Prior to the arrival of European explorers in the Americas in 1492, it is estimated that the population of the continent was around sixty million people. Over the next two centuries, most scholars agree that the indigenous population fell to just ten percent of its pre-colonization level, primarily due to the Old World diseases (namely smallpox) brought to the New World by Europeans and African slaves, as well as through violence and famine.

Distribution

It is thought that the most densely populated region of the Americas was in the fertile Mexican valley, home to over one third of the entire continent, including several Mesoamerican civilizations such as the Aztec empire. While the mid-estimate shows a population of over 21 million before European arrival, one estimate suggests that there were just 730,000 people of indigenous descent in Mexico in 1620, just one hundred years after Cortes' arrival. Estimates also suggest that the Andes, home to the Incas, was the second most-populous region in the Americas, while North America (in this case, the region north of the Rio Grande river) may have been the most sparsely populated region. There is some contention as to the size of the pre-Columbian populations in the Caribbean, as the mass genocides, forced relocation, and pandemics that followed in the early stages of Spanish colonization make it difficult to predict these numbers.

Varying estimates Estimating the indigenous populations of the Americas has proven to be a challenge and point of contention for modern historians. Totals from reputable sources range from 8.4 million people to 112.55 million, and while both of these totals were published in the 1930s and 1960s respectively, their continued citation proves the ambiguity surrounding this topic. European settlers' records from the 15th to 17th centuries have also created challenges, due to their unrealistic population predictions and inaccurate methodologies (for example, many early settlers only counted the number of warriors in each civilization). Nonetheless, most modern historians use figures close to those given in the "Middle estimate" shown here, with similar distributions by region.

South America has a complex demographic history shaped by multiple migration and admixture events in pre- and post-colonial times. Settled over 14,000 years ago by Native Americans, South America has experienced migrations of European and African individuals, similar to other regions in the Americas. However, the timing and magnitude of these events resulted in markedly different patterns of admixture throughout Latin America. We use genome-wide SNP data for 437 admixed individuals from 5 countries (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, and Argentina) to explore the population structure and demographic history of South American Latinos. We combined these data with population reference panels from Africa, Asia, Europe and the Americas to perform global ancestry analysis and infer the subcontinental origin of the European and Native American ancestry components of the admixed individuals. By applying ancestry-specific PCA analyses we find that most of the European ancestry in South American Latinos is from the Iberian Peninsula; however, many individuals trace their ancestry back to Italy, especially within Argentina. We find a strong gradient in the Native American ancestry component of South American Latinos associated with country of origin and the geography of local indigenous populations. For example, Native American genomic segments in Peruvians show greater affinities with Andean indigenous peoples like Quechua and Aymara, whereas Native American haplotypes from Colombians tend to cluster with Amazonian and coastal tribes from northern South America. Using ancestry tract length analysis we modeled post-colonial South American migration history as the youngest in Latin America during European colonization (9–14 generations ago), with an additional strong pulse of European migration occurring between 3 and 9 generations ago. These genetic footprints can impact our understanding of population-level differences in biomedical traits and, thus, inform future medical genetic studies in the region.

The earliest point where scientists can make reasonable estimates for the population of global regions is around 10,000 years before the Common Era (or 12,000 years ago). Estimates suggest that Asia has consistently been the most populated continent, and the least populated continent has generally been Oceania (although it was more heavily populated than areas such as North America in very early years). Population growth was very slow, but an increase can be observed between most of the given time periods. There were, however, dips in population due to pandemics, the most notable of these being the impact of plague in Eurasia in the 14th century, and the impact of European contact with the indigenous populations of the Americas after 1492, where it took almost four centuries for the population of Latin America to return to its pre-1500 level. The world's population first reached one billion people in 1803, which also coincided with a spike in population growth, due to the onset of the demographic transition. This wave of growth first spread across the most industrially developed countries in the 19th century, and the correlation between demographic development and industrial or economic maturity continued until today, with Africa being the final major region to begin its transition in the late-1900s.

The world's population first reached one billion people in 1803, and reach eight billion in 2023, and will peak at almost 11 billion by the end of the century. Although it took thousands of years to reach one billion people, it did so at the beginning of a phenomenon known as the demographic transition; from this point onwards, population growth has skyrocketed, and since the 1960s the population has increased by one billion people every 12 to 15 years. The demographic transition sees a sharp drop in mortality due to factors such as vaccination, sanitation, and improved food supply; the population boom that follows is due to increased survival rates among children and higher life expectancy among the general population; and fertility then drops in response to this population growth. Regional differences The demographic transition is a global phenomenon, but it has taken place at different times across the world. The industrialized countries of Europe and North America were the first to go through this process, followed by some states in the Western Pacific. Latin America's population then began growing at the turn of the 20th century, but the most significant period of global population growth occurred as Asia progressed in the late-1900s. As of the early 21st century, almost two thirds of the world's population live in Asia, although this is set to change significantly in the coming decades. Future growth The growth of Africa's population, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, will have the largest impact on global demographics in this century. From 2000 to 2100, it is expected that Africa's population will have increased by a factor of almost five. It overtook Europe in size in the late 1990s, and overtook the Americas a decade later. In contrast to Africa, Europe's population is now in decline, as birth rates are consistently below death rates in many countries, especially in the south and east, resulting in natural population decline. Similarly, the population of the Americas and Asia are expected to go into decline in the second half of this century, and only Oceania's population will still be growing alongside Africa. By 2100, the world's population will have over three billion more than today, with the vast majority of this concentrated in Africa. Demographers predict that climate change is exacerbating many of the challenges that currently hinder progress in Africa, such as political and food instability; if Africa's transition is prolonged, then it may result in further population growth that would place a strain on the region's resources, however, curbing this growth earlier would alleviate some of the pressure created by climate change.

This dataset provides values for POPULATION reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Author: Joseph Kerski, post_secondary_educator, Esri and University of DenverGrade/Audience: high school, ap human geography, post secondary, professional developmentResource type: lessonSubject topic(s): population, maps, citiesRegion: africa, asia, australia oceania, europe, north america, south america, united states, worldStandards: All APHG population tenets. Geography for Life cultural and population geography standards. Objectives: 1. Understand how population change and demographic characteristics are evident at a variety of scales in a variety of places around the world. 2. Understand the whys of where through analysis of change over space and time. 3. Develop skills using spatial data and interactive maps. 4. Understand how population data is communicated using 2D and 3D maps, visualizations, and symbology. Summary: Teaching and learning about demographics and population change in an effective, engaging manner is enriched and enlivened through the use of web mapping tools and spatial data. These tools, enabled by the advent of cloud-based geographic information systems (GIS) technology, bring problem solving, critical thinking, and spatial analysis to every classroom instructor and student (Kerski 2003; Jo, Hong, and Verma 2016).

In the middle of 2023, about 60 percent of the global population was living in Asia.The total world population amounted to 8.1 billion people on the planet. In other words 4.7 billion people were living in Asia as of 2023. Global populationDue to medical advances, better living conditions and the increase of agricultural productivity, the world population increased rapidly over the past century, and is expected to continue to grow. After reaching eight billion in 2023, the global population is estimated to pass 10 billion by 2060. Africa expected to drive population increase Most of the future population increase is expected to happen in Africa. The countries with the highest population growth rate in 2024 were mostly African countries. While around 1.47 billion people live on the continent as of 2024, this is forecast to grow to 3.9 billion by 2100. This is underlined by the fact that most of the countries wit the highest population growth rate are found in Africa. The growing population, in combination with climate change, puts increasing pressure on the world's resources.

aThe distance to Addis Ababa along waypoint routes.bGenome-wide mean haplotype heterozygosity and standard deviation across 22 chromosomes.cThe fraction of missing genotype data among the 475,109 total SNPs in the combined dataset, with the standard deviation taken across individuals within the population.

†Significant deviation of observed from expected heterozygosity across all loci.The population code, the number of individual samples from that population, the average number of alleles per locus and allelic richness (As) are given. The number of private alleles, if any, as well as the frequency of those private alleles in that population is also provided. Values of observed (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) across all loci, significant deviations from the He (†) based on a P value (Bonferroni corrected), and Wright's fixation index (F) are also given for each population.Population collections from each country and basic statistics.

product market has been steadily increasing over recent years, and forecasts suggest a substantial growth trajectory in the upcoming period.

In 2025, approximately 23 million people lived in the São Paulo metropolitan area, making it the biggest in Latin America and the Caribbean and the sixth most populated in the world. The homonymous state of São Paulo was also the most populous federal entity in the country. The second place for the region was Mexico City with 22.75 million inhabitants. Brazil's cities Brazil is home to two large metropolises, only counting the population within the city limits, São Paulo had approximately 11.45 million inhabitants, and Rio de Janeiro around 6.21 million inhabitants. It also contains a number of smaller, but well known cities such as Brasília, Salvador, Belo Horizonte and many others, which report between 2 and 3 million inhabitants each. As a result, the country's population is primarily urban, with nearly 88 percent of inhabitants living in cities. Mexico City Mexico City's metropolitan area ranks sevenths in the ranking of most populated cities in the world. Founded over the Aztec city of Tenochtitlan in 1521 after the Spanish conquest as the capital of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, the city still stands as one of the most important in Latin America. Nevertheless, the preeminent economic, political, and cultural position of Mexico City has not prevented the metropolis from suffering the problems affecting the rest of the country, namely, inequality and violence. Only in 2023, the city registered a crime incidence of 52,723 reported cases for every 100,000 inhabitants and around 24 percent of the population lived under the poverty line.

Populations of North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) declined throughout large portions of the continent during the early 1900s due to habitat degradation and unregulated trapping. River otters had been extirpated in North Dakota (ND), but the Red River Valley has since been recolonized, with potential source populations including the neighboring states of Minnesota or South Dakota, or the Canadian province of Manitoba (MB). We genotyped 9 microsatellite loci in 121 samples to determine the source population of river otters in the Red River Valley of ND, as well as to assess population structure and diversity of river otters in central North America. Overall, genetic diversity was high, with an average observed heterozygosity of 0.58. Genetic differentiation was low (F ST < 0.05) between river otters in ND and those of Minnesota, suggesting that eastern ND was recolonized by river otters from Minnesota. River otters from MB were genetically distinct from all other sampled p...

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Hospice Market Size 2024-2028

The hospice market size is forecast to increase by USD 111.1 billion, at a CAGR of 4.88% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the increasing geriatric population and increasing geriatric medicine and the rising emphasis on person-centered care in hospice settings. The aging demographic trend is fueling a surge in demand for hospice services and digital health as the elderly population is more likely to require end-of-life care. This demographic shift is a major opportunity for hospice providers to expand their offerings and cater to the unique needs of this population. However, the high cost of healthcare remains a significant challenge for the market. The escalating costs of providing quality care, coupled with regulatory requirements and reimbursement pressures, put pressure on hospice providers to optimize their operations and manage costs effectively.
To navigate these challenges, hospice providers must explore innovative care models, leverage technology to improve efficiency, and collaborate with healthcare partners to share resources and reduce costs. By addressing these challenges, hospice providers can capitalize on the market's growth potential and deliver high-quality, person-centered care to their patients.

What will be the Size of the Hospice Market during the forecast period?

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The market continues to evolve, with dynamic market activities shaping its landscape. Medication management, a crucial aspect, is increasingly integrated into hospice care through advanced technologies and specialized services. Wound care and home infusion therapy are also gaining prominence, providing comfort and symptom relief for patients. Hospice chaplains offer spiritual care, while home health aides and social workers ensure patient needs are met beyond medical care. Palliative care and grief counseling are essential components of holistic care, addressing the emotional and psychological aspects of end-of-life care. Referral pathways streamline the transition between various care settings, ensuring seamless continuity. Hospice volunteer coordinators play a vital role in supporting patients and families, while hospice physicians and administrators oversee the delivery of quality care.

Quality indicators, discharge planning, and spiritual assessment are key focus areas for enhancing patient satisfaction and improving overall care. Community resources, financial assistance, and durable medical equipment are essential for ensuring accessibility and affordability. Caregiver training and volunteer services are integral to supporting families and enhancing the patient experience. Symptom management, pain control, and nutritional support are ongoing priorities for hospice care. The market's continuous evolution reflects the diverse needs of patients and families, requiring a comprehensive approach to care that integrates medical, emotional, and spiritual support.

How is this Hospice Industry segmented?

The hospice industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

End-user

  Home settings
  Hospitals
  Specialty nursing homes
  Hospice care centers


Type

  Nursing services
  Medical supply services
  Physician services
  Other services


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  APAC

    China


  Rest of World (ROW)

By End-user Insights

The home settings segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

In the realm of healthcare, hospice care has emerged as a significant solution for individuals with chronic illnesses or those recovering from acute hospitalization. Hospice services encompass a range of social and medical offerings tailored to patients' needs. Registered and licensed nurses, therapists, dieticians, case managers, and nutritionists are among the professionals providing care. Home health aides, personal caregivers, and daily chores assistance are also included. These services extend to essential products, devices, and solutions for home settings. Hospice care goes beyond medical care, encompassing spiritual assessment, family support groups, and bereavement services. Outpatient hospice and inpatient hospice cater to varying patient requirements.

Quality indicators, discharge planning, and symptom management are integral components of hospice care. Caregiver training, volunteer services, and physician services ensure comprehensive patient care. Financial assistance, durable medical equipment, medication management, wound care, home inf

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Urban Planning Software Market Size 2024-2028

The Urban Planning Software Market size is estimated to grow by USD 4.05 billion at a CAGR of 7.81% between 2023 and 2028. Infrastructure development is a priority area for many governments and organizations worldwide, driven by increasing investments and a growing focus on building smart cities. This trend is fueled by several factors, including the expanding middle-class population and the need for efficient, modern infrastructure to support economic growth and improve quality of life. Infrastructure projects encompass various sectors, such as transportation, energy, water supply, and telecommunications, and require significant capital investment and advanced technology. As a result, the infrastructure industry is poised for continued growth and innovation, offering opportunities for businesses and investors alike.

What will be the size of the Market During the Forecast Period?

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Market Dynamics

The market is witnessing significant growth due to the increasing number of non-residential construction projects and infrastructure development activities in response to the growing urban population. City planners are leveraging technology to efficiently manage and design urban spaces. The market is segmented into components, which include software and services, and segments, such as the cloud-based segment and web-based segment. Government bodies are also investing in urban planning software to optimize budgets and implement smart city technologies. Emerging countries are leveraging technology advancements and cloud software to enhance construction processes and infrastructure development, with a focus on designing residential buildings, roads, bridges, and rail systems, supported by skilled professionals and real estate companies, while government agencies and service companies implement training programs and resource management solutions to optimize engineering and architectural plans. The latest trends include the integration of 5G technology and data centers to enhance the functionality and efficiency of these tools. Open-source software is gaining popularity due to its cost-effectiveness and flexibility. The United Nations (UN) has emphasized the importance of urban planning to address the challenges of urbanization and sustainability. Urban planning software plays a crucial role in this regard, enabling city planners to create harmonious and livable urban spaces. The market is expected to continue its growth trajectory in the coming years, driven by the increasing demand for efficient and technologically advanced urban planning solutions.

Key Market Driver

One of the key factors driving the market growth is the growing middle-class population. The increasing middle-class population in developing countries in APAC, South America, and MEA is expected to significantly contribute to the market growth. In addition, there is an increase in per capita income due to the rapidly increasing economic activities in developing economies such as China, India, Argentina, Indonesia, and South Africa.

Moreover, the rise in the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in these countries is also fuelling the rise in the disposable income of the population. In addition, a majority of the population is opting for long-term investment opportunities due to factors such as rapid industrial, manufacturing, and economic developments in these countries, fuelled by urbanization. As a result, there is an increasing adoption of software for different real-estate projects. Hence, such factors are positively impacting the market which, in turn, will drive the growth during the forecast period.

Significant Market Trend

A key factor shaping the market growth is the use of blockchain technology in software. There is a rapid advancement in technologies that can resolve the challenges associated with the openness of data and procedures in the market. The advent of blockchain technology enables transparency at all levels of activity in urban planning making it effective.

Moreover, the main advantage of using blockchain in urban planning is that there is a reduction in fraud and transaction duplication as every record is encrypted. Furthermore, the implementation of blockchain offers smooth and quick transactions by doing away with the necessity for a middleman. Hence, such factors are positively impacting the market trends which in turn will drive the market growth during the forecast period.

Major Market Challenge

The threat of open-source urban planning software is one of the key challenges hindering growth. There is a growing popularity for open-source software which poses a significant threat to the market. There is an increasing preference for open-source software as it is widely available on the Internet and can be downloaded easily.

Moreover, open-source software

Integrated population models (IPMs) provide a unified framework for simultaneously analyzing data sets of different types to estimate vital rates, population size, and dynamics; assess contributions of demographic parameters to population changes; and assess population viability. Strengths of an IPM include the ability to estimate latent parameters and improve the precision of parameter estimates. We present a hierarchical IPM that combines two broad-scale avian monitoring data sets; count data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) and capture-recapture data from the Monitoring Avian Productivity and Survivorship (MAPS) program. These data sets are characterized by large numbers of sample sites and observers, factors capable of inducing error in the sampling and observation processes. The IPM integrates the data sets by modeling the population abundance as a first-order autoregressive function of the previous year's population abundance and vital rates. BBS counts were modeled as a log-linear function of the annual index of population abundance, observation effects (observer identity and first-survey-year), and overdispersion. Vital rates modeled included adult apparent survival, estimated from a transient Cormack-Jolly-Seber model using MAPS data, and recruitment (surviving hatched birds from the previous season + dispersing adults) estimated as a latent parameter. An assessment of the IPM demonstrated it could recover true parameter values from 200 simulated data sets. The IPM was applied to data sets (1992-2008) of two bird species, gray catbird (Dumetella carolinensis) and wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) in the New England/Mid-Atlantic coastal Bird Conservation Region of the USA. The gray catbird population was relatively stable (trend 0.4% yr−1), while the wood thrush population nearly halved (trend -4.5% yr−1) over the 17-yr study period. IPM estimates of population growth rates, adult survival, and detection and residency probabilities were similar and as precise as estimates from the stand-alone BBS and CJS models. A benefit of using the IPM was its ability to estimate the latent recruitment parameter. Annual growth rates for both species correlated more with recruitment than survival, and the relationship for wood thrush was stronger than for gray catbird. The IPM's unified modeling framework facilitates integration of these important data sets.

Aim: To show how recent declines in populations of long-distance migrant birds are associated with recent increases in human population growth and agricultural intensification on their tropical non-breeding grounds, except for synanthropic species, where we expect the reverse.

Location: Breeding populations throughout Europe and North America spending the non-breeding season throughout Africa, and Central and South America, respectively.

Methods: We mapped 50 species of long-distance migrant birds from published tagging studies of 126 breeding populations and identified their breeding population trends from 2000-2015 from published Country or State census data. We then matched individual bird non-breeding locations, from each population, to local human population change and crop yield data. We used GLMs to predict whether bird population decline was associated with human population change or crop yield and whether this was dependent on if a species was synanthropic or not, controllin...

In the past four centuries, the population of the United States has grown from a recorded 350 people around the Jamestown colony of Virginia in 1610, to an estimated 331 million people in 2020. The pre-colonization populations of the indigenous peoples of the Americas have proven difficult for historians to estimate, as their numbers decreased rapidly following the introduction of European diseases (namely smallpox, plague and influenza). Native Americans were also omitted from most censuses conducted before the twentieth century, therefore the actual population of what we now know as the United States would have been much higher than the official census data from before 1800, but it is unclear by how much. Population growth in the colonies throughout the eighteenth century has primarily been attributed to migration from the British Isles and the Transatlantic slave trade; however it is also difficult to assert the ethnic-makeup of the population in these years as accurate migration records were not kept until after the 1820s, at which point the importation of slaves had also been illegalized. Nineteenth century In the year 1800, it is estimated that the population across the present-day United States was around six million people, with the population in the 16 admitted states numbering at 5.3 million. Migration to the United States began to happen on a large scale in the mid-nineteenth century, with the first major waves coming from Ireland, Britain and Germany. In some aspects, this wave of mass migration balanced out the demographic impacts of the American Civil War, which was the deadliest war in U.S. history with approximately 620 thousand fatalities between 1861 and 1865. The civil war also resulted in the emancipation of around four million slaves across the south; many of whose ancestors would take part in the Great Northern Migration in the early 1900s, which saw around six million black Americans migrate away from the south in one of the largest demographic shifts in U.S. history. By the end of the nineteenth century, improvements in transport technology and increasing economic opportunities saw migration to the United States increase further, particularly from southern and Eastern Europe, and in the first decade of the 1900s the number of migrants to the U.S. exceeded one million people in some years. Twentieth and twenty-first century The U.S. population has grown steadily throughout the past 120 years, reaching one hundred million in the 1910s, two hundred million in the 1960s, and three hundred million in 2007. In the past century, the U.S. established itself as a global superpower, with the world's largest economy (by nominal GDP) and most powerful military. Involvement in foreign wars has resulted in over 620,000 further U.S. fatalities since the Civil War, and migration fell drastically during the World Wars and Great Depression; however the population continuously grew in these years as the total fertility rate remained above two births per woman, and life expectancy increased (except during the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918).

Since the Second World War, Latin America has replaced Europe as the most common point of origin for migrants, with Hispanic populations growing rapidly across the south and border states. Because of this, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites, which has been the most dominant ethnicity in the U.S. since records began, has dropped more rapidly in recent decades. Ethnic minorities also have a much higher birth rate than non-Hispanic whites, further contributing to this decline, and the share of non-Hispanic whites is expected to fall below fifty percent of the U.S. population by the mid-2000s. In 2020, the United States has the third-largest population in the world (after China and India), and the population is expected to reach four hundred million in the 2050s.