How many soldiers does Russia have? The Russian Armed Forces had 3.57 million troops as of 2025, with 37 percent of them, or 1.32 million, being active military personnel. Two million were reserve service members, and 250,000 were paramilitary forces. The number of people in the Russian military was increased twice after the invasion of Ukraine; the respective presidential decrees came into force in January and December 2023. Largest armies worldwide The Russian Army had the fourth-largest available active military manpower in 2025, having shared that rank with North Korea. The militaries of China, India, and the United States had more active soldiers. In terms of defense spending, Russia ranked third after the U.S. and China. Military personnel of Ukraine and NATO Russia’s active troops outnumbered Ukraine’s by 420,000 as of 2025. Furthermore, reserve and paramilitary forces of Russia were higher. When comparing Russia’s active military personnel to that of the countries in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), it was roughly 2.6 times smaller. In total, NATO members were estimated to over 3.4 million troops, including active, reserve, and paramilitary units. The U.S., Turkey, and Poland have the largest armies in NATO.

Russia's military capabilities outnumbered those of Ukraine for most indicators as of 2025. For example, the number of aircraft at the disposal of the Russian Army was close to 4,300, while the Ukrainian Armed Forces possessed 324 aircraft. Russia's naval fleet was 4.7 times larger than Ukraine's. Moreover, Russia was one of the nine countries that possessed nuclear weapons. As of early 2024, Russia held the world's largest inventory of nuclear warheads. How many soldiers does Ukraine have? Ukraine's Army counted approximately 2.2 million military personnel as of 2025. Of them, 900,000 were active military staff. Furthermore, 1.2 million soldiers were part of the country's reserve forces. To compare, Russia had approximately 1.32 million active military personnel and two million of reserve military personnel. Russia's active soldier count was the fourth-largest worldwide, while Ukraine's ranked sixth. Ukraine's tank strength Ukraine's Armed Forces possessed over 1,100 tanks as of 2025, which was more than five times less than Russia's. To support Ukraine during the Russian invasion, several Western countries made commitments to deliver tanks to Ukraine, including Leopard 2, Challenger 2, and M1 Abrams. Furthermore, Ukraine received other types of armored vehicles from Western countries, such as M133 armored personnel carriers from the United States and Mastiff (6x6) protected patrol vehicles from the United Kingdom.

Among the respondents in Russia, the lowest level of public support toward the actions of Russian military forces in Ukraine was recorded among the population aged 18 to 24 years, at around 66 percent in April 2025. In the age group of 55 years and above, that share stood at over 80 percent. Russian forces invaded Ukraine on February 24, 2022. Overall, eight out of ten Russians supported the military actions.

This dataset contains geo-information about military bases in Belarus and Russia.

It contains five features: - military_base_name: the name of the military base. - coordinate: the coordinate of the military base(format: longitude, latitude). - longitude: the longitude of the military base. - latitude: the latitude of the military base. - description: the description of the military base.

credits: https://twitter.com/Archer83Able/status/1773732406991708277

Starting from December 1, 2024, the Russian Armed Forces would count nearly 2.4 million personnel. Of them, over 60 percent had to be on active duty. The size of the Russian Army was increased three times after the start of the war in Ukraine in February 2022.

As of 2025,the combined forces of NATO had approximately 3.44 million active military personnel, compared with 1.32 million active military personnel in the Russian military. The collective military capabilities of the 32 countries that make up NATO outnumber Russia in terms of aircraft, at 22,377 to 4,957, and in naval power, with 1,143 military ships, to 419. In terms of ground combat vehicles, NATO had an estimated 11,495 main battle tanks, to Russia's 5,750. The combined nuclear arsenal of the United States, United Kingdom, and France amounted to 5,559 nuclear warheads, compared with Russia's 5,580. NATO military spending In 2024, the combined military expenditure of NATO states amounted to approximately 1.47 trillion U.S. dollars, with the United States responsible for the majority of this spending, as the U.S. military budget amounted to 967.7 billion dollars that year. The current U.S. President, Donald Trump has frequently taken aim at other NATO allies for not spending as much on defense as America. NATO member states are expected to spend at least two percent of their GDP on defense, although the U.S. has recently pushed for an even higher target. As of 2024, the U.S. spent around 3.38 percent of its GDP on defense, the third-highest in the alliance, with Estonia just ahead on 3.43 percent, and Poland spending the highest share at 4.12 percent. US aid to Ukraine The pause in aid to Ukraine from the United States at the start of March 2025 marks a significant policy change from Ukraine's most powerful ally. Throughout the War in Ukraine, military aid from America has been crucial to the Ukrainian cause. In Trump's first term in office, America sent a high number of anti-tank Javelins, with this aid scaling up to more advanced equipment after Russia's full-scale invasion in 2022. The donation of around 40 HIMARs rocket-artillery system, for example, has proven to be one of Ukraine's most effective offensive weapons against Russia. Defensive systems such as advanced Patriot air defense units have also helped protect Ukraine from aerial assaults. Although European countries have also provided significant aid, it is unclear if they will be able to fill the hole left by America should the pause in aid goes on indefinitely.

This dataset contains Russian military equipment losses collected from the open-source WarSpotting API. It is automatically updated multiple times per week using a Python scraper running on GitHub Actions.

The data covers: Full historical scans updated weekly Incremental 30-day scans updated thrice weekly Precise geographic coordinates for equipment loss Equipment type and category details Dates of loss and related metadata

This dataset is designed for researchers, analysts, and developers interested in: Open-source intelligence (OSINT) Conflict monitoring and analysis Machine learning model training Geospatial visualization of battlefield losses

The scraper and automation tools powering this dataset are fully open-source and available on GitHub: https://github.com/lazar-bit/automated-warspotting-scraper

Daily losses of the Russian military according to the Killed in Ukraine Project (personnel).

The dataset contains information on deceased Russian Officers from February 2024 for which an obituary has been found by the Killed in Ukraine project. The Killed in Ukraine Project scans Russian social media posts and local newspapers reports for names of Russian officers killed during the war in Ukraine. It provides information about the rank and date at which the soldier was killed. The raw data is available here.

Contents

The Excel file contains 3 sheets: - Input: this is the database as downloaded from the source. - ByRank: the daily total of soldiers killed on that day, by rank. - ByRankCategory : the daily count of soldiers killed on that day according to their rank (Rank_L2).

The ranks are grouped according to this page.

Method of collection

Download from https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1InyFVmu1LoSjqcWTHe4iD9cR8CNiL-5Ke5Jiz_Mlvwc/edit?gid=1208816851#gid=1208816851

Frequency of the dataset

The dataset has a daily frequency, but some holes can exist due to the absence of publication from the source. I plan to update the dataset every two months (on the first of the month).

Companion datasets

All my datasets : - Russian losses (materiel and personnel) according to the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/rus-modukr-equipmentpersonnel - Ukrainian losses (materiel and personnel) according to the Russian Ministry of Defense : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/ukr-modrus-equipmentpersonnel - Russian losses (materiel) according to ORYX : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/rus-oryx-equipment - Ukrainian losses (materiel) according to ORYX : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/ukr-oryx-equipment - Russian tank losses according to ORYX : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/rus-oryx-tanks - Ukrainian tank losses according to ORYX : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/ukr-oryx-tanks - Ukrainian personnel losses (UALosses) : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/confirmed-ukrainian-military-personnel-losses - Russian personnel losses (KilledInUkraine) : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/confirmed-russian-military-officers-losses - Ukrainian losses in Kursk (materiel and personnel) according to the Russian Ministry of Defense: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/ukrainian-military-losses-in-kursk-mod-russia

Any comment is welcome. Please use the Discussion feature or send me an email directly.

Analysis unit

Persons and households

UNITS IDENTIFIED: - Dwellings: no - Vacant Units: no - Households: yes - Individuals: yes - Group quarters: no

UNIT DESCRIPTIONS: - Dwellings: Living quarters such as apartments, separate single-family houses, room in hostel, suite or room in hotel, and other dwellings converted or arranged for human habitation - Households: A household is a group of people living together occupying the whole or a part of housing unit, jointly provide themselves with food and other essentials for living, i.e. completely or partly combine and spend their means. These persons can be connected with ties of kinship, or relationship resulting from marriage, or not be relatives. One household may comprise both relatives and non-relatives. - Group quarters: Includes wards or other social and medical institutions, military barracks, detention facilities, or religions institutions

Universe

Resident population at their permanent (usual) place of residence on October 14, 2010, including foreign and stateless persons permanently residing in the Russian Federation.

Kind of data

Population and Housing Census [hh/popcen]

Sampling procedure

MICRODATA SOURCE: Federal State Statistics Service

SAMPLE SIZE (person records): 7047151.

SAMPLE DESIGN: Systematic sample of every 20th household, drawn by the Federal State Statistics Service

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Population Census Form L contained 25 questions and is filled in for the individuals who constantly live in a premise. Population Census Form P contains questions about the dwelling and living conditions of the household.

Daily losses of the Ukrainian military according to the UALosses (personnel).

The dataset contains information on deceased Ukrainian soldiers between March 2014 and April 2024 for which an online obituary has been found by https://ualosses.org/en/soldiers/. The data include the name of the soldier, the date of birth and date of death whenever available, the location of the soldier (unclear whether it pertains to the origins of the soldier or the location of death), the rank of the soldier, and finally their unit.

Starting from March, 1, UALosses reports the prisoners and missing soldiers, although the date of disappearance is largely missing.

Contents

The Excel file contains 3 sheets: - Database: this is the database as scraped from https://ualosses.org/en/soldiers/. Computed fields are : Male (=1 if male), Rank_L1, Rank_L2, and TypeUnit. - ByDay: the daily total of soldiers killed on that day, the number of which the age is known and the number of which is male and the average age of the soldiers killed that day. - ByDayRank : the daily count of soldiers killed on that day according to their rank (Rank_L2).

The ranks are grouped according to the following rule :

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F19808181%2Fe14108b472af93f73b1cfa240c0a4776%2Fsdfqefz.PNG?generation=1718543861089177&alt=media" alt="">

Method of collection

Scraping of the website of https://ualosses.org/en/soldiers/.

Frequency of the dataset

The dataset has a daily frequency, but some holes can exist due to the absence of publication from the source. I plan to update the dataset every two months (on the first of the month).

Companion datasets

All my datasets : - Russian losses (materiel and personnel) according to the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/rus-modukr-equipmentpersonnel - Ukrainian losses (materiel and personnel) according to the Russian Ministry of Defense : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/ukr-modrus-equipmentpersonnel - Russian losses (materiel) according to ORYX : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/rus-oryx-equipment - Ukrainian losses (materiel) according to ORYX : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/ukr-oryx-equipment - Russian tank losses according to ORYX : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/rus-oryx-tanks - Ukrainian tank losses according to ORYX : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/ukr-oryx-tanks - Ukrainian personnel losses (UALosses) : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/confirmed-ukrainian-military-personnel-losses - Russian personnel losses (KilledInUkraine) : https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/confirmed-russian-military-officers-losses - Ukrainian losses in Kursk (materiel and personnel) according to the Russian Ministry of Defense: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/ol4ubert/ukrainian-military-losses-in-kursk-mod-russia

Any comment is welcome. Please use the Discussion feature or send me an email directly.

A total of 160,000 new conscripts were ordered in Russia during the fall draft of 2025. Over the past decade, the highest annual conscription was recorded in 2014, at 308,100 thousand. In September 2022, the Russian government announcement a military draft of reservists during the invasion of Ukraine. Military conscription in Russia There is a mandatory military service for men in Russia. Russian men aged 18 to 30 years are conscripted for one year of active military service, usually twice a year. The spring draft is from April 1 to July 15, and the fall draft is from October 1 to December 31 of each year. Conscription of university students can be postponed until they complete their studies. Furthermore, some people might not get conscripted due to health conditions. Russian conscripts also have an option to apply for alternative civilian service. Other countries that have military conscription include Brazil, Eritrea, South Korea, and Vietnam, among others. How big is the Russian Army? The Russian Army consists of around 2.4 million soldiers, of which 1.5 million are servicemen. Other staff included paramilitary and reserve military personnel. In 2025, Russia had the fifth-largest number of active military personnel worldwide. The number of active-duty military personnel, including paramilitary staff, significantly increased in 2015.

Russia launched its armed aggression against Ukraine in February 2014, seizing Crimea and subsequently occupying parts of the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts of Ukraine. On February 24, 2022, Russia started a large-scale invasion of Ukraine on multiple fronts, deploying troops and shelling Ukrainian cities and infrastructure. As of the end of 2023 the war against Ukraine is still ongoing and its outcome is unknown. At different stages of the war, KIIS has studied the public opinion of the Ukrainian population regarding Russian aggression. It included surveys on people's attitudes towards the annexation of Crimea, and Ukraine's countermeasures in Eastern Ukraine (Anti-Terrorist Operation, ATO) covering the period from 2014 to 2018. Since 2022, public opinion polls have asked questions regarding people's feelings and opinions about the ongoing war between Ukraine and Russia, perceptions of the government's actions, readiness for concessions / compromises to end the war, etc. Data from individual surveys for the period 2014-2023 (14 in total) were combined into a merged dataset. Each of these polls is representative of the Ukraine's adult population (aged 18 and older), and typically includes about 2,000 respondents. The background information includes respondents' socio-demographic profiles (gender, age, education, nationality, occupation, self-assessment of financial situation) and place of residence (oblast, type of settlement). These data provide a snapshot of public opinion of the Ukrainian population on some aspects of the Russian-Ukrainian war. Some questions are repeated, which makes it possible to track changes in opinions over time.

Attitudes of East German young people. Topics: relation between civilian population and People's Police; military purpose of the People's Police; relation between members of the People's Police and Russian troops; attitudes to the People's Police; internal conviction of members of the People's Police; voluntariness of membership in the People's Police; flight of members of the People's Police into the west; reputation of Russian troops in the civilian population; frequency of contact between Russian troops and the German civilian population; personal acquaintance with Russian soldiers; listening to western radio stations by Russian soldiers; change of views of Russian soldiers about the West from their stay in Germany. Demography: age; occupation; education; sex; state; city.

If you like this project, please give an upvote Data will be updated monthly

The Army of Drones is a joint project of the General Staff of the Armed Forces, the State Special Communications Service, and the Ministry of Digital Transformation. You can read about the project on United24 and Army of Drones.

This dataset documents Russian losses (equipment and personnel) attributed specifically to:

I. Army of Drones.
- Timeframe: Summer 2023 (project start) → Mid-summer 2024
- Scope: Only losses caused by project drones are included.
- Exclusions: Losses caused by other drones are not part of this dataset.

II. Unmanned Systems Forces - Timeframe: Starting 2025-06-24

Data

images_Army-Drones/ - contains images of weekly reports covering the period 2023-06-25 → 2024-07-08.

images_Unmanned-Systems-Forces/- contains images of daily reports from Unmanned Systems Forces, starting 2025-06-24.

russia_losses.csv - structured dataset automatically extracted from images in the images_Army-Drones/ folder. - APV - Ammunition/fuel depot - Anti-aircraft warfare systems - Cannons - MRL - Mortar/ATGM/MG - Radio equipment - Self-propelled artillery, - Strongpoint - Tanks - Vehicles - Personnel

Related Datasets

• Warships Monitoring - the russian warships' movements on the Black Sea, the Sea of Azov, and the Mediterranean Sea since August 2022.
• 2022 Ukraine Russia War, Losses, Oryx + Images(updated quarterly) - Ukraine and russia Equipment Losses based on Oryx Investigation.
• Massive Missile Attacks on Ukraine (updated weekly) - information about launched and shot down missiles and drones during russian massive missile and drone (UAV) strikes on infrastructure (since October 2022) as part of its invasion of Ukraine.
• 2022 Russia Ukraine War (updated weekly), JSON format on Githab (updated daily) - the russia Equipment and Personnel losses.
• russian navy (Military Maritime Fleet) - all Surface Combatants, Submarines, Littoral Warfare Ships, Rescue, and Auxiliary Ships. Ship losses During The 2022 Russian Invasion Of Ukraine are included.
• Social Media Athletes from russia & belarus - Social Media of russia and belarus athletes that took part in Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.

Why I made this dataset

On the 24th of February Russia has invaded Ukraine.

Despite the fact that there were lots of speculations about the probable invasion in the press, it came as a complete shock for me as for many other Russians. It is so disgusting to start a full-scale war in the 21 century, so it was just unimaginable, no one talked about it seriously at that time. Many of us have friends and family members in Ukraine, others just want to be a part of the civil cosmopolitan world. How could our government so gruesomely attack Ukraine, destroying the lives in both countries?

But maybe it wasn't? I want to see the evolution of the discussion around Ukraine and Russia. So I parsed quite a big number of tweets. Maybe some of you will find it useful as well.

How did I collect the data.

• max 5000 for the day
• I used these words for the search ['ukraine war', 'ukraine troops', 'ukraine border', 'ukraine NATO', 'StandwithUkraine', 'russian troops', 'russian border ukraine', 'russia invade' ]
• for each search, I created the separate CSV
• dates: from 2022 - 01 - 01 to 2022 - 03 -06

Format

The dataset is available as separate CSVs files.

License

As this data was collected from Twitter, its use must abide by the Twitter Developer Agreement. Most notably, the display of individual tweets should satisfy requirements.

Within a decade, starting from 2011 Russia is planning to spend roughly one and a half federal budget (22,000 billion roubles) on modernization of the country's military-industrial complex and a full-scale rearmament of the Armed Forces. The investments are supposed to improve both Russia's military capabilities, and Russia's economic performance. The main aim of the project was to investigate the potential effects on the overall Russian economy of the large defence outlays – in particular the ongoing rearmament program. The main finding was that while those who have rejected almost any positive effects on the overall economy of the high defence spending have been too dismissive, there is little to suggest that the defence industry will become a locomotive for the economy in the ways suggested by Russian officials. Data on the Russian population attitudes towards defense spending were collected, in addition to data on the Russian defense industry's production capacity and export of military equipment.

For further information about "Russias Defence Industry - An Engine for Economic Growth? 2017", please contact the principal investigator.

For most of the Second World War, the Soviet Union had the largest number of active military personnel each year, peaking at over 12 million people in the war's final years. The Soviet Union's ability to draw from its larger population was decisive in its eventual victory over Germany in 1945, whose eastern forces were greatly diminished by 1944 after it had already suffered heavy losses fighting the Soviets and was then forced to fight on the western front.

Each of the Great Powers had varying conscription systems in place that allowed them to draft citizens into the military. In the U.S., over 50 million men aged 18-45 would register for the draft before the war's end, and over 10 million of these were inducted into the military (alongside volunteers and those already in service). Conscription in Japan grew more aggressive as the war progressed, and its armed forces doubled in size in the final two years of the war.

This dataset captures detailed geolocated conflict events inside Ukraine, from the beginning of the 2022 Russia–Ukraine war to early 2025. It includes battles, airstrikes, protests, shelling, and more — sourced from the respected ACLED project.

📌 What’s Inside? Event Date — Exact date of each incident.

Event Type — Battles, Explosions, Violence Against Civilians, etc.

Involved Parties — Ukrainian forces, Russian forces, and others.

Location Data — Province, District, Town, Latitude, Longitude.

Fatalities — Estimated deaths for each event.

Detailed Notes — Short summaries of every event.

🌍 Source Curated from ACLED (Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project).

Data complies with public research usage under ACLED’s policies.

🔥 Potential Uses Conflict Timeline 📅

Predictive Modeling of War Escalation/De-escalation 🔮

Geospatial Analysis & Mapping 🗺️

Death Toll and Intensity Trend Studies 📊

Machine Learning: Severity and Impact Prediction 🧠

⚡ Latest Update: April 2025 Covers only events happening within Ukraine.

Updated for 2025 ongoing conflict events.

Fork it, analyze it, visualize it, and help the world understand this important situation!

War is the cause of tremendous human suffering. To reduce such harm, governments have developed tools to alert civilians of immi nent threats. Whether these systems are effective remains largely unknown. We study the introduction of an innovative smartphone application that notifies civilians of impending military operations developed in coordination with the Ukrainian government after the Russian invasion. We leverage quasi-experimental variation in the timing of more than 3,000 alerts to study civilian sheltering behavior, using high-frequency geolocation pings tied to 17 million mobile devices, 60% of the connected population in Ukraine. We find that, overall, civilians respond sharply to alerts, quickly seeking shelter. These rapid post-alert changes in population movement attenuate over time, however, in a manner that cannot be explained by adaptive sheltering behavior or calibration to the signal quality of alerts. Responsiveness is weakest when civilians have been living under an extended state of emergency, consistent with the presence of an alert fatigue effect. Our results suggest 35-45% of observed civilian casualties were avoided because of public responsiveness to the messaging system. Importantly, an additional 8-15% of civilian casualties observed during the later periods of the conflict could have been avoided with sustained public responsiveness to government alerts. We provide evidence that increasing civilians’ risk salience through targeted government messaging can increase responsiveness, suggesting a potential policy lever for sustaining public engagement during prolonged episodes of conflict.

Einstellungen ostdeutscher Jugendlicher. Themen: Verhältnis zwischen Zivilbevölkerung und Volkspolizei;militärischer Zweck der Volkspolizei; Verhältnis zwischenVolkspolizisten und russischen Truppen; Einstellungen zur Volkspolizei;innere Überzeugung der Mitglieder der Volkspolizei; Freiwilligkeit derMitgliedschaft in der Volkspolizei; Flucht von Volkspolizisten in denWesten; Ansehen russischer Truppen in der Zivilbevölkerung;Kontakthäufigkeit zwischen russischen Truppen und der deutschenZivilbevölkerung; persönliche Bekanntschaft mit russischen Soldaten;Hören westlicher Radiosender durch russische Soldaten; Veränderung derAnsichten russischer Soldaten über den Westen durch ihren Aufenthalt inDeutschland. Demographie: Alter; Beruf; Bildung; Geschlecht; Land; Ort. Attitudes of East German young people.Topics:relation between civilian population and People's Police;military purpose of the People's Police;relation between members of the People's Police and Russian troops;attitudes to the People's Police;internal conviction of members of the People's Police;voluntariness of membership in the People's Police;flight of members of the People's Police into the west;reputation of Russian troops in the civilian population;frequency of contact between Russian troops and the German civilian population;personal acquaintance with Russian soldiers;listening to western radio stations by Russian soldiers;change of views of Russian soldiers about the West from their stay in Germany.Demography:age;occupation;education;sex;state;city.