These data files provide population counts for racial and ethnic groups living in all the jurisdictions of the states in the United States in 1980. These data were produced as part of the Census Bureau's commitment under Public Law 94-171 to aid states' legislatures in the redistricting process. Public Law 171 of the 94th Congress was passed in 1975 to help facilitate the one-man-one-vote concept enunciated in 1963. It specifies procedures for conducting the decennial census for those states wishing to participate and makes improvements for reporting the findings as well. As a result of this law, the Census Bureau was authorized to prepare for each state a data file that contains population counts for racial and ethnic groups living in all the jurisdictions of the state. Each of these files contains summary statistics for seven population groups/types: Whites, Blacks, American Indians, Eskimos and Aleuts, Asians and Pacific Islanders, Spanish-Hispanics, total population, and population of other races. Each record in each of the files is a type of census reporting area arranged in hierarchical order. There are 51 data files, one for each of the states plus one for Washington, DC. Each of the files has the same format of 156-character logical records with characters 1-100 containing identification data and the alphabetic name of the record and characters 101-156 containing the data for the seven population groups/types. Data are provided for states or state equivalent, counties or county equivalent, minor civil divisions (MCDs) or census county divisions (CCDs), incorporated places, election precincts or their equivalent (if any), census tracts or block numbering areas (BNAs) (if any), and block groups and blocks in blocked areas, or enumeration districts in nonblock-numbered areas. The Census Bureau has produced a file, User Note No.#2 (Part 90), to accompany the PL94-171 series that documents a problem encountered in all but nine states in the series. The nine states NOT affected are Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Vermont. The file contains a list of places split across counties or MCD/CCDs that have two partial records but do not have a "part" indicator on either record. Because of the omission of this part indicator, it is not possible to connect the two parts of the same record (place) for analysis purposes without the User Note No.#2 that allows researchers to identify these places and use the data for them more easily. There are 5,971 records (split places) in the file, each with a logical record length of 48.

The Census Bureau has created a special subset file from the 1980 Census of Population and Housing data designed to meet the needs of Equal Employment Opportunity and affirmative action planning. It contains detailed 1980 Census data dealing with occupation and educational attainment for the civilian labor force, various race groups, and the Hispanic population. The collection contains two tabulations of the United States civilian labor force: one offering detailed occupation data and the other, data on years of school completed. The occupation tabulation includes information for 514 occupation categories organized by sex and race (including Hispanic origin). The second tabulation, years of school completed, is organized by age, sex, and race (including Hispanic origin). This collection contains 51 separate files, one for each state and the District of Columbia. Each state file contains statistics for the state, each county, standard metropolitan statistical area (SMSA), and place with a population of 50,000 or more within that state. If an SMSA crosses state lines, each state file containing a part of the SMSA will have totals for the entire SMSA. The 51 files in the collection include a total of 48,168 data records. Each of the data records contains 1,098 "substantive" variables, as well as geographic identifiers. A CENSPAC-compatible database dictionary, Part 90, is also included with this collection.

As of July 1, 2024, there were 168.34 million males and 171.77 million females living in the United States. The overall population of the United States has remained steady since 2010.

Analysis unit

Persons, households, and dwellings

UNITS IDENTIFIED: - Dwellings: yes - Vacant Units: Yes - Households: yes - Individuals: yes - Group quarters: yes

UNIT DESCRIPTIONS: - Dwellings: no - Households: Dwelling places with fewer than ten persons unrelated to a household head, excluding institutions and transient quarters. - Group quarters: Institutions, transient quarters, and dwelling places with ten or more persons unrelated to a household head.

Universe

Residents of the 50 states (not the outlying areas).

Kind of data

Population and Housing Census [hh/popcen]

Sampling procedure

MICRODATA SOURCE: U.S. Census Bureau

SAMPLE SIZE (person records): 11343120.

SAMPLE DESIGN: 1-in-20 national random sample drawn by the U.S. Census Bureau

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The 1980 census employed a single long form questionnaire completed by one-half of housing units in places with a population under 2,500 and one-sixth of other housing units.

This statistic shows the change in the United States' Indian population from 1980 to 2010. In 1980, there were 396,000 Indian-Americans (Indian immigrants and people with Indian heritage) living in the United States.

This statistic shows the change in the United States' Chinese population from 1980 to 2010. In 1980, there were 814,000 Chinese-Americans (Chinese immigrants and people with Chinese heritage) living in the United States.

This statistic shows the change in the United States' Japanese population from 1980 to 2010. In 1980, there were 720,000 Japanese-Americans (Japanese immigrants and people with Japanese heritage) living in the United States.

This statistic shows the change in the United States' Vietnamese population from 1980 to 2010. In 1980, there were 253,000 Vietnamese-Americans (Vietnamese immigrants and people with Vietnamese heritage) living in the United States.

This statistic shows the change in the number of foreign born Indian-Americans living in the United States from 1980 to 2010. In 2010, there were approximately 1,979,000 foreign born Indian-Americans living in the United States.

This graph shows the percentage of the U.S. population that were moving during each respective year from 1980 to 2018. The movers include movers to the same county, same state, and different state. In 2018, around 9.8 percent of the U.S. population had moved during the recent year.

The Public Use Microdata Samples (PUMS) contain person- and household-level information from the "long-form" questionnaires distributed to a sample of the population enumerated in the 1980 Census. The A Sample identifies every state, county groups, and most individual counties with 100,000 or more inhabitants (350 in all). In many cases, individual cities or groups of places with 100,000 or more inhabitants are also identified. As a percentage of the 5-Percent Public Use Microdata Sample (A Sample) (CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING, 1980 (UNITED STATES): PUBLIC USE MICRODATA SAMPLE (A SAMPLE): 5-PERCENT SAMPLE (ICPSR 8101)), this file constitutes a 1-in-1000 sample, and contains all household- and person-level variables from the original A Sample. Household-level variables include housing tenure, year structure was built, number and types of rooms in dwelling, plumbing facilities, heating equipment, taxes and mortgage costs, number of children, and household and family income. Person-level variables include sex, age, marital status, race, Spanish origin, income, occupation, transportation to work, and education. (Source: downloaded from ICPSR 7/13/10)

Please Note: This dataset is part of the historical CISER Data Archive Collection and is also available at ICPSR at https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08210.v1. We highly recommend using the ICPSR version as they may make this dataset available in multiple data formats in the future.

Summary Tape File 2 (STF 2) files contain detailed complete-count tabulations for all persons and housing units in the United States. The STF 2A files contain summaries for standard metropolitan statistical areas (SMSAs) and for these components: counties or county equivalents, places of 10,000 or more inhabitants, census tracts, and totals for census tracts split by county components. A summary is also provided for the tracted area outside of SMSAs within each state. The data are presented in two types of records, each containing different tables. The first, record A, is presented once for each geographic area and summarizes total population and all housing units. The second, record B, is presented for the total population in each area and repeated for each race and Hispanic group in the area that meets nonsuppression criteria. Record B is presented for a maximum of six racial/Hispanic groups. If too few persons or housing units fall into an ethnic category in a census area, the data for that category are suppressed. There are 51 files, one for each state and the District of Columbia.

The 1980 American Indian supplementary file provides information on the American Indian, Eskimo, and Aleut populations beyond that obtained from the regular 1980 census questionnaire. The questionnaire was used on all federal and state reservations and in the historic areas of Oklahoma (excluding urbanized areas) to obtain information about the unique living conditions present on many reservations and in those specified areas of Oklahoma. Population items from the supplementary questionnaire include: tribal affiliation, educational attainment, health services received, occupation, work history, benefits received, and income. Housing items include: source of water, source of heat, kitchen facilities, telephone, electrical lighting, and materials and age of structure. (Source: downloaded from ICPSR 7/13/10)

Please Note: This dataset is part of the historical CISER Data Archive Collection and is also available at ICPSR at https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR08664.v1. We highly recommend using the ICPSR version as they may make this dataset available in multiple data formats in the future.

In 2022, about 18.24 million Hispanics were enrolled as students for all levels of education in the United States, an increase from 17.54 million students with Hispanic origin who were enrolled in the previous year.

This supplement to Summary Tape File 3D (ICPSR 8157) contains census data for the ten states that were redistricted for the 99th Congress. Complete-count data are included for demographic data such as age, race, sex, marital status, and Spanish origin, and for housing information such as occupancy status, property value, rent, number of rooms, and plumbing facilities. Sample data inflated to represent the total population are provided for other topics: education, language, ancestry, employment, transportation, and income, plus detailed information on housing characteristics.

Summary Tape File 4 consists of three sets of computer-readable data files containing highly detailed tabulations of the nation's population and housing characteristics produced from the 1980 Census. The files contain sample data inflated to represent the total United States population. The files also contain 100-percent counts and unweighted sample counts of persons and housing units. This series is comprised of STF 4A, STF 4B, and STF 4C. All three series have identical tables and format. Population items tabulated for each area include demographic data and information on schooling, ethnicity, labor force status, children, and details about occupation and income. Housing items include data on size and condition of the housing unit as well as information on value, age, water, sewage and heating, vehicles, and monthly owner costs.

This file is an extract of Summary Tape File 1A from the 1980 Census. It contains numeric codes and names of geographic areas plus selected complete-count population, provisional population counts by race and Hispanic origin, the number of families, and the number of persons in group quarters. Also included are the number of one-person households, the total number of housing units, the number of occupied housing units, and the number of owner-occupied housing units. There are 51 files, one for each state and the District of Columbia. The format for each of the files is identical. The number of records varies by state.

This data collection contains two files. Table 8 contains data for each state, Table 7 contains data for the U.S. (total) and for the regions and divisions. These files contain annual population estimates for the years 1980-1989. The data for 1980 are from the 1980 Census of Population and Housing taken April 1, 1980. Summaries are given for the total population, and by various age groups by sex. Two separate age groupings are provided. One group is: under 5, 5-14, 15-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, 75-84, and 85 and older. The second age groups are for the population aged: 5-17, 18-24, 25-44, 45-64, 16 and over, 18 and over, 21 and over, and 65 and over. Median age is also given.

United States Population Est Prog: Population: Civilian data was reported at 327,727.000 Person th in Nov 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 327,524.000 Person th for Oct 2018. United States Population Est Prog: Population: Civilian data is updated monthly, averaging 271,611.500 Person th from Apr 1980 (Median) to Nov 2018, with 464 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 327,727.000 Person th in Nov 2018 and a record low of 224,968.000 Person th in Apr 1980. United States Population Est Prog: Population: Civilian data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by US Census Bureau. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.G001: Population.

1980 Census include the following subjects: Age cohorts Race 1980 Census data are available for state, county, place, tract and block numbering area. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1980 Census and Minnesota Population Center, National Historical Geographic Information System: Version 2.0. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota 2011.