As of January 18, 2023, Portugal had the highest COVID-19 vaccination rate in Europe having administered 272.78 doses per 100 people in the country, while Malta had administered 258.49 doses per 100. The UK was the first country in Europe to approve the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine for widespread use and began inoculations on December 8, 2020, and so far have administered 224.04 doses per 100. At the latest data, Belgium had carried out 253.89 doses of vaccines per 100 population. Russia became the first country in the world to authorize a vaccine - named Sputnik V - for use in the fight against COVID-19 in August 2020. As of August 4, 2022, Russia had administered 127.3 doses per 100 people in the country.

The seven-day rate of cases across Europe shows an ongoing perspective of which countries are worst affected by the virus relative to their population. For further information about the coronavirus pandemic, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.

Estimates of vaccine sentiment with breakdowns by different population groups. Analysis based on the Opinions and Lifestyle Survey.

As of July 17, 2022, it was estimated that around every person aged 75 to 79 years of age in England had received at least two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine. Although the source does mention that this is likely to be an overestimation due to population figures taken from 2020. The data shows that at least a quarter of men under 30 years of age have not yet had two vaccine doses, with women more likely to be vaccinated among younger age groups.

The number and percentage of Covid-19 fully vaccinated people by age band. Population estimates are based on National Immunisation Management Service counts.This dataset has been updated to reflect new age bandings and population figures provided in July 2022.This dataset now includes details of the Autumn Booster programme.Note on analysis:This datasets presents the proportion of the eligible population who have received all vaccinations they are entitled to. This is terms as a "Complete Dose". The number of vaccinations required to qualify as a complete dose differs by the age of the individual. The following scale is used to determine this:- Aged 5 - 15 - Dose 1- Aged 16 - 24 - Dose 1 & Dose 2- Aged 35 - 50 - Dose 1, Dose 2 & Booster- Aged 50+ - Dose1, Dose2, Booster & Autumn BoosterData is updated weekly.

The MMR vaccine in the United Kingdom is a combined vaccine which immunizes against measles, mumps and rubella. In 2023/24, 85.6 percent of children in Scotland had received the second dose of the vaccine by their fifth birthday, compared to 83.9 percent of children in England. Rise of measles in recent years In 2018, there were 989 cases of measles in England and Wales, this was the highest number of annual recorded cases since 2013. From 2000 to 2019, cases of measles generally increased in England and Wales. Views towards vaccines in the UK In the UK most of the population believe in the safety and effectiveness of vaccines. A 2018 survey of British respondents showed that 89 percent of the population believed that vaccines are important for children to have. In the same survey question, sixteen other European countries had a higher belief in the importance of child vaccinations than the UK, compared to twenty-one other countries which scored lower than the UK.

Attitudes, behaviours and well-being of people aged over 80 years in England in relation to coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccination.

Time Use Survey data show changes in how people spent their time during coronavirus (COVID-19) restrictions in March and April 2020, September to October 2020 and March 2021, as well as before the pandemic. It also includes Opinions and Lifestyle Survey data on behaviours following vaccination in Great Britain from 19 May to 13 June 2021.

As of July 13, 2022, approximately 53.7 million people in the United Kingdom had received the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccination. The UK was the first country in the world to approve the use of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, and began inoculations on December 8, 2020. Nearly all the vaccines currently being used in the UK require two doses for full efficacy to occur, and according to the latest data around 50.3 million people had received their second dose of the immunization. Furthermore, 40.1 million booster vaccinations had been administered.

The total number of cases in the UK can be found here. For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.

Covid vaccinations administered by local area since 8th December 2020. It includes the calculated percentage of the 12+ population who have received all required vaccinations and/or boosters.Population estimates are based on National Immunisation Management Service counts.

Between January 1, 2021 and May 31, 2022, there were approximately 30.6 thousand deaths involving COVID-19 among 80 to 89 year olds in England, with over 14 thousand deaths occurring among unvaccinated people in this age group. Across all the age groups in the provided time interval, deaths involving COVID-19 among the unvaccinated population was around double the amount of people who received at least two doses of a vaccine. For further information about the COVID-19 pandemic, please visit our dedicated Facts and Figures page.

These data describe pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) uptake for the survey year, for those aged 65 years and over.RationaleVaccination coverage is the best indicator of the level of protection a population will have against vaccine preventable communicable diseases. Coverage is closely related to levels of disease. Monitoring coverage identifies possible drops in immunity before levels of disease rise. Pneumococcal disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Certain groups are at risk for severe pneumococcal disease, these include young children, the elderly and people who are in clinical risk groups2. Pneumococcal infections can be non invasive such as bronchitis, otitis media or invasive such as septicaemia, pneumonia, meningitis. Cases of invasive pneumococcal infection usually peak in the winter during December and January. The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) protects against 23 types of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterium. It is thought that the PPV is around 50 percent to 70 percent effective at preventing more serious types of invasive pneumococcal infection2.Since 1992 the 23 valent PPV has been recommended for people in the clinical risk groups and since 2003, the PPV vaccination programme has expanded to include immunisation to all those aged 65 years and over in England1This indicator was judged to be a valid and an important measure of public health and was therefore included in the public health outcomes framework. Inclusion of these indicators will encourage the continued prioritisation and evaluation and the effectiveness of the PPV vaccination programme and give an indication of uptake at an upper tier Local Authority level. The vaccination surveys measure the proportion of eligible people that have received PPV at any time and the proportion that received PPV during the previous year, providing an opportunity to assess the delivery of the immunisation programme11 Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (PPV) coverage report, England, April 2013 to March 2014 [online]. 2015 [cited 2015 Mar]. Available from URL: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/pneumococcal-polysaccharide-vaccine-ppv-vaccine-coverage-estimates 2 Pneumococcal infections, NHS Choices [online]. 2013 [cited 2013 Dec]. Available from URL: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/pages/pneumococcal-vaccination.aspxDefinition of numeratorUKHSA provided UTLA level data. Clinical commissioning group (CCG) data is available from https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/vaccine-uptake#ppv-vaccine-uptakeDefinition of denominatorNumber of adults aged 65 years and over. Data from 2013 to 2014 are now available at source at a local authority level. Data prior to 2013 to 2014 were collected at a PCT level and converted to LA level for inclusion in PHOF using the criteria as defined below:Denominators for local authorities are estimated from denominators for PCTs. Denominators for PCTs include all people registered with practices accountable to the PCT, and no data are available to provide resident-based figures. Denominators for local authorities are estimated as follows: (For local authorities that have exactly the same boundary as a PCT, the PCT figure is used as it is the only estimate available for the residents of the PCT and local authority. For local authorities whose boundary is contained wholly within a single PCT, but is not equal to the whole PCT, the LA denominator is estimated as a proportion of the PCT figure, with the exceptions of Isles of Scilly, City of London, Rutland, Cornwall, Hackney and Leicestershire (see below). For local authorities whose boundaries include all or part of more than one PCT, the local authority denominator is estimated by aggregating the appropriate proportions of the denominators for the PCTs whose boundaries include part of the local authority. The appropriate proportions in cases ii and iii are defined according to the resident population (in the appropriate age group) in the calendar year overlapping most of the period of the indicator value (or the most recent available): resident population by Lower Layer Super Output Area were extracted and used to calculate the population resident in every LA PCT overlapping block.To calculate the denominator, each LA PCT overlap is calculated as a proportion of the PCT resident population, and then multiplied by the denominator for the PCT. A LA may overlap several PCTs: the appropriate portions of all the PCTs’ denominators are aggregated to give the denominator estimate for the LA. Expressed as an equation the denominator is calculated as follows: DenominatorLA = ∑ (DenominatorPCT × n/N) summed over all PCTs overlapping the LA where: DenominatorLA = Estimated denominator in the LA n = Population resident in the LA-PCT overlapping block N = Population resident in the PCT DenominatorPCT = Denominator in the PCT For Isles of Scilly, City of London and Rutland, no indicator data are presented (prior to 2013 to 2014), as the local authority makes up a very small proportion of the PCT, and estimates for the LAs based on the PCT figures are unlikely to be representative as they are swamped by the much larger local authority within the same PCT. The estimates for Cornwall, Hackney and Leicestershire local authorities are combined data for Cornwall and Isles of Scilly, City of London and Hackney, and Leicestershire and Rutland respectively in order to ensure that all valid PCT data are included in the England total.Denominators for Cornwall and Isles of Scilly, City of London and Hackney, and Leicestershire and Rutland are not combined for the 2019 to 2020 annual local authority level data."CaveatsThe pneumococcal vaccine uptake collection is a snapshot of GP patients vaccinated currently registered at the time of data extraction. The proportion of GP practices who provided data for the surveys are available from the uptake reports. Data will exclude patients who have received the vaccine but have subsequently died, patients who have since moved, or patients that are vaccinated but have not had their electronic patient record updated by the time of data extraction. Data for local authorities prior to 2013 to 2014 have been estimated from registered PCT level indicators. While the majority of patients registered with practices accountable to a PCT tend to be resident within that PCT, there are, in some PCTs, significant differences between their resident and registered populations. Therefore the estimates for LAs may not always accurately reflect the resident population of the local authority (LA). Please note that the PCT response rate should be checked for data completeness as this will have a knock on effect to the LA values.

This statistical report, co-authored with the UK Health Security Agency (UKSHA), reports childhood vaccination coverage statistics for England in 2022-23. Data relates to the routine vaccinations offered to all children up to the age of 5 years, derived from the Cover of Vaccination Evaluated Rapidly (COVER). Additional information on children aged 2 and 3 vaccinated against seasonal flu are collected from GPs through UKHSA's ImmForm system.

Includes: Patient demographics, Source Organisation, vaccination details and vaccine batch events. Its scope covers: Anyone vaccinated within England Anyone vaccinated in a Devoted Administration where this information is subsequently passed to England.

Settings include: hospital hubs - NHS providers vaccinating on site local vaccine services – community or primary care led services which could include primary care facilities, retail, community facilities, temporary structures or roving teams vaccination centres – large sites such as sports and conference venues set up for high volumes of people

Timescales for dissemination can be found under 'Our Service Levels' at the following link: https://digital.nhs.uk/services/data-access-request-service-dars/data-access-request-service-dars-process

Age-standardised mortality rates for deaths involving coronavirus (COVID-19), non-COVID-19 deaths and all deaths by vaccination status, broken down by age group.

Children for whom the local authority is responsible who completed a booster course of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio (DTaP and IPV) vaccine at any time by their fifth birthday as a percentage of all children whose fifith birthday falls within the time period.RationaleA booster vaccine for diphtheria, tetanus, pertusiss and polio disease has been in the routine childhood immunisation programme since late 2001. It is currently offered at 3 year and 4 months or soon after. Vaccination coverage is the best indicator of the level of protection a population will have against vaccine preventable communicable diseases. Coverage is closely correlated with levels of disease. Monitoring coverage identifies possible drops in immunity before levels of disease rise. Previous evidence shows that highlighting vaccination programmes encourages improvements in uptake levels. May also have relevance for NICE guidance PH21: Reducing differences in the uptake of immunisations (The guidance aims to increase immunisation uptake among those aged under 19 years from groups where uptake is low).Definition of numeratorNumber of children in LA responsible population whose fifth birthday falls within the time period who received a DTaP and IPV booster at any time before their fifth birthday.Definition of denominatorTotal number of children in LA responsible population whose fifth birthday falls within the time period. Coverage figures are supplied for patients registered with GPs based in that LA and for unregistered patients who were resident in that LA. The LA responsible population is therefore different from the estimated resident population figures produced by the Office of National Statistics (ONS) for each LA. For the COVER collection, the LA responsible population is usually derived from the population registers held on CHISs.CaveatsFull GP postcodes are used to aggregate data to ICB. The GP-level coverage data is collected by NHS Digital Strategic Data Collection Service (SDCS) and published by the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) COVER team. ICB data is experimental and should be treated with caution as it is not an official statistic.Information on childhood immunisation coverage at ages one, two, and five is collected through the UK COVER collection by UKHSA. These aggregated data are collected from CHISs, computerised systems storing clinical records that support health promotion and prevention activities for children, including immunisation. In England, COVER data are collected for Upper Tier Local Authorities (LAs) using the COVER data collection form. These are established collections based on total populations, not samples.The number of CHIS systems has decreased from over 100 in 2015 to around 70 by mid-2017. As different phases of the digital strategy are implemented across the country, it is anticipated that there may be further temporary local data quality issues associated with the transition. Temporary data quality issues in some London COVER returns during 2017 to 2018 were observed in the quarterly COVER reports as the new Hubs became responsible for generating coverage data. Changes in vaccine coverage within London should therefore be interpreted with caution for the time being.Data are extracted directly from local population registers, and data issues are generally related to underestimation of coverage. There may be some overestimation of denominators due to children who have moved away remaining on the area register, which can lead to underestimates of coverage. In some areas, it is known that a small number of GPs do not submit vaccination data to the local CHIS, also resulting in underestimation of coverage. Using non-standardised data extraction methods could result in overestimated coverage.Caution should be exercised when comparing coverage figures over time due to occasional data quality issues reported by some data suppliers. Apparent trends could reflect changes in the quality of data reported as well as real changes in vaccination coverage. While this issue will be more apparent at the local level, it may also impact national figures. Similarly, some caution should be exercised when comparing coverage between different areas where data quality issues have been reported.

Forecast: Vaccination Against Influenza of Population Aged 65 and over in the UK 2023 - 2027 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

BackgroundDecisions regarding which vaccines are funded in the United Kingdom (UK) are increasingly informed by cost-effectiveness analyses. Such analyses use Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) as a measure of effectiveness and assume that QALYs are equal regardless of where and in whom they occur in the population. However, there is increasing debate about whether this QALY approach is appropriate and whether societal preferences for childhood vaccinations should be used to help inform childhood immunisation policy.ObjectiveTo gauge the general public’s preferences for prioritising certain characteristics of childhood vaccination, to help inform future policy making decisions in the UK.DesignQualitative design using individual face-to-face interviews, with data analysed using an inductive thematic framework approach.SettingTwo counties in England, UK.PopulationAdult members of the general public were recruited using the Bristol and South Gloucestershire open electoral registers, using gender and deprivation quotas for each area.Participants21 members of the public participated in qualitative interviews.ResultsThe qualitative research identified three major themes and several key attributes that influences participant’s opinions about priority setting for childhood vaccinations: (1) population segment (i.e. age group, carer impact and social group), (2) vaccine preventable diseases preferences (i.e. disease severity, disease incidence and declining infection) and (3) risks and benefits associated with childhood vaccinations (i.e. vaccine associated side-effects, herd protection and peace of mind).ConclusionEvidence from this qualitative study suggests that some members of the UK general public have more nuanced views than the health-maximisation approach when considering how childhood vaccines should be prioritised. This is not necessarily captured by the current economic approaches for assessing the benefits from childhood vaccinations in the UK, but is an important area for future research to ensure appropriate decision making.

Local authority level vaccine coverage estimates for the school-based meningococcal ACWY adolescent vaccination programme for 14 to 15 year olds.

Rationale The MenACWY vaccination was introduced into the national immunisation programme in autumn 2015 to respond to a rapid and accelerating increase in cases of invasive meningococcal group W (MenW) disease, which was declared a national incident. The MenACWY conjugate vaccine provides direct protection to the vaccinated cohort and, by reducing MenW carriage, will also provide indirect protection to unvaccinated children and adults. This follows advice from the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI). It is routinely offered through schools in academic school Years 9 and 10 (rising 14 and rising 15 year olds). The indicator measures local authority level MenACWY vaccine coverage for students at the end of school Yr 10. Vaccination coverage is the best indicator of the level of protection a population will have against vaccine preventable communicable diseases. Coverage is closely correlated with levels of disease. Monitoring coverage identifies possible drops in immunity before levels of disease rise. Previous evidence shows that highlighting vaccination programmes encourages improvements in uptake levels. May also have relevance for NICE guidance PH21: Reducing differences in the uptake of immunisations (The guidance aims to increase immunisation uptake among those aged under 19 years from groups where uptake is low).

Definition of numerator Total number of adolescents in LA responsible population whose 15th birthday falls within the time period who have ever received MenACWY vaccine.

Definition of denominator Total number of adolescents attending school in LA plus adolescents resident in the LA not linked to any school whose 15th birthday falls within the time period.

Caveats On 23 March 2020, all educational settings in England were advised to close by the UK Government as part of COVID-19 pandemic measures. Although the importance of maintaining good vaccine uptake was impressed, operational delivery of all school-aged immunisation programmes was paused for a short period of time as a consequence of school closures limiting access to venues for providers and children who were eligible for vaccination and to ensure that lockdown regulations were not breached.

The NHSEI central public health commissioning and operations team rapidly established an Immunisation Task and Finish Group, with regional NHSEI and UKHSA representation. The group was established to:

assess the impact of COVID-19 on all immunisation programmes, including school-aged programmes develop technical guidance and a plan for restoration and recovery of school-aged programmes, once education settings were reopened

From 1 June 2020, some schools partially reopened for some year groups for a mini summer term. NHSEI published clinical guidance for healthcare professionals on maintaining immunisation programmes during COVID-19, and the Department of Education published further guidance which led to schools allowing vaccination sessions to resume on site.

NHSEI commissioned, school-aged immunisation providers were able to implement their restoration and recovery plans to commence catch-up during the summer of 2020. This included delivery of programmes in school and community settings following a robust risk assessment and in line with UK Government Public Health COVID-19 guidance.

In September 2020, schools across the UK reopened for general in-person attendance. During the 2020 to 2021 academic year, students were required to stay at home and learn remotely if they tested positive for COVID-19 or if they were a contact of a confirmed COVID-19 case, and so school attendance rates in England were lower than normal, especially in areas with very high COVID-19 incidence rates. In England, as part of a wider national lockdown in January 2021, schools were closed to all except children of keyworkers and vulnerable children. From early March 2021, primary schools reopened, with a phased reopening of secondary schools.

Although this led to some disruption of school-based elements of programme delivery in the 2020 to 2021 academic year, NHSEI Regional Public Health Commissioning teams worked with NHSEI commissioned school-aged immunisation providers to maintain the delivery of the routine programme and catch-up. As the routine programme is commissioned for a school-aged cohort rather than a school-based cohort, providers were able to build on existing arrangements such as community-based clinics in place for children not in mainstream education. A wide variety of local arrangements were established to ensure programme delivery continued effectively and safely in the school and community premises, during the term time and school breaks.