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Philippines – Table PH.G002: Population and Population Density: Census.

Philippines Population: Region IX: Western Mindanao data was reported at 3,629.783 Person th in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 3,407.353 Person th for 2010. Philippines Population: Region IX: Western Mindanao data is updated yearly, averaging 2,699.532 Person th from Dec 1975 (Median) to 2015, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,629.783 Person th in 2015 and a record low of 1,399.371 Person th in 1975. Philippines Population: Region IX: Western Mindanao data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Philippine Statistics Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Philippines – Table PH.G001: Population: Census 2010.

Philippines Population: Region XII: Central Mindanao data was reported at 4,545.276 Person th in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,109.571 Person th for 2010. Philippines Population: Region XII: Central Mindanao data is updated yearly, averaging 3,034.568 Person th from Dec 1975 (Median) to 2015, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,545.276 Person th in 2015 and a record low of 1,222.777 Person th in 1975. Philippines Population: Region XII: Central Mindanao data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Philippine Statistics Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Philippines – Table PH.G002: Population and Population Density: Census.

2,14 (%) in 2010.

3.248.787 (Persons) in 2010.

0.4970 (Share (Percent/100)) in 2010.

0,6101 (Share (Percent/100)) in 2010.

46,19,540 (Persons) in 2013.

2,20 (%) in 2010.

97 (Persons per Sq. Km) in 2010.

In the Philippines' Northern Mindanao region, the morbidity rate of hypertension per 100,000 population amounted to approximately 486.2 in 2021. In comparison, the morbidity rate of acute watery diarrhea per 100,000 inhabitants was only 48.3. .

Philippines Population Density: Autonomous Region for Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) data was reported at 103.000 Person/sq km in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 89.000 Person/sq km for 2010. Philippines Population Density: Autonomous Region for Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) data is updated yearly, averaging 73.246 Person/sq km from Dec 1975 (Median) to 2015, with 8 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 122.967 Person/sq km in 2007 and a record low of 47.000 Person/sq km in 1980. Philippines Population Density: Autonomous Region for Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Philippine Statistics Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Philippines – Table PH.G005: Population Density.

44,52,549 (Persons) in 2010.

Abstract

Estimated at 10 to 20 percent of the 109 million population in Philippines, Indigenous Peoples (IPs) are among the poorest and most marginalized, although they live in regions with vast natural resources. The lack of representation of IPs in official surveys and administrative data prevents an accurate assessment of their living conditions and the socio-economic challenges they face. This silences their voice, obscures state accountability towards them, and limits their agency to take on a more active role in society. The few available data and anecdotal evidence reveal that IPs face important inequalities of opportunity in several human development dimensions, which are likely aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the extent of these inequalities is not well understood, due to scant data and research on IPs. The lack of surveys with information on ethnicity has also made it difficult to examine the type and extent of inequalities among and within ethnic groups in the country, as well as the impact of intersectionality with gender, disability, and place of residence on their inclusion. This represents a significant challenge when creating public policy at the national level or poverty reduction programs at the local level, as IPs remain unnoticed, unaccounted for, and ultimately deprived of their rights and any real benefit.

Therefore, reliable data on IPs is urgently needed, particularly in this COVID-19 era where IPs can be disproportionately disadvantaged due to legacies of inequality and exclusion. Hence, to collect data and inform evidence-based policy/decision making to better target the needs of IPs, the World Bank commissioned this first ever IP-specific household (HH) survey in Philippines to Philippine Survey and Research Center, Inc. (PSRC).

The main objective of this quantitative household survey is to improve the current understanding about the Indigenous Peoples (IPs) population in the Philippines, and eventually, craft strategies when addressing inequality or representation of the group. Specifically, the study aims to: 1. Collect as much data and inform evidence-based policy/decision making to better target the needs of IPs; 2. Gauge a better view/understanding of the IPs’ poverty, socio-economic condition and the exercise of their rights; 3. Add current knowledge into the ongoing World Bank Advisory Services and Analytics on the Indigenous Peoples of the Philippines.

Geographic coverage

Selected IP areas in the Philippines

Analysis unit

Indigenous Peoples (IPs) and Non-Indigenous Peoples (NIPs) with the following specifications: • Male/Female • 18 years old and above

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Stratified multi-stage area probability sampling was employed as follows: • Stratification: The sample was stratified by region and by locale (i.e., urban/rural) • First Stage: Independent random selection of PSUs (barangays) within the strata • Second Stage: Selection of SSUs (households) within the sampled PSUs

A household is defined as a social unit consisting of a person or a group of persons who sleep in the same housing unit and have a common arrangement in the preparation and consumption of food. Household is often comprised of individuals related by blood . Other members of households not related to the household head by blood such as helper, borders, and non relatives can be included as member of the household as long they prepare and consume food together and do not go home to the fa mily more than once in a week. The domain was the Philippines’ 17 administrative regions. Using the Indigenous Peoples (IP) household population from the 2020 Census, the following information were computed: • Proportion of IP household population from Census for each region • Proportion of each region out of total IP household population

To manage cost and timings, sampling coverage was focused on regions greater than or about 3% from both information above and IP household population of at least 250,000. The 2,400 sample was then split into these regions to arrive at the desired area cuts: • CAR • Other Selected Luzon Regions (Cagayan Valley, MIMAROPA) • Western Visayas • Other Mindanao Regions (Zamboanga Peninsula, Northern Mindanao, Davao, SOCCSKSARGEN, CARAGA) • BARMM

From the sample of 2,400, there were 240 PSUs across the 10 covered regions. The 240 PSUs covered were split proportionately across the 10 regions using the IP household population. The table below shows the sampling breakdown at regional level.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Available in the English language but conducted in either English or Tagalog

Response rate

To achieve 2,400 completed interviews, 12,131 households were approached/ knocked. Of the 12,131 households knocked, 2,273 refused, 3,028 gave no reply or door locked, and 4,430 were not eligible given the specific requirements that we were looking for. The response rate among eligible interviews is 51%. Response rate is higher in Luzon and lowest in Mindanao.

In 2014, there were around one thousand crime incidents per 100,000 individuals across the Northern Mindanao Region of the Philippines. The region has about 4.7 million population and a total land area of approximately two million hectares.

Philippines Incidence of Poor Population: Northern Mindanao data was reported at 36.600 % in 2015. This records a decrease from the previous number of 39.500 % for 2012. Philippines Incidence of Poor Population: Northern Mindanao data is updated yearly, averaging 41.950 % from Dec 1988 (Median) to 2015, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 54.100 % in 1994 and a record low of 36.600 % in 2015. Philippines Incidence of Poor Population: Northern Mindanao data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Philippine Statistics Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Philippines – Table PH.H025: Family Income and Expenditure Survey: Poverty Statistics and Proportion of Poor Population: By Regions.

In 2023, there were about 2.6 million overnight domestic travelers in Region 10 or the Northern Mindanao region of the Philippines. In addition, there were roughly 39,000 foreign tourists that visited the region in that year. The number of overnight travelers in the region gradually increased in the past three years.

The 1993 National Demographic Survey (NDS) is a nationally representative sample survey of women age 15-49 designed to collect information on fertility; family planning; infant, child and maternal mortality; and maternal and child health. The survey was conducted between April and June 1993. The 1993 NDS was carried out by the National Statistics Office in collaboration with the Department of Health, the University of the Philippines Population Institute, and other agencies concerned with population, health and family planning issues. Funding for the 1993 NDS was provided by the U.S. Agency for International Development through the Demographic and Health Surveys Program. Close to 13,000 households throughout the country were visited during the survey and more than 15,000 women age 15-49 were interviewed. The results show that fertility in the Philippines continues its gradual decline. At current levels, Filipino women will give birth on average to 4.1 children during their reproductive years, 0.2 children less than that recorded in 1988. However, the total fertility rate in the Philippines remains high in comparison to the level achieved in the neighboring Southeast Asian countries. The primary objective of the 1993 NDS is to provide up-to-date inform ation on fertility and mortality levels; nuptiality; fertility preferences; awareness, approval, and use of family planning methods; breastfeeding practices; and maternal and child health. This information is intended to assist policymakers and administrators in evaluating and designing programs and strategies for improving health and family planning services in 'the country. MAIN RESULTS Fertility varies significantly by region and socioeconomic characteristics. Urban women have on average 1.3 children less than rural women, and uneducated women have one child more than women with college education. Women in Bicol have on average 3 more children than women living in Metropolitan Manila. Virtually all women know of a family planning method; the pill, female sterilization, IUD and condom are known to over 90 percent of women. Four in 10 married women are currently using contraception. The most popular method is female sterilization ( 12 percent), followed by the piU (9 percent), and natural family planning and withdrawal, both used by 7 percent of married women. Contraceptive use is highest in Northern Mindanao, Central Visayas and Southern Mindanao, in urban areas, and among women with higher than secondary education. The contraceptive prevalence rate in the Philippines is markedly lower than in the neighboring Southeast Asian countries; the percentage of married women who were using family planning in Thailand was 66 percent in 1987, and 50 percent in Indonesia in 199l. The majority of contraceptive users obtain their methods from a public service provider (70 percent). Government health facilities mainly provide permanent methods, while barangay health stations or health centers are the main sources for the pill, IUD and condom. Although Filipino women already marry at a relatively higher age, they continue to delay the age at which they first married. Half of Filipino women marry at age 21.6. Most women have their first sexual intercourse after marriage. Half of married women say that they want no more children, and 12 percent have been sterilized. An additional 19 percent want to wait at least two years before having another child. Almost two thirds of women in the Philippines express a preference for having 3 or less children. Results from the survey indicate that if all unwanted births were avoided, the total fertility rate would be 2.9 children, which is almost 30 percent less than the observed rate, More than one quarter of married women in the Philippines are not using any contraceptive method, but want to delay their next birth for two years or more (12 percent), or want to stop childbearing (14 percent). If the potential demand for family planning is satisfied, the contraceptive prevalence rate could increase to 69 percent. The demand for stopping childbearing is about twice the level for spacing (45 and 23 percent, respectively). Information on various aspects of maternal and child health-antenatal care, vaccination, breastfeeding and food supplementation, and illness was collected in the 1993 NDS on births in the five years preceding the survey. The findings show that 8 in 10 children under five were bom to mothers who received antenatal care from either midwives or nurses (45 percent) or doctors (38 percent). Delivery by a medical personnel is received by more than half of children born in the five years preceding the survey. However, the majority of deliveries occurred at home. Tetanus, a leading cause of infant deaths, can be prevented by immunization of the mother during pregnancy. In the Philippines, two thirds of bitlhs in the five years preceding the survey were to mothers who received a tetanus toxoid injection during pregnancy. Based on reports of mothers and information obtained from health cards, 90 percent of children aged 12-23 months have received shots of the BCG as well as the first doses of DPT and polio, and 81 percent have received immunization from measles. Immunization coverage declines with doses; the drop out rate is 3 to 5 percent for children receiving the full dose series of DPT and polio. Overall, 7 in 10 children age 12-23 months have received immunization against the six principal childhood diseases-polio, diphtheria, ~rtussis, tetanus, measles and tuberculosis. During the two weeks preceding the survey, 1 in 10 children under 5 had diarrhea. Four in ten of these children were not treated. Among those who were treated, 27 percent were given oral rehydration salts, 36 percent were given recommended home solution or increased fluids. Breasffeeding is less common in the Philippines than in many other developing countries. Overall, a total of 13 percent of children born in the 5 years preceding the survey were not breastfed at all. On the other hand, bottle feeding, a widely discouraged practice, is relatively common in the Philippines. Children are weaned at an early age; one in four children age 2-3 months were exclusively breastfed, and the mean duration of breastfeeding is less than 3 months. Infant and child mortality in the Philippines have declined significantly in the past two decades. For every 1,000 live births, 34 infants died before their first birthday. Childhood mortality varies significantly by mother's residence and education. The mortality of urban infants is about 40 percent lower than that of rural infants. The probability of dying among infants whose mother had no formal schooling is twice as high as infants whose mother have secondary or higher education. Children of mothers who are too young or too old when they give birth, have too many prior births, or give birth at short intervals have an elevated mortality risk. Mortality risk is highest for children born to mothers under age 19. The 1993 NDS also collected information necessary for the calculation of adult and maternal mortality using the sisterhood method. For both males and females, at all ages, male mortality is higher than that of females. Matemal mortality ratio for the 1980-1986 is estimated at 213 per 100,000 births, and for the 1987-1993 period 209 per 100,000 births. However, due to the small number of sibling deaths reported in the survey, age-specific rates should be used with caution. Information on health and family planning services available to the residents of the 1993 NDS barangay was collected from a group of respondents in each location. Distance and time to reach a family planning service provider has insignificant association with whether a woman uses contraception or the choice of contraception being used. On the other hand, being close to a hospital increases the likelihood that antenatal care and births are to respondents who receive ANC and are delivered by a medical personnel or delivered in a health facility.