Looking back 45 years or so, progress against poverty in India has been highly uneven over time and space. It took 20 years for the national poverty rate to fall below—and stay below—its value in the early 1950s. And trend rates of poverty reduction have differed appreciably between states. This research project aimed to understand what influence economy-wide and sectoral factors have played in the evolution of poverty measures for India since the 1950s, and to draw lessons for the future. This database contains detailed statistics on a wide range of topics in India. The data are presented at the state level and at the all-India level separately. The database uses published information to construct comprehensive series in six subject blocks. Period coverage is roughly from 1950 to 1994. The database contains 30 spreadsheets and 89 text files (ASCII) that are grouped into the six subject blocks. The formats and sizes of the 30 spreadsheets vary considerably. The list of variables included: . Expenditures (distribution) . National Accounts . Prices Wages . Population . Rainfall

As per World Bank's thresholds, in 2022, over 23.9 percent of India's population was living on less than 3 U.S. dollars per day. When the 4.20 U.S. dollars per day threshold is considered, the share increased to over 5.3 percent. The poverty line of 4.20 per day is set by the World Bank to be representative of the definitions of poverty adopted in lower-middle-income countries.

During 2019 to 2021, ******* percent of the Indian population were reportedly multidimensionally poor. This reflected a much lower percentage of multidimensionally poor population in India as compared to 2016. India has made significant progress in multidimensional poverty over the years.

India: Poverty ratio, percent living on less than 5.50 USD a day: The latest value from 2021 is 81.8 percent, a decline from 83 percent in 2020. In comparison, the world average is 25.11 percent, based on data from 71 countries. Historically, the average for India from 1977 to 2021 is 89.86 percent. The minimum value, 80.7 percent, was reached in 2019 while the maximum of 97.8 percent was recorded in 1977.

In financial year 2023, Uttar Pradesh, India's most populated state had over ** percent people living under the poverty line of **** U.S. dollars per day. A decade ago the state had over ** percent of its population living under the threshold. The state of Bihar also witnessed a significant reduction in poverty rates from over ** percent in the financial year 2012 to over ** percent in the financial year 2023.

Historical dataset showing India poverty rate by year from 1977 to 2022.

The dataset contains All India Yearly Number and Percentage of Population Below Poverty Line from Handbook of Statistics on Indian Economy.

The dataset contains Year and State wise Poverty Rate-Number of Persons and Percentage

Lakdawala Methodology: An older method to measure poverty in India based on minimum calorie intake (2,400 rural / 2,100 urban). It used a 30-day recall for all expenses but did not include health and education costs.

Tendulkar Methodology:A revised method that considers actual spending on food, health, education, etc. It uses a mixed recall period and provides a more realistic estimate of poverty.

Mixed Recall Period: Combines two recall periods: 30 days for regular items and 365 days for infrequent ones. This helps reduce errors and gives a better picture of total household spending.

30-Day Recall Period: Collects data based on what households spent in the last 30 days for all items. It may miss big or occasional expenses and can underestimate actual consumption.

As of 2022, over ********** children between the ages of 10 to 14 years were affected by poverty. In general, age groups from 0 to 19 years were most impacted by extreme poverty.

In 2022, the total male population living in poverty in India was about ** million. By contrast, the number of females in poverty during the same time period was around ** million.

India: Poverty, percent of population: The latest value from 2011 is 21.9 percent, a decline from 29.8 percent in 2009. In comparison, the world average is 23.86 percent, based on data from 52 countries. Historically, the average for India from 2004 to 2011 is 29.63 percent. The minimum value, 21.9 percent, was reached in 2011 while the maximum of 37.2 percent was recorded in 2004.

Depending on the methodology and source, the poverty rate in India varied. According to Bhalla and Bhasin, using the World Bank's international *** dollars a day poverty line, the poverty rate was *** percent. It increased to over ** percent with the poverty line of *** dollars a day. India's last officially recognized poverty estimates, or the Tendulkar methodology, estimated poverty levels at over ** percent in 2011-12.

23.90 (%) in 2022. Population below $3.1 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $3.1 a day at 2005 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.

The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is a comprehensive measure that assesses poverty beyond income, capturing individuals’ various deprivations in areas critical to human well-being. Unlike traditional poverty metrics, which primarily focus on monetary aspects, the MPI incorporates multiple dimensions, including health, education, and living standards. Each dimension is further broken down into indicators, such as child mortality, years of schooling, access to clean water, sanitation, and adequate housing.

Of the total number of people living under extreme poverty in India in 2021, approximately ** million were females. Females were more affected by extreme poverty in India as opposed to their male counterparts during the same time period.

Agricultural Offtake: Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Rice: TPDS: Below Poverty Line (BPL) data was reported at 0.187 Ton th in Jan 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.102 Ton th for Dec 2015. Agricultural Offtake: Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Rice: TPDS: Below Poverty Line (BPL) data is updated monthly, averaging 0.274 Ton th from Oct 2011 (Median) to Jan 2016, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.482 Ton th in Jan 2015 and a record low of 0.008 Ton th in Sep 2012. Agricultural Offtake: Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Rice: TPDS: Below Poverty Line (BPL) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department of Food & Public Distribution. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RII015: Agricultural Offtake under Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS): Rice: by States .

13.7 (%) in 2011. Urban poverty rate is the percentage of the urban population living below the national urban poverty line.

22.5 (%) in 2011. Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $1.90 a day at 2011 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.

BackgroundThough the concept of multidimensional poverty has been acknowledged cutting across the disciplines (among economists, public health professionals, development thinkers, social scientists, policy makers and international organizations) and included in the development agenda, its measurement and application are still limited. Objectives and MethodologyUsing unit data from the National Family and Health Survey 3, India, this paper measures poverty in multidimensional space and examine the linkages of multidimensional poverty with child survival. The multidimensional poverty is measured in the dimension of knowledge, health and wealth and the child survival is measured with respect to infant mortality and under-five mortality. Descriptive statistics, principal component analyses and the life table methods are used in the analyses. ResultsThe estimates of multidimensional poverty are robust and the inter-state differentials are large. While infant mortality rate and under-five mortality rate are disproportionately higher among the abject poor compared to the non-poor, there are no significant differences in child survival among educationally, economically and health poor at the national level. State pattern in child survival among the education, economical and health poor are mixed. ConclusionUse of multidimensional poverty measures help to identify abject poor who are unlikely to come out of poverty trap. The child survival is significantly lower among abject poor compared to moderate poor and non-poor. We urge to popularize the concept of multiple deprivations in research and program so as to reduce poverty and inequality in the population.

The adoption of modified mixed recall period (MMRP) for estimating poverty in India brings down the poverty rate to **** percent in 2022 from **** percent in 2011. When the uniform recall period methodology (URP) was used, the poverty rate was almost 13 percent in 2021. India changed its methodology from URP to MMRP for the Household Consumption survey for 2022-23 survey. A unified recall period refers to using the same length of time for all survey questions when asking about past consumption or experiences. This contrasts with a mixed recall period, which uses different recall periods for different types of items.