Nuclear plants are the main source of electricity in the European Union, accounting for approximately 619 terawatt-hours in 2023, around 20 percent of the power produced that year. Wind followed, with 470 terawatt-hours generated. Among fossil fuels, gas was the largest contributor, with some 450 terawatt-hours. Nuclear power in the EU France is the main contributor to nuclear power production in the EU, accounting for almost half of the region’s total output in 2022. Spain and Sweden were also among the main producers that year. Despite remaining the leading source of electricity, nuclear power generation in the EU has been on a mostly downward trend for more than a decade, with many countries committed to shutting down remaining reactors like Germany did in April 2023. Fossil fuel persistence in the EU Renewable electricity production in the EU has grown in the past decade. Nevertheless, fossil fuels still persist in the region’s electricity mix, with over 800 terawatt-hours generated in 2023. In fact, coal-fired electricity production in the EU even increased in 2022. This was a result of low renewable output – in particular wind and hydropower – in addition to rising natural gas prices.

Natural gas was the leading source of electricity generation in Europe in 2023, contributing over 1,188 terawatt-hours to the region's power production. While coal and nuclear electricity production decreased during the period under consideration, renewable energy generation showed a growth trend.

In 2023, the electricity production in Europe stood at 3,805.1 terawatt-hours. This represented a decrease of nearly 2.4 percent in comparison to the previous year. The generation of electricity in the continent reached the lowest figure in nearly two decades in 2020, as a result of decreased demand amidst the coronavirus pandemic.

This dataset provides values for ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

Nuclear power was the main source of electricity generation in the European Union (EU) in October 2024, with over 50 terawatt-hours of electric power generated. Wind followed, with almost 40 terawatt-hours generated that month.

This table contains information about the Dutch production of renewable electricity, the number of installations used and the installed capacity of these installations. During production, a distinction is made between normalised gross production and non-standard gross and net production without normalisation.

Production of electricity is shown in million kilowatt hours and as a percentage of total electricity consumption in the Netherlands. The production of renewable electricity is compared with total electricity consumption and not against total electricity production. This choice is due to European conventions.

The data is broken down according to the type of energy source and the technique used to obtain the electricity. A distinction is made between four main categories: hydro power, wind energy, solar power and biomass.

Data available from: 1990.

Status of the figures: This table contains definite figures until 2022, revised provisional figures for 2023 and provvisional figures for 2024.

Changes as of March 10th 2025: Figures added for 2024.

Changes as of January 2025: Figures on the capacities of municipal waste and biogas are added for 2022 and 2023.

Changes as of November 2024: Figures about capacity are now published.

Changes as of November 2024: Figures for 2021- 2023 have been adjusted. 2022 is now definitive, 2023 stays revised provisional.Because of new insights for windmills regarding own electricity use and capacity, figures on 2021 have been revised. The capacity of solar photovoltaic from 2022 onwards is equal tot the system capacity of the installation. This means the maximal capacity with respect to the panel or the inverter.

Changes as of June 7th 2024: Revised provisional figures of 2023 have been added.

Changes as of March 7th 2024: Provisional figures of 2023 have been added. The gross electricity production with normalisation (according to RED II) is not yet known for some forms of biomass for 2023. When this applies a "." is displayed. RED II refers to the EU renewable energy directive which came into force in 2021.

Changes as of November 14th 2023: Figures of 2021 and 2022 have been updated. The status for figures of 2021 is now definite and the status for figures of 2022 is revised provisional. Figures of 2015-2020 have been revised in other tables on electricity. This revision has not been implemented in this table, as a result of which inconsitensies of (max) 80 GWh on a yearly basis are possible between the figures for biomass.

When will new figures be published? Provisional figures on electricity output for the previous year are published each year in February. Revised provisional figures on electricity output for the previous year are published each year in June. Definite figures on electricity output for the previous year are published each year in December.

European Renewable Power Generation by Country, 2023 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

Key information about European Union Electricity Production

• Electricity Production in European Union reached 240,934 GWh in Dec 2024, compared with 224,888 GWh in the previous month.
• Electricity Production data of EU is updated monthly averaging at 220,184 GWh from Oct 2008 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 277,685 GWh in Jan 2011 and a record low of 189,835 GWh in Apr 2020.

The report covers European Energy Market Overview and it is segmented by power generation (thermal, hydroelectric, renewables, and other types), power transmission and distribution, and geography (Norway, Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Italy, and the Rest of Europe). The market size and forecast in installed capacity (GW) for all the above segments.

The average for 2022 based on 43 countries was 40.84 million kilowatts. The highest value was in Russia: 303.02 million kilowatts and the lowest value was in Gibraltar: 0.05 million kilowatts. The indicator is available from 1980 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

In 2023, the electricity generation in the European Union (EU) was estimated at 2,696 terawatt-hours, down from 2,800 terawatt-hours in the previous years. Compared to pre-pandemic 2019 figures, electricity generation in the region decreased by less than five percent. Electricity demand in the EU followed a similar trend throughout the period.

European Gross Electricity Production from Wind Power by Country, 2023 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

(1) Output of the Renewable Energy Model (REM) as described in Insights into weather-driven extremes in Europe’s resources for renewable energy (Ho and Fiedler, 2024), last modification on 30.10.2023 from Linh Ho, named year_PV_wind_generation_v2.nc, with 23 years from 1995 to 2017. REM includes one simulation of photovoltaic (PV) power production and one simulation of wind power production across European domain, with a horizontal resolution of 48 km, hourly output for the period 1995--2017.

The output has a European domain with the same size as in the reanalysis dataset COSMO-REA6. This is a rotated grid with the coordinates of the rotated North Pole −162.0, 39.25, and of the lower left corner −23.375, −28.375. See Bollmeyer et al. (2014, http://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2486). Data downloaded from https://opendata.dwd.de/climate_environment/REA/COSMO_REA6/

(2) Weather pattern classification daily for Europe from 1995 to April 2020, named EGWL_LegacyGWL.txt, from James (2007, http://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-006-0239-3)

(3) The installation data of PV and wind power in Europe for one scenario in 2050 from the CLIMIX model, processed to have the same horizontal resolution as in REM, named installed_capacity_PV_wind_power_from_CLIMIX_final.nc. Original data were provided at 0.11 degree resolution, acquired from personal communication with the author from Jerez et al. (2015, http://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.09.041)

(4) Python scripts of REM, including: - model_PV_wind_complete_v2.py: the main script to produce REM output - model_PV_wind_potential_v2.py: produce potential (capacity factor) of PV and wind power for model evaluations, e.g., against CDS and Renewables Ninja data, as descript in Ho and Fiedler (2024) - model_PV_wind_complete_v1_ONLYyear2000.py: a separate Python script to produce REM output only for the year 2000. Note that the data for 2000 from COSMO-REA6 were read in a different approach (using cfgrib) probably due to the time stamp changes at the beginning of the milenium, also explains the larger size of the final output - utils_LH_archive_Oct2022.py: contains necessary Python functions to run the other scripts

(5) Jupyter notebook files to reproduce the figures in Ho and Fiedler (2024), named Paper1_Fig*_**.ipynb

(6) Time series of European-aggregated PV and wind power production hourly during the period 1995--2017, processed data from the dataset (1) to facilitate the reproduction of the figures, including two installations scale-2019 and scenario-2050: - Timeseries_all_hourly_1995_2017_GW_scale2019.csv - Timeseries_all_hourly_1995_2017_GW_scen2050.csv

This table shows the production of electricity, the input of fuels, and the use of installations, in the Netherlands. Electricity is obtained by the transformation of fuels such as natural gas, hard coal and fuel oil; solar and wind energy; and the use of hydro power. The figures are on the production of electricity, the heat released, fuel input, renewable energy commodities and installed capacity, broken down by Combined Heat and Power (CHP) installations and Electricity only (Eonly) installations. Finally, a distinction is made between central and decentral production of electricity and heat, where decentral production is broken down by sector. Data available: From 1998 onwards. Status of the figures: Figures 1998-2022 are definite. The 2023 figures are revised provisional. Changes as of December 2024: Revised provisional figures for 2023 have been added. Figures for 2022 have been finalized. Figures for 2015 to 2021 have been revised in accordance with new methods that have also been applied for 2022 and 2023. This concerns changes of less than 1 Petajoule in the total production of electricity and heat. When will new figures be published? In November 2025 definite figures 2023 and revised provisional figures 2024 will be published.

The market is segmented by Technology (Solar PV, Wind, Diesel Gensets, Combined Heat and Power (CHP), and Other Technologies), and Geography (Norway, Germany, Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Italy, and Rest of Europe)

European Gross Electricity Production from Solid Fossil Fuels by Country, 2023 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

European Gross Electricity Production from Hydro Power by Country, 2023 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

European Net Electricity Production of Electricity by Country, 2023 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

EMHIRES Wind

The first version of EMHIRES dataset releases four different files about the wind power generation hourly time series during 30 years (1986-2015), taking into account the existing wind fleet at the end of 2015, for each country (onshore and offshore), bidding zone and by NUTS 1 and NUTS 2 region. The time series are given as capacity factors. The installed capacity used accounted for calculating the capacity factors are summarised in the annexes of the report.

https://setis.ec.europa.eu/emhires-dataset-part-i-wind-power-generation_en

EMHIRES Solar

EMHIRES provides RES-E generation time series for the EU-28 and neighbouring countries. The solar power time series are released at hourly granularity and at different aggregation levels: by country, power market bidding zone, and by the European Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics (NUTS) defined by EUROSTAT; in particular, by NUTS 1 and NUTS 2 level. The time series provided by bidding zones include special aggregations to reflect the power market reality where this deviates from political or territorial boundaries.

The overall scope of EMHIRES is to allow users to assess the impact of meteorological and climate variability on the generation of solar power in Europe and not to mime the actual evolution of solar power production in the latest decades. For this reason, the hourly solar power generation time series are released for meteorological conditions of the years 1986-2015 (30 years) without considering any changes in the solar installed capacity. Thus, the installed capacity considered is fixed as the one installed at the end of 2015. For this reason, data from EMHIRES should not be compared with actual power generation data other than referring to the reference year 2015.

https://setis.ec.europa.eu/emhires-dataset-part-ii-solar-power-generation_en

European Wind Power Gross Electricity Production Share by Country (Terajoules), 2023 Discover more data with ReportLinker!