Portugal - Income distribution was 5.20 in December of 2024, according to the EUROSTAT. The income distribution ratio considers the total income received by the 20 % of the population with the highest income to that received by the 20 % of the population with the lowest income.

In Portugal, **** percent of consumers earned at least the equivalent of the highest ** percent of global income earners as of 2022 in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Those who earned at least the equivalent of the top 10 percent of global income earners stood at ** percent.

Graph and download economic data for Gross National Income for Portugal (MKTGNIPTA646NWDB) from 1960 to 2024 about Portugal, GNI, and income.

Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Latin America & The Caribbean data was reported at 3.154 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.699 % for 2015. Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Latin America & The Caribbean data is updated yearly, averaging 3.129 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.635 % in 1984 and a record low of 1.757 % in 1970. Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Latin America & The Caribbean data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Portugal – Table PT.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Latin America and the Caribbean are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the Latin America and the Caribbean region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Sub-Saharan Africa data was reported at 2.515 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4.221 % for 2015. Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Sub-Saharan Africa data is updated yearly, averaging 4.655 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17.975 % in 1967 and a record low of 2.343 % in 1999. Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Sub-Saharan Africa data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Portugal – Table PT.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the Sub-Saharan Africa region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Outside Region data was reported at 17.115 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 17.876 % for 2015. Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Outside Region data is updated yearly, averaging 18.537 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 27.047 % in 1965 and a record low of 10.080 % in 1999. Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Outside Region data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Portugal – Table PT.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies outside region are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from other low- and middle-income economies in other World Bank regions according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Europe & Central Asia data was reported at 2.269 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.004 % for 2015. Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Europe & Central Asia data is updated yearly, averaging 0.684 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.332 % in 2013 and a record low of 0.158 % in 1991. Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Europe & Central Asia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Portugal – Table PT.World Bank: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Europe and Central Asia are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the Europe and Central Asia region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: East Asia & Pacific data was reported at 4.001 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.922 % for 2015. Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: East Asia & Pacific data is updated yearly, averaging 1.102 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.001 % in 2016 and a record low of 0.056 % in 1960. Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: East Asia & Pacific data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Portugal – Table PT.World Bank.WDI: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in East Asia and Pacific are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the East Asia and Pacific region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: South Asia data was reported at 0.272 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.230 % for 2015. Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: South Asia data is updated yearly, averaging 0.154 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.516 % in 1961 and a record low of 0.049 % in 1970. Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: South Asia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Portugal – Table PT.World Bank.WDI: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in South Asia are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the South Asia region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Portugal, Canada, and the United States were the countries with the highest house price to income ratio in 2024. In all three countries, the index exceeded 130 index points, while the average for all OECD countries stood at 116.2 index points. The index measures the development of housing affordability and is calculated by dividing nominal house price by nominal disposable income per head, with 2015 set as a base year when the index amounted to 100. An index value of 120, for example, would mean that house price growth has outpaced income growth by 20 percent since 2015. How have house prices worldwide changed since the COVID-19 pandemic? House prices started to rise gradually after the global financial crisis (2007–2008), but this trend accelerated with the pandemic. The countries with advanced economies, which usually have mature housing markets, experienced stronger growth than countries with emerging economies. Real house price growth (accounting for inflation) peaked in 2022 and has since lost some of the gain. Although, many countries experienced a decline in house prices, the global house price index shows that property prices in 2023 were still substantially higher than before COVID-19. Renting vs. buying In the past, house prices have grown faster than rents. However, the home affordability has been declining notably, with a direct impact on rental prices. As people struggle to buy a property of their own, they often turn to rental accommodation. This has resulted in a growing demand for rental apartments and soaring rental prices.

The house price to income index in Europe declined in almost all European countries in 2023, indicating that income grew faster than house prices. Portugal, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands led the house price to income index ranking in 2023, with values exceeding *** index points. Romania, Bulgaria, and Finland were on the other side of the spectrum, with less than 100 index points. The house price to income ratio is an indicator for the development of housing affordability across OECD countries and is calculated as the nominal house prices divided by nominal disposable income per head, with 2015 chosen as a base year. A ratio higher than 100 means that the nominal house price growth since 2015 has outpaced the nominal disposable income growth, and housing is therefore comparatively less affordable. In 2023, the OECD average stood at ***** index points.

This dataset presents information on historical central government revenues for 31 countries in Europe and the Americas for the period from 1800 (or independence) to 2012. The countries included are: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany (West Germany between 1949 and 1990), Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, the United States, Uruguay, and Venezuela. In other words, the dataset includes all South American, North American, and Western European countries with a population of more than one million, plus Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and Mexico. The dataset contains information on the public finances of central governments. To make such information comparable cross-nationally we have chosen to normalize nominal revenue figures in two ways: (i) as a share of the total budget, and (ii) as a share of total gross domestic product. The total tax revenue of the central state is disaggregated guided by the Government Finance Statistics Manual 2001 of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) which provides a classification of types of revenue, and describes in detail the contents of each classification category. Given the paucity of detailed historical data and the needs of our project, we combined some subcategories. First, we are interested in total tax revenue (centaxtot), as well as the shares of total revenue coming from direct (centaxdirectsh) and indirect (centaxindirectsh) taxes. Further, we measure two sub-categories of direct taxation, namely taxes on property (centaxpropertysh) and income (centaxincomesh). For indirect taxes, we separate excises (centaxexcisesh), consumption (centaxconssh), and customs(centaxcustomssh).

For a more detailed description of the dataset and the coding process, see the codebook available in the .zip-file.

Purpose:

This dataset presents information on historical central government revenues for 31 countries in Europe and the Americas for the period from 1800 (or independence) to 2012. The countries included are: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany (West Germany between 1949 and 1990), Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, the United States, Uruguay, and Venezuela. In other words, the dataset includes all South American, North American, and Western European countries with a population of more than one million, plus Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and Mexico. The dataset contains information on the public finances of central governments. To make such information comparable cross-nationally we have chosen to normalize nominal revenue figures in two ways: (i) as a share of the total budget, and (ii) as a share of total gross domestic product. The total tax revenue of the central state is disaggregated guided by the Government Finance Statistics Manual 2001 of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) which provides a classification of types of revenue, and describes in detail the contents of each classification category. Given the paucity of detailed historical data and the needs of our project, we combined some subcategories. First, we are interested in total tax revenue (centaxtot), as well as the shares of total revenue coming from direct (centaxdirectsh) and indirect (centaxindirectsh) taxes. Further, we measure two sub-categories of direct taxation, namely taxes on property (centaxpropertysh) and income (centaxincomesh). For indirect taxes, we separate excises (centaxexcisesh), consumption (centaxconssh), and customs(centaxcustomssh).

Portugal PT: Exports: High-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports data was reported at 83.639 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 81.481 % for 2015. Portugal PT: Exports: High-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports data is updated yearly, averaging 81.337 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 93.846 % in 1999 and a record low of 57.590 % in 1960. Portugal PT: Exports: High-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Portugal – Table PT.World Bank: Exports. Merchandise exports to high-income economies are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to high-income economies according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Middle East & North Africa data was reported at 1.403 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.661 % for 2015. Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Middle East & North Africa data is updated yearly, averaging 3.476 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9.664 % in 1975 and a record low of 1.375 % in 2001. Portugal PT: Imports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports: Middle East & North Africa data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Portugal – Table PT.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Middle East and North Africa are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the Middle East and North Africa region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

The study aimed to analyze the association between the socioeconomic profile and the Quality of Life (QoL) of elderly people with depressive symptoms assisted in Primary Health Care (PHC) in Brazil and Portugal. This is a comparative cross-sectional study with a non-probabilistic sample of elderly people from PHC in Brazil and Portugal, carried out between 2018 and 2018. To assess the variables of interest, a form containing socioeconomic data, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS- 15) and the Medical Outcomes Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). We performed descriptive and multivariate analyzes to test the study hypothesis. The sample consisted of n=150 participants (Brazil n=100 and Portugal n=50). There was similarity in some variables of the socioeconomic profile of both groups, with predominance in the total sample of females (76.0% / p = 0.224) and of individuals aged between 65 and 80 years (88.0% - p = 0.594 ). However, in Brazil, less education (79.0%/ p = 0.001) and participants who did not live alone (86.0%/ p = 0.001) stood out. In Portugal, all participants had an income lower than the minimum wage (100.0% / p <0.001). There is also a predominance of symptoms in the group from Brazil (59.0%) (p=0.015 / OR= 1.81 - 95%CI= 1.12 – 2.81). When performing the multivariate association analysis between socioeconomic variables, presence of depressive symptoms and QoL, we selected and presented the most relevant results in Table 5. It is noted that the Mental Health domain was the domain that was most associated with socioeconomic variables. Among them, the female gender (p= 0.027), age group 65-80 years (p=0.042), marital status “without a partner” (p=0.029), education of up to 5 years (p=0.011) and income of up to 1 minimum wage (p=0.037). In all these variables, higher scores were observed in the group from Brazil. With higher scores in Portugal, the General Health Status domain was associated with female gender (p= 0.042) and education of up to 5 years (p=0.045). In addition, the physical aspect domain was associated with income of up to 1 minimum wage. The results revealed the existence of an association between the socioeconomic profile and the QoL in the presence of depressive symptoms. This association was observed mainly among females, low education and low income with aspects of QoL related to mental, physical and social health and self-perception of health. The group from Brazil had higher QoL scores compared to Portugal.

Portugal PT: Imports: High-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports data was reported at 82.495 % in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 81.608 % for 2015. Portugal PT: Imports: High-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports data is updated yearly, averaging 79.951 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 89.837 % in 1999 and a record low of 65.557 % in 1960. Portugal PT: Imports: High-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Imports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Portugal – Table PT.World Bank: Imports. Merchandise imports from high-income economies are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from high-income economies according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Outside Region data was reported at 14.919 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 16.648 % for 2015. Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Outside Region data is updated yearly, averaging 13.696 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 34.668 % in 1960 and a record low of 5.484 % in 1999. Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Outside Region data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Portugal – Table PT.World Bank.WDI: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies outside region are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to other low- and middle-income economies in other World Bank regions according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

In the third quarter of 2024, Greece's national debt was the highest in all the European Union, amounting to 158 percent of Greece's gross domestic product. In spite of Greece's total being high by EU standards, it marks a substantial decrease from the historical high point reached by the country's national debt of 207 percent of GDP in 2020. Italy, France, Spain, Belgium, and Portugal also all have government debt worth over one year's production of their economies, while the small Baltic country of Estonia has the smallest national debt when compared with GDP, at only 24 percent. In debitum incrementum?A country’s national debt, also known as government debt or public debt, is defined as all borrowings owed by the government of a country. It usually comprises internal debt – owed to other governmental departments – and external debt, which is held by the public and is owed to government bond owners. National debt can be caused by a struggling economy in general, or by low tax income, which usually leads to money being borrowed from other governments for support, which in turn cannot be paid back right away. At first glance, a high national debt is not always a sign of a struggling economy – but since increasing debt can slow down economic growth significantly, it is imperative for the respective government to seek a steady reduction in the long run.

Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: East Asia & Pacific data was reported at 1.561 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.891 % for 2015. Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: East Asia & Pacific data is updated yearly, averaging 0.496 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.929 % in 2014 and a record low of 0.247 % in 1960. Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: East Asia & Pacific data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Portugal – Table PT.World Bank: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in East Asia and Pacific are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the East Asia and Pacific region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;

Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Latin America & The Caribbean data was reported at 2.308 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.493 % for 2015. Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Latin America & The Caribbean data is updated yearly, averaging 1.741 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2016, with 57 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.408 % in 1978 and a record low of 0.450 % in 1992. Portugal PT: Exports: Low- and Middle-Income Economies: % of Total Goods Exports: Latin America & The Caribbean data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Portugal – Table PT.World Bank.WDI: Exports. Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Latin America and the Caribbean are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the Latin America and the Caribbean region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.; ; World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.; Weighted average;