Graph and download economic data for Income After Taxes: Income After Taxes by Deciles of Income Before Taxes: Highest 10 Percent (91st to 100th Percentile) (CXUINCAFTTXLB1511M) from 2014 to 2023 about percentile, tax, income, and USA.

In 2020, the average tax rate of the top 10 percent of earners in the United States stood at **** percent. For the top one percent of earners, the average tax rate stood at ***** percent, and for all taxpayers, the average tax rate was ***** percent.

In Mexico, as of 2022, the bottom 50 percent, which represents the population whose income lied below the median, earned on average 2,076 euros at purchasing power parity (PPP) before income taxes. Meanwhile, the top ten percent had an average earning of 111,484 euros, 53 times over than the average earning of the bottom half. Further, the bottom 50 percent accounted for -0.3 percent of the overall national wealth in Mexico, that is, they have on average more debts than assets.

Graph and download economic data for Income Before Taxes: Income Before Taxes by Quintiles of Income Before Taxes: Highest 20 Percent (81st to 100th Percentile) (CXUINCBEFTXLB0106M) from 1984 to 2023 about percentile, tax, income, and USA.

In 2021, the birth rate in the United States was highest in families that had under 10,000 U.S. dollars in income per year, at 62.75 births per 1,000 women. As the income scale increases, the birth rate decreases, with families making 200,000 U.S. dollars or more per year having the second-lowest birth rate, at 47.57 births per 1,000 women. Income and the birth rate Income and high birth rates are strongly linked, not just in the United States, but around the world. Women in lower income brackets tend to have higher birth rates across the board. There are many factors at play in birth rates, such as the education level of the mother, ethnicity of the mother, and even where someone lives. The fertility rate in the United States The fertility rate in the United States has declined in recent years, and it seems that more and more women are waiting longer to begin having children. Studies have shown that the average age of the mother at the birth of their first child in the United States was 27.4 years old, although this figure varies for different ethnic origins.

We know that students at elite universities tend to be from high-income families, and that graduates are more likely to end up in high-status or high-income jobs. But very little public data has been available on university admissions practices. This dataset, collected by Opportunity Insights, gives extensive detail on college application and admission rates for 139 colleges and universities across the United States, including data on the incomes of students. How do admissions practices vary by institution, and are wealthy students overrepresented?

Motivation

Education equality is one of the most contested topics in society today. It can be defined and explored in many ways, from accessible education to disabled/low-income/rural students to the cross-generational influence of doctorate degrees and tenure track positions. One aspect of equality is the institutions students attend. Consider the “Ivy Plus” universities, which are all eight Ivy League schools plus MIT, Stanford, Duke, and Chicago. Although less than half of one percent of Americans attend Ivy-Plus colleges, they account for more than 10% of Fortune 500 CEOs, a quarter of U.S. Senators, half of all Rhodes scholars, and three-fourths of Supreme Court justices appointed in the last half-century.

A 2023 study (Chetty et al, 2023) tried to understand how these elite institutions affect educational equality:

Do highly selective private colleges amplify the persistence of privilege across generations by taking students from high-income families and helping them obtain high-status, high-paying leadership positions? Conversely, to what extent could such colleges diversify the socioeconomic backgrounds of society’s leaders by changing their admissions policies?

To answer these questions, they assembled a dataset documenting the admission and attendance rate for 13 different income bins for 139 selective universities around the country. They were able to access and link not only student SAT/ACT scores and high school grades, but also parents’ income through their tax records, students’ post-college graduate school enrollment or employment (including earnings, employers, and occupations), and also for some selected colleges, their internal admission ratings for each student. This dataset covers students in the entering classes of 2010–2015, or roughly 2.4 million domestic students.

They found that children from families in the top 1% (by income) are more than twice as likely to attend an Ivy-Plus college as those from middle-class families with comparable SAT/ACT scores, and two-thirds of this gap can be attributed to higher admission rates with similar scores, with the remaining third due to the differences in rates of application and matriculation (enrollment conditional on admission). This is not a shocking conclusion, but we can further explore elite college admissions by socioeconomic status to understand the differences between elite private colleges and public flagships admission practices, and to reflect on the privilege we have here and to envision what a fairer higher education system could look like.

Data

The data has been aggregated by university and by parental income level, grouped into 13 income brackets. The income brackets are grouped by percentile relative to the US national income distribution, so for instance the 75.0 bin represents parents whose incomes are between the 70th and 80th percentile. The top two bins overlap: the 99.4 bin represents parents between the 99 and 99.9th percentiles, while the 99.5 bin represents parents in the top 1%.

Each row represents students’ admission and matriculation outcomes from one income bracket at a given university. There are 139 colleges covered in this dataset.

The variables include an array of different college-level-income-binned estimates for things including attendance rate (both raw and reweighted by SAT/ACT scores), application rate, and relative attendance rate conditional on application, also with respect to specific test score bands for each college and in/out-of state. Colleges are categorized into six tiers: Ivy Plus, other elite schools (public and private), highly selective public/private, and selective public/private, with selectivity generally in descending order. It also notes whether a college is public and/or flagship, where “flagship” means public flagship universities. Furthermore, they also report the relative application rate for each income bin within specific test bands, which are 50-point bands that had the most attendees in each school tier/category.

Several values are reported in “test-score-reweighted” form. These values control for SAT score: they are calculated separately for each SAT score value, then averaged with weights based on the distribution of SAT scores at the institution.

Note that since private schools typically don’t differentiate between in-...

Graph and download economic data for Income Before Taxes: Wages and Salaries by Deciles of Income Before Taxes: Ninth 10 Percent (81st to 90th Percentile) (CXU900000LB1510M) from 2014 to 2023 about percentile, salaries, tax, wages, income, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Consumer Unit Characteristics: Income After Taxes by Deciles of Income Before Taxes: Ninth 10 Percent (81st to 90th Percentile) (CXUINCAFTAXLB1510M) from 2014 to 2023 about consumer unit, percentile, tax, income, and USA.

The statistic shows the average retirement account balances of Americans between 50 and 64 as of November 2010, by pension plan. On average, Americans from the bottom 25th percentile (0 - 10,800 U.S. dollars) had 281 U.S. dollars in a KEOGH pension plan, a tax deferred pension plan available to self-employed individuals or unincorporated businesses for retirement purposes. The same income group had, on average, 9,160 U.S. dollars in IRA (individual retirement account) pension plans. Additional info: Retirement saving It is never too early to start thinking about retirement. Plans and provisions for our twilight years often get put off as we deal with life’s more pressing demands, and with solid economic recovery still far from guaranteed, savings plans have been impacted. Despite this, those who wish to enjoy the golden years of their life should save early and save often. There are a number of saving strategies and a number of possibilities available for retirement saving, and this can seem quite daunting and difficult to figure out at first. The U.S. Department of Labor recommends determining net worth to be a good place to start i.e., the total value of assets minus the value of debts. Having ascertained this, and judging by your age, you can start planning how to get the most out of your retirement savings. You should contemplate where you want to be and how you’re going to get there. If you have age on your side, you can afford to be aggressive and put money into riskier funds. If your fund loses in value, you have time to let it grow. However, if you are getting close to retirement, more intensive and low-risk saving methods are recommended.

Graph and download economic data for Consumer Unit Characteristics: Percent College by Quintiles of Income Before Taxes: Highest 20 Percent (81st to 100th Percentile) (CXU980310LB0106M) from 1984 to 2023 about consumer unit, percentile, tertiary schooling, tax, education, percent, income, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Expenditures: Total Average Annual Expenditures by Quintiles of Income Before Taxes: Lowest 20 Percent (1st to 20th Percentile) (CXUTOTALEXPLB0102M) from 1984 to 2023 about percentile, tax, average, expenditures, income, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Expenditures: Housing by Quintiles of Income Before Taxes: Highest 20 Percent (81st to 100th Percentile) (CXUHOUSINGLB0106M) from 1984 to 2023 about percentile, tax, expenditures, income, housing, and USA.